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{{Short description|American cyclist, writer and mechanic}}
{{use mdy dates |date=April 2023}}
{{Infobox person {{Infobox person
| name = Sheldon Brown | name = Sheldon Brown
| image = SheldonBrown.jpeg | image = SheldonBrown.jpeg
| image_size = | image_size =
| caption = Sheldon Brown, ] | caption = Brown, ]
| birth_date = {{birth date|mf=yes|1944|7|14}} | birth_date = {{birth date|mf=yes|1944|7|14}}
| birth_place = Boston, Massachusetts, USA | birth_place = ], US
| death_date = {{death date and age|mf=yes|2008|2|4|1944|7|14}}<ref name=deathcertificate></ref> | death_date = {{death date and age|mf=yes|2008|2|4|1944|7|14}}
| death_place = Newton, Massachusetts, USA<ref name=deathcertificate/> | death_place = ], US
| resting_place =
| death_cause = ]
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates = | resting_place_coordinates =
| nationality = American
| residence = ]
| other_names = Christopher Joyce (]);<ref name="selfpage"/> Carapace Completed Umber (])<ref>{{cite web
| nationality = ]
| other_names = Christopher Joyce (]);<ref name="selfpage"/> Carapace Completed Umber (])<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/carapace.html | url = http://sheldonbrown.com/carapace.html
| title = Postings by Carapace Completed Umber | title = Postings by Carapace Completed Umber
| quote = Although I am well known to have no sense of humor whatever, my alter ego, Carapace Completed Umber, is silly enough for both of us. This page collects some of his postings to various bicycle-related newsgroups. | quote = Although I am well known to have no sense of humor whatever, my alter ego, Carapace Completed Umber, is silly enough for both of us. This page collects some of his postings to various bicycle-related newsgroups.
| author = Sheldon Brown | author = Sheldon Brown
| accessdate = 2012-12-27}}</ref> | access-date = 2012-12-27}}</ref>
| known_for = | known_for =
| education = | education =
| employer = Harris Cyclery | employer = Harris Cyclery
| occupation = bicycle shop employee | occupation = {{flatlist|
* bicycle mechanic
| home_town = ]
* technical expert
| spouse = Harriet Fell
* author
| partner =
}}
| children = Tova and George
| spouse = Harriet Fell
| parents = George Matson Brown and Madalyn Joyce Brown
| partner =
| website = http://www.sheldonbrown.com/
| children = 2
| footnotes = <ref name="selfpage">{{cite web |url=http://www.sheldonbrown.com/home.html |title=Sheldon Brown's Home Page |accessdate=2008-02-04 |last=Brown |first=Sheldon
| website = http://sheldonbrown.com/
| footnotes = <ref name="selfpage">{{cite web |url=http://sheldonbrown.com/home.html |title=Sheldon Brown's Home Page |access-date=2008-02-04 |last=Brown |first=Sheldon
|quote=Unfortunately, due to health problems, I have not been able to ride bicycles since early September, 2006.}}</ref> |quote=Unfortunately, due to health problems, I have not been able to ride bicycles since early September, 2006.}}</ref>
}} }}


'''Sheldon Brown''' (July 14, 1944 – February 4, 2008)<ref name=deathcertificate/> was an ] ] and a recognized technical expert and author on ].<ref name = "TheGlobe">{{cite web '''Sheldon Brown''' (July 14, 1944 – February 4, 2008) was an American bicycle ], technical expert and author.<ref>{{cite web
| last = Kerber
| first = Ross
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| title = Homespun wisdom
| publisher = '']''
| date = 2008-02-08
| url = http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2008/02/08/homepsun_wisdom/
| quote = To a worldwide readership, Brown was a sage in cyberspace.
| format =
| doi =
| accessdate = 2012-12-25}}</ref><ref name="TheTimes">{{cite news
| publisher = '']''
| url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article3469993.ece
| title = Sheldon Brown Obituary
| quote = His knowledge of bicycles ... was encyclopedic
| date = 2008-03-03
| accessdate = 2012-12-25}}</ref><ref name = "BikeRadar">{{cite news
| first = Gary
| last = Boulanger
| title = Sheldon Brown: 1944 - 2008
| url = http://www.bikeradar.com/news/article/sheldon-brown-1944-2008-14433
| work = ''BikeRadar''
| publisher = Future Publishing Limited
| location = ]
| date = 2008-02-04
| quote = Sheldon Brown, the human encyclopedia of bicycling knowledge and a famous employee of Harris Cyclery in Massachusetts, died of a massive heart attack Sunday evening, February 3.
| accessdate = 2012-12-25}}</ref><ref name = "Wired">{{cite web
| url = http://www.wired.com/underwire/2008/02/sheldon-brown-w/
| title = Sheldon Brown, Web’s Cycling Guru, Dies
| first = Ryan
| last = Singel
| publisher = '']''
| quote = Brown worked as the technical guru and Webmaster for Harris Cyclery in West Newton, Massachusetts.
| accessdate = 2012-12-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.wickedlocal.com/newton/news/x1651593364?zc_p=0#axzz2GHyEsrNd | url = http://www.wickedlocal.com/newton/news/x1651593364?zc_p=0#axzz2GHyEsrNd
| title = Newton cyclist, guru, long-time bike shop mechanic dies suddenly | title = Newton cyclist, guru, long-time bike shop mechanic dies suddenly
| date = Feb 06, 2008 | date = Feb 6, 2008
| author = Candy Kosow Gold | author = Candy Kosow Gold
| publisher = '']'' | work = ]
| accessdate = 2012-120-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | access-date = 2012-12-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = http://velonews.competitor.com/2008/02/news/friends-pay-respect-to-sheldon-brown_71802 | url = http://velonews.competitor.com/2008/02/news/friends-pay-respect-to-sheldon-brown_71802
| title = Friends pay respect to Sheldon Brown | title = Friends pay respect to Sheldon Brown
| publisher = ''VeloNews'' | work = VeloNews
| date = Feb. 5, 2008 | date = Feb 5, 2008
| quote = Bike-tech wizard Sheldon Brown died of a heart attack on Sunday. He was 63. | quote = Bike-tech wizard Sheldon Brown died of a heart attack on Sunday. He was 63.
| accessdate = 2013-01-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | access-date = 2013-01-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
| http://www.bicycleretailer.com/north-america/2008/02/04/tech-guru-sheldon-brown-dies#.UPq2iicjVQB | url=http://www.bicycleretailer.com/north-america/2008/02/04/tech-guru-sheldon-brown-dies
| title = Tech Guru Sheldon Brown Dies | title = Tech Guru Sheldon Brown Dies
| author = Matt Wiebe | author = Matt Wiebe
| date = February 4, 2008 | date = February 4, 2008
| publisher = ''Bicycle Retailer and Industry News'' | work = Bicycle Retailer and Industry News
| quote = Sheldon Brown, who could explain the intricacies of 40-year-old Sturmey Archer hubs with the same patient clarity with which he would explain suspension or integrated shifters, died from a sudden heart attack Sunday night. | quote = Sheldon Brown, who could explain the intricacies of 40-year-old Sturmey Archer hubs with the same patient clarity with which he would explain suspension or integrated shifters, died from a sudden heart attack Sunday night.
| accessdate = 2013-01-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | access-date = 2013-01-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.popsci.com/diy/article/2008-02/sheldon-brown-webs-foremost-diy-bike-guru-passes-away | url = http://www.popsci.com/diy/article/2008-02/sheldon-brown-webs-foremost-diy-bike-guru-passes-away
| publisher = '']'' | work = ]
| title = Sheldon Brown, the Web's Foremost DIY Bike Guru, Passes Away | title = Sheldon Brown, the Web's Foremost DIY Bike Guru, Passes Away
| author = By John Mahoney | author= John Mahoney
| date = Feb 6, 2008 | date = Feb 6, 2008
| quote = Maintained the most prolific online bike encyclopedia since 1997 | quote = Maintained the most prolific online bike encyclopedia since 1997
| accessdate = 2013-01-19}}</ref> He had contributed to print and online sources related to bicycling and bicycle mechanics. | access-date = 2013-01-19}}</ref> He contributed to print and online sources related to bicycling and bicycle mechanics, in particular the web site ''Sheldon Brown's Bicycle Technical Info''. His knowledge of bicycles was described as "encyclopaedic" by '']'' of London.<ref name="TheTimes">{{cite news
| work = ]
| url = https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/sheldon-brown-0rt96nm86l5
| title = Sheldon Brown Obituary
| quote = His knowledge of bicycles ... was encyclopedic
| date = 2008-03-03
| access-date = 2012-12-25}}</ref>


