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| {{Short description|Medical dissertation attributed to Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha}} | |||
| {{italic title}} | |||
| {{good article}} | |||
| {{Arabicterm | {{Arabicterm | ||
| |arabic = {{lang|ar|ٱلرِّسَالَة ٱلذَّهَبِيَّة}} | |||
| |arabic = الرسالة الذهبیة | |||
| |arabic_rom = |
|arabic_rom = {{transl|ar|Risālah az-Zahabīyah}} | ||
| |literal meaning = Golden Treatise | |literal meaning = The Golden Treatise | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| {{Shia Islam}} | {{Shia Islam}} | ||
| '''''Al-Risalah al-Dhahabiah''''' ({{langx|ar|ٱلرِّسَالَة ٱلذَّهَبِيَّة}}, {{IPA|ar|'rɪsælætæ 'ðæhæ'biæ}}; "The Golden Treatise") is a medical ] on health and remedies attributed to ] (765–818), the eighth ] of ]. He wrote this dissertation in accordance with the demand of ], the ] of the time.<ref name="al islam">{{cite book |last= Muhammad Jawad Fadlallah |title= Imam ar-Ridha', A Historical and Biographical Research |url=http://www.al-islam.org/imam-ar-ridha-a-historical-and-biographical-research-muhammad-jawad-fadlallah|others=Yasin T. Al-Jibouri|website=Al-islam.org|date= 27 September 2012 |access-date= 18 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="madelung">{{cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-al-reza|title=ALĪ AL-REŻĀ, the eighth Imam of the Emāmī Shiʿites. |author=W. Madelung |author-link=Wilferd Madelung |date= 1 August 2011 |website=Iranicaonline.org |access-date= 18 June 2014}}</ref> It is revered as the most precious Islamic literature in the science of medicine, and was entitled "the golden treatise" as Ma'mun had ordered it written in gold ink.<ref name="madelung"/> The chain of narrators is said to reach ] or ] who is described as "highly esteemed and trustworthy" by al-Najjashi.<ref name="derakhshan">{{cite journal |last= Derakhshan |first=Mahdi |title=al-Risalah al-Dhahabiah (in medicine) attributed to Hazrat Reza (a.s) |url=http://www.noormags.com/view/fa/articlepage/515571 |journal=Literature and Human Science Department of Tehran University |date=July 1362 |volume=101-104 |issue=25 |pages=87–112 |access-date=27 June 2014}}</ref> | |||
| According to the treatise, one's health is determined by four humors of |
The treatise of Ali al-Ridha includes scientific branches such as ], ], ] and ] when medical science was still primitive. According to the treatise, one's health is determined by four humors of ], ], ] and ], the suitable proportion of which maintains the health. The liver plays an important role in producing and maintaining the required proportions in the body. Ali al-Ridha describes the body as a kingdom whose king is the heart while the (blood) vessels, the limbs, and the brain are the laborers. The issue of the authorship and the transmission of the text has been critically analysed in the studies by Speziale (2004) and Speziale - Giurini (2009). | ||
| ==Author== | |||
| ==Why Ali ibn Musa al-Rida wrote the treatise== | |||
| {{main article|Ali al-Ridha}} | |||
| The Ma'mun's palace was a center for philosophical and scientific researches in which many scientific seminars were held. One of the mentioned seminars was on man's body which included the greatest scholars and leaders. Some of the participants of that medical seminar are as follows: | |||
| The treatise is authored by Ali al-Ridha who was the seventh descendant of the ] ] and the eighth of ]. His given name was 'Alī ibn Mūsā ibn Ja'far. He was born in the house of Imam Musa al-Kadhim (the seventh Imam of ] ] Islam) in ] on the eleventh of ], 148 AH (December 29, 765 CE). Ali al-Ridha was summoned to Khurasan and reluctantly accepted the role of successor to Ma'mun that was forced on him.<ref name="madelung"/><ref name="shia islam">{{cite book|last = Tabatabaei|first = Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn|author-link = Allameh Tabatabaei|title = Shi'ite Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Be5DeNM8d1EC&pg=PA258|year = 1975|isbn = 0-87395-390-8| translator=Sayyid Hossein Nasr| translator-link=Seyyed Hossein Nasr|publisher=State University of New York Press}}</ref> He did not outlive Ma'mun, having been given poisoned grapes by him while accompanying him in ], and died at ] on May 26, 818. Ali al-Ridha is buried within ], in ], ].<ref name="madelung"/><ref>{{cite book|last=Chittick|first=William C.|title=A Shi'ite Anthology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rMnFZOHkurcC&pg=PA138|year=1980|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=978-0-87395-510-2}}</ref> | |||
| * Ali ibn Musa al-Rida | |||
| * Ma'mun | |||
| * ], the physician | |||
| * ], the physician | |||
| * Salih ibn Salhama, the Indian philosopher | |||
| ==Background== | |||
| The participants were involved in a lengthy discussion about the body makeup and various types of foods, while Ali |
The Ma'mun's palace was a center for philosophical and scientific researches in which many scientific seminars were held.<ref name="shia islam"/> One of the mentioned seminars was on man's body which included the greatest scholars and leaders. Ali al-Ridha, Ma'mun, ] (the physician), ] (the physician) and Salih ibn Salhama (the Indian philosopher) were some participants of that medical seminar. The participants were involved in a lengthy discussion about the body makeup and various types of foods, while Ali al-Ridha kept silent. Afterwards, Ma'mun asked him to demonstrate his knowledge of physiology and nutrition and Imam replied:<ref name="al islam"/>{{quote|I have of it knowledge of what I have personally tested and came to know about its accuracy by experience and by the passage of time in addition to what I was told by my ancestors of what no body afford to be ignorant of, nor excused for leaving it. I shall compile it with an equal portion of what everyone should know.<ref name="al islam"/>}} | ||
