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			{{short description\|American biologist}}
⚫	~~'''Martin J.~~ Cline~~'''~~ ~~(born ]) is a ] at the ]. He is notable for being~~ the first ~~(in ])~~ to successfully transfer a functioning ] into a living ], creating the first ] organism~~. For this, he was censured by the ] ], which was funding his work~~. His research also ~~describes~~ the molecular genetic alterations in ], especially ].
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			'''Martin J. Cline''' (born 1934) is an American geneticist who is the Professor Emeritus of Medicine at the ] (UCLA). He did postdoctoral training in ]-] at the ] and was at the ] before going to UCLA. His research has been in ], ], and ].

			==Accomplishments==
⚫	~~First unapproved/unauthorized attempt at gene therapy –~~ In 1980, ~~Dr. Martin~~ Cline conducted a rDNA transfer into the bone marrow cells of two patients with hereditary blood disorders. He did so in direct opposition to National Institute of Health gene therapy guidelines and without the approval of the Institutional Review Board at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), where his research was conducted. The ethical concerns that were generated prompted a call for review by a number of ~~organizations – including~~ the National Council of Churches, Synagogue Council of America, and the United States Catholic Conference. Consequently, ~~Dr.~~ Cline was forced to resign his department chairmanship at UCLA and lost several research grants. ~~http://www.family.org/cforum/fosi/bioethics/genetics/a0032608.cfm~~
		⚫	Cline was the first to successfully transfer a functioning ] into a living mouse, creating the first ] organism. His research has also pertained to the molecular genetic alterations in ], especially in ].

		⚫	In 1980, Cline conducted a rDNA transfer into the bone marrow cells of two patients with hereditary blood disorders. He did so in direct opposition to National Institute of Health gene therapy guidelines and without the approval of the Institutional Review Board at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), where his research was conducted. The ethical concerns that were generated prompted a call for review by a number of organizations—including the National Council of Churches, Synagogue Council of America, and the United States Catholic Conference. Consequently, Cline was forced to resign his department chairmanship at UCLA and lost several research grants.
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			==References==
			{{Reflist}}

			==Further reading==
			* {{cite journal \|last1=Beutler \|first1=Ernest \|title=the cline affair \|journal=Molecular Therapy \|date=1 November 2001 \|volume=4 \|issue=5 \|pages=396–397 \|doi=10.1006/mthe.2001.0486 \|pmid=11708875 \|doi-access=free }}
			* {{cite news \|last1=Jacobs \|first1=Paul \|title=Doctor Tried Gene Therapy On 2 Humans \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/10/08/doctor-tried-gene-therapy-on-2-humans/c95d4b44-3e5c-4a48-904c-4bbefe52391b/ \|newspaper=Washington Post \|agency=Los Angeles Times \|date=8 October 1980 }}

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Latest revision as of 22:21, 28 January 2023

American biologist

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Martin J. Cline (born 1934) is an American geneticist who is the Professor Emeritus of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). He did postdoctoral training in hematology-oncology at the University of Utah and was at the University of California, San Francisco before going to UCLA. His research has been in cell biology, molecular biology, and genetics.

Accomplishments

Cline was the first to successfully transfer a functioning gene into a living mouse, creating the first transgenic organism. His research has also pertained to the molecular genetic alterations in cancer, especially in leukemia.

In 1980, Cline conducted a rDNA transfer into the bone marrow cells of two patients with hereditary blood disorders. He did so in direct opposition to National Institute of Health gene therapy guidelines and without the approval of the Institutional Review Board at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), where his research was conducted. The ethical concerns that were generated prompted a call for review by a number of organizations—including the National Council of Churches, Synagogue Council of America, and the United States Catholic Conference. Consequently, Cline was forced to resign his department chairmanship at UCLA and lost several research grants.

Latest revision as of 22:21, 28 January 2023

Accomplishments

References

Further reading