==Biography== ==Background==
Brown was the parts manager, webmaster and technical consultant of Harris Cyclery,<ref name = "Wired">{{cite magazine
Brown was the parts manager, webmaster and technical consultant of Harris Cyclery,<ref name = "Wired"/> a ] in ]. He was an enthusiast for<ref name = "Wired"/> and maintained pages about old and classic bicycles and cycling, including ] and English ]s,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sheldonbrown.com/english-3.html |title=Servicing English Three Speeds |accessdate=2008-02-05 |last=Brown |first=Sheldon |publisher=Sheldon Brown}}</ref> ] hubs,<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.wired.com/underwire/2008/02/sheldon-brown-w/
| title = Sheldon Brown, Web's Cycling Guru, Dies
| first = Ryan
| last = Singel
| magazine = ]
| quote = Brown worked as the technical guru and Webmaster for Harris Cyclery in West Newton, Massachusetts.
| access-date = 2012-12-25}}</ref> a ] in ], as well as an enthusiast of vintage and classic bicycles in addition to cycling in general.<ref name = "Wired"/> Brown maintained ''Sheldon Brown's Bicycle Technical Info'', a web site highlighting a broad range of cycling subjects ranging from how to fix a bicycle flat tire to details on ] and English ]s,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sheldonbrown.com/english-3.html |title=Servicing English Three Speeds |access-date=2008-02-05 |last=Brown |first=Sheldon |publisher=Sheldon Brown}}</ref> ] hubs,<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/sturmey-archer.html | url = http://sheldonbrown.com/sturmey-archer.html
| title = Sturmey-Archer Bicycle Hubs | title = Sturmey-Archer Bicycle Hubs
| author = Sheldon Brown | author = Sheldon Brown
| accessdate = 2012-12-27}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web | access-date = 2012-12-27}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/tandem/ | url = http://sheldonbrown.com/tandem/
| title = Tandem Bicycle articles | title = Tandem Bicycle articles
| author = Sheldon Brown | author = Sheldon Brown
| accessdate = 2012-12-27}}</ref> and ]s.<ref>{{cite web | access-date = 2012-12-27}}</ref> and ]s.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/fixed/index.html | url = http://sheldonbrown.com/fixed/index.html
| title = Articles about Fixed Gear Cycling and Equipment | title = Articles about Fixed Gear Cycling and Equipment
| author = Sheldon Brown | author = Sheldon Brown
| accessdate = 2012-12-27}}</ref> He repaired cameras,<ref name = "TheGlobe"/> and was an ] and his site features his photographic work.<ref>{{cite web | access-date = 2012-12-27}}</ref> He repaired cameras and was an ].<ref name = "TheGlobe">{{cite news
| last = Kerber
| first = Ross
| title = Homespun wisdom
| newspaper = ]
| date = 2008-02-08
| url = http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2008/02/08/homepsun_wisdom/
| quote = To a worldwide readership, Brown was a sage in cyberspace.
| access-date = 2012-12-25}}</ref><ref name = "BikeRadar">{{cite news
| first = Gary
| last = Boulanger
| title = Sheldon Brown: 1944 - 2008
| url = http://www.bikeradar.com/news/article/sheldon-brown-1944-2008-14433
| work = BikeRadar
| publisher = Future Publishing Limited
| location = ]
| date = 2008-02-04
| quote = Sheldon Brown, the human encyclopedia of bicycling knowledge and a famous employee of Harris Cyclery in Massachusetts, died of a massive heart attack Sunday evening, February 3.
| access-date = 2012-12-25}}</ref> His site features his photographic work.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/org//photography.html | url = http://sheldonbrown.com/org//photography.html
| title = Sheldon Brown's Photography Page | title = Sheldon Brown's Photography Page
| author = Sheldon Brown | author = Sheldon Brown
| accessdate = 2012-12-27}}</ref> | access-date = 2012-12-27}}</ref>


