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{{short description|Highest mountain in Arizona}} | |||
{{For|the higher peak in the ]|Mount Humphreys}} | {{For|the higher peak in the ]|Mount Humphreys}} | ||
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2014}} | |||
{{Infobox mountain | {{Infobox mountain | ||
| name = Humphreys Peak | | name = Humphreys Peak | ||
| other_name = {{langx|hop|Aaloosaktukwi}} {{Langx|nv|Doko'o'osliid}} | |||
| photo = San Francisco Peaks, winter.jpg | | photo = San Francisco Peaks, winter.jpg | ||
| photo_caption = Humphreys Peak | | photo_caption = Humphreys Peak in winter 2004 | ||
| elevation_ft = |
| elevation_ft = 12633 | ||
| elevation_ref = {{navd88}}<ref name="ngs">{{cite ngs |id=FQ0624 |name=Frisco | |
| elevation_ref = {{navd88}}<ref name="ngs">{{cite ngs |id=FQ0624 |name=Frisco |access-date=November 13, 2008}}</ref> | ||
| prominence_ft = 6039 | | prominence_ft = 6039 | ||
| prominence_ref = <ref name="pb">{{cite peakbagger |pid=3938 |name=Humphreys Peak, Arizona | |
| prominence_ref = <ref name="pb">{{cite peakbagger |pid=3938 |name=Humphreys Peak, Arizona |access-date=November 13, 2008}}</ref> | ||
| listing = ]<br />] | |||
| map = Arizona | |||
| map_caption = Arizona | |||
| map_width = 230 | |||
| label_position = bottom | |||
| location = ], ], ] | |||
| range = ] | | range = ] | ||
| isolation = {{convert|245.85|mi}} | |||
| lat_d = 35.346341917 | |||
| listing = {{unbulleted list | |||
| long_d = -111.677945539 | |||
| ] 48th | |||
| region = US-AZ | |||
| ] 64th | |||
| source = NGS | |||
| ] 12th<ref>{{cite peakbagger |lid=12004 |title=United States State High Points (plus DC) |access-date=2016-08-17}}</ref> | |||
| coordinates_ref = <ref name="ngs"/> | |||
}} | |||
| location = ], ] | |||
| map = USA Arizona | |||
| map_caption = none | |||
| map_width = 180 | |||
| label_position = bottom | |||
| coordinates = {{coord|35|20|46.8|N|111|40|40.6|W|type:mountain_region:US-AZ_scale:100000_source:NGS|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | |||
| range_coordinates = | |||
| coordinates_ref = <ref name="ngs" /> | |||
| topo = ] Humphreys Peak | | topo = ] Humphreys Peak | ||
| first_ascent = |
| first_ascent = | ||
| type = igneous, volcanic | | type = igneous, volcanic | ||
| volcanic_field = ] | | volcanic_field = ] | ||
| easiest_route = Humphreys Trail, {{YDS|1}}<ref name= |
| easiest_route = Humphreys Trail, {{YDS|1}}<ref name=coconino>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/coconino/recreation/hunting/recarea/?recid=55108&actid=50 |title=Humphreys Trail #51 |publisher=], ] |access-date=February 4, 2014}}</ref> | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Humphreys Peak''' ({{ |
'''Humphreys Peak''' ({{langx|hop|Aaloosaktukwi}}, {{langx|nv|Dookʼoʼoosłííd}} "its summit never melts"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dookʼoʼoosłííd |url=https://en.wiktionary.org/Dook%CA%BCo%CA%BCoos%C5%82%C3%AD%C3%ADd |website=Misplaced Pages}}</ref>) is the highest mountain and the second most prominent peak after ] in the U.S. state of ].<ref>{{cite web|date=April 29, 2005 |url=http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |title=Elevations and Distances in the United States |publisher=United States Geological Survey |access-date=March 29, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080601170143/http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |archive-date=June 1, 2008 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> With an elevation of {{convert|12633|ft|m}},<ref name="ngs"/> it is located within the ] in the ], about {{convert|11|mi|km|1}} north of ]. Humphreys Peak is the highest of a group of dormant ] peaks known as the ].<ref name=coconino/> | ||
Humphreys Peak was named in about 1870 for General ], a ] officer who was a ] ] during the ], and who later became ] of the ]. However, a ] map from 1903 showed the name ''San Francisco Peak'' applied to this feature (apparently borrowed from ] on which the peak stands). Thus the ] approved the variant name in 1911. In 1933, the application of the names was rectified.<ref>{{cite gnis |id=30290|name=Humphreys Peak |accessdate=2008-11-13}}</ref> | |||
