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| {{short description|Clan}} | |||
| :''Not to be confused with ] or ].'' | |||
| {{distinguish|Pattani (disambiguation)|Pathania|Patni (disambiguation)}} | |||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}} | |||
| {{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}} | |||
| {{Infobox caste | {{Infobox caste | ||
| |caste_name = Pathni/Pathani | |caste_name = Paatni/Patni/Pathni/Pathani | ||
| |classification = ], ], ] | |classification = ], ], ] | ||
| |subdivisions = Clans based on Raaths. |
|subdivisions = Clans based on Raaths. E.g.: Dhuri, Padhan. | ||
| |populated_states =] | |populated_states =] | ||
| |languages = Gangoli variation of ] |
|languages = Gangoli variation of ] •] •] | ||
| |religions = ] | |religions = ] | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Pathani''' |
The '''Pathani'''/'''Paatni''' (]:पाटनी) are an ethnic group of the Attigoan and Kamsyar region of ] tehsil ] of the ] ] of the Indian state of ]. | ||
| Paatni people are members of a hill raja clan that migrated from ], ] in India to Bhaaloaagar and then to their current location in Uttarakhand in the early 16th century.<ref>History of the Panjab Hill States By J. Hutchison, J.P. Vogel, Asian Educational Services, p213</ref> Atkinson described them as the groups holding small principalities in Kumaon at the end of Katyuri rule and the advent of the ] in ]. After a brief stint with the Chands, they were awarded a grant of the Patti of Attigaon and Kamsyar i.e. the area from Ganaigangoli to Banspatan. | |||
| Atkinson described them as the groups holding small principalities in Kumaon at the end Katyuri rule and the advent of the Chand dynasty in Kumaon. | |||
| After a brief stint with the '''Chands''' they were pacified by the grant of the patti of Attigaon and Kamsyar i.e. the area from Ganaigangoli to Banspatan. | |||
| ==Origins== | ==Origins== | ||
| {{Empty section|date=June 2021}} | |||
| They trace their origin from two chieftains '''Raimal''' and '''Jaimal''' of the ] Rajputs, based in ] which was also known as ''Paithan'' in the medieval age. | |||
| The brothers with their retainers migrated to ] on having lost a battle against the ] Rulers of ] in which they sided with Sikandar Sur (son of ]) and against ]. | |||
| The name Pathani means ''from Paithan'' in the early 16th century. | |||
| Raimal's son Dham Singh established himself in Gwari, patti Attigaon of the ] tehsil of Utttarkhand. | |||
| Dham Singh's four sons founded the four ''Raaths'' of the Pathani clan.<ref>Pande, B. D. (1993). History of Kumaun : English version of "Kumaun ka itihas". Almora, U.P., India: Shyam Prakashan : Shree Almora Book Depot.</ref> | |||
| ==Raaths== | ==Raaths== | ||
| They are divided into four |
They are divided into four Raaths ({{Lang|hi|राठ}}) corresponding with descendants of the four sons of Dham Singh, the original founder of the clan. | ||
| * Padhan Raath; ({{Lang|hi|पधान राठ}}) | |||
| ⚫ | * Dhuri Raath; ({{Lang|hi|धुरि राठ}}) | ||
| ⚫ | * Malla Raath; ({{Lang|hi|मल्ला राठ}}) | ||
| ⚫ | * Paar Raath; ({{Lang|hi|पार राठ}}) | ||
| The word Raath comes from the ] word ''ratha'', meaning chariot, to symbolize that they are bearers of the founder's legacy. | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | ==Language and culture== | ||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | ==Language and |
||
| ===Language=== | ===Language=== | ||
| They speak the Gangoli dialect of ] (गंगोली कुमाँऊनी) and ]. | They speak the Gangoli dialect of ] (गंगोली कुमाँऊनी) and ]. | ||
| ===Religion=== | ===Religion=== | ||
