Polysorbate 20: Difference between revisions

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			{{short description\|Chemical substance}}
	{{chembox		{{chembox
			\| Verifiedfields = changed
⚫	\| verifiedrevid = 464210261
			\| Watchedfields = changed
⚫	\| ~~Name =~~ Polysorbate 20
		⚫	\| verifiedrevid = 464210261
	\| ~~ImageFile~~ = Polysorbate 20~~.png~~		\| Name = Polysorbate 20
⚫	\| ImageSize = 250px
	\| ~~ImageName~~ = Polysorbate 20		\| ImageFile = Polysorbate 20.png
		⚫	\| ImageSize = 250px
⚫	\| ~~IUPACName~~ = Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate
			\| ImageName = Polysorbate 20
	\| OtherNames = Polysorbate 20<br />PEG(20)sorbitan monolaurate<br /> Alkest TW 20<br /> Tween 20
		⚫	\| IUPACName = Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate
⚫	\| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
			\| OtherNames = {{Unbulleted list
⚫	\| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite\|correct\|CAS}}
			\| Kolliphor PS 20
			\| Montanox 20
		⚫	\| Polysorbate 20
			\| PEG(20)sorbitan monolaurate
			\| Alkest TW 20
			\| Tween 20
			\| Kotilen-20
		⚫	}}
		⚫	\| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
		⚫	\| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite\|correct\|CAS}}
	\| CASNo = 9005-64-5		\| CASNo = 9005-64-5
			\| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite\|correct\|FDA}}
⚫	\| RTECS = TR7400000
			\| UNII = 239B50Y732
⚫	\| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite\|~~correct~~\|chemspider}}
		⚫	\| RTECS = TR7400000
⚫	\| ChemSpiderID = NA
		⚫	\| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite\|changed\|chemspider}}
		⚫	\| ChemSpiderID = none
	}}		}}
	\| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties		\| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
	\| Formula = C<sub>58</sub>H<sub>114</sub>O<sub>26</sub>		\| Formula = C<sub>58</sub>H<sub>114</sub>O<sub>26</sub>
	\| MolarMass = ~~1227.54~~ g/mol		\| MolarMass = 1226 g/mol
	\| Appearance = Clear, yellow to yellow-green viscous liquid.		\| Appearance = Clear, yellow to yellow-green viscous liquid.
	\| Density = 1.1 g/mL (approximate) <!-- Per MSDS - this MUST be known, somewhere! -->		\| Density = 1.1 g/mL (approximate) <!-- Per MSDS - this MUST be known, somewhere! -->
	\| Solubility =		\| Solubility =
	\| MeltingPt =		\| MeltingPt =
	\| BoilingPt = > ~~100 °C~~		\| BoilingPt = >
			\| BoilingPtC = 100
⚫	}}~~<!--~~
			\| CMC = 8.04×10<sup>−5</sup> M at 21 °C<ref name="ChunheeKim">{{cite journal\|author1=Chunhee Kim \|author2=You-Lo Hsieh \| journal = Colloids and Surfaces A\| title = Wetting and absorbency of nonionic surfactant solutions on cotton fabrics\| year = 2001\| volume = 187\| pages = 385–397\| doi = 10.1016/S0927-7757(01)00653-7
	\| ]
		⚫	}}</ref>
	\| 16.7
			\| HLB = 16.7<ref name="ChunheeKim" />
	\|-
	~~-->~~		}}
	\| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards		\| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
	\| ~~ExternalMSDS~~ =		\| ExternalSDS =
	\| MainHazards = Irritant		\| MainHazards = Irritant
	\| NFPA-H = 1		\| NFPA-H =
	\| NFPA-F =		\| NFPA-F = 1
	\| NFPA-R =		\| NFPA-R =
	\| ~~FlashPt~~ = 110 °C		\| FlashPtC = 110
	}}		}}
	}}		}}