Humphreys Peak was named in about 1870 for General ], a ] officer who was a ] ] during the ], and who later became ] of the ]. However, a ] map from 1903 showed the name ''San Francisco Peak'' applied to this feature (apparently borrowed from ] on which the peak stands). Thus the ] approved the variant name in 1911. In 1933, the application of the names was rectified.<ref name=GNIS>{{cite gnis |id=30290|name=Humphreys Peak |access-date=June 30, 2021}}</ref> | |||
The treeline of Humphreys Peak is around {{convert|11,400|ft}}. Hazards of the hike include a steep and rocky trail, risk of lightning strike, snow, and avalanche danger in winter.<ref name=coconino>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/coconino/recreation/hunting/recarea/?recid=55108&actid=50 |title=Humphreys Trail #51 |publisher=], ] |accessdate=2014-02-04}}</ref> | |||
==Geology== | |||
Humphreys Peak is a dormant volcano that rises from the ]. A gravity induced landslide or blast eruption similar to the ] created the large open-bowl shape on the eastern half of the mountain. Before this collapse, the ] estimated the volcano could have been 15,000 to 16,000 feet in elevation. During the ice ages of the ], small glaciers carved narrow valleys just below the summit.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sunset Crater - Humphreys Peak {{!}} U.S. Geological Survey |url=https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/sunset-crater-humphreys-peak |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=www.usgs.gov}}</ref> Much of the mountain is composed of ], a gray volcanic rock.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lucchitta |first=Ivo |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Hiking_Arizona_s_Geology/lNyMgXdhFMEC |title=Hiking Arizona's Geology |date=2001 |publisher=The Mountaineers Books |isbn=978-0-89886-730-5 |language=en}}</ref> | |||
==Climate== | |||
{{wide image|San Francisco Peaks 3.JPG|900px|Humphrey's Peak right of center from the Humphrey's-Agassiz saddle to the south|800px|none}} | |||
The climate at the top of the mountain belongs to the ] (]: ''Dsc''), close to the ] (]: ''ET''), and the climate a little further down the mountainside is ] (]: ''Dsb'') or ] (]: ''Csb''). Six months of the year average temperatures below {{Convert|32|F}}, and only July averages temperatures above {{Convert|50|F}}. No month has a ] higher than {{Convert|32|F}}. | |||
Due to its prominence and isolation, Mt Humphreys is often subject to ], especially during the ]. Additionally, the upper half of the mountain is above the treeline and composed of steep rocks, making hikers more exposed to sudden changes in weather.<ref name=coconino/> In 2016, a 17-year-old hiker died and two other teens were injured after being struck by lightning on Humphreys Peak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Update: One Tempe teen dead, two hurt after lightning strike on Humphreys Peak |url=https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/arizona-breaking/2016/07/20/arizona-flagstaff-hikers-struck-lightning-humphreys-peak/87359948/ |access-date=22 December 2024 |website=The Arizona Republic |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
{{Weather box | |||
|location = Humphreys Peak 35.3463 N, 111.6779 W, Elevation: {{cvt|11729|ft}} (1991–2020 normals) | |||
|single line = y | |||
|width=auto | |||
|Jan high F = 32.8 | |||
|Feb high F = 32.6 | |||
|Mar high F = 36.6 | |||
|Apr high F = 42.0 | |||
|May high F = 50.1 | |||
|Jun high F = 61.2 | |||
|Jul high F = 64.4 | |||
|Aug high F = 62.1 | |||
|Sep high F = 57.1 | |||
|Oct high F = 48.7 | |||
|Nov high F = 40.2 | |||
|Dec high F = 33.4 | |||
|Jan mean F = 21.6 | |||
|Feb mean F = 20.9 | |||
|Mar mean F = 24.4 | |||
|Apr mean F = 29.0 | |||
|May mean F = 36.7 | |||
|Jun mean F = 47.0 | |||
|Jul mean F = 51.6 | |||
|Aug mean F = 50.0 | |||
|Sep mean F = 44.6 | |||
|Oct mean F = 36.1 | |||
|Nov mean F = 28.5 | |||
|Dec mean F = 22.1 | |||
|Jan low F = 10.5 | |||
|Feb low F = 9.2 | |||
|Mar low F = 12.2 | |||
|Apr low F = 15.9 | |||
|May low F = 23.4 | |||
|Jun low F = 32.7 | |||
|Jul low F = 38.8 | |||
|Aug low F = 37.9 | |||
|Sep low F = 32.2 | |||
