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{{short description|none}}
{{Infobox Ethnic group
{{Update|date=February 2024}}
|group = Azerbaijani Americans {{flagicon|United States}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
|image =
| group = Azerbaijani Americans
|caption =
| native_name = {{lang|az|Amerikalı Azərbaycanlılar}}
|popplace = ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and other<ref></ref>
| popplace = ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/yearbook-immigration-statistics-2012-legal-permanent-residents|title=Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2012 Supplemental Table 2|publisher=U.S. Department of Homeland Security|access-date=20 April 2013}}</ref><ref name="dhs yearkbook 2011">{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.ov/files/statistics/publications/LPR11.shtm|title=Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2011 Supplemental Table 2|publisher=U.S. Department of Homeland Security|access-date=20 April 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/files/statistics/publications/LPR10.shtm|title=Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2010 Supplemental Table 2|publisher=U.S. Department of Homeland Security|access-date=20 April 2013}}</ref> ], ], ], ], ], ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usazeris.org/proclamations/usan-proclamations.htm|title=U.S. Azeris Network (USAN): uniting Azerbaijani-American voters - USAN Press Release|access-date=17 March 2015|archive-date=11 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311132554/http://www.usazeris.org/proclamations/usan-proclamations.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|poptime = '''14,205'''<ref name="Census2000-STP">{{cite web |url=http://www.census.gov/population/cen2000/stp-159/STP-159-Azerbaijan.pdf |title=Table FBP-1. Profile of Selected Demographic and Social Characteristics |author= |date= |work=Census 2000 Special Tabulations (STP-159) |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=2011-09-07}}</ref> (Census 2000), '''24,377''' (Census 2000 + naturalization since 2001) and '''400,000''' (non-census estimate)<ref name="kaeter">Margaret Kaeter. . Infobase Publishing, 2004; ISBN 0816052689; p. 74</ref>
| population = '''14,205'''<ref name="Census2000-STP">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/cen2000/stp-159/STP-159-Azerbaijan.pdf |title=Table FBP-1. Profile of Selected Demographic and Social Characteristics |work=Census 2000 Special Tabulations (STP-159) |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=7 September 2011}}</ref><br>'''40,400'''<ref name="Iranian-American Community Survey Results"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111125033802/http://web.mit.edu/isg/survey.htm |date=2011-11-25 }}. Web.mit.edu. Retrieved 28 November 2011.</ref> (])
|langs = ], ], ], ], ]
| langs = ], ], ], ]
|rels = Predominately ]
| religions = Predominantly ]
|related =
| related = ], ], ], ], ], ]}}
|image = ]]<br />
{{Azerbaijanis}}
|caption = ] • ] <br /> ] • ] <br />
}}


'''Azerbaijani Americans''' ({{lang-az|Amerikalı azərbaycanlılar}}), or '''Azeri-Americans''', are ] citizens and permanent residents of ethnic ] background, or those who were born in Azerbaijan. Most Azerbaijani-Americans have immigrated to the United States from the ], ],<ref></ref><ref> ({{retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-23}})</ref><ref> ({{retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-23}})</ref> ] or ]. '''Azerbaijani Americans''' are ] of full or partial ]. Most Azerbaijani Americans have immigrated to the United States from ] and ], with smaller amounts from ], ], ] and ].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OWMyFWAZLCwC&pg=PA102|title=Central Asia and the Caucasus|isbn=9780203495827|access-date=17 March 2015|last1=Atabaki|first1=Touraj|last2=Mehendale|first2=Sanjyot|date=December 2004|publisher=Taylor & Francis }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationinformation.org/feature/display.cfm?ID=424|title=Iran: A Vast Diaspora Abroad and Millions of Refugees at Home|work=migrationpolicy.org|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="chicagohistory">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/650.html|title=Iranians|publisher=encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org|access-date=27 August 2015}}</ref>


==History== ==History==
The earliest identified immigrant from Azerbaijan to the United States was Merza Ali Akbar, resident of ] who arrived at ] on the ] in June 1912.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ellisisland.org/search/passRecord.asp?pID=100922060350&MID=19580977840903421152& |title=Passenger Record: Merza Ali Akbar |author=Ellis Island Immigration Station |date=Jun 7, 1912 |work= |publisher=The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, Inc. |accessdate=2011-09-07}}</ref> The earliest identified immigrant from Azerbaijan to the United States was Merza Ali Akbar, resident of ] who arrived at ] on the {{RMS|Mauretania|1906|6}} in June 1912.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ellisisland.org/search/passRecord.asp?pID=100922060350&MID=19580977840903421152& |title=Passenger Record: Merza Ali Akbar |author=Ellis Island Immigration Station |date=June 7, 1912 |publisher=The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, Inc. |access-date=7 September 2011}}</ref>