	'''Polysorbate 20''' (common commercial brand names include '''~~Alkest~~ TW 20''' and '''Tween 20''') is a ] ] ~~whose~~ stability and relative ~~non-toxicity~~ allows it to be used as a ] and ] in a number of domestic, scientific, and pharmacological applications. It is ~~a ] derivative of sorbitan monolaurate~~, ~~and~~ is ~~distinguished~~ ~~from~~ the ~~other~~ ~~members~~ in ~~the~~ ~~polysorbate~~ ~~range~~ by ~~the~~ ~~length~~ of ~~the~~ ~~polyoxyethylene~~ ~~chain~~ ~~and~~ ~~the~~ ~~fatty~~ ~~acid~~ ~~ester~~ ~~moiety.~~ ~~The~~ commercial product ~~contains~~ a range of chemical species.<ref>{{cite journal		'''Polysorbate 20''' (common commercial brand names include '''Kolliphor PS 20''',<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Polysorbates and Sorbitan Esters for Pharmaceutical Applications \|url=https://pharma.basf.com/chemistry/polysorbates-and-sorbitan-esters \|access-date=2022-06-10 \|website=BASF Pharma \|language=en-US}}</ref> '''Scattics''', '''Alkest TW 20''', '''Tween 20''', and '''Kotilen-20''') is a ]-type ] formed by the ] of ] monolaurate. Its stability and relative nontoxicity allows it to be used as a ] and ] in a number of domestic, scientific, and pharmacological applications. As the name implies, the ethoxylation process leaves the molecule with 20 ]s of ]; in practice these are distributed across 4 different chains, leading to a commercial product containing a range of chemical species.<ref>{{cite journal
	\| ~~author~~ = Ayorinde FO, Gelain SV, Johnson JH Jr, Wan LW.		\|author1=Ayorinde FO \|author2=Gelain SV \|author3=Johnson JH Jr \|author4=Wan LW. \| year = 2000
		⚫	\| title = Analysis of some commercial polysorbate formulations using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry
	\| year = 2000
		⚫	\| journal = Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
⚫	\| title = Analysis of some commercial polysorbate formulations using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry
		⚫	\| volume = 14
⚫	\| journal = Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
	\| ~~volume~~ = 14		\| issue = 22
		⚫	\| pages = 2116–2124
	\| issue = 22
		⚫	\| pmid = 11114018
⚫	\| pages = 2116–2124
		⚫	\| doi = 10.1002/1097-0231(20001130)14:22<2116::AID-RCM142>3.0.CO;2-1
⚫	\| pmid = 11114018
			\|bibcode=2000RCMS...14.2116A }}</ref>
⚫	\| doi = 10.1002/1097-0231(20001130)14:22<2116::AID-RCM142>3.0.CO;2-1
	}}</ref>

	==Food applications==		==Food applications==
	Polysorbate 20 is used as a ] in flavored mouth drops such as Ice Drops, helping to provide ~~the~~ spreading feeling ~~of the~~ other ingredients like ] and mint flavor.		Polysorbate 20 is used as a ] in flavored mouth drops such as Ice Drops, helping to provide a spreading feeling to other ingredients like ] and mint flavor.

