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{{Chembox {{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 461586545
| Watchedfields = changed
|ImageFile=Bombesin_full.png
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 461744695
⚫ |ImageSize=400px
| ImageFile=Bombesin skeletal.svg
⚫ |IUPACName=
⚫ | ImageSize=250px
⚫ |OtherNames= Pyr-Gln-Arg-Leu-Gly-Asn-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Leu-Met-NH2
⚫ | IUPACName=
⚫ |Section1= {{Chembox Identifiers
⚫ | OtherNames= Pyr-Gln-Arg-Leu-Gly-Asn-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Leu-Met-NH2
⚫ | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
⚫ |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
⚫ | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo=31362-50-2 | CASNo=31362-50-2
⚫ | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
⚫ | PubChem=16133891
| UNII = PX9AZU7QPK
⚫ | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 437027 | ChEMBL = 437027
| IUPHAR_ligand = 616 | IUPHAR_ligand = 616

⚫ | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
⚫ | PubChem = 16133800
⚫ | ChemSpiderID = 26286924
⚫ | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
⚫ | SMILES = C(C(=O)N(C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N(Cc1cnc1)C(=O)N(CC(C)C)C(=O)N(CCSC)C(=O)N)NC(=O)(Cc2cc3ccccc32)NC(=O)(CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)(CC(=O)N)NC(=O)CNC(=O)(CC(C)C)NC(=O)(CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)(CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)4CCC(=O)N4
⚫ | ChemSpiderID = 17290379
⚫ | InChI = 1/C71H110N24O18S/c1-34(2)24-47(92-62(105)43(14-11-22-79-71(76)77)89-64(107)45(15-18-52(72)96)90-63(106)44-17-20-55(99)85-44)61(104)80-31-56(100)87-51(29-54(74)98)69(112)91-46(16-19-53(73)97)65(108)94-50(27-39-26-38-12-9-10-13-41(38)84-39)66(109)83-37(7)60(103)95-58(36(5)6)70(113)81-32-57(101)86-49(28-40-30-78-33-82-40)68(111)93-48(25-35(3)4)67(110)88-42(59(75)102)21-23-114-8/h9-10,12-13,26,30,33-37,42-51,58,84H,11,14-25,27-29,31-32H2,1-8H3,(H2,72,96)(H2,73,97)(H2,74,98)(H2,75,102)(H,78,82)(H,80,104)(H,81,113)(H,83,109)(H,85,99)(H,86,101)(H,87,100)(H,88,110)(H,89,107)(H,90,106)(H,91,112)(H,92,105)(H,93,111)(H,94,108)(H,95,103)(H4,76,77,79)/t37-,42-,43-,44-,45-,46-,47-,48-,49-,50-,51-,58-/m0/s1
⚫ | SMILES = /N=C(\N)/NCCC(C(=O)N(CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N(CC(=O)N)C(=O)N(CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N(Cc1cc2c1cccc2)C(=O)N(C)C(=O)N(C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N(Cc3ccn3)C(=O)N(CC(C)C)C(=O)N(CCSC)C(=O)N)NC(=O)(CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)4CCC(=O)N4