The first major wave of Azerbaijanis came to the U.S. in 1940s and 1950s, as many Azerbaijani ]s and ] left parts of Europe during and after ]. Among those were also a number of expatriates, who fled to ], ] or parts of Europe upon the ], and in 1950s and 1960s, moved to the United States in pursuit of better economic opportunities. This wave of Azerbaijani immigrants settled mainly in ] and vicinities, which hosts the largest population of Azerbaijani-Americans, in Northern ] and ]; and later in ], ] and ], especially in ] area. In 1957, a group of these Azerbaijani settlers in ] founded the Azerbaijan Society of America, a first Azerbaijani-American community organization.<ref name="Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups">{{cite book |title=Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups |last=Thernstrom |first=Stephan |authorlink= |coauthors=Orlov, Ann et al. |year=1980 |publisher=Harvard University Press |location= |isbn=0674375122 |page=171 |pages= |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=npQ6Hd3G4kgC&pg=PA171&dq=azerbaijanis&sig=ACfU3U3-6XHyH2-tykubUP1o63KUIXLMvw#PPA171,M1 |accessdate=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Sons of the conquerors: The rise of the Turkic world |last=Pope |first=Hugh |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2005 |publisher=Overlook Duckworth |location= |isbn=9781585676415 |page=371 |pages= |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=nC5tAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Azerbaijan+Society+of+America%22 |accessdate=}}</ref> By 1980 there were around 200 families that identified themselves as Azerbaijani in the United States, with about 80% of them being ].<ref name="Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups"/> In ], ] and Baku established the first sister-city association between the cities in the U.S. and Azerbaijan. It was followed with a sister city between ], ] and Baku in 1988<ref></ref>, Newark, New Jersey and Ganja (second largest city in Azerbaijan) in the early 2000's, and Monterey, California and Lankaran in 2011.<ref> The first major wave of Azerbaijanis came to the U.S. in 1940s and 1950s, as many Azerbaijani ]s and ] left the ] and Iran during and after World War II. Among those were also a number of ]s, who fled to Turkey, Iran or parts of Europe upon the ], and in 1950s and 1960s, moved to the United States in pursuit of better economic opportunities. This wave of Azerbaijani immigrants settled mainly in ] and its ], which hosts the largest population of Azerbaijani-Americans, in Northern ] and ]; and later in ], ], and ], especially in ] area where there is a large ], many of whom are Iranian Azerbaijanis. In 1957, a group of these Azerbaijani settlers in New Jersey founded the Azerbaijan Society of America, a first Azerbaijani-American community organization.<ref name="Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups">{{cite encyclopedia|editor-last=Thernstrom|editor-first=Stephan|editor-link=Stephan Thernstrom|editor-last2=Orlov|editor-first2=Ann|editor-last3=Handlin|editor-first3=Oscar|editor-link3=Oscar Handlin|title=Azerbaijanis|page=171|encyclopedia=Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups|url=https://archive.org/details/harvardencyclope00ther|year=1980|publisher=]|isbn=0674375122|oclc=1038430174}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Sons of the conquerors: The rise of the Turkic world |last=Pope |first=Hugh |year=2005 |publisher=Overlook Duckworth |isbn=978-1-58567-641-5 |page=371 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nC5tAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Azerbaijan+Society+of+America%22 }}</ref> By 1980 there were around 200 families that identified themselves as Azerbaijani in the United States, with about 80% of them being ].<ref name="Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups"/> In 1976, ] and Baku established the first sister-city association between the cities in the U.S. and Azerbaijan. It was followed with a sister city between ], Hawaii and Baku in 1988,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hawaii.gov/dbedt/oia/voia-sister-states|title=Department of Business, Economic Development & Tourism|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref> Newark, New Jersey and Ganja (second largest city in Azerbaijan) in the early 2000s (decade), and Monterey, California and Lankaran in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.monterey.org/Portals/1/newsroom/2011releases/lankaran110621.pdf |title=City of Monterey, California and Lankaran, Azerbaijan establish Sister City relations |access-date=2011-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001224207/http://monterey.org/Portals/1/newsroom/2011releases/lankaran110621.pdf |archive-date=2011-10-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
</ref>


