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{{short description|Japanese polearm}}
⚫ ], in the middle sodegarami and on the right ]]]
{{one source|date=January 2017}}
⚫ The {{nihongo|'''sodegarami'''|袖搦}} (sleeve entangler) was a ] used by the ] class and their retainers in feudal Japan.
{{Italic title|reason=]}}
⚫ ], in the middle sodegarami, and on the right ]]]
⚫ The {{nihongo|'''''sodegarami'''''|袖搦|sleeve entangler}} is a ] that was used by the ] class and their retainers in feudal Japan.


==History and description== ==History and description==
Historically the sodegarami was used as a type of ] around 2 meters in length, with multiple barbed heads, facing forwards and backwards. The pole was sturdy hardwood with sharp metal barbs or spines attached to metal strips on one end to keep the person being captured from grabbing the pole. The opposite end of the pole would have a metal cap, or ''ishizuki'' like those found on ] and other pole weapons. The sodegarami together with '']'' (push pole) and the '']'' (spear fork) comprised the '']'' (three implements of arresting) used by samurai police to capture suspected criminals uninjured.<ref></ref>The ''sodegarami'' was used to entangle the sleeves and clothing of an individual who could then be more easily disarmed or dealt with.<ref></ref> The ''sodegarami'' is a type of ]. It is around {{convert|2|m|abbr=on}} in length, with multiple barbed heads facing forwards and backwards. The pole is sturdy hardwood with sharp metal barbs or spines attached to metal strips on one end to keep the person being captured from grabbing the pole. The opposite end of the pole has a metal cap or ''ishizuki'', like those found on '']'' and other polearms. The ''sodegarami'', '']'' (push pole), and '']'' (spear fork) comprise the '']'' (three implements of arresting) used by samurai police to capture suspected criminals uninjured. The ''sodegarami'' was used to entangle the sleeves and clothing of an individual who could then be more easily disarmed or dealt with.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Taiho-Jutsu: Law and Order in the Age of the Samurai|last=Cunningham|first=Don|last2=Hashimoto|first2=Rich|publisher=Tuttle Publishing|year=2004|isbn=978-0-8048-3536-7|pages=|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/taihojutsulaword00donc/page/93}}</ref>


Don Cunningham makes a claim for the evolution of the ''sodegarami'' from the ''yagaramogara'', "a long pole implement employed by naval forces." He goes on to trace that implement back to the ''lang xian'', dating to the ] (1368-1644), which he writes was used to defend against ]. Cunningham gives the following alternative names for the ''sodegarami'': ''roga-bō '', ''shishigashira'', ''neji'', and ''tōrigarami''. The ''sodegarami'' evolved from the ''yagaramogara'', which was a long pole implement employed by naval forces. That instrument in turn was derived from the Chinese ], which was used to defend against ] during the ] (1368–1644). Alternative names for the ''sodegarami'' include ''roga-bō'', ''shishigashira'', ''neji'', and ''tōrigarami''.

== See also ==
* ]
* ]
* ]


==Gallery== ==Gallery==
<Gallery> <gallery>
File:Sodegarami.JPG|Edo period Japanese (samurai) Edo period sodegarami, used by samurai police and security forces to capture armed suspects. File:Sodegarami.JPG|Edo period sodegarami, used by samurai police and security forces to capture armed suspects
File:Sodegarami sasumata.jpg|Sodegarami and sasumata. File:Sodegarami sasumata.jpg|Sodegarami and sasumata
</Gallery> </gallery>


== References == == References ==
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==External links== ==External links==
{{Commons category|Sodegarami}}
{{Commonscat|Samurai weapons and equipment}}


{{Japanese (samurai) weapons, armour and equipment}} {{Japanese (samurai) weapons, armour and equipment}}
{{Polearms}}

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Latest revision as of 22:54, 17 April 2024

Japanese polearm
This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.
Find sources: "Sodegarami" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2017)

Weapons for capturing suspected criminals: on the left tsukubō, in the middle sodegarami, and on the right sasumata

The sodegarami (袖搦, sleeve entangler) is a polearm that was used by the samurai class and their retainers in feudal Japan.

History and description

The sodegarami is a type of man catcher. It is around 2 m (6 ft 7 in) in length, with multiple barbed heads facing forwards and backwards. The pole is sturdy hardwood with sharp metal barbs or spines attached to metal strips on one end to keep the person being captured from grabbing the pole. The opposite end of the pole has a metal cap or ishizuki, like those found on naginata and other polearms. The sodegarami, tsukubō (push pole), and sasumata (spear fork) comprise the torimono sandōgu (three implements of arresting) used by samurai police to capture suspected criminals uninjured. The sodegarami was used to entangle the sleeves and clothing of an individual who could then be more easily disarmed or dealt with.

The sodegarami evolved from the yagaramogara, which was a long pole implement employed by naval forces. That instrument in turn was derived from the Chinese langxian, which was used to defend against Japanese pirates during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644). Alternative names for the sodegarami include roga-bō, shishigashira, neji, and tōrigarami.

Gallery

  • Edo period sodegarami, used by samurai police and security forces to capture armed suspects Edo period sodegarami, used by samurai police and security forces to capture armed suspects
  • Sodegarami and sasumata Sodegarami and sasumata

References

  1. Cunningham, Don; Hashimoto, Rich (2004). Taiho-Jutsu: Law and Order in the Age of the Samurai. Tuttle Publishing. pp. 93-100. ISBN 978-0-8048-3536-7.

Sources

  • Cunningham, Don. Taiho-jutsu:Law and Order in the Age of the Samurai. Boston; Rutland, Vermont; Tokyo: Tuttle Publishing, 2004.
  • 神之田常盛. 剣術神道霞流. 萩原印刷株式会社, 2003.
  • Mol, Serge. Classic Weaponry of Japan: Special Weapons and Tactics of the Martial Arts. Tokyo; New York; London: Kodansha International, 2003.

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