| The majority of the ] population worships the Hindu pantheon as well as other local deities such as ], ], Kaisinn, Kalbisht, and Nanda Devi, similar to other ]. | |||
| The clan's principal deity is |
The clan's principal deity is Sem Dev (सैम देव), who is always invoked along with his brother Haru Dev (हरु देव), the divine spirit of Raja Harish of the Chands. The Dhuri Pathanis also worship Ma Haatkalik, Mata of Gangolihaat and Pardevi along with Haru-Sem. | ||
| ===Customs=== | ===Customs=== | ||
| As ] ], their customs and culture are the same as other Kumaonis. The tradition of Kumaoni Holi, Jhoda and Chanchari songs, and Jaagar the ballads of Gods, Sarau and Choliya the sword dances of Kumaon are a cherished part of their culture. | |||
| ===Priests=== | ===Priests=== | ||
| Line 55: | Line 46: | ||
| ==Festivals== | ==Festivals== | ||
| Their principal festivals are ] - a harvest festival celebrated all over ] '']'' (बिजय दशमी) i.e. Dusshera. On this day, the victory of ] over the demon King Ravana is celebrated; It has special significance for the ] community as weapons are also worshipped on this day. ] or Rakhi or the ''Shravani Purnima'' there signifies the day for changing the sacred thread ''yagnopavit''. Aanthoo festival is dedicated to ] and his consort Mata Parvati. They also celebrate Nandashthami, which is dedicated to Ma Nanda and Ma Sunanda, the patron deities of ]. They participate in the annual Baurani fair commemorating the adventures of Sem Devta with his brother Haru Dev and their nephew ], all of whom are worshipped in the Kumaon region as gods. | |||
| Their principal festivals are Harela - harvest festival which is celebrated all over ] | |||
| ''Bijay dashmi'' (बिजय दशमी) i.e. Dusshera on this day the victory of ] over Demon King Ravana is celebrated it has special significange for the ] community as weapons are also worshipped on this day. | |||
| ⚫ | ==See also== | ||
| ] or Rakhi or the ''Shravani Purnima'' here signifies the day for changing the saced thread ''yagnopavit''. | |||
| * ] | |||
| '''Aanthoo''' festival is basically a festival dedicated to ] and his consort Mata Parvati. | |||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
| Nandashthami, dedicated to '''Ma Nanda and Ma Sunanda''' the patron deities of ] also held in great esteem and regarded as the '''Rann Devi''' (रण देवी) or War Goddess the protector of warriors in battle, is also celebrated. | |||
| They participate in the annual '''Baurani''' fair commemorating the adventures of '''Sem devta''' with his brother '''Haru Dev''' and their nephew ] all of whom are worshipped in the Kumaon region as gods. | |||
| == References == | == References == | ||
| {{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
| == External links == | |||
| * ''The Himalayan Gazetter'' by E. T. Atkinson | * ''The Himalayan Gazetter'' by E. T. Atkinson | ||
| * ''Twarikh Rajgan-e-Pathania-e-Nurpur'' (History of the Pathania Rajas) by Mian Raghunath Singh Pathania | |||
| * ''The History of Kumaun'' by B. D. Pandey | * ''The History of Kumaun'' by B. D. Pandey | ||
| * Uma Prasad Thapliyal (2005). ''Uttaranchal: Historical and cultural perspectives''. B.R. Pub. Corp.,. ISBN |
* Uma Prasad Thapliyal (2005). ''Uttaranchal: Historical and cultural perspectives''. B.R. Pub. Corp.,. {{ISBN|81-7646-463-5}}. | ||
| * Umachand Handa (2002). ''History of Uttaranchal''. Indus Publishing. ISBN |
* Umachand Handa (2002). ''History of Uttaranchal''. Indus Publishing. {{ISBN|81-7387-134-5}} | ||
| * https://www.indianmoviereviews.com/?m=1 | |||
| ⚫ | ==See also== | ||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:51, 11 December 2024
Clan Not to be confused with Pattani (disambiguation), Pathania, or Patni (disambiguation).