==Demographics== ==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
According to the 2000 U.S. census, there were an estimated 14,205 Americans born in the ],<ref name="Census2000-STP" /> out of which 5,530 were naturalized U.S. Citizens<ref name="Census2000-STP" /> and 5,553 identified themselves as Azerbaijani in a primary or a secondary ancestry.<ref name="Census2000-ancestry">{{cite web |url=http://www.census.gov/population/socdemo/ancestry/ancestry_q_by_DAC_2000.xls |title=Table 1. First, Second, and Total Responses to the Ancestry Question |author= |date= |work=Census 2000 PHC-T-43 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=2011-09-07}}</ref> Census 2000 did not count Azerbaijani-Americans born in countries other than the ].
|align = left
|type = Azerbaijan
|title = Immigrants from Azerbaijan to the United States
|footnote =
|2001|946
|2002|1,187
|2003|886
|2004|793
|2005|904
|2006|997
|2007|606
|2008|834
|2009|1,005
|2010|1,233
|source = <ref name="dhs">{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/NatzProfiles/2003/COBBook7.xls |title= U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2003 |publisher=dhs.gov|access-date=27 August 2015}}</ref><ref name="dhs2">{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/NatzProfiles/2004/COBBook7.xls |title= U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2004 |publisher=dhs.gov|access-date=27 August 2015}}</ref><ref name="dhs3">{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/NatzProfiles/2005/COBBook7.xls |title=U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2005 |publisher=dhs.gov|access-date=27 August 2015}}</ref><ref name="dhs4">{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/NatzProfiles/2006/COBBook7.xls |title= U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2006 |publisher=dhs.gov|access-date=27 August 2015}}</ref><ref name="dhs5">{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/NatzProfiles/2007/cobbook7.xls |title= U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2007 |publisher=dhs.gov|access-date=27 August 2015}}</ref><ref name="dhs6">{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/NatzProfiles/2008/cobbook23.xls |title= U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2008 |publisher=dhs.gov|access-date=27 August 2015}}</ref><ref name="dhs7">{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/NatzProfiles/2009/cobbook22.xls |title= U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2009 |publisher=dhs.gov|access-date=27 August 2015}}</ref><ref name="dhs8">{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/NatzProfiles/2010/cobbook23.xls |title= U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2010 |publisher=dhs.gov|access-date=27 August 2015}}</ref>
}}
According to the 2000 U.S. census, there were an estimated 14,205 Americans born in ],<ref name="Census2000-STP" /> out of which 5,530 were naturalized U.S. Citizens<ref name="Census2000-STP" /> and 5,553 identified themselves as Azerbaijani of either primary or secondary ancestry.<ref name="Census2000-ancestry">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/socdemo/ancestry/ancestry_q_by_DAC_2000.xls |title=Table 1. First, Second, and Total Responses to the Ancestry Question |work=Census 2000 PHC-T-43 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=7 September 2011}}</ref> Census 2000 did not count Azerbaijani-Americans born in countries other than Azerbaijan.


According to the ] (DHS), in 2001-2010, a total of 9,391 people from the ] were naturalized as U.S. citizens. The table below presents the distribution for each year between 2001 and 2010: According to the ] (DHS), in 2001–2010, a total of 9,391 people from Azerbaijan were naturalized as U.S. citizens. The table here presents the distribution for each year between 2001 and 2010.


These statistics do not include the ] (green card holders) who numbered 781 in 2010,<ref name="dhs9">{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/ImmProfiles/2010/cobbook22.xls |title= U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Legal Permanent Residents from Azerbaijan in 2010 |publisher=dhs.gov|access-date=27 August 2015}}</ref> refugees, legal non-immigrant aliens (temporary visitors) who numbered 4,938 in 2009, as well as a very large number of ethnic Azerbaijanis born in other countries, such as Iran, Russia and Turkey. Thus, based only on Census 2000 and DHS data, the official estimate of the U.S. citizens born in Azerbaijan is approximately 14,944, and the number of U.S. residents born in Azerbaijan is approximately 24,377, minus the natural decline.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! U.S. Citizens
|-
| 2001 || 946
|-
| 2002 || 1,187
|-
| 2003 || 886 <ref></ref>
|-
| 2004 || 793 <ref></ref>
|-
| 2005 || 904 <ref></ref>
|-
| 2006 || 997 <ref></ref>
|-
| 2007 || 606 <ref></ref>
|-
| 2008 || 834 <ref></ref>
|-
| 2009 || 1,005 <ref></ref>
|-
| 2010 || 1,233 <ref></ref>
|}


According to the U.S. ] data, the Azerbaijanis who immigrated from Azerbaijan have settled primarily in ] (12,540), ] (4,357), ] (3,178), ] (2,743), and ] (1,559). There is also a sizeable ] population in Brooklyn.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hadassahmagazine.org/2008/01/14/feature-mountain-jews-brooklyn/|title = Feature: The Mountain Jews of Brooklyn|date = 14 January 2008}}</ref>
These statistics do not include the ] (green card holders) who numbered 781 in 2010,<ref></ref> refugees, legal non-immigrant aliens (temporary visitors) who numbered 4,938 in 2009, as well as a very large number of ethnic Azerbaijanis born in other countries, such as ], ], and ]. Thus, based only on Census 2000 and DHS data, the official estimate of the U.S. citizens born in the ] is approximately 14,944, and the number of U.S. residents born in Azerbaijan is approximately 24,377, minus the natural decline.