	The ] has suggested acceptable daily intake limits of ~~0-25~~ mg of polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters per kg body weight.<ref>{{cite web		The ] has suggested acceptable daily intake limits of 0–25 mg of polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters per kg body weight.<ref>{{cite web
	\| url = http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v05je47.htm		\| url = http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v05je47.htm
	\| title = Toxicological evaluation of some food additives including anticaking agents, antimicrobials, antioxidants, emulsifiers and thickening agents		\| title = Toxicological evaluation of some food additives including anticaking agents, antimicrobials, antioxidants, emulsifiers and thickening agents
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	==Biotechnical applications==		==Biotechnical applications==
	In biological techniques and sciences, ~~Polysorbate~~ 20 has a broad range of applications. For example, it is used:		In biological techniques and sciences, polysorbate 20 has a broad range of applications. For example, it is used:
	* as a washing agent in ]s, such as ]s and ]s. It helps to prevent non-specific antibody binding. In this major application, it is dissolved in ] or ] at dilutions of 0.05% to 0.5% v/v. These buffers are used for washes between each ~~immunoreactions~~, to remove unbound immunologicals, and eventually for ~~incubation~~ solutions of immunoreagents (labeled antibodies) to reduce ~~unspecific~~ background.		* as a washing agent in ]s, such as ]s and ]s. It helps to prevent non-specific antibody binding. In this major application, it is dissolved in ] or ] at dilutions of 0.05% to 0.5% v/v. These buffers are used for washes between each immunoreaction, to remove unbound immunologicals, and eventually for incubating solutions of immunoreagents (labeled antibodies) to reduce nonspecific background.
	* to saturate binding sites on surfaces (i.e. to coat polystyrene microplates, generally combined to proteins such as BSA).		* to saturate binding sites on surfaces (i.e., to coat polystyrene microplates, generally combined with proteins such as BSA).
	* to stabilize proteins ] (PPD) solution used in skin testing for ] exposure		* to stabilize proteins ] (PPD) solution used in skin testing for ] exposure
	* as a solubilizing agent of ] proteins		* as a solubilizing agent of ] proteins
	* for ] mammalian cells, at a concentration of 0.05% to 0.5% v/v, generally combined to other detergents, salts and additives.		* for ] mammalian cells, at a concentration of 0.05% to 0.5% v/v, generally combined with other detergents, salts and additives.

	==Pharmaceutical applications==		==Pharmaceutical applications==
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	==Industrial and domestic applications==		==Industrial and domestic applications==

			Polysorbate 20 is used in many brands of baby wipes.
	The ]-made cleaning solution used by the ] ] floor-washing robot lists Tween 20 as one of its major ingredients on its ].

	Polysorbate 20 is ~~also~~ used by ] to remove stamps from envelopes and to remove residues from stamps, without harming the stamp itself.		Polysorbate 20 is used by ] to remove stamps from envelopes and to remove residues from stamps, without harming the stamp itself.

			Polysorbate 20 is also used as wetting agent in rubber balers in the ] industry.
	==Data==
	Polysorbate 20's ] is 8.04×10<sup>-5</sup> M at 21°C. This corresponds to 0.0987 g/L or approximately 0.01% w/v.
	Polysorbate 20's hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) is: 16.7. ] number is a measure of how much a surfactant will move into the water and oil phase. A high HLB number like 16.7 indicates that the surfactant will travel into the water phase. <ref name="ChunheeKim">{{cite journal
	\|author = Chunhee Kim, You-Lo Hsieh
	\|journal = Colloids and Surfaces A
	\|title = Wetting and absorbency of nonionic surfactant solutions on cotton fabrics
	\|year = 2001
⚫	\|volume = ~~187~~
	\|pages = 385–397
	\|doi = 10.1016/S0927-7757(01)00653-7
⚫	}}</ref>

			Polysorbate 20 has been used as a shape directing agent to synthesize spheroidal ] nanoassemblies.<ref>Q. Maqbool, C. Singh, A. Paul and A. Srivastava ''J. Mat. Chem. C'', 2015, '''3''', 1610</ref>
⚫	==References==
	Tween® and Tween 20® are registered trademarks of ICI Americas{{reflist}}

	==See also==		==See also==
	* ]		* ]

		⚫	==References==
			{{reflist}}

	==External links==		==External links==
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Latest revision as of 15:21, 19 March 2024

