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| '''Herod’s Palace''' may refer to any of several palace-fortresses built (or rebuilt from previous fortresses) during the reign of ], King of Judea from 37 BC to 4 BC. Mostly in ruins today, several have been excavated. | |||
| {{Infobox building | |||
| | name = Herod's Palace | |||
| | native_name = | |||
| | native_name_lang = | |||
| | former_names = | |||
| | alternate_names = | |||
| | status = | |||
| | image = ] | |||
| | image_alt = | |||
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| | map_type = | |||
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| | altitude = | |||
| | building_type = Palace | |||
| | architectural_style = | |||
| | structural_system = | |||
| | cost = | |||
| | ren_cost = | |||
| | client = | |||
| | owner = Herod the Great | |||
| | current_tenants = | |||
| | landlord = | |||
| | location = Herodium | |||
| | address = | |||
| | location_town = | |||
| | location_country = Israel | |||
| | iso_region = | |||
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| | longEW = | |||
| | coordinates = | |||
| | groundbreaking_date = | |||
| | start_date = | |||
| | completion_date = | |||
| | opened_date = 23-15 BCE <ref>{{cite web|title=King Herod's Palace and Refuge|url=http://www.parks.org.il/BuildaGate5/general2/data_card.php?Cat=~25~~984422214|publisher=Israel Nature and Parks Authority|accessdate=1 December 2011}}</ref> | |||
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| | renovation_date = | |||
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| | antenna_spire = | |||
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| | architecture_firm = | |||
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| | other_designers = | |||
| | quantity_surveyor = | |||
| | awards = | |||
| | designations = | |||
| | ren_architect = | |||
| | ren_firm = | |||
| | ren_str_engineer = | |||
| | ren_serv_engineer = | |||
| | ren_civ_engineer = | |||
| | ren_oth_designers = | |||
| | ren_qty_surveyor = | |||
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| | url = | |||
| | embedded = | |||
| | references = | |||
| }} | |||
| ==Herod's Palace== | |||
| ]’s palace is located within the fortress of ], about 12 kilometers south of ]. Herod himself commissioned a lavish palace to be built between 23 and 15 BCE atop Herodium for all to see. The palace itself consisted of four towers of seven stories, a bathhouse, courtyards, a Roman theatre, banquet rooms, a large walkway (“the course”), as well as extravagant living quarters for himself and guests. Once Herod died and the ] started, Herodium was abandoned. The Jews eventually had a base at Herodium where they built a synagogue which can still be seen today, unlike much of Herod’s Palace.<ref>{{cite web|title=King Herod's Palace and Refuge|url=http://www.parks.org.il/BuildaGate5/general2/data_card.php?Cat=~25~~984422214|publisher=Israel Nature and Parks Authority|accessdate=1 December 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|title=Herodium - King Herod's Palace-Fortress|url=http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/History/Early+History+-+Archaeology/Herodium+-+King+Herod-s+Palace-Fortress.htm|publisher=Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs|accessdate=17 November 2011}}</ref> | |||
| * ], in the northwest corner of the city walls of the Upper City | |||
| ==Construction== | |||
| * ], winter palace at Herodium in the Judean desert 12 kilometers south of Jerusalem | |||
| * ], on a small mountain | |||
| * ], on a promontory in the sea | |||
| * Three winter palaces at ] | |||
| * ], Hasmonean fortress rebuilt by Herod in 30 BC | |||
| * Cypros Palace near ], named by Herod in memory of his mother, ] | |||
| * ], a Hasmonean palace which Herod rebuilt lavishly. | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| Archaeologists believe that the palace was built by slaves, paid workers (contractors), and architects. Herod was considered one of the greatest builders of his time—his palace was built on the edge of the desert and was situated atop an artificial hill, geography did not daunt him<ref>{{cite journal|last=Mueller|first=Tom|title=Herod: The Holy Land's Visionary Builder|journal=National Geographic|year=2008|month=December|accessdate=17 November 2011}}</ref>. The largest of the four towers was built on a stone base 18 meters in diameter. This was most likely where Herod lived; he decorated his rooms with ] floors and elaborate ]. The other three towers, which consisted of living spaces and storage, were 16 meters in diameter. Outside, several ] were built to collect water that was channeled into the palace<ref>{{cite web|last=Browns|first=Shmuel|title=A Visit to the Herodium and Herod’s Tomb|url=http://israelseen.com/2011/05/31/a-visit-to-the-herodium-and-herods-tomb/|publisher=Word Press|accessdate=17 November 2011}}</ref>. | |||