==Socio-political activity==
The 2010 U.S. Census results, to be released by the end of 2011, will reflect the more current official estimate on the number of Azerbaijanis-Americans in the U.S. According to studies and research, including by the U.S. Census Bureau and other state and local government authorities, ethnic communities in the U.S. are still underestimated by censuses mostly due to poor participation, assimilation or misclassification.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.civilrights.org/census/education-kit/reasons-behind.html |title=Reasons Behind Inaccuracies in the Census |year=2010 |work=Census 2010 Education Kit |publisher=The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights |accessdate=2011-09-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=State officials say census undercounts California by 1.5 million |author= |first=Kitty |last=Felde |authorlink= |date=Dec 31, 2010 |url=http://www.scpr.org/news/2010/12/31/22261/state-officials-say-census-undercounts-california-/ |format= |agency=KPCC - Southern California Public Radio |newspaper= |publisher= |location= |isbn= |accessdate=2011-09-07 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Making Census Of It: Brooklyn Officials Claim 2010 Census Undercounted Borough |author= |first=Jeanine|last=Ramirez |authorlink= |date=Jun 12, 2011 |url=http://www.ny1.com/content/top_stories/140831/making-census-of-it--brooklyn-officials-claim-2010-census-undercounted-borough |format= |agency=NY1 News |newspaper= |publisher=Time Warner Cable |location= |isbn= |accessdate=2011-09-07}}</ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref> Azerbaijani-Americans appear not to be an exception from this trend, especially since they reside in states affected by the undercount, such as California and New York, as both unofficial and semi-official estimates show that there are more Azerbaijanis living in the United States than reported in the 2000 Census. According to various U.S. government and independent, private and public academic and non-profit organizations' reports, including the Voice of America,<ref name="voa">{{cite news |title=US Azerbaijanis work to keep traditions alive |author= |first=Mike |last=O'Sullivan |authorlink= |url=http://www.irex.org/system/files/Baghirova_VOA.pdf |format= |agency=Voice of America |newspaper= |publisher= |location=Los Angeles |date= October 24, 2006}}</ref> the ] Borough of New York,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.azeris.org/images/proclamations/May28_BrooklynNY_2011.JPG |title=On the 93rd anniversary of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic |last1=Markowitz |first1=Marty |last2= |first2= |date=May 28, 2011 |work=Proclamation by President of the Borough of Brooklyn |publisher= }}</ref> the ],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.azeris.org/images/proclamations/May28_Missouri_LtGov_2008.pdf |title=Azerbaijani National Day - May 28 |last1=Kinder |first1=Peter D. |last2= |first2= |date=May 28, 2008 |work=Declaration by the Lt Governor of Missouri |publisher= }}</ref> the Arlington County of Virginia,<ref></ref>, the ]<ref>{{cite news |title=Azerbaijan: Diaspora Organization Tries to Counter Armenian-American Influence in Washington |first=Jessica |last=Powley Hayden |url=http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insightb/articles/eav050809c.shtml |newspaper=Eurasianet |date=May 7, 2009 |accessdate=}}</ref>, University of California Los Angeles,<ref name="dailybruin">{{cite news |title=Azerbaijan deserves U.S. public attention |first=Jennifer |last=Mishory |url=http://www.dailybruin.com/index.php/article/2006/10/iazerbaijan-deserves-us-public |newspaper=UCLA Daily Bruin |publisher=University of California Los Angeles |date=October 22, 2006 |accessdate=August 18, 2011}}</ref> the U.S. Census Bureau partners, Azerbaijani-American Council<ref name="dailybruin" /><ref name="newsazaac">{{cite news |title=Azerbaijani-American Council partners with U.S. Census Bureau |author= |first= |last= |url=http://www.news.az/articles/5620 |format= |agency=News.Az |newspaper= |publisher= |location= |isbn= |issn= |oclc= |pmid= |pmd= |bibcode= |doi= |id= |date=28 Dec 2009 |page= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://2010.census.gov/partners/partners/current-partners.php?A |title=Current Census Partners (A) |author= |year=2010 |work= |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=21 August 2011}}</ref> and the U.S. Azeris Network,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://2010.census.gov/partners/partners/current-partners.php?U |title=Current Census Partners (U) |author= |year=2010 |work= |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=21 August 2011}}</ref> articles in the U.S. press<ref>{{cite news |title=Muslims celebrate national holiday |author= |first=Heydar |last=Qasimov |url=http://www.fuquay-varinaindependent.com/pages/full_story/push?article-Muslims+celebrate+national+holiday%20&id=7470429&instance=news_special_coverage_right_column |format= |agency= |newspaper=Fuquay-Varina Independent |publisher= |location=North Carolina |date=May 28, 2010 |page= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Obama, recognize us |author= |first=Emin |last=Hajiyev |authorlink= |url=http://www.stlamerican.com/reader_interaction/letters_to_the_editor/article_a906f9d6-4a8f-11e0-9d87-001cc4c03286.html |agency= |newspaper=St. Louis American |publisher= |location=Missouri |date=March 9, 2011 |page= }}</ref> and scholars,<ref>{{cite book |title=The Caucasian Republics |last=Kaeter |first=Margaret |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2004 |publisher=Infobase Publishing |location= |isbn=9780816052684 |page= |pages=74 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=DHCVPqlsmvgC&pg=PA74 |quote=''Many Azerbaijanis also spread around the world. There are nearly 1 million in Russia and another 400,000 in the United States''}}</ref><ref></ref> the number of Azerbaijani Americans living in the United States was at least 400,000 in 2004, with estimates ranging from 300,000<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Goble |first1=Paul |last2= |first2= |date=Feb 15, 2008 |title=Azerbaijanis outside of Azerbaijan: emigres, diasporas and national minorities |journal=ADA Biweekly Newsletter |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=7 |publisher=Azerbaijani Diplomatic Academy |doi= |url=http://www.azembassy.ca/ada/2008/ADA_8102.pdf |accessdate= }}
] in June 2022]]
</ref> to up to 500,000.<ref name="voa" />
The first mention of the nascent Azerbaijani-Americans in the U.S. political life appears in the 1990 issue of ''The Economist''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_sBIAAAAYAAJ&q=impossible+for+the+administration+to+state+openly|title=The Economist|year=1990|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref> By the late 1990s, the Azerbaijani-Americans became more active in the American sociopolitical life, including the U.S. Congress,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cheney |first1=Richard B. |editor1-first=Solveig |editor1-last=Singleton |editor2-first=Daniel T. |editor2-last=Griswold |title=Economic casualties: how U.S. foreign policy undermines trade, growth, and liberty |year=1999 |publisher=CATO Institute |location=Washington, D.C. |isbn=978-1-882577-74-3 |page= |chapter=Defending Liberty in a Global Economy |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xa8-tPNf0UMC&pg=PA24 |url=https://archive.org/details/economiccasualti00solv_0/page/24 }}</ref> mainly advocating Azerbaijani interests in the ].<ref>{{cite book |title=The dynamics of American ethnic, religious, and racial group life: an interdisciplinary overview |last=Perlmutter |first=Philip |year=1996 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-275-95533-5 |page=66 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vm9QEMGt8ewC&pg=PA66 }}</ref> By 2002, the Azerbaijani-Americans became active enough to be mentioned in the speeches in the U.S. Congress.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_PcdAAAAMAAJ&q=%22azerbaijani-americans%22|title=Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations ... - United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs - Google Books|year=2002|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref> In 2004, a group of Congressmen founded the Congressional Azerbaijan Caucus in the U.S. House of Representatives.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/search/citation.result.CREC.action?congressionalRecord.volume=157&congressionalRecord.pagePrefix=E&congressionalRecord.pageNumber=973&publication=CREC |title=Honoring the Republic of Azerbaijan on its 93rd anniversary of "Republic Day": Statement by Hon. Dan Boren of Oklahoma |first=Dan |last=Boren |date=May 26, 2011 |work=Congressional Record, Extension of Remarks |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |page=E973 }}</ref> By 2011, the Azerbaijani-Americans have been honored in several U.S. legislative bills and resolutions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/bills/bills_125th/billtexts/SP051201.asp|title=SP0512, item 1, JOINT RESOLUTION HONORING THE AZERBAIJAN COMMUNITY OF MAINE|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref>