| Paatni/Patni/Pathni/Pathani | |
|---|---|
| Classification | aristocracy, feudatory, landlord |
| Religions | Hinduism |
| Languages | Gangoli variation of •Kumaoni •Garhwali •Hindi |
| Populated states | Uttarakhand |
| Subdivisions | Clans based on Raaths. E.g.: Dhuri, Padhan. |
The Pathani/Paatni (Kumaoni:पाटनी) are an ethnic group of the Attigoan and Kamsyar region of Gangolihat tehsil Pithoragarh district of the Kumaon Himalayas of the Indian state of Uttarakhand.
Paatni people are members of a hill raja clan that migrated from Patan, Rajasthan in India to Bhaaloaagar and then to their current location in Uttarakhand in the early 16th century. Atkinson described them as the groups holding small principalities in Kumaon at the end of Katyuri rule and the advent of the Chand dynasty in Kumaon. After a brief stint with the Chands, they were awarded a grant of the Patti of Attigaon and Kamsyar i.e. the area from Ganaigangoli to Banspatan.
Origins
 | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (June 2021) |
Raaths
They are divided into four Raaths (राठ) corresponding with descendants of the four sons of Dham Singh, the original founder of the clan.
- Padhan Raath; (पधान राठ)
- Dhuri Raath; (धुरि राठ)
- Malla Raath; (मल्ला राठ)
- Paar Raath; (पार राठ)
The word Raath comes from the Sanskrit word ratha, meaning chariot, to symbolize that they are bearers of the founder's legacy.
Language and culture
Language
They speak the Gangoli dialect of Kumaoni (गंगोली कुमाँऊनी) and Hindi.
Religion
The majority of the Hindu population worships the Hindu pantheon as well as other local deities such as Aidi Devta, Golu Devta, Kaisinn, Kalbisht, and Nanda Devi, similar to other Kumaonis.
The clan's principal deity is Sem Dev (सैम देव), who is always invoked along with his brother Haru Dev (हरु देव), the divine spirit of Raja Harish of the Chands. The Dhuri Pathanis also worship Ma Haatkalik, Mata of Gangolihaat and Pardevi along with Haru-Sem.
Customs
As Kumaoni Rajputs, their customs and culture are the same as other Kumaonis. The tradition of Kumaoni Holi, Jhoda and Chanchari songs, and Jaagar the ballads of Gods, Sarau and Choliya the sword dances of Kumaon are a cherished part of their culture.
Priests
Their customary priests are the Upadhyay clan of Brahmins of Devrari Kuna.
Festivals
Their principal festivals are Harela - a harvest festival celebrated all over Kumaon Vijayadashami (बिजय दशमी) i.e. Dusshera. On this day, the victory of Lord Rama over the demon King Ravana is celebrated; It has special significance for the Rajput community as weapons are also worshipped on this day. Raksha Bandhan or Rakhi or the Shravani Purnima there signifies the day for changing the sacred thread yagnopavit. Aanthoo festival is dedicated to Shiva and his consort Mata Parvati. They also celebrate Nandashthami, which is dedicated to Ma Nanda and Ma Sunanda, the patron deities of Kumaon. They participate in the annual Baurani fair commemorating the adventures of Sem Devta with his brother Haru Dev and their nephew Golu Devta, all of whom are worshipped in the Kumaon region as gods.
See also
References
- History of the Panjab Hill States By J. Hutchison, J.P. Vogel, Asian Educational Services, p213
External links
- The Himalayan Gazetter by E. T. Atkinson
- The History of Kumaun by B. D. Pandey
- Uma Prasad Thapliyal (2005). Uttaranchal: Historical and cultural perspectives. B.R. Pub. Corp.,. ISBN 81-7646-463-5.
- Umachand Handa (2002). History of Uttaranchal. Indus Publishing. ISBN 81-7387-134-5
- https://www.indianmoviereviews.com/?m=1