|Oct low F = 23.6 | |||
|Nov low F = 16.7 | |||
|Dec low F = 10.8 | |||
|precipitation colour = green | |||
|Jan precipitation inch = 5.20 | |||
|Feb precipitation inch = 5.14 | |||
|Mar precipitation inch = 4.79 | |||
|Apr precipitation inch = 2.60 | |||
|May precipitation inch = 1.45 | |||
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.58 | |||
|Jul precipitation inch = 3.64 | |||
|Aug precipitation inch = 5.34 | |||
|Sep precipitation inch = 2.99 | |||
|Oct precipitation inch = 2.90 | |||
|Nov precipitation inch = 3.21 | |||
|Dec precipitation inch = 5.05 | |||
|Jan dew point F = 4.0 | |||
|Feb dew point F = 5.5 | |||
|Mar dew point F = 6.4 | |||
|Apr dew point F = 6.9 | |||
|May dew point F = 10.6 | |||
|Jun dew point F = 11.7 | |||
|Jul dew point F = 27.4 | |||
|Aug dew point F = 30.9 | |||
|Sep dew point F = 26.6 | |||
|Oct dew point F = 14.7 | |||
|Nov dew point F = 8.5 | |||
|Dec dew point F = 4.3 | |||
|source=PRISM Climate Group<ref>{{cite web | |||
|url= http://prism.oregonstate.edu/explorer/ | |||
|title= PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University | |||
|publisher= PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University | |||
|access-date= September 30, 2023 | |||
|quote= To find the table data on the PRISM website, start by clicking ''Coordinates'' (under ''Location''); copy ''Latitude'' and ''Longitude figures'' from top of table; click ''Zoom to location''; click ''Precipitation, Minimum temp, Mean temp, Maximum temp''; click ''30-year normals, 1991-2020''; click ''800m''; click ''Retrieve Time Series'' button.}}</ref> | |||
}} | |||
{{wide image|San Francisco Peaks 3.JPG|x160px|Humphreys Peak right of center from the Humphreys-Agassiz saddle to the south|center}} | |||
==Recreation== | |||
The ], which operates 8 lifts and 55 ski runs with a total vertical drop of 2,300 ft, is located on the western slope of Mount Humphrey. | |||
Due to its proximity to ] and the ], the trail to the summit is relatively popular. In the summer, when there is no snow, the climb is relatively easy, being a strenuous, steep hike. In the winter, avalanche risk or blizzards is a possible hazard. The trail to the summit is 9 miles (14.5 kilometers) roundtrip with 3400 ft of elevation gain (1 km).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-09-20 |title=Humphrey's Peak Trail |url=https://www.grandcanyontrust.org/hikes/cpe-humphreys-peak-trail |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=Grand Canyon Trust |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hazzard |first=Cris |date=2024-09-03 |title=Humphreys Peak Hike |url=https://hikingguy.com/hiking-trails/best-hikes-in-the-us/humphreys-peak-hike/ |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=HikingGuy.com |language=en}}</ref> The trailhead starts below the tree-line in a dense forest and ends well above the tree-line with unobstructed, 360 degree views, where the ] can be seen in the distant north and ] just south. | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
{{portal|Geography|Arizona|Mountains}} | |||
* ] | * ] | ||
* ] | |||
* ] | * ] | ||
* ] | |||
* ] | * ] | ||
* ] | |||
==References |
==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist|30em}} | ||
== |
==External links== | ||
{{sister project links|auto=1}} | |||
* {{cite summitpost |id=150241 |title=Humphreys Peak}} | * {{cite summitpost |id=150241 |title=Humphreys Peak}} | ||
* {{cite web |url=http://www.rmrs.nau.edu/webcam/ |title=The peaks cam project |publisher=]}} | * {{cite web |url=http://www.rmrs.nau.edu/webcam/ |title=The peaks cam project |publisher=]}} | ||
* . U.S. Forest Service. | * . U.S. Forest Service. | ||
* |
* HikeArizona.com. | ||
* U.S. Forest Service. | |||
* . U.S. Forest Service. | |||
{{crlf}} | |||
{{commons|position=left|San Francisco Peaks}} | |||
{{NA isolated}} | |||
{{U.S. State Highest Points|state=collapsed}} | |||
{{US prominent}} | |||
{{U.S. State Highest Points}} | |||
{{Mountains of Arizona}} | |||
] | ] | ||
] | ] | ||
] | ] | ||
] | ] | ||
] | ] | ||
] | ] | ||
] | |||
] | |||
] |
Latest revision as of 08:19, 23 December 2024
Highest mountain in Arizona For the higher peak in the Sierra Nevada, see Mount Humphreys.