According to the U.S. ] data, the Azerbaijanis who immigrated from ] have settled primarily in ] (12,540), ] (4,357), ] (3,178), ] (2,743), and ] (1,559).

==Socio-political Activity==
The first mention of the nascent Azerbaijani-Americans in the U.S. political life appears in the 1990 issue of The Economist.<ref></ref> By the late 1990s, the Azerbaijani-Americans became more active in the American sociopolitical life, including the U.S. Congress,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cheney |first1=Richard B. |authorlink1= |last2= |first2=Daniel T. |authorlink2= |coauthors= |editor1-first=Solveig |editor1-last=Singleton |editor2-first=Daniel T. |editor2-last=Griswold |others= |title=Economic casualties: how U.S. foreign policy undermines trade, growth, and liberty |trans_title= |url= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |format= |accessdate= |type= |edition= |series= |volume= |date= |year=1999 |month= |origyear= |publisher=CATO Institute |location=Washington, D.C. |language= |isbn=9781882577743 |oclc= |doi= |id= |page=24 |pages= |at= |trans_chapter= |chapter=Defending Liberty in a Global Economy |chapterurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=Xa8-tPNf0UMC&pg=PA24 |quote= |ref= |bibcode= |laysummary= |laydate= |separator= |postscript= |lastauthoramp=}}</ref> mainly advocating Azerbaijani interests in the ].<ref>{{cite book |title=The dynamics of American ethnic, religious, and racial group life: an interdisciplinary overview |last=Perlmutter |first=Philip |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1996 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |location= |isbn=9780275955335 |page=66 |pages= |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Vm9QEMGt8ewC&pg=PA66 |accessdate=}}</ref> By 2002, the Azerbaijani-Americans became active enough to be mentioned in the speeches in the U.S. Congress.<ref></ref> In 2004, a group of Congressmen founded the Congressional Azerbaijan Caucus in the U.S. House of Representatives.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/search/citation.result.CREC.action?congressionalRecord.volume=157&congressionalRecord.pagePrefix=E&congressionalRecord.pageNumber=973&publication=CREC |title=Honoring the Republic of Azerbaijan on its 93rd anniversary of "Republic Day": Statement by Hon. Dan Boren of Oklahoma |first=Dan |last=Boren |author= |authorlink= |coauthors= |date=May 26, 2011 |month= |year= |work=Congressional Record, Extension of Remarks |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |location= |page=E973 |pages= }}</ref> By 2011, the Azerbaijani-Americans have been honored in several U.S. legislative bills and resolutions.<ref></ref>