| InChIKey = DNDCVAGJPBKION-DOPDSADYBW
⚫ | InChI = 1/C71H110N24O18S/c1-34(2)24-47(92-62(105)43(14-11-22-79-71(76)77)89-64(107)45(15-18-52(72)96)90-63(106)44-17-20-55(99)85-44)61(104)81-31-56(100)87-51(28-54(74)98)69(112)91-46(16-19-53(73)97)65(108)94-49(26-38-29-80-41-13-10-9-12-40(38)41)66(109)84-37(7)60(103)95-58(36(5)6)70(113)82-32-57(101)86-50(27-39-30-78-33-83-39)68(111)93-48(25-35(3)4)67(110)88-42(59(75)102)21-23-114-8/h9-10,12-13,29-30,33-37,42-51,58,80H,11,14-28,31-32H2,1-8H3,(H2,72,96)(H2,73,97)(H2,74,98)(H2,75,102)(H,78,83)(H,81,104)(H,82,113)(H,84,109)(H,85,99)(H,86,101)(H,87,100)(H,88,110)(H,89,107)(H,90,106)(H,91,112)(H,92,105)(H,93,111)(H,94,108)(H,95,103)(H4,76,77,79)/t37-,42-,43-,44-,45-,46-,47-,48-,49-,50-,51-,58-/m0/s1
⚫ | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChIKey = QXZBMSIDSOZZHK-DOPDSADYBX
⚫ | StdInChI = 1S/C71H110N24O18S/c1-34(2)24-47(92-62(105)43(14-11-22-79-71(76)77)89-64(107)45(15-18-52(72)96)90-63(106)44-17-20-55(99)85-44)61(104)80-31-56(100)87-51(29-54(74)98)69(112)91-46(16-19-53(73)97)65(108)94-50(27-39-26-38-12-9-10-13-41(38)84-39)66(109)83-37(7)60(103)95-58(36(5)6)70(113)81-32-57(101)86-49(28-40-30-78-33-82-40)68(111)93-48(25-35(3)4)67(110)88-42(59(75)102)21-23-114-8/h9-10,12-13,26,30,33-37,42-51,58,84H,11,14-25,27-29,31-32H2,1-8H3,(H2,72,96)(H2,73,97)(H2,74,98)(H2,75,102)(H,78,82)(H,80,104)(H,81,113)(H,83,109)(H,85,99)(H,86,101)(H,87,100)(H,88,110)(H,89,107)(H,90,106)(H,91,112)(H,92,105)(H,93,111)(H,94,108)(H,95,103)(H4,76,77,79)/t37-,42-,43-,44-,45-,46-,47-,48-,49-,50-,51-,58-/m0/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
⚫ | StdInChI = 1S/C71H110N24O18S/c1-34(2)24-47(92-62(105)43(14-11-22-79-71(76)77)89-64(107)45(15-18-52(72)96)90-63(106)44-17-20-55(99)85-44)61(104)81-31-56(100)87-51(28-54(74)98)69(112)91-46(16-19-53(73)97)65(108)94-49(26-38-29-80-41-13-10-9-12-40(38)41)66(109)84-37(7)60(103)95-58(36(5)6)70(113)82-32-57(101)86-50(27-39-30-78-33-83-39)68(111)93-48(25-35(3)4)67(110)88-42(59(75)102)21-23-114-8/h9-10,12-13,29-30,33-37,42-51,58,80H,11,14-28,31-32H2,1-8H3,(H2,72,96)(H2,73,97)(H2,74,98)(H2,75,102)(H,78,83)(H,81,104)(H,82,113)(H,84,109)(H,85,99)(H,86,101)(H,87,100)(H,88,110)(H,89,107)(H,90,106)(H,91,112)(H,92,105)(H,93,111)(H,94,108)(H,95,103)(H4,76,77,79)/t37-,42-,43-,44-,45-,46-,47-,48-,49-,50-,51-,58-/m0/s1
⚫ | StdInChIKey = DNDCVAGJPBKION-DOPDSADYSA-N
⚫ | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
⚫ | StdInChIKey = QXZBMSIDSOZZHK-DOPDSADYSA-N