Humphreys Peak | |
---|---|
Hopi: Aaloosaktukwi Navajo: Doko'o'osliid | |
Humphreys Peak in winter 2004 | |
Highest point | |
Elevation | 12,633 ft (3,851 m) NAVD 88 |
Prominence | 6,039 ft (1,841 m) |
Isolation | 245.85 miles (395.66 km) |
Listing | |
Coordinates | 35°20′46.8″N 111°40′40.6″W / 35.346333°N 111.677944°W / 35.346333; -111.677944 |
Geography | |
Humphreys Peak | |
Location | Coconino County, Arizona, U.S. |
Parent range | San Francisco Peaks |
Topo map | USGS Humphreys Peak |
Geology | |
Mountain type(s) | igneous, volcanic |
Volcanic field | San Francisco volcanic field |
Climbing | |
Easiest route | Humphreys Trail, class 1 |
Humphreys Peak (Hopi: Aaloosaktukwi, Navajo: Dookʼoʼoosłííd "its summit never melts") is the highest mountain and the second most prominent peak after Mount Graham in the U.S. state of Arizona. With an elevation of 12,633 feet (3,851 m), it is located within the Kachina Peaks Wilderness in the Coconino National Forest, about 11 miles (17.7 km) north of Flagstaff, Arizona. Humphreys Peak is the highest of a group of dormant volcanic peaks known as the San Francisco Peaks.
Humphreys Peak was named in about 1870 for General Andrew A. Humphreys, a U.S. Army officer who was a Union general during the American Civil War, and who later became Chief of Engineers of the United States Army Corps of Engineers. However, a United States General Land Office map from 1903 showed the name San Francisco Peak applied to this feature (apparently borrowed from San Francisco Mountain on which the peak stands). Thus the United States Board on Geographic Names approved the variant name in 1911. In 1933, the application of the names was rectified.
Geology
Humphreys Peak is a dormant volcano that rises from the San Francisco Volcanic Field. A gravity induced landslide or blast eruption similar to the 1980 eruptions of Mt St. Helens created the large open-bowl shape on the eastern half of the mountain. Before this collapse, the USGS estimated the volcano could have been 15,000 to 16,000 feet in elevation. During the ice ages of the Pleistocene Epoch, small glaciers carved narrow valleys just below the summit. Much of the mountain is composed of Trachyte, a gray volcanic rock.
Climate
The climate at the top of the mountain belongs to the dry-summer subarctic climate (Köppen: Dsc), close to the tundra climate (Köppen: ET), and the climate a little further down the mountainside is Hemiboreal climate (Köppen: Dsb) or warm dry-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csb). Six months of the year average temperatures below 32 °F (0 °C), and only July averages temperatures above 50 °F (10 °C). No month has a dew point higher than 32 °F (0 °C).
Due to its prominence and isolation, Mt Humphreys is often subject to lightning, especially during the monsoon months in the summer. Additionally, the upper half of the mountain is above the treeline and composed of steep rocks, making hikers more exposed to sudden changes in weather. In 2016, a 17-year-old hiker died and two other teens were injured after being struck by lightning on Humphreys Peak.