==Azerbaijani-themed parks, streets and monuments== ==Azerbaijani-themed parks, streets and monuments==


The Azerbaijan Garden, a park, was dedicated on May 12, 2008, in ], ]. Khanlar Gasimov's sculpture, "Hearth," stands at the center of the Garden. Made of polished stainless steel, the bowl-shaped sculpture allows viewers to see the reflection of the earth and sky in its exterior and interior curves. <ref></ref> The Azerbaijani Garden is part of the Cleveland Cultural Gardens, which was opened in 1916, along Doan Brook in Cleveland’s Rockefeller Park. The opening of the garden was celebrated by Congressman Dennis Kucinich.<ref>[http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CREC-2008-05-07/pdf/CREC-2008-05-07-pt1-PgE843-2.pdf IN HONOR OF THE AZERBAIJANI CULTURAL GARDEN, HON. DENNIS J. KUCINICH OF OHIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, The Azerbaijan Garden, a park, was dedicated on May 12, 2008, in ], ]. Khanlar Gasimov's sculpture "Hearth" stands at the center of the Garden. Made of polished stainless steel, the bowl-shaped sculpture allows viewers to see the reflection of the earth and sky in its exterior and interior curves.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/128|title=Azerbaijan Cultural Garden - Cleveland Historical|work=Cleveland Historical|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref> The Azerbaijani Garden is part of the Cleveland Cultural Gardens, which was opened in 1916, along Doan Brook in Cleveland's Rockefeller Park. The opening of the garden was celebrated by Congressman ].<ref name="gpo">{{cite web|url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CREC-2008-05-07/pdf/CREC-2008-05-07-pt1-PgE843-2.pdf |title= IN HONOR OF THE AZERBAIJANI CULTURAL GARDEN, HON. DENNIS J. KUCINICH OF OHIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Wednesday, May 7, 2008 |publisher=gpo.gov|access-date=27 August 2015}}</ref>
Wednesday, May 7, 2008]</ref>


==TV, radio, media and newspapers== ==TV, radio, media and newspapers==
* (TV broadcast from Chicago via satellite and Internet, in Azerbaijani only) *] (TV broadcast from Chicago via satellite and Internet, in Azerbaijani language only)
* (radio on WUST 1120AM in Baltimore and Washington DC and via Internet, in Azerbaijani and English) * (Weekly at Sunday noon radio on ] 1120AM in Baltimore and Washington DC and via Internet, iTunes and RSS feed in English)
* (Los Angeles based quarterly magazine published since 1993, in English) * (Los Angeles–based quarterly magazine published since 1993, in English)
*Azerbaijan Review (monthly newspaper published in New York since 2007, in Azerbaijani, Russian and English) *''Azerbaijan Review'' (monthly newspaper published in New York since 2007, in Azerbaijani, Russian and English)
*Caspian Crossroads (Washington D.C.-based quarterly journal published since 1996, in English) *''Caspian Crossroads'' (Washington D.C.–based quarterly journal published since 1996, in English)


==Notable people==
==Prominent Azerbaijani-Americans==
* ], Soviet and Azerbaijani soprano
===Sciences===
* ], Azerbaijani-American painter
*]
* ], philosopher, physicist, mathematician
*]
* ], former ] translator and founder of the ] (NSWBC)

* ], Iranian artist
===Arts===
* ], academic
*]
* ], Soviet-Azerbaijani screenwriter, dramatist and producer
*]
* ], professor of physics, inventor of gas laser, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

* ], Azerbaijani-born Iranian-American actor and producer
===Military and defense===
* ], composer, singer, and writer, born in Baku
*]<ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref>
* ], Iranian-American advisor to the Iranian President ]

* ], basketball player for the Azerbaijani national team
===Business and politics===
* ], businessman
*Rob Sobhani<ref></ref>
* ], physicist
*Michael Hoomani<ref></ref>
* ], professor of history and political science

* ], conductor, cellist
===Sports===
* ], pianist
*Emil and Rufat ("Baku Brothers")<ref>[http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1997-08-08/sports/1997220134_1_kos-emil-rufat
* ], Iranian musician
Lem Satterfield, Emil Baku wins by knockout Rufat earns majority draw, The Baltimore Sun, August 08, 1997]</ref><ref></ref>
* ], Azerbaijani-born American author

* ], Senior Vice President of ] for ]
===Other===
* ], Iranian actor
*Sona Babai - fourth oldest person in the American history to ever naturalize<ref></ref>
* ], American pioneer in the sociology of gender
* ], founder of '']'' magazine
* ], theoretical physicist
* ], Azerbaijani-American lawyer, presenter and model
* ], singer
* ], mathematician, electrical engineer and computer scientist, University of California, Berkeley
* ], artist
* ], scientist
* ], criminal defense attorney
* ], American pianist
* ], American film director and producer
* ] is an Azerbaijani biomedical engineer.
* ] American contemporary visual artist
* ] professor
* ] pop singer
* ] classical guitarist
* ] wrestler
* ] philosopher


==See also== ==See also==
{{Portal|Azerbaijan|United States}}
*]
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
*]
*] *]
*]
*]
* ] *]
{{div col end}}
* ]
* ]


==References== ==References==
{{reflist|2}} {{reflist|30em}}
== Further reading==
* Waitman, Grace. "Azerbaijani Americans." ''Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America'', edited by Thomas Riggs, 3rd ed., vol. 1, Gale, 2014, pp. 203-210.