Chemical substance

Polysorbate 20
Names
Polysorbate 20
IUPAC name Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate
Other names Kolliphor PS 20 Montanox 20 Polysorbate 20 PEG(20)sorbitan monolaurate Alkest TW 20 Tween 20 Kotilen-20
Identifiers
CAS Number	9005-64-5
ChemSpider	none
ECHA InfoCard	100.105.528
E number	E432 (thickeners, ...)
RTECS number	TR7400000
UNII	239B50Y732
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3031949
Properties
Chemical formula	C₅₈H₁₁₄O₂₆
Molar mass	1226 g/mol
Appearance	Clear, yellow to yellow-green viscous liquid.
Density	1.1 g/mL (approximate)
Boiling point	> 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K)
Surface tension:
CMC	8.04×10 M at 21 °C
HLB	16.7
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Irritant
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1
Flash point	110 °C (230 °F; 383 K)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	External MSDS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). N verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Chemical compound

Polysorbate 20 (common commercial brand names include Kolliphor PS 20, Scattics, Alkest TW 20, Tween 20, and Kotilen-20) is a polysorbate-type nonionic surfactant formed by the ethoxylation of sorbitan monolaurate. Its stability and relative nontoxicity allows it to be used as a detergent and emulsifier in a number of domestic, scientific, and pharmacological applications. As the name implies, the ethoxylation process leaves the molecule with 20 repeat units of polyethylene glycol; in practice these are distributed across 4 different chains, leading to a commercial product containing a range of chemical species.

Food applications

Polysorbate 20 is used as a wetting agent in flavored mouth drops such as Ice Drops, helping to provide a spreading feeling to other ingredients like SD alcohol and mint flavor.

The World Health Organization has suggested acceptable daily intake limits of 0–25 mg of polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters per kg body weight.

Biotechnical applications

In biological techniques and sciences, polysorbate 20 has a broad range of applications. For example, it is used:

as a washing agent in immunoassays, such as Western blots and ELISAs. It helps to prevent non-specific antibody binding. In this major application, it is dissolved in Tris-buffered saline or phosphate buffered saline at dilutions of 0.05% to 0.5% v/v. These buffers are used for washes between each immunoreaction, to remove unbound immunologicals, and eventually for incubating solutions of immunoreagents (labeled antibodies) to reduce nonspecific background.
to saturate binding sites on surfaces (i.e., to coat polystyrene microplates, generally combined with proteins such as BSA).
to stabilize proteins purified protein derivative (PPD) solution used in skin testing for tuberculosis exposure
as a solubilizing agent of membrane proteins
for lysing mammalian cells, at a concentration of 0.05% to 0.5% v/v, generally combined with other detergents, salts and additives.

Pharmaceutical applications

Polysorbate 20 is used as an excipient in pharmaceutical applications to stabilize emulsions and suspensions.

Industrial and domestic applications

Polysorbate 20 is used in many brands of baby wipes.

Polysorbate 20 is used by philatelists to remove stamps from envelopes and to remove residues from stamps, without harming the stamp itself.

Polysorbate 20 is also used as wetting agent in rubber balers in the elastomer industry.

Polysorbate 20 has been used as a shape directing agent to synthesize spheroidal magnetite nanoassemblies.

References

^ Chunhee Kim; You-Lo Hsieh (2001). "Wetting and absorbency of nonionic surfactant solutions on cotton fabrics". Colloids and Surfaces A. 187: 385–397. doi:10.1016/S0927-7757(01)00653-7.
"Polysorbates and Sorbitan Esters for Pharmaceutical Applications". BASF Pharma. Retrieved 2022-06-10.
Ayorinde FO; Gelain SV; Johnson JH Jr; Wan LW. (2000). "Analysis of some commercial polysorbate formulations using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry". Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 14 (22): 2116–2124. Bibcode:2000RCMS...14.2116A. doi:10.1002/1097-0231(20001130)14:22<2116::AID-RCM142>3.0.CO;2-1. PMID 11114018.
Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (1974). "Toxicological evaluation of some food additives including anticaking agents, antimicrobials, antioxidants, emulsifiers and thickening agents". WHO Food Additives Series No. 5. World Health Organization.
Q. Maqbool, C. Singh, A. Paul and A. Srivastava J. Mat. Chem. C, 2015, 3, 1610

External links

Tween 20 on biologists' wiki OpenWetWare

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