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{{Short description|Genus of single-celled organisms}}
{{italic title}} {{italic title}}
It is a cell.
{{Taxobox {{Taxobox
| name = Coleps | image = Coleps hirtus viridis.jpg
| image_alt = micrograph of a Coleps specimen
| image = 20090315_1800_Coleps.jpg
| image_caption = Coleps | image_caption = ''Coleps'' sp.
| domain = ] | domain = ]
| regnum = ] | unranked_regnum = ]
| superphylum = ] | unranked_superphylum = ]
| phylum = ] | phylum = ]
| classis = ] | classis = ]
| ordo = ]
| familia = ]
⚫ | genus = '''''Coleps'''''
| genus_authority = ], 1827<ref>In ]</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = | subdivision =
⚫ '''''Coleps'''''
⚫ | genus_authority = ]
}} }}
]


'''''Coleps''''' is a ] of ]ted Prostomatea with barrel-shaped bodies.<ref name="Carey">{{Cite book | last1 = Carey | first1 = Philip G. | title = Marine Interstitial Ciliates : An Illustrated Key | year = 1992 | publisher = Chapman Hall | location = London ; New York | isbn = 0-412-40610-1 | pages = 44–47 }}</ref> They can grow up to 250 micrometers in length, but are usually under 100 micrometers in their longest axis.<ref name="Carey" /> ''Coleps'' can be ] distinguished by the ornamentation of their ] ] plates.<ref name="Carey" /> '''''Coleps''''' is a ] of ]s in the class ] with barrel-shaped bodies surrounded by regularly arranged plates composed of calcium carbonate.<ref name="Carey">{{Cite book | last1 = Carey | first1 = Philip G. | title = Marine Interstitial Ciliates : An Illustrated Key | year = 1992 | publisher = Chapman Hall | location = London; New York | isbn = 0-412-40610-1 | pages = 44–47 }}</ref>

== Description ==
Species of ''Coleps'' can grow up to 250&nbsp;μm in length, but are usually under 100&nbsp;μm in their longest axis.<ref name="Carey" /> ''Coleps'' can be ] distinguished by the ornamentation of the ]ic plates which make up their ].<ref name="Carey" /> These plates are located outside ] vesicles of the ], and contain both organic and inorganic components, the latter of which is mostly amorphous ].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lemloh|first1=Marie-Louise|last2=Marin|first2=Frédéric|last3=Herbst|first3=Frédéric|last4=Plasseraud|first4=Laurent|last5=Schweikert|first5=Michael|last6=Baier|first6=Johannes|last7=Bill|first7=Joachim|last8=Brümmer|first8=Franz|title=Genesis of amorphous calcium carbonate containing alveolar plates in the ciliate Coleps hirtus (Ciliophora, Prostomatea)|journal=Journal of Structural Biology|volume=181|issue=2|pages=155–161|doi=10.1016/j.jsb.2012.12.001|pmid=23228488|year=2013|url=http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-ds-100885}}</ref>

===Predatory behavior===
''Coleps'' feeds on ], ], ]s, living and dead ciliates, animal and plant tissues.<ref name="Federico">{{cite journal|last1=Buonanno|first1=Federico|last2=Anesi|first2=Andrea|last3=Guella|first3=Graziano|title=Chemical Offense by Means of Toxicysts in the Freshwater Ciliate, Coleps hirtus|journal=Eukaryotic Microbiology|volume=61|issue=3|pages=293–304|date=January 2014|doi=10.1111/jeu.12106|pmid=24512001|s2cid=206054080 }}</ref> ''Coleps'' uses ], which are organelles containing poison that it uses to capture its prey from its oral area. It extrudes tube-like structures to force toxicysts into its prey and wait until its prey becomes paralyzed. These toxicysts, however, takes about 5–10 minutes to be effective on the prey of the ''Coleps'' and it separates itself from the prey during this time.<ref name="Federico" /> If there are numerous ''Coleps'' hunting for the same prey, some ''Coleps'' will cling to its prey until the toxicysts become effective and fragment the prey, consuming only a few parts.<ref name="Federico" />


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}


==External links== ==Further reading==
* {{cite journal|last1=Wickham|first1=Stephen A.|last2=Gugenberger|first2=Eva|title=Evaluating inducible morphological defences in the common freshwater ciliate, Coleps hirtus|journal=Journal of Plankton Research|date=November 2008|volume=30|issue=11|pages=1315–1321|doi=10.1093/plankt/fbn076|doi-access=free}}
* *

]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q138479}}

⚫ ]
]
⚫ ]


⚫ ]


{{protist-stub}} {{ciliate-stub}}
{{Alveolata}}
]

Latest revision as of 23:00, 30 November 2024

Genus of single-celled organisms

Coleps
micrograph of a Coleps specimen
Coleps sp.
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
(unranked): SAR
(unranked): Alveolata
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Prostomatea
Order: Prorodontida
Family: Colepidae
Genus: Coleps
Nitzsch, 1827
Conjugation of two Coleps sp. Two similar-looking but sexually distinct partners connected at their front ends exchange genetic material via a plasma bridge.

Coleps is a genus of ciliates in the class Prostomatea with barrel-shaped bodies surrounded by regularly arranged plates composed of calcium carbonate.

Description

Species of Coleps can grow up to 250 μm in length, but are usually under 100 μm in their longest axis. Coleps can be taxonomically distinguished by the ornamentation of the ectoplasmic plates which make up their test. These plates are located outside alveolar vesicles of the cell cortex, and contain both organic and inorganic components, the latter of which is mostly amorphous calcium carbonate.

Predatory behavior

Coleps feeds on bacteria, algae, flagellates, living and dead ciliates, animal and plant tissues. Coleps uses toxicysts, which are organelles containing poison that it uses to capture its prey from its oral area. It extrudes tube-like structures to force toxicysts into its prey and wait until its prey becomes paralyzed. These toxicysts, however, takes about 5–10 minutes to be effective on the prey of the Coleps and it separates itself from the prey during this time. If there are numerous Coleps hunting for the same prey, some Coleps will cling to its prey until the toxicysts become effective and fragment the prey, consuming only a few parts.

References

  1. In Allgemeine Encyclopädie (Ersch-Gruber), 1827
  2. ^ Carey, Philip G. (1992). Marine Interstitial Ciliates : An Illustrated Key. London; New York: Chapman Hall. pp. 44–47. ISBN 0-412-40610-1.
  3. Lemloh, Marie-Louise; Marin, Frédéric; Herbst, Frédéric; Plasseraud, Laurent; Schweikert, Michael; Baier, Johannes; Bill, Joachim; Brümmer, Franz (2013). "Genesis of amorphous calcium carbonate containing alveolar plates in the ciliate Coleps hirtus (Ciliophora, Prostomatea)". Journal of Structural Biology. 181 (2): 155–161. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2012.12.001. PMID 23228488.
  4. ^ Buonanno, Federico; Anesi, Andrea; Guella, Graziano (January 2014). "Chemical Offense by Means of Toxicysts in the Freshwater Ciliate, Coleps hirtus". Eukaryotic Microbiology. 61 (3): 293–304. doi:10.1111/jeu.12106. PMID 24512001. S2CID 206054080.

Further reading

Coleps sp., early (left) and late (right) phase of cell division
Taxon identifiers
Coleps


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