{{Demographics of the United States}}
{{European Americans}} {{European Americans}}
{{Azerbaijani diaspora}}
{{Middle Eastern American}}

{{Demographics of the United States}}

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Latest revision as of 00:38, 24 November 2024

This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (February 2024)
Ethnic group
Azerbaijani Americans
Amerikalı Azərbaycanlılar
Total population
14,205
40,400 (Iranian Azerbaijanis)
Regions with significant populations
New York metropolitan area, Greater Houston, San Francisco Bay area, Greater Los Angeles, New Jersey, Chicago Metropolitan Area, Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex
Languages
Azerbaijani, American English, Persian, Russian
Religion
Predominantly Shia Islam
Related ethnic groups
Azerbaijani Canadians, Azerbaijani Australians, Turkish Americans, Turkmen Americans, Iranian Americans, Georgian Americans
Part of a series on
Azerbaijanis
Culture
Traditional areas of settlement
Diaspora
Religion
Language
Persecution

Azerbaijani Americans are Americans of full or partial Azerbaijani descent. Most Azerbaijani Americans have immigrated to the United States from Azerbaijan and Iran, with smaller amounts from Georgia, Russia, Turkey and Ukraine.

History

The earliest identified immigrant from Azerbaijan to the United States was Merza Ali Akbar, resident of Baku who arrived at Ellis Island on the RMS Mauretania in June 1912.

The first major wave of Azerbaijanis came to the U.S. in 1940s and 1950s, as many Azerbaijani émigrés and POWs left the Soviet Union and Iran during and after World War II. Among those were also a number of expatriates, who fled to Turkey, Iran or parts of Europe upon the Soviet occupation of Azerbaijan in 1920, and in 1950s and 1960s, moved to the United States in pursuit of better economic opportunities. This wave of Azerbaijani immigrants settled mainly in New York City and its metropolitan area, which hosts the largest population of Azerbaijani-Americans, in Northern New Jersey and Massachusetts; and later in Florida, Texas, and California, especially in Los Angeles area where there is a large Iranian community, many of whom are Iranian Azerbaijanis. In 1957, a group of these Azerbaijani settlers in New Jersey founded the Azerbaijan Society of America, a first Azerbaijani-American community organization. By 1980 there were around 200 families that identified themselves as Azerbaijani in the United States, with about 80% of them being endogamic. In 1976, Houston and Baku established the first sister-city association between the cities in the U.S. and Azerbaijan. It was followed with a sister city between Honolulu, Hawaii and Baku in 1988, Newark, New Jersey and Ganja (second largest city in Azerbaijan) in the early 2000s (decade), and Monterey, California and Lankaran in 2011.

Demographics

Immigrants from Azerbaijan to the United States
YearPop.±%
2001946—    
20021,187+25.5%
2003886−25.4%
2004793−10.5%
2005904+14.0%
2006997+10.3%
2007606−39.2%
2008834+37.6%
20091,005+20.5%
20101,233+22.7%
Source:

According to the 2000 U.S. census, there were an estimated 14,205 Americans born in Azerbaijan, out of which 5,530 were naturalized U.S. Citizens and 5,553 identified themselves as Azerbaijani of either primary or secondary ancestry. Census 2000 did not count Azerbaijani-Americans born in countries other than Azerbaijan.

According to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), in 2001–2010, a total of 9,391 people from Azerbaijan were naturalized as U.S. citizens. The table here presents the distribution for each year between 2001 and 2010.

These statistics do not include the legal permanent residents (green card holders) who numbered 781 in 2010, refugees, legal non-immigrant aliens (temporary visitors) who numbered 4,938 in 2009, as well as a very large number of ethnic Azerbaijanis born in other countries, such as Iran, Russia and Turkey. Thus, based only on Census 2000 and DHS data, the official estimate of the U.S. citizens born in Azerbaijan is approximately 14,944, and the number of U.S. residents born in Azerbaijan is approximately 24,377, minus the natural decline.

According to the U.S. Census 2000 data, the Azerbaijanis who immigrated from Azerbaijan have settled primarily in New York (12,540), New Jersey (4,357), Texas (3,178), California (2,743), and Minnesota (1,559). There is also a sizeable Mountain Jewish population in Brooklyn.

Socio-political activity

The Azerbaijan Flag Raising at San Jose City Hall in June 2022

The first mention of the nascent Azerbaijani-Americans in the U.S. political life appears in the 1990 issue of The Economist. By the late 1990s, the Azerbaijani-Americans became more active in the American sociopolitical life, including the U.S. Congress, mainly advocating Azerbaijani interests in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. By 2002, the Azerbaijani-Americans became active enough to be mentioned in the speeches in the U.S. Congress. In 2004, a group of Congressmen founded the Congressional Azerbaijan Caucus in the U.S. House of Representatives. By 2011, the Azerbaijani-Americans have been honored in several U.S. legislative bills and resolutions.

