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{{chembox {{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 427611348 | verifiedrevid = 477002032
| ImageFile = Aluminium-borohydride-2D-from-xtal.png | ImageFile = Aluminium-borohydride-2D-from-xtal.png
| ImageSize = | ImageSize =
| ImageName = Structural formula of the aluminium borohydride molecule | ImageName = Structural formula of the aluminium borohydride molecule
| IUPACName = Aluminium borohydride | IUPACName = Aluminium borohydride
| OtherNames = Aluminum borohydride, aluminium tetrahydroborate, aluminum tetrahydroborate | OtherNames = Aluminium borohydride, aluminium tetrahydroborate
| Reference = <ref name="hand"> | Reference = <ref name="hand">
{{Cite book {{Cite book
| last = Lide | last = Lide
| first = David R. | first = David R.
| author-link = | year = 1998
⚫ | title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
⚫ | last2 =
| first2 = | edition = 87
⚫ | publication-place = Boca Raton, Florida
| author2-link =
⚫ | publisher = CRC Press
| publication-date =
⚫ | isbn = 0-8493-0594-2
| date =
| year = 1998 | pages = 4–39
⚫ | title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
| edition = 87
⚫ | volume =
| series =
⚫ | publication-place = Boca Raton, FL
| place =
⚫ | publisher = CRC Press
| id =
⚫ | isbn = 0-8493-0594-2
| doi =
| oclc =
| pages = 4–39
| url =
| accessdate =
}}</ref> }}</ref>
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 55734 | ChemSpiderID = 55734
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| StdInChIKey = LNJYEMMRSAGORU-UHFFFAOYSA-N | StdInChIKey = LNJYEMMRSAGORU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo = 16962-07-5 | CASNo = 16962-07-5
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}= | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|chemspider}}
| RTECS = | RTECS =
| EINECS = | EINECS =
| PubChem = | UNNumber = 2870
| UNII = 7OBU10UOXG
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| PubChem = 6328559
| PubChem_Comment = PubChem has bad formula
}} }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Al = 1 | B = 3 | H = 12 | Al=1 | B=3 | H=12
| Appearance = colorless liquid | Appearance = colorless liquid
| Density = | Density =
| MeltingPtC = -64.5 | MeltingPtC = -64.5
| BoilingPtC = 44.5 | BoilingPtC = 44.5
| Solubility = reacts | Solubility = reacts
}} }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure |Section3={{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = | CrystalStruct =
| Coordination = | Coordination =
| MolShape = | MolShape =
}} }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Hazards |Section4={{Chembox Hazards
⚫ | FlashPt = Spontaneously ignites
| EUClass =
⚫ | NFPA-H =
⚫ | FlashPt = Spontaneously ignites
| NFPA-H = |NFPA-F = |NFPA-R = | NFPA-F =
| NFPA-R =
}} }}
}} }}


'''Aluminium borohydride''', also known as '''aluminium tetrahydroborate''', (in ], '''aluminum borohydride''' and '''aluminum tetrahydroborate''', respectively) is the chemical compound with the ] Al(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>. It is a volatile ] liquid which is used as ], an additive in ], and as a ] in laboratories. Unlike most other metal–borohydrides, which are ], aluminium borohydride is a ].<ref name = kollonitsch/><ref>{{ cite journal | journal = ] | year = 2007 | volume = 446–447 | pages = 310–314 | doi = 10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.11.140 | first1 = K. | last1 = Miwa | first2 = N. | last2 = Ohba | first3 = S. | last3 = Towata | first4 = Y. | last4 = Nakamori | first5 = A. | last5 = Züttel | first6 = S. | last6 = Orimo | title = First-principles study on thermodynamical stability of metal borohydrides: Aluminum borohydride Al(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> }}</ref> '''Aluminium borohydride''', also known as '''aluminium tetrahydroborate''', is the chemical compound with the ] Al(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>. It is a volatile ] liquid which is used as a ] in laboratories. Unlike most other metal–borohydrides, which are ], aluminium borohydride is a ].<ref name = kollonitsch/><ref>{{ cite journal | journal = ] | year = 2007|volume = 446–447 | pages = 310–314 | doi = 10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.11.140 | first1 = K. | last1 = Miwa |first2 = N. | last2 = Ohba |first3 = S. | last3 = Towata | first4 = Y. | last4 = Nakamori | first5 = A. | last5 = Züttel | first6 = S.| last6 = Orimo | title = First-principles study on thermodynamical stability of metal borohydrides: Aluminum borohydride Al(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> | arxiv = cond-mat/0610853 | s2cid = 97032806}}</ref>


==Preparation== ==Preparation==
Aluminium borohydride is formed by the reaction between ] with ]:<ref name="inorg"> Aluminium borohydride is formed by the reaction between ] with ]:<ref name="inorg">
{{Cite book {{Cite book
| last = Perry | last1 = Perry
| first =Dale L. | first1 =Dale L.
⚫ | last2 = Phillips
| author-link =
⚫ | first2 =Sidney L.
| last2 = Phillips
| year =1995
⚫ | first2 =Sidney L.
⚫ | title =Handbook of Inorganic Compounds
| author2-link =
⚫ | publisher =CRC Press
| publication-date =
⚫ | isbn =0-8493-8671-3
| date =
| year =1995 | pages = 3–4
⚫ | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC
⚫ | title =Handbook of Inorganic Compounds
⚫ | access-date =2007-12-09
| edition =
| volume =
| series =
| publication-place =
| place =
⚫ | publisher =CRC Press
| id =
⚫ | isbn =0-8493-8671-3
|pages = 3–4
| doi =
| oclc =
⚫ | url =http://books.google.com/?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC
⚫ | accessdate =2007-12-09
}}</ref> }}</ref>
:3 NaBH<sub>4</sub> + AlCl<sub>3</sub> → Al(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> + 3 NaCl :3 NaBH<sub>4</sub> + AlCl<sub>3</sub> → Al(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> + 3 NaCl


