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{{Short description|Village in Devon, England}}
{{infobox UK place|
{{redirect|Petrockstow|the town in Cornwall|Bodmin}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2015}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2015}}
{{infobox UK place
|static_image=]
|static_image_caption=Cott Lane, Petrockstowe
|country = England |country = England
|official_name= Petrockstowe |official_name= Petrockstowe
|latitude= 50.8617 |civil_parish= Petrockstow
|coordinates = {{coord|50.8617|-4.1132|display=inline,title}}
|longitude= -4.1132
|shire_district= ] |shire_district= ]
|shire_county = ] |shire_county = ]
|region= South West England |region= South West England
|post_town= OKEHAMPTON |post_town= OKEHAMPTON
|postcode_district= EX20 |postcode_district= EX20
|postcode_area= EX |postcode_area= EX
|dial_code= 01837 |dial_code= 01837
|os_grid_reference= SS513091 |os_grid_reference= SS513091
|constituency_westminster=] |constituency_westminster=]
}} }}
'''Petrockstowe''' (or '''Petrockstow''') is a small village and ] in the district of ] in Northern ], England. Its population in 2001 was 379, hardly different from the figure of 385 recorded in 1901.<ref name=H>{{Cite book | last = Harris | first = Helen | title = A Handbook of Devon Parishes | publisher = Halsgrove | location = Tiverton | year = 2004 | isbn = 1-84114-314-6 | pages = 133–4}}</ref> The southern boundary of the parish lies on the ],<ref name=H /> and it is surrounded, clockwise from the north, by the parishes of ], ], ], ], ] and ].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.devon.gov.uk/devon_districts_2002_.pdf | title = Map of Devon Parishes | publisher = Devon County Council | access-date = 20 June 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131102183100/http://www.devon.gov.uk/devon_districts_2002_.pdf | archive-date = 2 November 2013 | url-status = dead}}</ref>
]
== Overview ==
Situated in the idyllic, picturesque countryside of North Devon; Petrockstowe is home to around 400 residents, and has facilities including: The Laurels Inn; a modern village hall; a play area and extensive recreation and cricket ground. The village also boasts doorstep access to the legendary Tarka Trail; offering over 180 miles of walking and cycling opportunities.


The village lies about {{Convert | 4 | mi | 0 | spell = in}} NNW of the town of ] and is some {{Convert | 2 | mi | 0 | spell = in}} west of the ], accessible only by minor roads.<ref name=H />
== Facilities ==
The village pub, The Laurels, is steeped with history, and has been used for many different businesses. Built in the 17th century, it was primarily used as a coaching house. Over the last 400 years it has been used as: a magistrate’s court, a home for fallen women of the parish, a lodging house, a coffee tavern and a private house. It re-opened as a public house in the mid-seventies.
Petrockstowe boasts two churches; a Methodist Chapel , built in the 1930’s, and a Church of England ; mentioned in the Doomsday Book. Both churches feature stunning décor; from stained glass windows to an impressive bell tower, from which the church bells can be heard ringing regularly, thanks to a dedicated campanology group.
The Baxter Hall offers great facilities for village groups and clubs; who meet there on a regular basis. The hall boasts a large hall space, kitchen, toilets and a recently added office, thanks to generous Lottery grants. The Baxter Hall is ideal for a wealth of different
events and parties. In addition to the regular group meetings, a local skittle club use the facility throughout the winter as a venue for their friendly, but competitive matches!


==Etymology==
The recreation ground is situated just outside the village, and features a barn, ideal for parties and gatherings; and a newly completed clubhouse, thanks to the hard work of villagers. The clubhouse includes features such as a kitchen, toilets and changing rooms; ideal for the cricket matches played on the cricket pitch in the summer.
The place was called Petrocestoua in the Domesday Book in 1086, in 1150 Petrochestona, and in 1202 Petroc. By 1272 it was called Patrichestowe and Petrokestowe in 1297. In 1535 it was called Stowe S"e'i Petroci. All the names mean St Petroc's place, for the ] ].<ref>{{cite book|author=Bertil Blomé|title=The place-names of North Devonshire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qWMDAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA48|access-date=27 June 2013|year=1929|publisher=Appelbergs boktryckeri arktiebolag|page=48}}</ref> Stowe means "place of burial or the shrine of relics of the saint".<ref name="McClureCommittee1910">{{cite book|author1=Edmund McClure|author2=Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (Great Britain). General Literature Committee|title=British place-names in their historical setting|url=https://archive.org/details/britishplacename00mcclrich|access-date=27 June 2013|year=1910|publisher=Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge|page=}}</ref> By 1910, it was also called Padstow.<ref name="McClureCommittee1910"/>


The village is referred to by both spellings of Petrockstowe or Petrockstow,<ref>{{cite book|author1=Roger J. P. Kain|author2=Rodney E. J. Fry|author3=Sarah A. H. Wilmot|title=The Tithe Maps of England and Wales: A Cartographic Analysis and County-by-County Catalogue | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SeuA3zA6GJUC&pg=PA138|access-date=27 June 2013|date=20 July 1995|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-44191-9|page=138}}</ref> with two of the signs entering the village reading Petrockstowe and two reading Petrockstow.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}
==Rolle and Yeo brasses==
{{double image|right|RolleBrassPetrockstowe.jpg|150|YeoBrassPetrockstowe.jpg|150|The Rolle brasses shown together as presumed originally located}}


==History==
On the north wall of the church are affixed two ]es of Henry Rolle (left, westernmost) and his wife Margaret Yeo (d.1591), the heiress of the manor of ] within the parish of Petrockstowe (right, easternmost). These are not in their original positions, which would have been on a now lost monument or slab in the chancel, no doubt joined together with husband and wife facing each other over the '']'', half of which is depicted in each brass. The two halves of the shields when joined would show the arms of Rolle ] Yeo.
There are ] ]s just outside the village,<ref name=VH>{{cite web | url = http://petrockstowevillage.co.uk/history/ | title = History | work = petrockstowevillage.co.uk | access-date= 20 June 2013}}</ref> but the first documentary mention of the place is in the ]. ] was the lord in 1066 and 1086 and ] in 1086.<ref name=D /><ref>{{cite web | url=http://opendomesday.org/place/SS5109/petrockstowe/| title=Petrockstow | publisher=Open Domesday | access-date =27 June 2013}}</ref> Nearby places include: Allisland, ], Hele, Little Marland and Varleys.<ref name=D /><ref>{{cite web | url = http://opendomesday.org/search/?geo=Petrockstow | title = Places near Petrockstow | publisher=Open Domesday | access-date =27 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=H. C. Darby|author2=G. R. Versey|title=Domesday Gazetteer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L3dWJnqv5lEC&pg=PA89|access-date=27 June 2013|date=11 September 2008|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-07858-0|pages=89–90}}</ref> Sometime after 1086, Petrockstowe was owned by someone other than the abbey. In the 12th century, ], ], restored the manors of Petrockstowe and Ash, also in Petrockstowe, to Buckfast Abbey.<ref name=Jankulak>{{cite book | first = Karen | last = Jankulak | title = The Medieval Cult of St Petroc | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=zY-CBHHw-lIC&pg=PA143|access-date=27 June 2013|year=2000|publisher=Boydell & Brewer | isbn = 978-0-85115-777-1 | pages=143–144}}</ref> It was also owned by the abbey during the reign of ] (1272-1307).<ref name="Lysons p. 387" /> Author Karen Jankulak, states that the name of the village, Petrockstowe, "suggests a pre-] cult of ] (although probably after the ninth century)"<ref name=Jankulak /> and "undoubtedly" by 1177, at the time of the theft of Petroc's relics.<ref name=Jankulak /> Buckfast Abbey "possessed the ]" which gave them the right to nominate the parish priest. Its abbeys were supported by income producing property and tithes, '']'' and '']''.<ref name=Jankulak />


By 1822, it was called both Stow St. Petrock and Petrockstow, and it was located in the ] and ].<!--- same as redlink in "Diocese of Exeter" article---><ref name="Lysons p. 387"/> In the 19th century the village had a school, funded by Lord Clinton, and many businesses such as a tannery, blacksmiths, shoemakers and wheelwrights.<ref name=VH />
===Brass of Henry Rolle===
] of Henry Rolle, north wall of nave, Petrockstowe Church. His ten sons kneel in prayer behind]]
] of the first three ]s a mullet for difference''<ref>The tincture of the mullet is unknown but may not be argent in contravention of the heraldic rule of "no metal on metal"</ref>]]
Inscribed in Roman capitals below is the following text: "Here lyeth the body of Henry Rolle Esquieer fourth sonne of George Rolle of Stevenston who maryed Margaret Yeo daughter and sole heire unto Robert Yeo Esquir decesed and had issue by hir sonnes & doughters nyneteene". On a speech scroll issuing from Henry Rolle's mouth the words ''MORS MIHI LUCRUM'', from St Paul's ], 1:21 (''Mihi enim vivere Christus est et mori lucrum'', transated in the ] as: "For to me to live is Christ and to die is gain"). The Rolle armorials, with ] of a mullet, here intended to denote a fourth son (omitted from drawing), are shown each side of him: ''''Or, on a fesse indented azure between three billets of the second each charged with a lion rampant of the first three ]s''. Above is shown the crest of Rolle, a cubit arm with clenched fist (omitted from the drawing).


] was about a mile away from the village. The original ] was built in the late 19th century to carry ] to ] from the Marland and Meeth clay pits.<ref>{{cite journal | title=Petrockstowe Station railway premises | journal=BackTrack | volume=19 | page=649 | author=Farmer, R. | date=November 2005 }}</ref> In 1925 this became the basis of the northern section of the ], which remained a private line until 1948 when it became part of the ].<ref>{{cite book | title=Branch Lines to Torrington |author1=Mitchell, V. |author2=Smith, K |location=Midhurst | publisher=Middleton Press | year=1994 | isbn=1-873793-37-5 }}</ref> The ] closed the line to passengers in 1965,<ref>"Discovering Britain's lost railways" Atterbury, P: Basingstoke, AA Publishing {{ISBN|978-0-7495-6370-7}}</ref> but it remained open for freight until 1982.<ref>{{ cite web | url=http://disused-rlys.fotopic.net/c1147820.html | title=Freight details | publisher=Disused Railways }}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
===Brass of Margaret Yeo===
] of Margaret Yeo (d.1591), wife of Henry Rolle and heiress of Petrockstowe manor. North wall of nave, Petrockstowe Church. Her eight daughters kneel behind]]
Affixed in modern times immediately to the right of the brass of Henry Rolle is that of his wife Margaret Yeo, heiress of Petrockstowe ]. Inscribed below is the following Gothic text: "Here lyeth the bodye of Margaret the wife of Henry Rolle Esquier, daughter and hayre of Robert Yeo Esquire who deceased the Vth day of January and in ye yeare of Our Lorde God 1591". From her mouth issues a speech scroll inscribed: "My children feare the lorde", referring to ] 34:11: "Come ye children hearken unto me I will teach you the fear of the Lord" <ref>Quote from King James Bible</ref> A human skull is shown directly in front of her face, symbolising death, and perhaps her contemplation of that event. Shown either side of Margaret is a shield bearing the arms of Yeo: ''Argent, a chevron sable between three drakes azure'', which arms can be seen in stained glass reset in incomplete form in the vestry window.<ref></ref> Above is shown the crest of Yeo, apparently a ] bird, with crest feathers and long peacock-like tail reaching the ground (omitted from the drawing).


In the south-east of the parish, at Ash Moor, there are opencast workings for ] that extend into the neighbouring parish of ]; these clay deposits are in a geological feature known as the Petrockstow Basin,<ref name=H /><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.clayheritage.org/pages/TheProductionandPropertiesofDevonBallclays.htm | title = The Production and Properties of Devon Ball Clays | date = 1984 | publisher = Watts Blake Bearne | access-date=20 June 2013}}</ref> and have been worked for hundreds of years.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}
==Heanton Satchville==

===Churches===
]
The ], St. Petroc's Church, is dedicated to ].<ref name=D /> The church closed in 2023 and, as of 2024, is being considered for sale or demolition.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-devon-68685556 | title = Villagers given six months to save Devon church | last = Stephenson | first = Alison | date = 2024-04-01 | website = ] | access-date = 2024-04-01}}</ref> It has diagonal ]es, ] pinnacles and an old west tower. Within the church is a ] font with a ] cover. It has some late medieval stained glass and a Jacobean pulpit. Two stained glass windows were made by ] in 1891 and 1896.<ref name="Pevsner p. 627">{{cite book|author1=Bridget Cherry|author2=Nikolaus Pevsner|title=The Buildings of England: Devon|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5wd_Pw4L3zcC&pg=PA627|access-date=27 June 2013|year=1991|publisher=Yale University Press Academic|isbn=978-0-300-09596-8|page=627}}</ref> The church was "]" between 1878 and 1880, retaining the 14th century ], 15th-century tower and features of an earlier Norman church.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-91029-church-of-st-petrock-petrockstow-devon | title=Churck of St. Petrock, Petrockstowe, Devon | publisher=British Listed Buildings | access-date=27 June 2013 }}</ref> Except for its north arcade tower, it was described by ] as "dull".<ref name=D>{{cite book | last = Hoskins | first = W. G. | author-link = William George Hoskins | title = A New Survey of England: Devon | publisher = Collins | location = London| year = 1972| edition = New | isbn = 0-7153-5577-5 | pages = 452–3}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.petrockstowe.co.uk/church.html | title=Saint Petroc's Church | publisher=Petrockstowe Village | access-date=27 June 2013}}</ref> It does, however, still have an early 14th-century font with a 16th-century cover, and in the vestry, some medieval glass.<ref name=D />

On the north wall of the church are affixed two ]es of Henry Rolle (left, westernmost){{#tag:ref|Inscribed in Roman capitals below is the following text: "Here lyeth the body of Henry Rolle Esquieer fourth sonne of George Rolle of Stevenston who maryed Margaret Yeo daughter and sole heire unto Robert Yeo Esquir decesed and had issue by hir sonnes & doughters nyneteene". On a speech scroll issuing from Henry Rolle's mouth the words ''MORS MIHI LUCRUM'', from St Paul's ], 1:21 (''Mihi enim vivere Christus est et mori lucrum'', translated in the ] as: "For to me to live is Christ and to die is gain"). The Rolle armorials, with ] of a mullet, here intended to denote a fourth son (omitted from drawing), are shown each side of him: ''Or, on a fesse indented azure between three billets of the second each charged with a lion rampant of the first three ]s''. Above is shown the crest of Rolle, a cubit arm with clenched fist (omitted from the drawing).{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}|group="nb"}} and his wife Margaret Yeo (d.1591),{{#tag:ref|Affixed in modern times immediately to the right of the brass of Henry Rolle is that of his wife Margaret Yeo, heiress of Petrockstowe ]. Inscribed below is the following Gothic text: "Here lyeth the bodye of Margaret the wife of Henry Rolle Esquier, daughter and hayre of Robert Yeo Esquire who deceased the Vth day of January and in ye yeare of Our Lorde God 1591". From her mouth issues a speech scroll inscribed: "My children feare the lorde", referring to ] 34:11: "Come ye children hearken unto me I will teach you the fear of the Lord" <ref>Quote from King James Bible</ref> A human skull is shown directly in front of her face, symbolising death, and perhaps her contemplation of that event. Shown either side of Margaret is a shield bearing the arms of Yeo: ''Argent, a chevron sable between three drakes azure'', which arms can be seen in stained glass reset in incomplete form in the vestry window.<ref>{{usurped|1=}}</ref> Above is shown the crest of Yeo, apparently a ] bird, with crest feathers and long peacock-like tail reaching the ground (omitted from the drawing).{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}|group="nb"}} the heiress of the manor of ] within the parish (right, easternmost). The two brasses were probably originally one, with the Rolle shield in the centre.<ref name=L>{{cite book | last = Lauder | first = Rosemary | title = Devon Families | year = 2002 | publisher = Halsgrove | location = Tiverton | isbn = 1-84114-140-2 | pages = 67–68}}</ref>

<gallery widths="200px" heights="160px">
File:RolleBrassPetrockstowe.jpg|The two Rolle brasses in the parish church shown together, with Henry Rolle and his ten sons kneeling in prayer behind him.
File:YeoBrassPetrockstowe.jpg|His wife, Margaret Yeo Rolle, and their eight daughters kneeling behind her
File:RolleArmsWithMulletDifference.JPG|Arms of Henry Rolle of Petrockstowe: ''Or, on a fesse dancette between three billets azure each charged with a ] of the first three ]s a mullet for difference''
</gallery>

The village also has a ] chapel which was built in 1933 to replace an earlier chapel of 1842, which is now used as a barn.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://petrockstowevillage.co.uk/our-village/methodist-chapel/ | title = Methodist Chapel | work = petrockstowevillage.co.uk | access-date=20 June 2013}}</ref>

===Heanton Satchville===
{{main|Heanton Satchville, Petrockstowe}} {{main|Heanton Satchville, Petrockstowe}}
The mansion of Heanton Satchville has today been obliterated almost without a trace, but was at one time "one of the most imposing houses ever to exist in Devon"<ref>Lauder, Rosemary, Vanished Houses of North Devon, 2005, p.49</ref> The Hearth Tax return of 1674 recorded 26 hearths for the house, making it the second largest house in Devon after ] (now in Cornwall) north of ].<ref>Lauder, Rosemary appears to be in error re the occupants & builders of Werrington, which she states erroneously to have been the 2nd Duke of Albemarle</ref> The manor had been held by the Yeo family from at least 1359 when William Yeo was recorded as ]. In 1570 Margaret Yeo, the sole heiress of Robert Yeo married Henry Rolle (d.1625), the 4th son of George Rolle (d.1552) of Stevenstone manor in the parish of ], MP for ]. Thus the manor passed to the Rolles, which family became the largest landholder in Devon, and is now represented by the family of Fane-Trefusis, ]. In 1795 the house was destroyed by fire, after which the Trefusis family purchased Innes House in nearby ] and made it their seat, having renamed it Heanton Satchville. There are very few traces of the mansion of Heanton Satchville surviving today, but it was at one time "one of the most imposing houses ever to exist in Devon".<ref name=L2>{{cite book | last = Lauder | first = Rosemary | title = Vanished Houses of North Devon | edition = Revised | year = 2005 | publisher = North Devon Books | isbn=0-95286-452-5 |pages=49–50}}</ref> In 1674, it was the second largest house in Devon.<ref name=L2 /> The manor was mentioned in the ],<ref>{{cite web | url=http://domesdaymap.co.uk/place/SS5311/heanton-satchville/ | title=Heanton | publisher=Open Domesday | access-date=25 June 2013 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120712040459/http://domesdaymap.co.uk/place/SS5311/heanton-satchville/ | archive-date=12 July 2012 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> and was then owned by the Sachvilles and Kelligrews, before it passed into the hands of the Yeo family. By 1359 it was owned by William Yeo when he was ].<ref name="Lysons p. 387">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fMY_AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA387|title=Magna Britannia: being a concise topographical account of the several counties of Great Britain|first1=Daniel|last1=Lysons|first2=Samuel|last2=Lysons|publisher=Cadell| year=1822|volume=6 | page=387 }}</ref><ref name="Vivian p. 834">{{cite book | editor=Vivian, Lt. Col. J.L. | title=The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GmqlIibS95IC&pg=PA834| location=Exeter | publisher=For the author by H. S. Eland | year=1895 | page=834 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Thomas Westcote|title=A View of Devonshire in MDCXXX: With a Pedigree of Most of Its Gentry|url=https://archive.org/details/aviewdevonshire00westgoog|year=1845|publisher=William Roberts |pages=–593 }}</ref> Margaret Yeo, the sole heiress of Robert Yeo, married Henry Rolle, (died about 1620),<ref name="Vivian p. 834" /> and thus the manor passed to the Rolles, now represented by the ].<ref name="Lysons mult pages" /> The house was destroyed by fire in 1795,<ref name="Lysons mult pages">Lysons, p. xc-xci, xciii, xcix-c.</ref> after which the Trefusis family purchased a mansion in nearby ], renamed it Heanton Satchville, and made it their seat.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}


==Notable People== ==Community facilities==
The ], The Laurels Inn, dates to the 17th century when it was a ] on the route between ] and ]. Since then, according to the village website, it has been used as a magistrate's court, a home for fallen women of the parish, a lodging house, a coffee tavern and a private house before re-opening as a pub in the 1970s.<ref>{{cite web
], (1847-1944] Pre-eminent Victorian Journalist and Freemason. Born in Petrockstowe on 2 October 1847.<ref>{{cite book|last=anon|title=Representative British Freemasons|year=1915|publisher=Dod's Peerage Limited|location=London|pages=238–240}}</ref>
|url= http://petrockstowevillage.co.uk/our-village/the-laurels-inn/
|title=The Laurels Inn |work=petrockstowevillage.co.uk
|access-date=20 June 2013}}</ref> Opposite the pub, on the site of the old village school, is the Baxter Hall, a modern village hall, opened by Lord Clinton in 1978 and refurbished in 1998. Baxter Hall, named after Ethel Baxter who donated the monies for its construction, is a multi-purpose hall for community social events. It has a stage, large hall, kitchen and skittles equipment.<ref>{{cite web
|url= http://petrockstowevillage.co.uk/our-village/baxter-hall-2/
|title=Baxter Hall |work=petrockstowevillage.co.uk
|access-date=20 June 2013}}</ref>

==Recreation==
The village also has a play area, an extensive recreation area and a cricket ground.<ref>{{cite web
|url= http://petrockstowevillage.co.uk/our-village/
|title=Our Village |work=petrockstowevillage.co.uk
|access-date=20 June 2013}}</ref> The Recreation Ground, covering 8.5 acres, has a nine-hole ] golf course, skate ramp, cricket pitch, field shelter, and pavilion with a clubroom, kitchen, changing rooms and toilet. It is located a short walk from the village centre, and is next to the ].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://petrockstowevillage.co.uk/our-village/recreation-ground/ | title=Recreation Ground | publisher=Petrockstowe Village | access-date=28 June 2013}}</ref>

The Tarka Trail, a {{convert|180|mi|km}} circuit, runs from ] to ] and in this area follows the route of the former North Devon and Cornwall Junction Light Railway. The portion near Petrockstowe is generally flat. It comes within about a mile of the centre of the village, passing through the old Petrockstowe station.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://petrockstowevillage.co.uk/our-village/tarka-trail/ | title=Tarka Trail | publisher=Petrockstowe Village | access-date=28 June 2013}}</ref>

There are two nature reserves in the area, Meeth Quary and Ash Moor, both owned by the ]. Meeth Quarry has wetland, open water and woodland habitats which support 18 species of national importance and six threatened wildlife habitats. Ash Moor, interlinked with Meeth Quarry, is on the Tarka Trail. Shallow scrapes and ponds support dragonflies, birds, butterflies and other insects.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://petrockstowevillage.co.uk/our-village/nature-reserves/ | title=Nature Reserves: Meeth Quarry and Ash Moor | publisher=Petrockstowe Village | access-date=28 June 2013}}</ref>

<gallery widths="175px" heights="175px">
File:Tarka Trail - geograph.org.uk - 569721.jpg|The Tarka Trail, combining footpath and cycleway (NCN route 3), follows the former track of the North Devon and Cornwall Junction Light Railway across Bury Moors.
File:The Guardian - geograph.org.uk - 569715.jpg|Katy Hallet, ''The Guardian'', mosaic sculpture. On the Tarka Trail by Ladywell Wood. The lettering includes quotes from "Tarka the Otter".
File:Ash Moor - geograph.org.uk - 575201.jpg|Ash Moor nature reserve
</gallery>

==Transport==
Limited ] service is provided by Beacon bus services at the Chapel Close bus stop as of June 2013, including:<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.carlberry.co.uk/rfnlistr.asp?L1=PET0170&op=D | title=List of Transport Services from Petrockstowe | publisher=Carlberry - Travel Search | access-date=24 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://findthestop.co.uk/stops/view/56620 |publisher=Find the Stop |title=Petrockstowe - Chapel Close |access-date=28 June 2013 }}</ref> There are several train stations in the area.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.thetrainline.com/tools/maps/ | title=Tools - Enter Petrockstowe | publisher=The Train Line | access-date=28 June 2013}}</ref> Airports in the area include ] and ].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.petrockstowe.co.uk/links.html | title=Local links | publisher=Petrockstowe Village | access-date=28 June 2013}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="175px" heights="175px" perrow="3">
File:Across Patchill Plantation - geograph.org.uk - 575176.jpg|Across Patchill Plantation, looking across the top of the wood and the valley.
File:Aish Lodge - geograph.org.uk - 575181.jpg|Aish Lodge
File:Farm buildings near Hook Farm - geograph.org.uk - 577333.jpg|Farm buildings near Hook Farm
File:Magpie - geograph.org.uk - 575169.jpg|Magpie Contrasting conditions of thatch, and contrasting ages of buildings. This little group is on the lane from Sheepwash to Patchel Cross.
File:Westacott - geograph.org.uk - 575216.jpg|Westacott, a farm seen along the lane from Filleighmoor Gate to Patchel Cross.
</gallery>

==Notable people==
], (1847{{ndash}}1944) Pre-eminent Victorian Journalist and Freemason. Born in Petrockstowe on 2 October 1847.<ref>{{cite book|last=anon|title=Representative British Freemasons|year=1915|publisher=Dod's Peerage Limited|location=London|pages=238–240}}</ref>

], (1929{{ndash}}2016) Horticulturalist. Breeder and hybridiser of pelargoniums. Best known for his Quantock angel pelargoniums including multi-award winning Quantock Kirsty, Quantock Matty and Quantock Double Dymond. Born in Petrockstow on 6 May 1929.

==Notes==
{{reflist|group="nb"}}


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
;General
* {{cite web | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/discovering/hometown/petrockstowe.shtml | title=Hometown Petrockstowe, Devon | publisher=] | access-date=28 June 2013 }}
;Ball clay
* {{cite book|author=M. J. Messenger|title=North Devon clay: the history of an industry and its transport|year=1982|publisher=Twelveheads Press|isbn=978-0-906294-07-9|pages=13, 68, 83}}
* {{cite book|author=Dorothy H. Rayner|title=Stratigraphy of the British Isles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nAw5AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA359|date=4 June 1981|publisher=CUP Archive|isbn=978-0-521-29961-9|page=359}}
* {{cite book|author1=Peter Wright Scott|author2=Colin Malcolm Bristow|title=Industrial Minerals and Extractive Industry Geology: Based on Papers Presented at the Combined 36th Forum on the Geology of Industrial Minerals and 11th Extractive Industry Geology Conference, Bath, England, 7th-12th May, 2000|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=31UpYIGp3ScC&pg=PA17|year=2002|publisher=Geological Society|isbn=978-1-86239-099-7|pages=17–18, 20, 23|chapter=The ball clay and china clay industries of Southwest England in 2000}}
* {{cite book|author=David St John Thomas|title=Remote Britain: Landscape, People and Books | url = https://archive.org/details/remotebritainlan0000thom|url-access=registration|year=2010|publisher=frances lincoln ltd|isbn=978-0-7112-3054-5|page=}}
;Geology
* {{cite book|author=Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and Art|title=Report & Transactions|url=https://archive.org/details/reportandtransa01artgoog|year=1879|pages=–428|chapter=On the Deposits of Petrockstow| publisher = William Brendon & Son | location = Plymouth }}
* {{cite book|author1=E. M. Durrance|author2=Edwin Brian Selwood|author3=Deryck J. C Laming|title=The Geology of Devon | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=pf13kgEACAAJ|date=April 2002|publisher=University of Exeter Press|isbn=978-0-85989-712-9}}
* {{cite web | url=http://www.devon.gov.uk/amlp-ip10_petrockstowe_meeth.pdf | title=Petrockstowe and Meeth - Devon County Minerals Local Plan | publisher=County of Devon | access-date=28 June 2013 }}


==External links== ==External links==
{{Commons category inline|Petrockstowe}} {{Commons category-inline|Petrockstowe}}


{{Torridge}} {{Torridge}}
{{Devon parishes}}

{{authority control}}


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Latest revision as of 10:13, 2 January 2025

Village in Devon, England "Petrockstow" redirects here. For the town in Cornwall, see Bodmin.

Human settlement in England
Petrockstowe
Cott Lane, Petrockstowe
Petrockstowe is located in DevonPetrockstowePetrockstoweLocation within Devon
OS grid referenceSS513091
Civil parish
  • Petrockstow
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townOKEHAMPTON
Postcode districtEX20
Dialling code01837
PoliceDevon and Cornwall
FireDevon and Somerset
AmbulanceSouth Western
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Devon
50°51′42″N 4°06′48″W / 50.8617°N 4.1132°W / 50.8617; -4.1132

Petrockstowe (or Petrockstow) is a small village and civil parish in the district of Torridge in Northern Devon, England. Its population in 2001 was 379, hardly different from the figure of 385 recorded in 1901. The southern boundary of the parish lies on the River Torridge, and it is surrounded, clockwise from the north, by the parishes of Peters Marland, Merton, Huish, Meeth, Highampton and Buckland Filleigh.

The village lies about four miles (6 km) NNW of the town of Hatherleigh and is some two miles (3 km) west of the A386 road, accessible only by minor roads.

Etymology

The place was called Petrocestoua in the Domesday Book in 1086, in 1150 Petrochestona, and in 1202 Petroc. By 1272 it was called Patrichestowe and Petrokestowe in 1297. In 1535 it was called Stowe S"e'i Petroci. All the names mean St Petroc's place, for the patron saint Petroc. Stowe means "place of burial or the shrine of relics of the saint". By 1910, it was also called Padstow.

The village is referred to by both spellings of Petrockstowe or Petrockstow, with two of the signs entering the village reading Petrockstowe and two reading Petrockstow.

History

There are Bronze Age burial mounds just outside the village, but the first documentary mention of the place is in the Domesday Book. St. Mary's Abbey of Buckfast was the lord in 1066 and 1086 and tenant-in-chief in 1086. Nearby places include: Allisland, Heanton, Hele, Little Marland and Varleys. Sometime after 1086, Petrockstowe was owned by someone other than the abbey. In the 12th century, Robert Warelwast, Bishop of Exeter, restored the manors of Petrockstowe and Ash, also in Petrockstowe, to Buckfast Abbey. It was also owned by the abbey during the reign of Edward I (1272-1307). Author Karen Jankulak, states that the name of the village, Petrockstowe, "suggests a pre-Norman cult of St Petroc (although probably after the ninth century)" and "undoubtedly" by 1177, at the time of the theft of Petroc's relics. Buckfast Abbey "possessed the advowson" which gave them the right to nominate the parish priest. Its abbeys were supported by income producing property and tithes, temporalities and spiritualities.

By 1822, it was called both Stow St. Petrock and Petrockstow, and it was located in the Hundred of Shebbear and Deanery of Torrington. In the 19th century the village had a school, funded by Lord Clinton, and many businesses such as a tannery, blacksmiths, shoemakers and wheelwrights.

Petrockstow railway station was about a mile away from the village. The original Torrington and Marland Railway was built in the late 19th century to carry ball clay to Torrington from the Marland and Meeth clay pits. In 1925 this became the basis of the northern section of the North Devon and Cornwall Junction Light Railway, which remained a private line until 1948 when it became part of the Southern Region of British Railways. The Beeching Axe closed the line to passengers in 1965, but it remained open for freight until 1982.

In the south-east of the parish, at Ash Moor, there are opencast workings for ball clay that extend into the neighbouring parish of Meeth; these clay deposits are in a geological feature known as the Petrockstow Basin, and have been worked for hundreds of years.

Churches

Petrockstowe Church

The parish church, St. Petroc's Church, is dedicated to Saint Petroc. The church closed in 2023 and, as of 2024, is being considered for sale or demolition. It has diagonal buttresses, obelisk pinnacles and an old west tower. Within the church is a Norman font with a Jacobean cover. It has some late medieval stained glass and a Jacobean pulpit. Two stained glass windows were made by Kempe Studios in 1891 and 1896. The church was "largely rebuilt" between 1878 and 1880, retaining the 14th century arcade, 15th-century tower and features of an earlier Norman church. Except for its north arcade tower, it was described by Hoskins as "dull". It does, however, still have an early 14th-century font with a 16th-century cover, and in the vestry, some medieval glass.

On the north wall of the church are affixed two monumental brasses of Henry Rolle (left, westernmost) and his wife Margaret Yeo (d.1591), the heiress of the manor of Heanton Satchville within the parish (right, easternmost). The two brasses were probably originally one, with the Rolle shield in the centre.

  • The two Rolle brasses in the parish church shown together, with Henry Rolle and his ten sons kneeling in prayer behind him. The two Rolle brasses in the parish church shown together, with Henry Rolle and his ten sons kneeling in prayer behind him.
  • His wife, Margaret Yeo Rolle, and their eight daughters kneeling behind her His wife, Margaret Yeo Rolle, and their eight daughters kneeling behind her
  • Arms of Henry Rolle of Petrockstowe: Or, on a fesse dancette between three billets azure each charged with a lion rampant of the first three bezants a mullet for difference Arms of Henry Rolle of Petrockstowe: Or, on a fesse dancette between three billets azure each charged with a lion rampant of the first three bezants a mullet for difference

The village also has a Methodist chapel which was built in 1933 to replace an earlier chapel of 1842, which is now used as a barn.

Heanton Satchville

Main article: Heanton Satchville, Petrockstowe

There are very few traces of the mansion of Heanton Satchville surviving today, but it was at one time "one of the most imposing houses ever to exist in Devon". In 1674, it was the second largest house in Devon. The manor was mentioned in the Domesday Book, and was then owned by the Sachvilles and Kelligrews, before it passed into the hands of the Yeo family. By 1359 it was owned by William Yeo when he was Sheriff of Devon. Margaret Yeo, the sole heiress of Robert Yeo, married Henry Rolle, (died about 1620), and thus the manor passed to the Rolles, now represented by the Barons Clinton. The house was destroyed by fire in 1795, after which the Trefusis family purchased a mansion in nearby Huish, renamed it Heanton Satchville, and made it their seat.

Community facilities

The village pub, The Laurels Inn, dates to the 17th century when it was a coaching inn on the route between Launceston and Lynton. Since then, according to the village website, it has been used as a magistrate's court, a home for fallen women of the parish, a lodging house, a coffee tavern and a private house before re-opening as a pub in the 1970s. Opposite the pub, on the site of the old village school, is the Baxter Hall, a modern village hall, opened by Lord Clinton in 1978 and refurbished in 1998. Baxter Hall, named after Ethel Baxter who donated the monies for its construction, is a multi-purpose hall for community social events. It has a stage, large hall, kitchen and skittles equipment.

Recreation

The village also has a play area, an extensive recreation area and a cricket ground. The Recreation Ground, covering 8.5 acres, has a nine-hole pitch and putt golf course, skate ramp, cricket pitch, field shelter, and pavilion with a clubroom, kitchen, changing rooms and toilet. It is located a short walk from the village centre, and is next to the Tarka Trail.

The Tarka Trail, a 180 miles (290 km) circuit, runs from Meeth to Braunton and in this area follows the route of the former North Devon and Cornwall Junction Light Railway. The portion near Petrockstowe is generally flat. It comes within about a mile of the centre of the village, passing through the old Petrockstowe station.

There are two nature reserves in the area, Meeth Quary and Ash Moor, both owned by the Devon Wildlife Trust. Meeth Quarry has wetland, open water and woodland habitats which support 18 species of national importance and six threatened wildlife habitats. Ash Moor, interlinked with Meeth Quarry, is on the Tarka Trail. Shallow scrapes and ponds support dragonflies, birds, butterflies and other insects.

  • The Tarka Trail, combining footpath and cycleway (NCN route 3), follows the former track of the North Devon and Cornwall Junction Light Railway across Bury Moors. The Tarka Trail, combining footpath and cycleway (NCN route 3), follows the former track of the North Devon and Cornwall Junction Light Railway across Bury Moors.
  • Katy Hallet, The Guardian, mosaic sculpture. On the Tarka Trail by Ladywell Wood. The lettering includes quotes from "Tarka the Otter". Katy Hallet, The Guardian, mosaic sculpture. On the Tarka Trail by Ladywell Wood. The lettering includes quotes from "Tarka the Otter".
  • Ash Moor nature reserve Ash Moor nature reserve

Transport

Limited bus service is provided by Beacon bus services at the Chapel Close bus stop as of June 2013, including: There are several train stations in the area. Airports in the area include Newquay Cornwall Airport and Exeter International Airport.

Gallery

  • Across Patchill Plantation, looking across the top of the wood and the valley. Across Patchill Plantation, looking across the top of the wood and the valley.
  • Aish Lodge Aish Lodge
  • Farm buildings near Hook Farm Farm buildings near Hook Farm
  • Magpie Contrasting conditions of thatch, and contrasting ages of buildings. This little group is on the lane from Sheepwash to Patchel Cross. Magpie Contrasting conditions of thatch, and contrasting ages of buildings. This little group is on the lane from Sheepwash to Patchel Cross.
  • Westacott, a farm seen along the lane from Filleighmoor Gate to Patchel Cross. Westacott, a farm seen along the lane from Filleighmoor Gate to Patchel Cross.

Notable people

John Bassett Martin, (1847–1944) Pre-eminent Victorian Journalist and Freemason. Born in Petrockstowe on 2 October 1847.

Kenneth John Dymond, (1929–2016) Horticulturalist. Breeder and hybridiser of pelargoniums. Best known for his Quantock angel pelargoniums including multi-award winning Quantock Kirsty, Quantock Matty and Quantock Double Dymond. Born in Petrockstow on 6 May 1929.

Notes

  1. Inscribed in Roman capitals below is the following text: "Here lyeth the body of Henry Rolle Esquieer fourth sonne of George Rolle of Stevenston who maryed Margaret Yeo daughter and sole heire unto Robert Yeo Esquir decesed and had issue by hir sonnes & doughters nyneteene". On a speech scroll issuing from Henry Rolle's mouth the words MORS MIHI LUCRUM, from St Paul's Epistle to the Philippians, 1:21 (Mihi enim vivere Christus est et mori lucrum, translated in the King James Bible as: "For to me to live is Christ and to die is gain"). The Rolle armorials, with difference of a mullet, here intended to denote a fourth son (omitted from drawing), are shown each side of him: Or, on a fesse indented azure between three billets of the second each charged with a lion rampant of the first three bezants. Above is shown the crest of Rolle, a cubit arm with clenched fist (omitted from the drawing).
  2. Affixed in modern times immediately to the right of the brass of Henry Rolle is that of his wife Margaret Yeo, heiress of Petrockstowe manor. Inscribed below is the following Gothic text: "Here lyeth the bodye of Margaret the wife of Henry Rolle Esquier, daughter and hayre of Robert Yeo Esquire who deceased the Vth day of January and in ye yeare of Our Lorde God 1591". From her mouth issues a speech scroll inscribed: "My children feare the lorde", referring to Psalms 34:11: "Come ye children hearken unto me I will teach you the fear of the Lord" A human skull is shown directly in front of her face, symbolising death, and perhaps her contemplation of that event. Shown either side of Margaret is a shield bearing the arms of Yeo: Argent, a chevron sable between three drakes azure, which arms can be seen in stained glass reset in incomplete form in the vestry window. Above is shown the crest of Yeo, apparently a lapwing bird, with crest feathers and long peacock-like tail reaching the ground (omitted from the drawing).

References

  1. ^ Harris, Helen (2004). A Handbook of Devon Parishes. Tiverton: Halsgrove. pp. 133–4. ISBN 1-84114-314-6.
  2. "Map of Devon Parishes" (PDF). Devon County Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  3. Bertil Blomé (1929). The place-names of North Devonshire. Appelbergs boktryckeri arktiebolag. p. 48. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  4. ^ Edmund McClure; Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (Great Britain). General Literature Committee (1910). British place-names in their historical setting. Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. p. 279. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  5. Roger J. P. Kain; Rodney E. J. Fry; Sarah A. H. Wilmot (20 July 1995). The Tithe Maps of England and Wales: A Cartographic Analysis and County-by-County Catalogue. Cambridge University Press. p. 138. ISBN 978-0-521-44191-9. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  6. ^ "History". petrockstowevillage.co.uk. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  7. ^ Hoskins, W. G. (1972). A New Survey of England: Devon (New ed.). London: Collins. pp. 452–3. ISBN 0-7153-5577-5.
  8. "Petrockstow". Open Domesday. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  9. "Places near Petrockstow". Open Domesday. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  10. H. C. Darby; G. R. Versey (11 September 2008). Domesday Gazetteer. Cambridge University Press. pp. 89–90. ISBN 978-0-521-07858-0. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  11. ^ Jankulak, Karen (2000). The Medieval Cult of St Petroc. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 143–144. ISBN 978-0-85115-777-1. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  12. ^ Lysons, Daniel; Lysons, Samuel (1822). Magna Britannia: being a concise topographical account of the several counties of Great Britain. Vol. 6. Cadell. p. 387.
  13. Farmer, R. (November 2005). "Petrockstowe Station railway premises". BackTrack. 19: 649.
  14. Mitchell, V.; Smith, K (1994). Branch Lines to Torrington. Midhurst: Middleton Press. ISBN 1-873793-37-5.
  15. "Discovering Britain's lost railways" Atterbury, P: Basingstoke, AA Publishing ISBN 978-0-7495-6370-7
  16. "Freight details". Disused Railways.
  17. "The Production and Properties of Devon Ball Clays". Watts Blake Bearne. 1984. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  18. Stephenson, Alison (1 April 2024). "Villagers given six months to save Devon church". BBC News Online. Retrieved 1 April 2024.
  19. Bridget Cherry; Nikolaus Pevsner (1991). The Buildings of England: Devon. Yale University Press Academic. p. 627. ISBN 978-0-300-09596-8. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  20. "Churck of St. Petrock, Petrockstowe, Devon". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  21. "Saint Petroc's Church". Petrockstowe Village. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  22. Quote from King James Bible
  23. www.yeosociety.com
  24. Lauder, Rosemary (2002). Devon Families. Tiverton: Halsgrove. pp. 67–68. ISBN 1-84114-140-2.
  25. "Methodist Chapel". petrockstowevillage.co.uk. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  26. ^ Lauder, Rosemary (2005). Vanished Houses of North Devon (Revised ed.). North Devon Books. pp. 49–50. ISBN 0-95286-452-5.
  27. "Heanton [Satchville]". Open Domesday. Archived from the original on 12 July 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2013.
  28. ^ Vivian, Lt. Col. J.L., ed. (1895). The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620. Exeter: For the author by H. S. Eland. p. 834.
  29. Thomas Westcote (1845). A View of Devonshire in MDCXXX: With a Pedigree of Most of Its Gentry. William Roberts. pp. 592–593.
  30. ^ Lysons, p. xc-xci, xciii, xcix-c.
  31. "The Laurels Inn". petrockstowevillage.co.uk. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  32. "Baxter Hall". petrockstowevillage.co.uk. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  33. "Our Village". petrockstowevillage.co.uk. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  34. "Recreation Ground". Petrockstowe Village. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
  35. "Tarka Trail". Petrockstowe Village. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
  36. "Nature Reserves: Meeth Quarry and Ash Moor". Petrockstowe Village. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
  37. "List of Transport Services from Petrockstowe". Carlberry - Travel Search. Retrieved 24 June 2013.
  38. "Petrockstowe - Chapel Close". Find the Stop. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
  39. "Tools - Enter Petrockstowe". The Train Line. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
  40. "Local links". Petrockstowe Village. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
  41. anon (1915). Representative British Freemasons. London: Dod's Peerage Limited. pp. 238–240.

Further reading

General
Ball clay
Geology

External links

Media related to Petrockstowe at Wikimedia Commons

Towns, villages and hamlets in the Torridge District of Devon, England
England Civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Devon Devon
List of civil parishes in Devon
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East Devon
Mid Devon
North Devon
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West Devon
South Hams
Teignbridge
Plymouth
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Torbay
Bold text denotes a parish council referred to as a "town council".
  1. Non-metropolitan district of the non-metropolitan county of Devon (administered by Devon County Council).
  2. Has city status in the United Kingdom.
  3. Has borough status in the United Kingdom.
  4. Unitary authority not part of the non-metropolitan county, thus not administered by Devon County Council.
  5. The remainder of Torbay is unparished.
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