Brown maintained a and had lived and cycled in ] and wrote on his family's travels in France.<ref>{{cite web Brown maintained an English-French cycling dictionary, having lived and cycled in ] and written about his family's travels in France.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.sheldonbrown.com/org/france.html | url = http://sheldonbrown.com/org/france.html
| title = Sheldon Brown's France Page | title = Sheldon Brown's France Page
| author = Sheldon Brown | author = Sheldon Brown
| quote = Our family lived in France for the 1988-89 school year, in Chevreuse, a small village 30 km southwest of Paris. We loved the place and the people, and we miss them very much. | quote = Our family lived in France for the 1988-89 school year, in Chevreuse, a small village 30 km southwest of Paris. We loved the place and the people, and we miss them very much.
| accessdate = 2012-12-27}}</ref> | access-date = 2012-12-27}}</ref>


Brown was an atheist.<ref>https://www.sheldonbrown.com/home.html "Some Things I Do Not Believe In: Angels, Astrology,... Devils, Elves, Faeries, Faith, Gods, "Intelligent Design", Leprechauns, ...Magic..."</ref>
After developing nerve deterioration over the last years of his life, Brown lost his ability to ride an ]<ref name="selfpage"/> and continued riding with a ] ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sheldonbrown.org/ms.html |title=The Bright Side of MS by Sheldon Brown |accessdate=2008-02-05 |last=Brown |first=Sheldon |publisher=Sheldon Brown
|quote=I haven't been able to ride a bike since early September, 2006 though I can still ride my Greenspeed trike, very slowly.}}</ref> In August 2007, Brown was diagnosed with ] and died in February 2008 after a ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sheldonbrown.com/harris/index.html |title=Sheldon Brown: 1944 - 2008 |accessdate=2008-02-05}}</ref><ref name = "BikeRadar"/><ref name="TheTimes"/>


===Online=== ===Online===
Brown's website, developed with Harris Cyclery, includes a deeply knowledgeable and accessible database of technical bicycle information. In particular a wide selection of knowledge of common bicycles from the second half of the 20th century that use non-standard parts. The site remains current as of 2023, maintained by his widow, Harriet Fell, and his friend John Allen, "a nationally recognized bicycling expert who helped found the Cambridge Bicycle Committee."<ref>{{cite web |last=Fell |first=Harriet |title=What's New on sheldonbrown.com |url=https://sheldonbrown.com/new-scb.html |access-date=2010-12-22 |publisher=Harriet Fell and John Allen}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Kristen Lombardi |date=August 2002 |title=A dangerous & now deadly bicycle policy |url=http://www.bostonphoenix.com/boston/news_features/top/features/documents/02379848.htm |access-date=2012-12-27 |work=The Boston Phoenix |quote=John Allen, a nationally recognized bicycling expert who helped found the Cambridge Bicycle Committee.}}</ref> Up until 2021, the commercial pages were maintained and updated by Harris Cyclery employees,<ref>{{cite web
Brown's website, developed with Harris Cyclery, includes technical information. The site remains current as of January 2013 - the commercial pages are maintained and updated by Harris Cyclery employees,<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/harris/accessories.html | url = http://sheldonbrown.com/harris/accessories.html
| title = Harris Cyclery Bicycle Accessories | title = Harris Cyclery Bicycle Accessories
| quote = Copyright © 2005, 2008, 2012 Harris Cyclery | quote = Copyright © 2005, 2008, 2012 Harris Cyclery
| access-date = 2012-12-27}}</ref> but Harris Cyclery closed in 2021 due to economic pressures and supply chain shortages.<ref>{{Cite web |first=John |last=Hilliard |date=June 24, 2021 |title='We had people with tears in their eyes': West Newton bicycle shop closes after 70 years |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2021/06/24/metro/we-had-people-with-tears-their-eyes-west-newton-bicycle-shop-closes-after-70-years/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=BostonGlobe.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://road.cc/content/news/updated-sheldon-browns-website-continue-284033|title=Sheldon Brown’s website to continue despite bike shop where he worked closing down|date=June 15, 2021|author=Simon MacMichael|publisher=road.cc|access-date=2024-03-19}}</ref> Brown maintained the site's glossary of ], online guide to ], as well as the ] of the technical work of Damon Rinard,<ref>{{cite web
| accessdate = 2012-12-27}}</ref> and the informational pages by his widow, Harriet Fell and his friend, John Allen,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sheldonbrown.com/new-scb.html |title=What's New on sheldonbrown.com |accessdate=2010-12-22 |last=Fell |first=Harriet |publisher=Harriet Fell and John Allen}}</ref> "a nationally recognized bicycling expert who helped found the Cambridge Bicycle Committee."<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.bostonphoenix.com/boston/news_features/top/features/documents/02379848.htm | url = http://sheldonbrown.com/rinard/
| title = A dangerous & now deadly bicycle policy
| author = Kristen Lombardi
| date = August 2002
| publisher = The Boston Phoenix
| quote = John Allen, a nationally recognized bicycling expert who helped found the Cambridge Bicycle Committee.
| accessdate = 2012-12-27}}</ref> Brown maintained the site's of ], online guide to ], as well as the ] of the technical work of Damon Rinard,<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.sheldonbrown.com/rinard/
| title = Damon Rinard's Bicycle Tech Site | title = Damon Rinard's Bicycle Tech Site
| quote = Damon Rinard maintained and hosted the Rinard Tech Pages up until May, 2001, when a change in employment made it impractical for him to continue. | quote = Damon Rinard maintained and hosted the Rinard Tech Pages up until May, 2001, when a change in employment made it impractical for him to continue. Since this site is too good to be allowed to disappear from the Web, Harris Cyclery is now hosting it, with Damon's permission and cooperation.
| access-date = 2012-12-27}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web
Since this site is too good to be allowed to disappear from the Web, Harris Cyclery is now hosting it, with Damon's permission and cooperation.
| accessdate = 2012-12-27}}</ref> Jobst Brandt,<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/brandt/ | url = http://sheldonbrown.com/brandt/
| title = Frequently Asked Questions about Bicycles and Bicycling | title = Frequently Asked Questions about Bicycles and Bicycling
| author = Jobst Brandt | author = Jobst Brandt
| accessdate = 2012-12-28}}</ref> and others.<ref>{{cite web | access-date = 2012-12-28}}</ref> and others.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.adventurecycling.org/resources/2008FebBrownSheldon.pdf | url = http://www.adventurecycling.org/resources/2008FebBrownSheldon.pdf
| title = Sheldon Brown 1944-2008 | title = Sheldon Brown 1944-2008
Line 152: Line 141:
| date = February 2008 | date = February 2008
| publisher = ] | publisher = ]
| accessdate = 2012-12-28}}</ref> Brown had also participated in online cycling forums such as rec.bicycles.tech ] and bikeforums.net.<ref name = "TheGlobe"/> | access-date = 2012-12-28}}</ref> Brown had also participated in online cycling forums such as rec.bicycles.tech ] and bikeforums.net.<ref name = "TheGlobe"/>


Brown was a proponent of ], ] bicycles for ordinary street use.<ref>{{cite web Brown was a proponent of ], ] bicycles for ordinary street use.<ref>{{cite web
Line 158: Line 147:
| title = Singlespeed Bicycle Conversions | title = Singlespeed Bicycle Conversions
| author = Sheldon Brown | author = Sheldon Brown
| accessdate = 2012-12-27}}</ref> Brown developed a method to determine and compare bicycle gear ratios with Galen Evans and Osman Isvan. For any combination of front chainring, rear cog, wheel size and crank length, his method results in a number that Brown terms the "gain ratio".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sheldonbrown.com/gain.html |title=Gain Ratios |accessdate=2008-02-08 |last=Brown |first=Sheldon |publisher=Sheldon Brown}}</ref> | access-date = 2012-12-27}}</ref> Brown, with Galen Evans and Osman Isvan, developed a method to determine and compare bicycle gear ratios. For any combination of front chainring, rear cog, wheel size and crank length, his method results in a number that Brown terms the "gain ratio".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sheldonbrown.com/gain.html |title=Gain Ratios |access-date=2008-02-08 |last=Brown |first=Sheldon |publisher=Sheldon Brown}}</ref> Also, Brown expressed opinions on chain cleaning, lubrication and wear,<ref name = "Brown_Allen_Chain">{{cite web

Also, Brown expressed personal opinions on chain cleaning, lubrication and wear,<ref name = "Brown_Allen_Chain">{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/chains.html | url = http://sheldonbrown.com/chains.html
| title = Chain Maintenance | title = Chain Maintenance
| authors = Sheldon Brown & John Allen | author = Sheldon Brown & John Allen
| quote = Chain maintenance is one of the most controversial aspects of bicycle mechanics. | quote = Chain maintenance is one of the most controversial aspects of bicycle mechanics.
| accessdate = 2013-01-10}}</ref> a source of controversy in the field of bicycle maintenance.<ref name = "Brown_Allen_Chain"/><ref>{{cite web | access-date = 2013-01-10}}</ref> a source of controversy in the field of bicycle maintenance.<ref name = "Brown_Allen_Chain"/><ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.slowtwitch.com/Tech/Chain_How-To_-_Part_1_3279.html | url = http://www.slowtwitch.com/Tech/Chain_How-To_-_Part_1_3279.html
| title = Chain How-To - Part 1 | title = Chain How-To - Part 1
Line 172: Line 159:
| quote = Why then, is there so much controversy surrounding chains? For such a (seemingly) black-and-white topic, there is an astounding amount of perceived ‘chain black magic’. How do they work? Why do they break? What’s the proper way to lube a chain – wax, oil plus additives, sewing machine oil, or something else entirely? | quote = Why then, is there so much controversy surrounding chains? For such a (seemingly) black-and-white topic, there is an astounding amount of perceived ‘chain black magic’. How do they work? Why do they break? What’s the proper way to lube a chain – wax, oil plus additives, sewing machine oil, or something else entirely?
| publisher = SlowTwitch.com | publisher = SlowTwitch.com
| accessdate = 2012-12-31}}{{unreliable source|date=January 2013}}</ref> | access-date = 2012-12-31}}</ref>

In addition to the wide array of bike mechanics and repair articles, Brown's website also contains sections on family cycling,<ref name = "Family_Cycling">{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/familyCycling.html
| title = Family Cycling Articles
| author = Sheldon Brown
| access-date = December 10, 2015}}</ref> touring,<ref name = "Touring">{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/touring/index.html
| title = Articles about Touring
| author = Sheldon Brown
| access-date = December 10, 2015}}</ref> a bike humor section,<ref name = "Bicycle_Humor">{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/bicycleHumor.html
| title = Bicycle Humor
| author = Sheldon Brown
| access-date = December 10, 2015}}</ref> as well as essays and fiction about cycling.<ref name = "Essays_and_Fiction">{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/essays.html
| title = Bicycle Essays and Fiction
| author = Sheldon Brown
| access-date = December 10, 2015}}</ref> His humorous online articles frequently appeared on April 1.<ref></ref>

==Final years and death==
After developing nerve deterioration over the last years of his life, Brown lost his ability to ride an ]<ref name="selfpage"/> and continued riding with a ] ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sheldonbrown.org/ms.html |title=The Bright Side of MS by Sheldon Brown |access-date=2008-02-05 |last=Brown |first=Sheldon |publisher=Sheldon Brown
|quote=I haven't been able to ride a bike since early September, 2006 though I can still ride my Greenspeed trike, very slowly.}}</ref> In August 2007, Brown was diagnosed with ]. He died on February 4, 2008, in Newton, Massachusetts,<ref name=deathcertificate></ref> after a ].<ref name="TheTimes"/><ref name = "BikeRadar"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://sheldonbrown.com/harris/index.html |title=Sheldon Brown: 1944 - 2008 |access-date=2008-02-05}}</ref>


===Print Publications=== ==Print publications, awards, and citations==
Brown was a contributing writer for ''Bike World'' magazine (USA)<ref name = "SheldonBrown.com">{{cite web Brown was a contributing writer for ''Bike World'' magazine (USA)<ref name = "SheldonBrown.com">{{cite web
|url = http://sheldonbrown.com/home.html |url = http://sheldonbrown.com/home.html
|title = Sheldon Brown's Home Page |title = Sheldon Brown's Home Page
|author = Sheldon Brown |author = Sheldon Brown
| accessdate = 2012-12-27}}</ref> and for ] magazine (USA),<ref name = "SheldonBrown.com"/> then for the trade magazine ''American Bicyclist''.<ref name = "SheldonBrown.com"/> Brown wrote the "Mechanical Advantage" column for ''Adventure Cyclist'', the magazine of the ]<ref name = "SheldonBrown.com"/><ref>{{cite web | access-date = 2012-12-27}}</ref> and for ] magazine (USA),<ref name = "SheldonBrown.com"/> and then for the trade magazine ''American Bicyclist''.<ref name = "SheldonBrown.com"/> Brown wrote the "Mechanical Advantage" column for ''Adventure Cyclist'', the magazine of the ],<ref name = "SheldonBrown.com"/><ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.adventurecycling.org/resources/fenders.pdf | url = http://www.adventurecycling.org/resources/fenders.pdf
| title = Who Needs Fenders? All but fair-weather cyclists | title = Who Needs Fenders? All but fair-weather cyclists
Line 185: Line 194:
| publisher = ] | publisher = ]
| date = July 1999 | date = July 1999
| access-date = 2012-12-27}}</ref> "from 1997 through 2007."<ref>{{cite web
| accessdate = 2012-12-27}}</ref> In October 2003, Brown reported on his site that he was issued a certificate of commendation for his contribution to cycling by the ]'s ] (CTC).<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/articles-adv-cycling.html
| title = Sheldon Brown's Adventure Cycling Articles
| author = John Allen
| date = July 23, 2011
| access-date = 2013-01-21}}</ref>

In October 2003, Brown was awarded a certificate of commendation for his contribution to cycling by the ]'s ] (CTC).<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://sheldonbrown.com/org/journal/journal-0309.html | url = http://sheldonbrown.com/org/journal/journal-0309.html
| title = Sheldon Brown's Journal | title = Sheldon Brown's Journal
| author = ] | author = Cyclists' Touring Club
| author-link = CTC (cycling)
| publisher = Sheldon Brown | publisher = Sheldon Brown
| quote = One of the oldest and most highly respected cycling organizations in the world is the 125 year old Cyclists Touring Club. I'm very, very proud that they have voted to issue a Certificate of Commendation to me for my Website and other Internet activities. | quote = One of the oldest and most highly respected cycling organizations in the world is the 125 year old Cyclists Touring Club. I'm very, very proud that they have voted to issue a Certificate of Commendation to me for my Website and other Internet activities.
| date = October 6, 2003 | date = October 6, 2003
| access-date = 2012-12-31}}</ref> Brown received the Classic Rendezvous Vintage Bicycle Award in 2005.<ref>{{cite web
| accessdate = 2012-12-31}}</ref> CTC's Chris Juden mentioned Brown's site in his response to a letter to the editor email.<!-- Even http://www.sheldonbrown.com/bbsize.html can’t tell you the optimum Shimano BB for a TA crank. from Sept 2007 archive of the page cited--><ref>{{Cite web
| url = http://www.classicrendezvous.com/weekend/CRVBA.htm
| title = Classic Rendezvous Vintage Bicycle Award
| publisher = The Classic Rendezvous: dedicated to Lightweight Vintage Bicycles, circa 1900~1983.
| access-date = 2013-01-20}}</ref> MassBike presented Brown the Influence Pedaler Award posthumously in 2008.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.cyclingnews.com/news/brown-and-porter-to-receive-massbike-awards
| title = Brown & Porter to receive MassBike awards
| author = Susan Westemeyer
| date = March 22, 2008
| publisher = CyclingNews
| access-date = 2013-01-20}}</ref>

CTC's Chris Juden mentioned Brown's site in his response to a letter to the editor email,<!-- Even http://sheldonbrown.com/bbsize.html can’t tell you the optimum Shimano BB for a TA crank. from Sept 2007 archive of the page cited--><ref>{{Cite web
| last = Juden | last = Juden
| first = Chris | first = Chris
| title = Cranks & Bottom Brackets Q&A | title = Cranks & Bottom Brackets Q&A
| url=http://www.ctc.org.uk/DesktopDefault.aspx?TabID=3807 | url=http://www.ctc.org.uk/DesktopDefault.aspx?TabID=3807
| accessdate = 2007-05-24 | access-date = 2007-05-24
| postscript = <!--None-->}}</ref> Lennard Zinn, technical editor for VeloNews, cited Brown's expertise,<ref>{{cite web }}</ref> and Lennard Zinn, technical editor for ''VeloNews'', cited Brown in his regular ''Technical FAQ with Lennard Zinn'' column.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://velonews.competitor.com/2010/10/news/cyclocross/technical-faq-with-lennard-zinn-a-detailed-look-at-brake-shudder_147730 | url = http://velonews.competitor.com/2010/10/news/cyclocross/technical-faq-with-lennard-zinn-a-detailed-look-at-brake-shudder_147730
| title = Technical FAQ with Lennard Zinn: A detailed look at canti’ geometry | title = Technical FAQ with Lennard Zinn: A detailed look at canti' geometry
| publisher = VeloNews | publisher = VeloNews
| author = Lennard Zinn | author = Lennard Zinn
| date = Oct. 26, 2010 | date = Oct 26, 2010
| quote = Nobody said it better than the late Sheldon Brown in his eloquent description of the geometry that determines the leverage ratio of cantilever brakes | quote = Nobody said it better than the late Sheldon Brown in his eloquent description of the geometry that determines the leverage ratio of cantilever brakes
| accessdate = 2013-01-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | access-date = 2013-01-19}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://velonews.competitor.com/2011/10/bikes-and-tech/technical-faq/technical-faq-with-lennard-zinn-fixie-chain-tension-and-nipples-threads_195847 | url = http://velonews.competitor.com/2011/10/bikes-and-tech/technical-faq/technical-faq-with-lennard-zinn-fixie-chain-tension-and-nipples-threads_195847
| title = Technical FAQ with Lennard Zinn: Fixie chain tension and nipples threads | title = Technical FAQ with Lennard Zinn: Fixie chain tension and nipples threads
| publisher = VeloNews | publisher = VeloNews
| author = Lennard Zinn | author = Lennard Zinn
| date = Oct. 18, 2011 | date = Oct 18, 2011
| quote = As for getting the tension exactly right, you can’t improve on Sheldon Brown on this one. | quote = As for getting the tension exactly right, you can’t improve on Sheldon Brown on this one.
| access-date = 2013-01-19
| accessdate = 2013-01-19}}</ref> and Frank Berto cites Brown's writing in ''The Dancing Chain''.<ref>{{cite book
}}</ref> Frank Berto cites Brown's writing in ''The Dancing Chain'', published by Van der Plas Publications,<ref name=BertoDancingChain3rdEd>
| title = The Dancing Chain
{{cite book
| author = Frank Berto
| date = 2009 | page = 393
|author=Berto, Frank J.
| publisher = Van der Plas Publications
|author2=Ron Shepherd
| page = 393
|display-authors=etal
| quote = Sheldon Brown. "Chuck Harris and the First American Derailleur." ''Rivendell Reader'', Fall, 1998.}}</ref>
|title=The Dancing Chain: History and Development of the Derailleur Bicycle
|edition=3rd
|year=2008
|orig-year=2000
|isbn=978-1-892495-59-4
|url=http://www.thedancingchain.com/
|publisher=Cycle Publishing/Van der Plas Publications
|location = ], USA
|access-date=May 30, 2017
}}</ref><ref name=BertoDancingChain5thEd>
{{cite book
|author=Berto, Frank J.
|display-authors=etal
|title=The Dancing Chain: History and Development of the Derailleur Bicycle
|edition=5th
|year=2016
|orig-year=2000
|isbn=978-1-892495-77-8
|url=http://www.cyclepublishing.com/cyclingbooks/
|publisher=Cycle Publishing/Van der Plas Publications
|location = ], USA
|access-date=May 30, 2017
}}</ref><ref>
{{cite magazine
|magazine=]
|author=Sheldon Brown
|title=Chuck Harris and the First American Derailleur
|issue=5
|date=April 1996 <!--- Undated issue, but probably March or April 1996 based on pg. 3 ("Jan 4." ... "We survived 1995 largely because..."; last entry is "Mar 22." --->
|page=28
|url=http://notfine.com/rivreader/RR05.pdf
}}</ref> and ] cites Brown's writing in ''One Less Car: Bicycling and the Politics of Automobility'', published by ].<ref>
{{cite book
| title = One Less Car: Bicycling and the Politics of Automobility\
| author = Zack Furness
| date = Mar 28, 2010
| publisher = ]
| page = 299
| isbn = 9781592136148
| quote = Brown, Sheldon "Fixed Gear Bicycles for the Road." ''Sheldon Brown's Bicycle Technical Information'' ... "Single Speed Conversions."
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=WV4QSnRqNwEC&q=Sheldon+Brown
}}</ref>


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} {{Reflist}}


==External links == ==External links ==
* *
* *


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see ]. -->
| NAME = Brown, Sheldon
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = American cyclist, writer and mechanic
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1944-07-14
| PLACE OF BIRTH = ]
| DATE OF DEATH = 2008-02-04
| PLACE OF DEATH = Boston, Massachusetts
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Brown, Sheldon}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Brown, Sheldon}}
] ]
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] ]
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Latest revision as of 21:58, 23 November 2024

American cyclist, writer and mechanic

Sheldon Brown
Brown, icebiking
Born(1944-07-14)July 14, 1944
Boston, Massachusetts, US
DiedFebruary 4, 2008(2008-02-04) (aged 63)
Newton, Massachusetts, US
NationalityAmerican
Other namesChristopher Joyce (pen name); Carapace Completed Umber (alter ego)
Occupations
  • bicycle mechanic
  • technical expert
  • author
EmployerHarris Cyclery
SpouseHarriet Fell
Children2
Websitehttp://sheldonbrown.com/
Notes

Sheldon Brown (July 14, 1944 – February 4, 2008) was an American bicycle mechanic, technical expert and author. He contributed to print and online sources related to bicycling and bicycle mechanics, in particular the web site Sheldon Brown's Bicycle Technical Info. His knowledge of bicycles was described as "encyclopaedic" by The Times of London.

Background

Brown was the parts manager, webmaster and technical consultant of Harris Cyclery, a bike shop in West Newton, Massachusetts, as well as an enthusiast of vintage and classic bicycles in addition to cycling in general. Brown maintained Sheldon Brown's Bicycle Technical Info, a web site highlighting a broad range of cycling subjects ranging from how to fix a bicycle flat tire to details on Raleigh and English three-speed bicycles, Sturmey-Archer hubs, tandems, and fixed-gear bicycles. He repaired cameras and was an amateur photographer. His site features his photographic work.

Brown maintained an English-French cycling dictionary, having lived and cycled in France and written about his family's travels in France.

Brown was an atheist.

Online

Brown's website, developed with Harris Cyclery, includes a deeply knowledgeable and accessible database of technical bicycle information. In particular a wide selection of knowledge of common bicycles from the second half of the 20th century that use non-standard parts. The site remains current as of 2023, maintained by his widow, Harriet Fell, and his friend John Allen, "a nationally recognized bicycling expert who helped found the Cambridge Bicycle Committee." Up until 2021, the commercial pages were maintained and updated by Harris Cyclery employees, but Harris Cyclery closed in 2021 due to economic pressures and supply chain shortages. Brown maintained the site's glossary of bicycling terminology, online guide to wheelbuilding, as well as the mirror sites of the technical work of Damon Rinard, Jobst Brandt, and others. Brown had also participated in online cycling forums such as rec.bicycles.tech newsgroup and bikeforums.net.

Brown was a proponent of fixed-gear, single-speed bicycles for ordinary street use. Brown, with Galen Evans and Osman Isvan, developed a method to determine and compare bicycle gear ratios. For any combination of front chainring, rear cog, wheel size and crank length, his method results in a number that Brown terms the "gain ratio". Also, Brown expressed opinions on chain cleaning, lubrication and wear, a source of controversy in the field of bicycle maintenance.

In addition to the wide array of bike mechanics and repair articles, Brown's website also contains sections on family cycling, touring, a bike humor section, as well as essays and fiction about cycling. His humorous online articles frequently appeared on April 1.

Final years and death

After developing nerve deterioration over the last years of his life, Brown lost his ability to ride an upright bicycle and continued riding with a recumbent tricycle. In August 2007, Brown was diagnosed with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. He died on February 4, 2008, in Newton, Massachusetts, after a heart attack.

Print publications, awards, and citations

Brown was a contributing writer for Bike World magazine (USA) and for Bicycling magazine (USA), and then for the trade magazine American Bicyclist. Brown wrote the "Mechanical Advantage" column for Adventure Cyclist, the magazine of the Adventure Cycling Association, "from 1997 through 2007."

In October 2003, Brown was awarded a certificate of commendation for his contribution to cycling by the UK's Cyclists' Touring Club (CTC). Brown received the Classic Rendezvous Vintage Bicycle Award in 2005. MassBike presented Brown the Influence Pedaler Award posthumously in 2008.

CTC's Chris Juden mentioned Brown's site in his response to a letter to the editor email, and Lennard Zinn, technical editor for VeloNews, cited Brown in his regular Technical FAQ with Lennard Zinn column. Frank Berto cites Brown's writing in The Dancing Chain, published by Van der Plas Publications, and Zack Furness cites Brown's writing in One Less Car: Bicycling and the Politics of Automobility, published by Temple University Press.