or as the non-pyrophoric ] (THF) adduct, by the analogous reaction of ] and ] in THF:<ref name = kollonitsch>{{cite journal | author = J. Kollonitsch & O. Fuchs | title = Preparation of Aluminium Borohydride and its Applications in Organic Reductions | journal = ] | volume = 176 | pages = 1081 | year = 1955 | doi = 10.1038/1761081a0 | issue=4492}}</ref> or as the non-pyrophoric ] (THF) ], by the analogous reaction of ] and ] in THF:<ref name = kollonitsch>{{cite journal | author = J. Kollonitsch & O. Fuchs | title = Preparation of Aluminium Borohydride and its Applications in Organic Reductions | journal = ] | volume = 176 | pages = 1081 | year = 1955 | doi = 10.1038/1761081a0 | issue=4492| bibcode = 1955Natur.176.1081K | doi-access = free }}</ref>


: 3 Ca(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 2 AlCl<sub>3</sub> &rarr; 3 CaCl<sub>2</sub> + 2 Al(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> : 3 Ca(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 2 AlCl<sub>3</sub> → 3 CaCl<sub>2</sub> + 2 Al(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>


==Reactions== ==Reactions==
Like all borohydrides, this compound is a reducing agent and hydride donor. It reacts with water to give elemental ] gas,<ref name="inorg"/> and reduces ]s, ]s, and ]s to ]s.<ref name = kollonitsch/> Like all borohydrides, this compound is a reducing agent and hydride donor. It reacts with water to give elemental ] gas,<ref name="inorg"/> and reduces ]s, ]s, and ]s to ]s.<ref name = kollonitsch/>


== References == == References ==
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{{Aluminium compounds}} {{Aluminium compounds}}


] ]
] ]
] ]

Latest revision as of 18:07, 15 October 2024

Aluminium borohydride
Structural formula of the aluminium borohydride molecule
Names
IUPAC name Aluminium borohydride
Other names Aluminium borohydride, aluminium tetrahydroborate
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
PubChem CID
UNII
UN number 2870
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/Al.3BH4/h;3*1H4/q+3;3*-1Key: LNJYEMMRSAGORU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • InChI=1/Al.3BH4/h;3*1H4/q+3;3*-1Key: LNJYEMMRSAGORU-UHFFFAOYAC
SMILES
  • ...
Properties
Chemical formula AlB3H12
Molar mass 71.51 g·mol
Appearance colorless liquid
Melting point −64.5 °C (−84.1 °F; 208.7 K)
Boiling point 44.5 °C (112.1 °F; 317.6 K)
Solubility in water reacts
Hazards
Flash point Spontaneously ignites
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). ☒N verify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Aluminium borohydride, also known as aluminium tetrahydroborate, is the chemical compound with the formula Al(BH4)3. It is a volatile pyrophoric liquid which is used as a reducing agent in laboratories. Unlike most other metal–borohydrides, which are ionic structures, aluminium borohydride is a covalent compound.

Preparation

Aluminium borohydride is formed by the reaction between sodium borohydride with aluminium chloride:

3 NaBH4 + AlCl3 → Al(BH4)3 + 3 NaCl

or as the non-pyrophoric tetrahydrofuran (THF) adduct, by the analogous reaction of calcium borohydride and aluminium chloride in THF:

3 Ca(BH4)2 + 2 AlCl3 → 3 CaCl2 + 2 Al(BH4)3

Reactions

Like all borohydrides, this compound is a reducing agent and hydride donor. It reacts with water to give elemental hydrogen gas, and reduces carboxylic esters, aldehydes, and ketones to alcohols.

References

  1. Lide, David R. (1998). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 4–39. ISBN 0-8493-0594-2.
  2. ^ J. Kollonitsch & O. Fuchs (1955). "Preparation of Aluminium Borohydride and its Applications in Organic Reductions". Nature. 176 (4492): 1081. Bibcode:1955Natur.176.1081K. doi:10.1038/1761081a0.
  3. Miwa, K.; Ohba, N.; Towata, S.; Nakamori, Y.; Züttel, A.; Orimo, S. (2007). "First-principles study on thermodynamical stability of metal borohydrides: Aluminum borohydride Al(BH4)3". J. Alloys Compd. 446–447: 310–314. arXiv:cond-mat/0610853. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.11.140. S2CID 97032806.
  4. ^ Perry, Dale L.; Phillips, Sidney L. (1995). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. pp. 3–4. ISBN 0-8493-8671-3. Retrieved 2007-12-09.

Further reading

  • Fletcher, Edward; Foster, Hampton; Straight, David (1959). "Aluminum Borohydride and Mixtures with Hydrocarbons in Jet Engine Combustor Ignition". Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. 51 (11): 1389. doi:10.1021/ie50599a044.
  • Hinkamp, James B.; Hnizda, Vincent (1955). "Aluminum Borohydride Preparation". Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. 47 (8): 1560. doi:10.1021/ie50548a032.
Aluminium compounds
Al(I)
Organoaluminium(I) compoundsAl(C5(CH3)5)
Al(II)
Al(III)
Alums
Organoaluminium(III) compounds
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