}} }}
|Section2= {{Chembox Properties |Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula=C<sub>71</sub>H<sub>110</sub>N<sub>24</sub>O<sub>18</sub>S | Formula=C<sub>71</sub>H<sub>110</sub>N<sub>24</sub>O<sub>18</sub>S
| MolarMass=1619.85 | MolarMass=1619.85
| Appearance= | Appearance=
| Density= | Density=
| MeltingPt= | MeltingPt=
| BoilingPt= | BoilingPt=
| Solubility= | Solubility=
}} }}
|Section3= {{Chembox Hazards |Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards= | MainHazards=
| FlashPt= | FlashPt=
| AutoignitionPt =
| Autoignition=
}} }}
}} }}
'''Bombesin''' is a 14-] ]<ref name="pmid18185064">{{cite journal | author = Gonzalez N, Moody TW, Igarashi H, Ito T, Jensen RT | title = Bombesin-related peptides and their receptors: recent advances in their role in physiology and disease states | journal = Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity | volume = 15 | issue = 1 | pages = 58–64 | year = 2008 | month = February | pmid = 18185064 | pmc = 2631407 | doi = 10.1097/MED.0b013e3282f3709b | url = http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=1752-296X&volume=15&issue=1&spage=58}}</ref> originally isolated from the ] of the ] (''Bombina orientalis''). It has two known ] in ] called ] and ]. It stimulates ] release from ]. It activates three different ]-coupled ] known as BBR1, -2, and -3.<ref name="pmid19115523">{{cite journal | author = Weber HC | title = Regulation and signaling of human bombesin receptors and their biological effects | journal = Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 66–71 | year = 2009 | month = February | pmid = 19115523 | doi = | url = http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=1752-296X&volume=16&issue=1&spage=66}}</ref> It also activates these receptors in the ]. Together with ], it is the second major source of ] signals that stop eating behaviour.<ref name="pmid11127929">{{cite journal | author = Yamada K, Wada E, Wada K | title = Bombesin-like peptides: studies on food intake and social behaviour with receptor knock-out mice | journal = Annals of Medicine | volume = 32 | issue = 8 | pages = 519–29 | year = 2000 | month = November | pmid = 11127929 | doi = | url = }}</ref> '''Bombesin''' is a 14-] ]<ref name="pmid18185064">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gonzalez N, Moody TW, Igarashi H, Ito T, Jensen RT | title = Bombesin-related peptides and their receptors: recent advances in their role in physiology and disease states | journal = Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity | volume = 15 | issue = 1 | pages = 58–64 |date=February 2008 | pmid = 18185064 | pmc = 2631407 | doi = 10.1097/MED.0b013e3282f3709b }}</ref> originally isolated from the ] of the ] (''Bombina bombina'')<ref name="Anastasi-et-al-1971-bundle">
{{Unbulleted list citebundle
|{{cite journal | last1=Anastasi | first1=A. | last2=Erspamer | first2=Vittorio | author-link2=Vittorio Erspamer | last3=Bucci | first3=M. | title=Isolation and structure of bombesin and alytesin, two analogous active peptides from the skin of the european amphibians ''Bombina'' and ''Alytes'' | journal=] | publisher=] | volume=27 | issue=2 | year=1971 | issn=0014-4754 | doi=10.1007/bf02145873 | pages=166–167 | pmid=5544731 | s2cid=30779940}}
|{{cite journal | last1=Verkhratsky | first1=Alexei | last2=Nedergaard | first2=Maiken | title=Physiology of Astroglia | journal=] | publisher=] | volume=98 | issue=1 | date=2018-01-01 | issn=0031-9333 | doi=10.1152/physrev.00042.2016 | pages=239–389| pmid=29351512 | pmc=6050349 | doi-access=free }}
|{{cite journal | title=Toxicon Reviews | first=H. | last=M. | journal=] | publisher=] + ] + ] (]) | volume=10 | issue=2 | year=1972 | issn=0041-0101 | doi=10.1016/0041-0101(72)90248-6 | page=189 | s2cid=32711539 | pmid=5544731}}
|{{cite book | editor-last=Daniel | editor-first=Edwin E. | title=Neuropeptide Function in the Gastrointestinal Tract | publisher=CRC Press | date=2019-08-15 | isbn=978-0-429-28576-9 | oclc=1112671803}}
}}
</ref> by ] ''et al.'' and named after its source.<ref name="Jensen-et-al-2007">{{cite journal | last1=Jensen | first1=R. T. | last2=Battey | first2=J. F. | last3=Spindel | first3=E. R. | last4=Benya | first4=R. V. | title=International Union of Pharmacology. LXVIII. Mammalian Bombesin Receptors: Nomenclature, Distribution, Pharmacology, Signaling, and Functions in Normal and Disease States | journal=] | publisher=] (ASPET) | volume=60 | issue=1 | date=2007-11-30 | issn=0031-6997 | doi=10.1124/pr.107.07108 | pages=1–42 | pmc=2517428 | pmid=18055507}} ] 45053.</ref> It has two known ] in ] called ] and ]. It stimulates ] release from ]. It activates three different ]-coupled ] known as BBR1, -2, and -3.<ref name="pmid19115523">{{cite journal | author = Weber HC | title = Regulation and signaling of human bombesin receptors and their biological effects | journal = Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 66–71 |date=February 2009 | pmid = 19115523 | doi = 10.1097/med.0b013e32831cf5aa| s2cid = 45482442 }}</ref> It also activates these receptors in the ]. Together with ], it is the second major source of ] signals that stop eating behaviour.<ref name="pmid11127929">{{cite journal | vauthors = Yamada K, Wada E, Wada K | title = Bombesin-like peptides: studies on food intake and social behaviour with receptor knock-out mice | journal = Annals of Medicine | volume = 32 | issue = 8 | pages = 519–29 |date=November 2000 | pmid = 11127929 | doi = 10.3109/07853890008998831| s2cid = 24431961 }}</ref>