| * ], a luxury hotel brand | |||
| * ] | |||
| {{SIA}} | |||
| ==Excavation== | |||
| ] | |||
| Excavation began in 1972 and was intermittent until ]'s, the lead archaeologist, death in 2010. Netzer worked at Herodium on behalf of the the ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Herodium - King Herod's Palace-Fortress|url=http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/History/Early+History+-+Archaeology/Herodium+-+King+Herod-s+Palace-Fortress.htm|publisher=Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs|accessdate=17 November 2011}}</ref> Although there is much of the palace left to unearth, Netzer was the premier historian and had the most experience and knowledge of Herodium, so construction stopped in late 2010. Many archaeologists suspect that mosaic floors and frescoes were common throughout the palace, but it will take more work to reveal them because of the thousands of years that have passed since its construction<ref>{{cite journal|last=Mueller|first=Tom|title=Herod: The Holy Land's Visionary Builder|journal=National Geographic|year=2008|month=December|accessdate=17 November 2011}}</ref>. | |||
| ==Excavated Areas== | |||
| '''Bathhouse''' | |||
| The Roman ] consisted of three areas, the ], the ], and the ]. It also had a very impressive dome which is still in good condition today despite thousands of years of earthquakes and wars. The caldarium had vaulted ceilings, raised floors, and channels in the walls to conduct heat. The tepidarium had mosaic floors and frescoes just like the living quarters of the palace. The frigidarium, the last stop in the bathhouse, was where guests would cool off in a large pool<ref>{{cite web|last=Browns|first=Shmuel|title=A Visit to the Herodium and Herod’s Tomb|url=http://israelseen.com/2011/05/31/a-visit-to-the-herodium-and-herods-tomb/|publisher=Word Press|accessdate=17 November 2011}}</ref> . | |||
| '''Roman Theatre''' | |||
| Netzer discovered the Roman Theatre just before his death in late 2010. A loggia, or a theatre box, was discovered. This means that when Herod or other notable officials went to see a play, they would receive luxury treatment. The rest of the audience would be seated below on benches that could accommodate about 650 people. What is quite unique about this find is that frescoes of landscapes were discovered. This suggests that the painters were well traveled; they depict scenes of Italy and even the ] in Egypt. It is also assumed that the painters were on loan to Herod from ] in ]<ref>{{cite web|last=Milstein|first=Mati|title=Luxury Box Seating|url=http://www.archaeology.org/1101/trenches/luxury.html|publisher=Archaeological Institute of America|accessdate=17 November 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Magness|first=Jodi|title=Where Is Herod's Tomb At Herodium?|journal=Bulletin Of The American Schools Of Oriental Research|year=2001|pages=43|accessdate=18 November 2011}}</ref> . | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{reflist}} | |||
Latest revision as of 00:22, 17 June 2023
Herod’s Palace may refer to any of several palace-fortresses built (or rebuilt from previous fortresses) during the reign of Herod the Great, King of Judea from 37 BC to 4 BC. Mostly in ruins today, several have been excavated.
- Herod's Palace (Jerusalem), in the northwest corner of the city walls of the Upper City
- Herod's Palace (Herodium), winter palace at Herodium in the Judean desert 12 kilometers south of Jerusalem
- Masada, on a small mountain
- Caesarea Maritima, on a promontory in the sea
- Three winter palaces at Jericho
- Machaerus, Hasmonean fortress rebuilt by Herod in 30 BC
- Cypros Palace near Jericho, named by Herod in memory of his mother, Cypros
- Alexandrium, a Hasmonean palace which Herod rebuilt lavishly.
See also
- Herods Hotels, a luxury hotel brand
- Herodian architecture
Index of articles associated with the same name
This set index article includes a list of related items that share the same name (or similar names). If an internal link incorrectly led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Categories: