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{{short description|1928 film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox film {{Infobox film
| name = Zvenigora | name = Zvenigora
| image = Zvenigora poster.jpg | image = Плакат к фильму «Звенигора» (Воронов, Евстафьев).jpg
| caption = Film poster | caption = Film poster
| director = ] | director = ]
| producer = | producer =
| writer = ]<br>]<br>Alexander Dovzhenko | writer = ]<br>]<br>Alexander Dovzhenko
| starring = ]<br>]<br>]<br>] | starring = ]<br>]<br>]<br>]
| music = | music =
| cinematography = ] | cinematography = ]
| editing = ] | editing = ]
| studio = ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dovzhenkocentre.org/|publisher=dovzhenkocentre.org|title=Національний центр Олександра Довженка|access-date=1 December 2016}}</ref>
| studio ]
| distributor = ] | distributor = ]
| released = {{film date|1928|4|13}} | released = {{film date|1928|4|13|df=y}}
| runtime = 91 min. | runtime = 91 min.
| country = Soviet Union | country = ]
| language = ]<br>] intertitles | language = ]<br>] intertitles
| budget = | budget =
}} }}
]
'''''Zvenigora''''' ({{lang-ru|Звeнигopа}}) is a 1928 Soviet silent film by Ukrainian director ], first shown on April&nbsp;13, 1928.<ref name="comm">{{cite news|url=http://comments.ua/life/246840-zvenigora-stavshaya-golgofoy.html|title=Звенигора, ставшая Голгофой для Александра Довженко|last=Маевская|first=Тереза|date=April 13, 2011|work=Комментарии|accessdate=20 July 2013}}</ref> This was the fourth film by Dovzhenko, but the first one which was widely noticed and discussed in the media. This was also the last film by Dovzhenko where he was not the sole scriptwriter. The script was originally written by ] and ], however, eventually, Dovzhenko strongly modified the script himself and took the names of Johansen and Tyutyunnyk off the film.<ref name="comm"/> '''''Zvenigora''''' ({{langx|ru|Звeнигopа}}) is a 1928 Soviet silent film by Ukrainian director ], first shown on 13&nbsp;April 1928.<ref name="comm">{{cite news|url=http://comments.ua/life/246840-zvenigora-stavshaya-golgofoy.html|title=Звенигора, ставшая Голгофой для Александра Довженко|last=Маевская|first=Тереза|date=13 April 2011|work=Комментарии|access-date=20 July 2013}}</ref> This was the fourth film by Dovzhenko, but the first one which was widely reviewed and discussed in the media. This was also the last film by Dovzhenko for which he was not the sole scriptwriter.


== Cast ==
⚫ Regarded as a silent revolutionary epic, Dovzhenko's initial film in his "Ukraine Trilogy" (along with ] and ]) is almost religious in its tone, relating a millennium of Ukrainian history through the story of an old man who tells his grandson about a treasure buried in a mountain. The film mixes fiction and reality. Although Dovzhenko referred to ''Zvenigora'' as his "party membership card".<ref name="comm"/> Relationship between an individual and the nature is the main theme of the film, which is highly atypical of the Soviet cinema of the end of the 1920s, mostly influenced by the avantguarde. Dovzhenko states that full submission made the humankind forceless in front of the nature, and understanding of the nature is required to make progress. For him, the ] carries such understanding.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.km.ru/kino/encyclopedia/dovzhenko-aleksandr-petrovich|title=Довженко Александр Петрович|publisher=Кирилл и Мефодий|language=Russian|accessdate=21 July 2013}}</ref>
* ] as Scythian leader (as G. Astafyev)
* ] as Grandpa / General
* ] as Peasant
* ] as Pavlo - second grandson (as Les Podorozhnij)
* ] as Timoshka - first grandson
* ] as Ataman
* ] as Monk
* ] as Timoshka's wife
* ] as Okasana — Mountain Princess
* ] as Cossack Officer


==Production==
At the time of release, the film was noticed by the media, but generally regarded as not conforming with the Soviet style esthetics. In 1927, even before the release, the Kino ''newspaper'' sharply criticized the screenplay calling it "bourgeoise" and "nationalistic".<ref name="comm"/>
The script was originally written by ] and ], but eventually Dovzhenko heavily rewrote the script himself and removed Johansen and Tyutyunnyk's names from the screenplay and did not include them in the film credits.<ref name="comm"/>
Pavlo Nechesa, head of the Odesa film studio ] ({{langx|uk|Одеська кінфабрика ВУФКУ}}) recalls: ″We were discussing the screenplay for Zvenigora … Almost everyone was against the script … Dovzhenko said ″I’ll take and make …″. As a project, Zvenigora got its start in June 1927.<ref name="issuu">{{cite web|url=https://issuu.com/dovzhenkocentre/docs/ukrainian_silent|publisher=issuu.com|title=УКРАЇНСЬКЕ НІМЕ / UKRAINIAN RE-VISION by Oleksandr Dovzhenko National Centre - issuu|access-date=29 November 2016}}</ref>

==Plot==
Regarded as a silent revolutionary ], Dovzhenko's initial film in his ''Ukraine Trilogy'' (along with ] and ]) is almost religious in tone, relating a millennium of Ukrainian history through the story of an old man who tells his grandson about a treasure buried in a mountain. The film mixes fiction and reality.

⚫ Although Dovzhenko referred to ''Zvenigora'' as his "party membership card",<ref name="comm"/> the relationship between the individual and nature is the main theme of the film, which is highly atypical of Soviet cinema of the end of the 1920s with its ] influences. Dovzhenko states that full submission to nature{{clarify|date=August 2015}} made humanity powerless in the face of it, and understanding and control of nature is required to make progress. For him, the ] brought about such an understanding.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.km.ru/kino/encyclopedia/dovzhenko-aleksandr-petrovich|script-title=ru:Довженко Александр Петрович|publisher=Кирилл и Мефодий|language=ru|access-date=21 July 2013}}</ref>

==Reception==
In 1927, even before the film's release, the newspaper ''Kino'' (''Cinema'') sharply criticized the screenplay, calling it "]" and "nationalistic".<ref name="comm"/>The film made the young director famous and made a great impression on Sergei Eisenstein and Vsevolod Pudovkin, but the innovative methods in the work of the director of the future VUFKU representatives in Moscow say about Zvenigora: "No one can understand anything."{{fact|date=April 2023}}
Eisenstein said after watching Zvenigora: “Today, for a moment, it was possible to dim the lantern of Diogenes: a man stood in front of us ...”, “Master of his face. Master of his genre. A master of his individuality… a man who created something new in cinema.”{{fact|date=April 2023}}

In the 2012, ] Director's Poll of the Greatest Films of All Time, ] placed it on his top ten list, describing the film as "mind-bogglingly eccentric!"<ref>{{cite web|last1=Maddin|first1=Guy|title=The Greatest Films Poll, Sight & Sound, 2012 Poll: Guy Maddin|url=http://explore.bfi.org.uk/sightandsoundpolls/2012/voter/963|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825225305/http://explore.bfi.org.uk/sightandsoundpolls/2012/voter/963|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 August 2012|website=BFI: Sight & Sound|publisher=British Film Institute|access-date=19 October 2015}}</ref>


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* ''Histoire du cinéma ukrainien (1896–1995)'', Lubomir Hosejko, ], Dié, 2001, {{ISBN|978-2-908730-67-8}}, traduit en ukrainien en 2005 : ''Istoria Oukraïnskovo Kinemotografa'', Kino-Kolo, Kyiv, 2005, {{ISBN|966-8864-00-X}}


==External links== ==External links==
*
*{{IMDb title|0019611}} *{{IMDb title|0019611}}
*{{Internet Archive film|id=Zwenigora|name=Zvenigora}} *{{Internet Archive film|id=Zwenigora|name=Zvenigora}}
*{{Amg movie|56224}}
*Ray Uzwyshyn *Ray Uzwyshyn


{{Alexander Dovzhenko}} {{Alexander Dovzhenko}}


] ]
] ]
] ]
]
]
]
]
]
]
] ]
] ]
] ]
] ]
]
] ]
]

]

]
{{silent-drama-film-stub}}
]
{{Soviet-film-stub}}
]
{{Ukraine-film-stub}}

Latest revision as of 14:54, 22 December 2024

1928 film

Zvenigora
Film poster
Directed byAlexander Dovzhenko
Written byMaike "Mike" Johansen
Yurtyk (Yuri Tiutiunnyk)
Alexander Dovzhenko
StarringSemyon Svashenko
Nikolai Nademsky
Georgi Astafyev
Les Podorozhnij
CinematographyBoris Zavelev
Edited byAlexander Dovzhenko
Production
company		VUFKU
Distributed byMosfilm
Release date
  • 13 April 1928 (1928-04-13)
Running time91 min.
CountrySoviet Union
Languagessilent film
Russian intertitles
Zvenigora (1928) by Alexander Dovzhenko

Zvenigora (Russian: Звeнигopа) is a 1928 Soviet silent film by Ukrainian director Alexander Dovzhenko, first shown on 13 April 1928. This was the fourth film by Dovzhenko, but the first one which was widely reviewed and discussed in the media. This was also the last film by Dovzhenko for which he was not the sole scriptwriter.

Cast

Production

The script was originally written by Maike "Mike" Johansen and Yurtyk (Yuri Tiutiunnyk), but eventually Dovzhenko heavily rewrote the script himself and removed Johansen and Tyutyunnyk's names from the screenplay and did not include them in the film credits. Pavlo Nechesa, head of the Odesa film studio VUFKU (Ukrainian: Одеська кінфабрика ВУФКУ) recalls: ″We were discussing the screenplay for Zvenigora … Almost everyone was against the script … Dovzhenko said ″I’ll take and make …″. As a project, Zvenigora got its start in June 1927.

Plot

Regarded as a silent revolutionary epic, Dovzhenko's initial film in his Ukraine Trilogy (along with Arsenal and Earth) is almost religious in tone, relating a millennium of Ukrainian history through the story of an old man who tells his grandson about a treasure buried in a mountain. The film mixes fiction and reality.

Although Dovzhenko referred to Zvenigora as his "party membership card", the relationship between the individual and nature is the main theme of the film, which is highly atypical of Soviet cinema of the end of the 1920s with its avant-garde influences. Dovzhenko states that full submission to nature made humanity powerless in the face of it, and understanding and control of nature is required to make progress. For him, the October Revolution brought about such an understanding.

Reception

In 1927, even before the film's release, the newspaper Kino (Cinema) sharply criticized the screenplay, calling it "bourgeois" and "nationalistic".The film made the young director famous and made a great impression on Sergei Eisenstein and Vsevolod Pudovkin, but the innovative methods in the work of the director of the future VUFKU representatives in Moscow say about Zvenigora: "No one can understand anything." Eisenstein said after watching Zvenigora: “Today, for a moment, it was possible to dim the lantern of Diogenes: a man stood in front of us ...”, “Master of his face. Master of his genre. A master of his individuality… a man who created something new in cinema.”

In the 2012, Sight & Sound Director's Poll of the Greatest Films of All Time, Guy Maddin placed it on his top ten list, describing the film as "mind-bogglingly eccentric!"

References

  1. "Національний центр Олександра Довженка". dovzhenkocentre.org. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
  2. ^ Маевская, Тереза (13 April 2011). "Звенигора, ставшая Голгофой для Александра Довженко". Комментарии. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
  3. "УКРАЇНСЬКЕ НІМЕ / UKRAINIAN RE-VISION by Oleksandr Dovzhenko National Centre - issuu". issuu.com. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
  4. Довженко Александр Петрович (in Russian). Кирилл и Мефодий. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
  5. Maddin, Guy. "The Greatest Films Poll, Sight & Sound, 2012 Poll: Guy Maddin". BFI: Sight & Sound. British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 19 October 2015.

Bibliography

External links

Films directed by Alexander Dovzhenko
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