Bombesin is also a ] marker for small cell carcinoma of lung, gastric cancer, and neuroblastoma.<ref name="pmid10636070">{{cite journal | author = Ohlsson B, Fredäng N, Axelson J | title = The effect of bombesin, cholecystokinin, gastrin, and their antagonists on proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell lines | journal = Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology | volume = 34 | issue = 12 | pages = 1224–9 | year = 1999 | month = December | pmid = 10636070 | doi = | url = }}</ref> Bombesin is also a ] marker for small cell carcinoma of lung, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and ].<ref name="pmid10636070">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ohlsson B, Fredäng N, Axelson J | title = The effect of bombesin, cholecystokinin, gastrin, and their antagonists on proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell lines | journal = Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology | volume = 34 | issue = 12 | pages = 1224–9 |date=December 1999 | pmid = 10636070 | doi = 10.1080/003655299750024742}}</ref>

==Receptors==
The ] {{visible anchor|BB4|text=BB<sub>4</sub>}} receptor ] is termed {{visible anchor|frog BB4|text=frog BB<sub>4</sub>}} ({{visible anchor|fBB4|text=fBB<sub>4</sub>}}).<ref name="Jensen-et-al-2007" /> Iwabuchi ''et al.'' 2003 discovered a ] (''Gallus domesticus'') receptor which is homologous to both the {{visible anchor|mammalian BB3|text=mammalian BB<sub>3</sub>}} and fBB<sub>4</sub> and so they named it {{visible anchor|chBRS-3.5}}.<ref name="Jensen-et-al-2007" />

==Effects==
Erspamer 1988 finds bombesin has a similar effect on the chicken to ranatensin, unreliably increasing or decreasing blood pressure.<ref name="Erspamer-1988-bundle">
{{Unbulleted list citebundle
|{{cite journal | last=Erspamer | first=Vittorio | author-link=Vittorio Erspamer | title=Discovery, Isolation, and Characterization of Bombesin-like Peptides | journal=] | publisher=] (]) | volume=547 | issue=1 Bombesin-Like | year=1988 | issn=0077-8923 | doi=10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb23870.x | pages=3–9 | pmid=3071223 | bibcode=1988NYASA.547....3E | s2cid=83974453 | department=Part I. Chemistry and Molecular Biology of Bombesin-like Peptides}}
|{{cite journal | last1=Moreno | first1=Paola | last2=Mantey | first2=Samuel A. | last3=Nakamura | first3=Taichi | last4=Nuche-Berenguer | first4=Bernardo | last5=Moody | first5=Terry W. | last6=Coy | first6=David H. | last7=Jensen | first7=Robert T. | title=Insights into Bombesin receptors and ligands: Highlighting recent advances | journal=] | publisher=] | volume=72 | date=2001-09-06 | pages=128–144 | pmid=25976083 | doi=10.1016/j.peptides.2015.04.026 | pmc=4641779}} ] 697823.
|{{cite book | editor-last=Daniel | editor-first=Edwin E. | title=Neuropeptide Function in the Gastrointestinal Tract | publisher=CRC Press | date=2019-08-15 | isbn=978-0-429-28576-9 | oclc=1112671803}}
|{{cite journal | last1=Jensen | first1=R. T. | last2=Battey | first2=J. F. | last3=Spindel | first3=E. R. | last4=Benya | first4=R. V. | title=International Union of Pharmacology. LXVIII. Mammalian Bombesin Receptors: Nomenclature, Distribution, Pharmacology, Signaling, and Functions in Normal and Disease States | journal=] | publisher=] (ASPET) | volume=60 | issue=1 | date=2007-11-30 | issn=0031-6997 | doi=10.1124/pr.107.07108 | pages=1–42 | pmc=2517428 | pmid=18055507}} ] 45053.
}}</ref>


== See also == == See also ==
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Latest revision as of 05:35, 31 October 2023

Bombesin
Names
Other names Pyr-Gln-Arg-Leu-Gly-Asn-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Leu-Met-NH2
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
IUPHAR/BPS
PubChem CID
UNII
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C71H110N24O18S/c1-34(2)24-47(92-62(105)43(14-11-22-79-71(76)77)89-64(107)45(15-18-52(72)96)90-63(106)44-17-20-55(99)85-44)61(104)81-31-56(100)87-51(28-54(74)98)69(112)91-46(16-19-53(73)97)65(108)94-49(26-38-29-80-41-13-10-9-12-40(38)41)66(109)84-37(7)60(103)95-58(36(5)6)70(113)82-32-57(101)86-50(27-39-30-78-33-83-39)68(111)93-48(25-35(3)4)67(110)88-42(59(75)102)21-23-114-8/h9-10,12-13,29-30,33-37,42-51,58,80H,11,14-28,31-32H2,1-8H3,(H2,72,96)(H2,73,97)(H2,74,98)(H2,75,102)(H,78,83)(H,81,104)(H,82,113)(H,84,109)(H,85,99)(H,86,101)(H,87,100)(H,88,110)(H,89,107)(H,90,106)(H,91,112)(H,92,105)(H,93,111)(H,94,108)(H,95,103)(H4,76,77,79)/t37-,42-,43-,44-,45-,46-,47-,48-,49-,50-,51-,58-/m0/s1Key: QXZBMSIDSOZZHK-DOPDSADYSA-N
  • InChI=1/C71H110N24O18S/c1-34(2)24-47(92-62(105)43(14-11-22-79-71(76)77)89-64(107)45(15-18-52(72)96)90-63(106)44-17-20-55(99)85-44)61(104)81-31-56(100)87-51(28-54(74)98)69(112)91-46(16-19-53(73)97)65(108)94-49(26-38-29-80-41-13-10-9-12-40(38)41)66(109)84-37(7)60(103)95-58(36(5)6)70(113)82-32-57(101)86-50(27-39-30-78-33-83-39)68(111)93-48(25-35(3)4)67(110)88-42(59(75)102)21-23-114-8/h9-10,12-13,29-30,33-37,42-51,58,80H,11,14-28,31-32H2,1-8H3,(H2,72,96)(H2,73,97)(H2,74,98)(H2,75,102)(H,78,83)(H,81,104)(H,82,113)(H,84,109)(H,85,99)(H,86,101)(H,87,100)(H,88,110)(H,89,107)(H,90,106)(H,91,112)(H,92,105)(H,93,111)(H,94,108)(H,95,103)(H4,76,77,79)/t37-,42-,43-,44-,45-,46-,47-,48-,49-,50-,51-,58-/m0/s1Key: QXZBMSIDSOZZHK-DOPDSADYBX
SMILES
  • /N=C(\N)/NCCC(C(=O)N(CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N(CC(=O)N)C(=O)N(CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N(Cc1cc2c1cccc2)C(=O)N(C)C(=O)N(C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N(Cc3ccn3)C(=O)N(CC(C)C)C(=O)N(CCSC)C(=O)N)NC(=O)(CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)4CCC(=O)N4
Properties
Chemical formula C71H110N24O18S
Molar mass 1619.85
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). ☒N verify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Bombesin is a 14-amino acid peptide originally isolated from the skin of the European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) by Vittorio Erspamer et al. and named after its source. It has two known homologs in mammals called neuromedin B and gastrin-releasing peptide. It stimulates gastrin release from G cells. It activates three different G-protein-coupled receptors known as BBR1, -2, and -3. It also activates these receptors in the brain. Together with cholecystokinin, it is the second major source of negative feedback signals that stop eating behaviour.

Bombesin is also a tumor marker for small cell carcinoma of lung, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and neuroblastoma.

Receptors

The anuran BB4 receptor homologue is termed frog BB4 (fBB4). Iwabuchi et al. 2003 discovered a chicken (Gallus domesticus) receptor which is homologous to both the mammalian BB3 and fBB4 and so they named it chBRS-3.5.

Effects

Erspamer 1988 finds bombesin has a similar effect on the chicken to ranatensin, unreliably increasing or decreasing blood pressure.

See also

References

  1. Gonzalez N, Moody TW, Igarashi H, Ito T, Jensen RT (February 2008). "Bombesin-related peptides and their receptors: recent advances in their role in physiology and disease states". Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity. 15 (1): 58–64. doi:10.1097/MED.0b013e3282f3709b. PMC 2631407. PMID 18185064.
  3. ^ Jensen, R. T.; Battey, J. F.; Spindel, E. R.; Benya, R. V. (2007-11-30). "International Union of Pharmacology. LXVIII. Mammalian Bombesin Receptors: Nomenclature, Distribution, Pharmacology, Signaling, and Functions in Normal and Disease States". Pharmacological Reviews. 60 (1). American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET): 1–42. doi:10.1124/pr.107.07108. ISSN 0031-6997. PMC 2517428. PMID 18055507. NIHMSID 45053.
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Peptides: neuropeptides
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