Azerbaijani-themed parks, streets and monuments

The Azerbaijan Garden, a park, was dedicated on May 12, 2008, in Cleveland, Ohio. Khanlar Gasimov's sculpture "Hearth" stands at the center of the Garden. Made of polished stainless steel, the bowl-shaped sculpture allows viewers to see the reflection of the earth and sky in its exterior and interior curves. The Azerbaijani Garden is part of the Cleveland Cultural Gardens, which was opened in 1916, along Doan Brook in Cleveland's Rockefeller Park. The opening of the garden was celebrated by Congressman Dennis Kucinich.

TV, radio, media and newspapers

  • Gunaz TV (TV broadcast from Chicago via satellite and Internet, in Azerbaijani language only)
  • Azerbaijani Radio Hour (Weekly at Sunday noon radio on WUST 1120AM in Baltimore and Washington DC and via Internet, iTunes and RSS feed in English)
  • Azerbaijan International (Los Angeles–based quarterly magazine published since 1993, in English)
  • Azerbaijan Review (monthly newspaper published in New York since 2007, in Azerbaijani, Russian and English)
  • Caspian Crossroads (Washington D.C.–based quarterly journal published since 1996, in English)

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ "Table FBP-1. Profile of Selected Demographic and Social Characteristics" (PDF). Census 2000 Special Tabulations (STP-159). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
  2. Iranian Studies Group at MIT, Iranian-American Community Survey Results, 2005 Archived 2011-11-25 at the Wayback Machine. Web.mit.edu. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  3. "Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2012 Supplemental Table 2". U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
  4. "Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2011 Supplemental Table 2". U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
  5. "Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2010 Supplemental Table 2". U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
  6. "U.S. Azeris Network (USAN): uniting Azerbaijani-American voters - USAN Press Release". Archived from the original on 11 March 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  7. Atabaki, Touraj; Mehendale, Sanjyot (December 2004). Central Asia and the Caucasus. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9780203495827. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  8. "Iran: A Vast Diaspora Abroad and Millions of Refugees at Home". migrationpolicy.org. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  9. "Iranians". encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  10. Ellis Island Immigration Station (June 7, 1912). "Passenger Record: Merza Ali Akbar". The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, Inc. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
  11. ^ Thernstrom, Stephan; Orlov, Ann; Handlin, Oscar, eds. (1980). "Azerbaijanis". Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups. Harvard University Press. p. 171. ISBN 0674375122. OCLC 1038430174.
  12. Pope, Hugh (2005). Sons of the conquerors: The rise of the Turkic world. Overlook Duckworth. p. 371. ISBN 978-1-58567-641-5.
  13. "Department of Business, Economic Development & Tourism". Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  14. "City of Monterey, California and Lankaran, Azerbaijan establish Sister City relations" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-01. Retrieved 2011-09-13.
  15. "U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2003". dhs.gov. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  16. "U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2004". dhs.gov. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  17. "U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2005". dhs.gov. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  18. "U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2006". dhs.gov. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  19. "U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2007". dhs.gov. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  20. "U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2008". dhs.gov. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  21. "U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2009". dhs.gov. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  22. "U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Naturalized U.S. citizens from Azerbaijan in 2010". dhs.gov. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  23. "Table 1. First, Second, and Total Responses to the Ancestry Question". Census 2000 PHC-T-43. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
  24. "U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Legal Permanent Residents from Azerbaijan in 2010". dhs.gov. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  25. "Feature: The Mountain Jews of Brooklyn". 14 January 2008.
  26. The Economist. 1990. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  27. Cheney, Richard B. (1999). "Defending Liberty in a Global Economy". In Singleton, Solveig; Griswold, Daniel T. (eds.). Economic casualties: how U.S. foreign policy undermines trade, growth, and liberty. Washington, D.C.: CATO Institute. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-882577-74-3.
  28. Perlmutter, Philip (1996). The dynamics of American ethnic, religious, and racial group life: an interdisciplinary overview. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-275-95533-5.
  29. Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations ... - United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs - Google Books. 2002. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  30. Boren, Dan (May 26, 2011). "Honoring the Republic of Azerbaijan on its 93rd anniversary of "Republic Day": Statement by Hon. Dan Boren of Oklahoma". Congressional Record, Extension of Remarks. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. E973.
  31. "SP0512, item 1, JOINT RESOLUTION HONORING THE AZERBAIJAN COMMUNITY OF MAINE". Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  32. "Azerbaijan Cultural Garden - Cleveland Historical". Cleveland Historical. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  33. "IN HONOR OF THE AZERBAIJANI CULTURAL GARDEN, HON. DENNIS J. KUCINICH OF OHIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Wednesday, May 7, 2008" (PDF). gpo.gov. Retrieved 27 August 2015.

Further reading

  • Waitman, Grace. "Azerbaijani Americans." Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America, edited by Thomas Riggs, 3rd ed., vol. 1, Gale, 2014, pp. 203-210. online
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