Climate data for Humphreys Peak 35.3463 N, 111.6779 W, Elevation: 11,729 ft (3,575 m) (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 32.8 (0.4) |
32.6 (0.3) |
36.6 (2.6) |
42.0 (5.6) |
50.1 (10.1) |
61.2 (16.2) |
64.4 (18.0) |
62.1 (16.7) |
57.1 (13.9) |
48.7 (9.3) |
40.2 (4.6) |
33.4 (0.8) |
46.8 (8.2) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 21.6 (−5.8) |
20.9 (−6.2) |
24.4 (−4.2) |
29.0 (−1.7) |
36.7 (2.6) |
47.0 (8.3) |
51.6 (10.9) |
50.0 (10.0) |
44.6 (7.0) |
36.1 (2.3) |
28.5 (−1.9) |
22.1 (−5.5) |
34.4 (1.3) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 10.5 (−11.9) |
9.2 (−12.7) |
12.2 (−11.0) |
15.9 (−8.9) |
23.4 (−4.8) |
32.7 (0.4) |
38.8 (3.8) |
37.9 (3.3) |
32.2 (0.1) |
23.6 (−4.7) |
16.7 (−8.5) |
10.8 (−11.8) |
22.0 (−5.6) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 5.20 (132) |
5.14 (131) |
4.79 (122) |
2.60 (66) |
1.45 (37) |
0.58 (15) |
3.64 (92) |
5.34 (136) |
2.99 (76) |
2.90 (74) |
3.21 (82) |
5.05 (128) |
42.89 (1,091) |
Average dew point °F (°C) | 4.0 (−15.6) |
5.5 (−14.7) |
6.4 (−14.2) |
6.9 (−13.9) |
10.6 (−11.9) |
11.7 (−11.3) |
27.4 (−2.6) |
30.9 (−0.6) |
26.6 (−3.0) |
14.7 (−9.6) |
8.5 (−13.1) |
4.3 (−15.4) |
13.1 (−10.5) |
Source: PRISM Climate Group |
Recreation
The Arizona Snowbowl ski resort, which operates 8 lifts and 55 ski runs with a total vertical drop of 2,300 ft, is located on the western slope of Mount Humphrey.
Due to its proximity to Flagstaff and the US 180, the trail to the summit is relatively popular. In the summer, when there is no snow, the climb is relatively easy, being a strenuous, steep hike. In the winter, avalanche risk or blizzards is a possible hazard. The trail to the summit is 9 miles (14.5 kilometers) roundtrip with 3400 ft of elevation gain (1 km). The trailhead starts below the tree-line in a dense forest and ends well above the tree-line with unobstructed, 360 degree views, where the Grand Canyon can be seen in the distant north and Flagstaff just south.
See also
- List of U.S. states by elevation
- List of Ultras of the United States
- List of mountains and hills of Arizona by height
- San Francisco Peaks
References
- ^ "Frisco". NGS Data Sheet. National Geodetic Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce. Retrieved November 13, 2008.
- "Humphreys Peak, Arizona". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved November 13, 2008.
- "United States State High Points (plus DC)". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
- ^ "Humphreys Trail #51". Coconino National Forest, U.S. Forest Service. Retrieved February 4, 2014.
- "Dookʼoʼoosłííd". Misplaced Pages.
- "Elevations and Distances in the United States". United States Geological Survey. April 29, 2005. Archived from the original on June 1, 2008. Retrieved March 29, 2009.
- "Humphreys Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved June 30, 2021.
- "Sunset Crater - Humphreys Peak | U.S. Geological Survey". www.usgs.gov. Retrieved December 22, 2024.
- Lucchitta, Ivo (2001). Hiking Arizona's Geology. The Mountaineers Books. ISBN 978-0-89886-730-5.
- "Update: One Tempe teen dead, two hurt after lightning strike on Humphreys Peak". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved December 22, 2024.
- "PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University". PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
To find the table data on the PRISM website, start by clicking Coordinates (under Location); copy Latitude and Longitude figures from top of table; click Zoom to location; click Precipitation, Minimum temp, Mean temp, Maximum temp; click 30-year normals, 1991-2020; click 800m; click Retrieve Time Series button.
- "Humphrey's Peak Trail". Grand Canyon Trust. September 20, 2016. Retrieved December 22, 2024.
- Hazzard, Cris (September 3, 2024). "Humphreys Peak Hike". HikingGuy.com. Retrieved December 22, 2024.
External links
- "Humphreys Peak". SummitPost.org.
- "The peaks cam project". U.S. Forest Service.
- "Kachina Trail #150". U.S. Forest Service.
- "Humphreys Peak Trail #151." HikeArizona.com.
- "Kachina Peaks Wilderness." U.S. Forest Service.