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| {{Short description|Ruling classes who profit from slavery}} | |||
| A '''plantocracy''' is a ruling class, political order or government comprised of (or dominated by) plantation owners. | |||
| {{more citations needed|date=May 2019}} | |||
| {{Globalize|date=March 2024}} | |||
| A '''slavocracy''' (from '']'' + '']'') is a ] primarily ruled by a ] of ], such as those in the ] ] and ] during the ]. The term was initially coined in the 1830s by ] ] as a ] and subsequently used in wider senses, including as a term for the planter class of such a society itself.<ref>{{citation |last= |first= |date=2023 |contribution=slavocracy, ''n.'' |contribution-url=https://www.oed.com/dictionary/slavocracy_n |url=http://www.oed.com |title=Oxford English Dictionary |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford }}.</ref> Slavocracies are also sometimes known as '''plantocracies''', after "]" used as a term for the owners of ]. | |||
| A number of early European ] in the ] were largely plantocracies, with a small European, settler population relying on a large non-European chattel slaves population (as well as European indentured slaves), and later, sharecroppers for labour. Many plantocracies proved to be a decisive antiabolitionist force. One prominent organization largely representing (and collectively funded by) a number of plantocracies was the West Indies Lobby in the British Parliament, one which significantly dealyed the Abolition of the Slave Trade (1806-1808) and the Emancipation of chattel slavery (from 1823-1833, supplanted by a policy known as Amelioration) in the British Empire (1834-1838). | |||
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| A number of European colonies in the ] were largely slavocracies, usually consisting of a small European ] relying on a predominantly West African ] population as well as smaller numbers of ]s, both European and non-European in origin. In the ], ] were primarily used ], while in ] ] were primarily used ]. These ] societies attempted to resist the ] movement{{citation needed|date=June 2021}} and subsequently relied on ] and poor white ]s for labor following ]. | |||
| One prominent organization largely representing and collectively funded by a number of British slavocracies was the "]", which lobbied the ] on behalf of planters. It is credited with delaying the abolition of the slave trade from the 1790s until 1806–1808 and then delaying emancipation into the 1820s and 1830s, extracting reparations for the lost "property" in a policy known as "amelioration".{{citation needed|date=June 2021}} | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| *] | |||
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| *], a term used by American abolitionists in the 1840s and 1850s to argue that Southern agrarian interests wielded disproportionate political power in the United States | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
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| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
| ==Sources== | |||
| * B.W. Higman. "The West India Interest in Parliament," ''Historical Studies'' (1967), 13: pp. 1–19. | |||
| * See the historical journal: ''Plantation Society in the Americas'' for a host of pertinent articles. | |||
| * Steel, Mark James (PhD Dissertation). ''Power, Prejudice and Profit: the World View of the Jamaican Slaveowning Elite, 1788-1834,'' (University of Liverpool Press, Liverpool 1988). | |||
| * Luster, Robert Edward (PhD Dissertation). ''The Amelioration of the Slaves in the British Empire, 1790-1833'' (New York University Press, 1998). | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 22:15, 22 March 2024
Ruling classes who profit from slavery | This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Slavocracy" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
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A slavocracy (from slave + -ocracy) is a society primarily ruled by a class of slaveholders, such as those in the southern United States and their confederacy during the American Civil War. The term was initially coined in the 1830s by northern abolitionists as a term of disparagement and subsequently used in wider senses, including as a term for the planter class of such a society itself. Slavocracies are also sometimes known as plantocracies, after "planter" used as a term for the owners of plantations.
A number of European colonies in the New World were largely slavocracies, usually consisting of a small European settler population relying on a predominantly West African chattel slave population as well as smaller numbers of indentured servants, both European and non-European in origin. In the Caribbean, the slaves were primarily used to produce sugar, while in North America the slaves were primarily used to produce cotton. These proslavery societies attempted to resist the abolitionist movement and subsequently relied on freed black and poor white sharecroppers for labor following abolition.
One prominent organization largely representing and collectively funded by a number of British slavocracies was the "West India Interest", which lobbied the British parliament on behalf of planters. It is credited with delaying the abolition of the slave trade from the 1790s until 1806–1808 and then delaying emancipation into the 1820s and 1830s, extracting reparations for the lost "property" in a policy known as "amelioration".
See also
- Confederate States of America
- London Society of West India Planters and Merchants
- Slave Power, a term used by American abolitionists in the 1840s and 1850s to argue that Southern agrarian interests wielded disproportionate political power in the United States
- Slavery in Brazil
- Sugar plantations in the Caribbean
- Maroon (people)
- American gentry
- Planter class
References
- "slavocracy, n.", Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2023.
Sources
- B.W. Higman. "The West India Interest in Parliament," Historical Studies (1967), 13: pp. 1–19.
- See the historical journal: Plantation Society in the Americas for a host of pertinent articles.
- Steel, Mark James (PhD Dissertation). Power, Prejudice and Profit: the World View of the Jamaican Slaveowning Elite, 1788-1834, (University of Liverpool Press, Liverpool 1988).
- Luster, Robert Edward (PhD Dissertation). The Amelioration of the Slaves in the British Empire, 1790-1833 (New York University Press, 1998).