References

  1. ^ Brown, Sheldon. "Sheldon Brown's Home Page". Retrieved February 4, 2008. Unfortunately, due to health problems, I have not been able to ride bicycles since early September, 2006.
  2. Sheldon Brown. "Postings by Carapace Completed Umber". Retrieved December 27, 2012. Although I am well known to have no sense of humor whatever, my alter ego, Carapace Completed Umber, is silly enough for both of us. This page collects some of his postings to various bicycle-related newsgroups.
  3. Candy Kosow Gold (February 6, 2008). "Newton cyclist, guru, long-time bike shop mechanic dies suddenly". The Newton TAB. Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  4. "Friends pay respect to Sheldon Brown". VeloNews. February 5, 2008. Retrieved January 19, 2013. Bike-tech wizard Sheldon Brown died of a heart attack on Sunday. He was 63.
  5. Matt Wiebe (February 4, 2008). "Tech Guru Sheldon Brown Dies". Bicycle Retailer and Industry News. Retrieved January 19, 2013. Sheldon Brown, who could explain the intricacies of 40-year-old Sturmey Archer hubs with the same patient clarity with which he would explain suspension or integrated shifters, died from a sudden heart attack Sunday night.
  6. John Mahoney (February 6, 2008). "Sheldon Brown, the Web's Foremost DIY Bike Guru, Passes Away". Popular Science. Retrieved January 19, 2013. Maintained the most prolific online bike encyclopedia since 1997
  7. ^ "Sheldon Brown Obituary". The Times. March 3, 2008. Retrieved December 25, 2012. His knowledge of bicycles ... was encyclopedic
  8. ^ Singel, Ryan. "Sheldon Brown, Web's Cycling Guru, Dies". Wired. Retrieved December 25, 2012. Brown worked as the technical guru and Webmaster for Harris Cyclery in West Newton, Massachusetts.
  9. Brown, Sheldon. "Servicing English Three Speeds". Sheldon Brown. Retrieved February 5, 2008.
  10. Sheldon Brown. "Sturmey-Archer Bicycle Hubs". Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  11. Sheldon Brown. "Tandem Bicycle articles". Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  12. Sheldon Brown. "Articles about Fixed Gear Cycling and Equipment". Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  13. ^ Kerber, Ross (February 8, 2008). "Homespun wisdom". The Boston Globe. Retrieved December 25, 2012. To a worldwide readership, Brown was a sage in cyberspace.
  14. ^ Boulanger, Gary (February 4, 2008). "Sheldon Brown: 1944 - 2008". BikeRadar. Bath, England: Future Publishing Limited. Retrieved December 25, 2012. Sheldon Brown, the human encyclopedia of bicycling knowledge and a famous employee of Harris Cyclery in Massachusetts, died of a massive heart attack Sunday evening, February 3.
  15. Sheldon Brown. "Sheldon Brown's Photography Page". Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  16. Sheldon Brown. "Sheldon Brown's France Page". Retrieved December 27, 2012. Our family lived in France for the 1988-89 school year, in Chevreuse, a small village 30 km southwest of Paris. We loved the place and the people, and we miss them very much.
  17. https://www.sheldonbrown.com/home.html "Some Things I Do Not Believe In: Angels, Astrology,... Devils, Elves, Faeries, Faith, Gods, "Intelligent Design", Leprechauns, ...Magic..."
  18. Fell, Harriet. "What's New on sheldonbrown.com". Harriet Fell and John Allen. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
  19. Kristen Lombardi (August 2002). "A dangerous & now deadly bicycle policy". The Boston Phoenix. Retrieved December 27, 2012. John Allen, a nationally recognized bicycling expert who helped found the Cambridge Bicycle Committee.
  20. "Harris Cyclery Bicycle Accessories". Retrieved December 27, 2012. Copyright © 2005, 2008, 2012 Harris Cyclery
  21. Hilliard, John (June 24, 2021). "'We had people with tears in their eyes': West Newton bicycle shop closes after 70 years". BostonGlobe.com. Retrieved September 6, 2023.
  22. Simon MacMichael (June 15, 2021). "Sheldon Brown's website to continue despite bike shop where he worked closing down". road.cc. Retrieved March 19, 2024.
  23. "Damon Rinard's Bicycle Tech Site". Retrieved December 27, 2012. Damon Rinard maintained and hosted the Rinard Tech Pages up until May, 2001, when a change in employment made it impractical for him to continue. Since this site is too good to be allowed to disappear from the Web, Harris Cyclery is now hosting it, with Damon's permission and cooperation.
  24. Jobst Brandt. "Frequently Asked Questions about Bicycles and Bicycling". Retrieved December 28, 2012.
  25. John Schubert (February 2008). "Sheldon Brown 1944-2008" (PDF). Adventure Cycling. Retrieved December 28, 2012.
  26. Sheldon Brown. "Singlespeed Bicycle Conversions". Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  27. Brown, Sheldon. "Gain Ratios". Sheldon Brown. Retrieved February 8, 2008.
  28. ^ Sheldon Brown & John Allen. "Chain Maintenance". Retrieved January 10, 2013. Chain maintenance is one of the most controversial aspects of bicycle mechanics.
  29. Greg Kopecky (December 16, 2012). "Chain How-To - Part 1". SlowTwitch.com. Retrieved December 31, 2012. Why then, is there so much controversy surrounding chains? For such a (seemingly) black-and-white topic, there is an astounding amount of perceived 'chain black magic'. How do they work? Why do they break? What's the proper way to lube a chain – wax, oil plus additives, sewing machine oil, or something else entirely?
  30. Sheldon Brown. "Family Cycling Articles". Retrieved December 10, 2015.
  31. Sheldon Brown. "Articles about Touring". Retrieved December 10, 2015.
  32. Sheldon Brown. "Bicycle Humor". Retrieved December 10, 2015.
  33. Sheldon Brown. "Bicycle Essays and Fiction". Retrieved December 10, 2015.
  34. List of April 1 and other articles
  35. Brown, Sheldon. "The Bright Side of MS by Sheldon Brown". Sheldon Brown. Retrieved February 5, 2008. I haven't been able to ride a bike since early September, 2006 though I can still ride my Greenspeed trike, very slowly.
  36. Commonwealth of Massachusetts Standard Certificate of Death
  37. "Sheldon Brown: 1944 - 2008". Retrieved February 5, 2008.
  38. ^ Sheldon Brown. "Sheldon Brown's Home Page". Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  39. Sheldon Brown (July 1999). "Who Needs Fenders? All but fair-weather cyclists" (PDF). Adventure Cycling Association. Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  40. John Allen (July 23, 2011). "Sheldon Brown's Adventure Cycling Articles". Retrieved January 21, 2013.
  41. Cyclists' Touring Club (October 6, 2003). "Sheldon Brown's Journal". Sheldon Brown. Retrieved December 31, 2012. One of the oldest and most highly respected cycling organizations in the world is the 125 year old Cyclists Touring Club. I'm very, very proud that they have voted to issue a Certificate of Commendation to me for my Website and other Internet activities.
  42. "Classic Rendezvous Vintage Bicycle Award". The Classic Rendezvous: dedicated to Lightweight Vintage Bicycles, circa 1900~1983. Retrieved January 20, 2013.
  43. Susan Westemeyer (March 22, 2008). "Brown & Porter to receive MassBike awards". CyclingNews. Retrieved January 20, 2013.
  44. Juden, Chris. "Cranks & Bottom Brackets Q&A". Retrieved May 24, 2007.
  45. Lennard Zinn (October 26, 2010). "Technical FAQ with Lennard Zinn: A detailed look at canti' geometry". VeloNews. Retrieved January 19, 2013. Nobody said it better than the late Sheldon Brown in his eloquent description of the geometry that determines the leverage ratio of cantilever brakes
  46. Lennard Zinn (October 18, 2011). "Technical FAQ with Lennard Zinn: Fixie chain tension and nipples threads". VeloNews. Retrieved January 19, 2013. As for getting the tension exactly right, you can't improve on Sheldon Brown on this one.
  47. Berto, Frank J.; Ron Shepherd; et al. (2008) . The Dancing Chain: History and Development of the Derailleur Bicycle (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA, USA: Cycle Publishing/Van der Plas Publications. p. 393. ISBN 978-1-892495-59-4. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
  48. Berto, Frank J.; et al. (2016) . The Dancing Chain: History and Development of the Derailleur Bicycle (5th ed.). San Francisco, CA, USA: Cycle Publishing/Van der Plas Publications. ISBN 978-1-892495-77-8. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
  49. Sheldon Brown (April 1996). "Chuck Harris and the First American Derailleur" (PDF). Rivendell Reader. No. 5. p. 28.
  50. Zack Furness (March 28, 2010). One Less Car: Bicycling and the Politics of Automobility\. Temple University Press. p. 299. ISBN 9781592136148. Brown, Sheldon "Fixed Gear Bicycles for the Road." Sheldon Brown's Bicycle Technical Information ... "Single Speed Conversions."

External links

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