| Soon after that, Ma'mun departed for Balkh, and wrote to Imam asking him to fulfill his promise and write a treatise on the body and its health, hence Imam authored "The Golden Treatise" at the request of Ma'mun.<ref name="al islam"/> | |||
| ==Contents== | |||
| ==Golden treatise in brief== | |||
| ].]] | |||
| The dissertation of Ali ibn Musa al-Rida begins as follows:{{quote|In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Know, Commander of the faithful, when Allah tries a servant with a disease, he appoints for him a medicine in order to cure himself with it, and for every kind of disease there is a kind of medicine, conduct, and prescription.<ref name="Imam reza 2">{{cite web|url=http://www.imamreza.net/eng/imamreza.php?id=1292|title=The Unique Medical Dissertation by Imam Reza(A.S.)|author= Staff writer |website=Imamreza.net |publisher= |accessdate= 19 June 2014}}</ref>}} | |||
| The dissertation of Ali al-Ridha includes scientific branches such as ], ], ] and ] when medical science was still primitive.<ref name="Dungersi1996">{{cite book|last=Dungersi|first=Mohammed Raza|title=A Brief Biography of Imam Ali bin Musa (a.s.): al-Ridha|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VU9kAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA34|year=1996|publisher=Bilal Muslim Mission of Tanzania|isbn=978-9976-956-94-8|pages=34–}}</ref> it begins as follows:{{quote|In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Know, when Allah tries a servant with a disease, he appoints for him a medicine in order to cure himself with it, and for every kind of disease there is a kind of medicine, conduct, and prescription.<ref name="Baqir">{{cite book|last=al-Qarashi|first=Ba`qir Sharïf|title=The life of Ima'm 'Ali Bin Mu'sa' al-Rida|url=http://umaa-library.org/sites/default/files/al-Qurashi.Baqir_.The%20Life%20of%20Imam%20Ali%20bin%20Musa%20Al-Ridha.doc|others=Ja`sim al-Rasheed|access-date=2014-07-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303175524/http://umaa-library.org/sites/default/files/al-Qurashi.Baqir_.The%20Life%20of%20Imam%20Ali%20bin%20Musa%20Al-Ridha.doc|archive-date=2016-03-03|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} | |||
| Ali |
Ali al-Ridha writes in his treatise that one's health is in accordance with the balance of phlegm, yellow bile, blood and black bile; an individual becomes sick when this proportion is unbalanced. Nutrition and traditional medicine may be used to cure imbalances. The liver plays an important role in producing and maintaining the required proportions in the body.<ref name="Baqir"/> | ||
| Ali |
Ali al-Ridha describes the body as a kingdom whose king is the heart while the (blood) vessels, the limbs, and the brain are workers. He then continues as such:{{quote|The house of the king is his heart; the body is his land; his hands, his legs, eyes, lips, tongues, and his ears are the helpers; his storekeepers are his stomach; and his chamberlain is his chest. Therefore, the hands are two helpers which bring (things) near, take (them) away, and work as the king reveals to them. The legs are king's vehicle and carry him wherever he likes. The eyes lead the king to that which disappears from him<ref name="Baqir"/>}} | ||
| Imam al-Rida names the main organs of the human body as the heart, the nerves, the brain, the hands and the Legs the ear and the eye. He discusses their characteristics and functions in detail. Regarding the human body containing systems and cells he said:{{quote|Do you think that you are a small body, while the greatest world has folded itself in you.<ref name="Baqir"/>}} | |||
| Imam al-Rida names the main organs of the human body as: | |||
| ⚫ | In another part of the treatise, he discusses what kind of foods are suitable according to season, time of the day and the age of an individual. He says:{{quote|eat cold (foods) in summer, hot (foods) in winter, and moderate (foods) in the two seasons according to your strength and appetite; and start with the lightest food on which your body feed according to your material, your ability, your activity, and your time in which you must have food every eight hours or three meals every two days...<ref name="ghaemiyeh">{{cite book|author=Staff writers |title=Tebbol Reza, Medicine and hygiene from Imam Ali ibn Mousa al-Ridha |url=http://www.ghaemiyeh.com/downloads/9332-FA-teb%20alreza-teb%20va%20behdasht%20az%20imam%20reza%20alayhem%20alsalam.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140211031656/http://www.ghaemiyeh.com/downloads/9332-FA-teb%20alreza-teb%20va%20behdasht%20az%20imam%20reza%20alayhem%20alsalam.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2014-02-11 |location=Isfahan |publisher=Ghaemieh Isfahan research center }}</ref>}} | ||
| * The heart | |||
| ⚫ | In other parts, he discusses body disease, months and seasons of the year.<ref name="derakhshan"/> | ||
| Al-Rida describes the heart as the Allah's marvelous signs in human body. Explaining the functions of the heart, he mentions: | |||
| {{quote|...We must think of this marvelous sign in the body, which is the organization of heat. There is something like thermometer in the body. When sensory news comes from the skin and tells about the external surroundings and degree of their heat, this area which is in the brain stem and what is on it hurries to the circulatory system and urges it to protect the external boundaries and orders it to play the role of the sincere worker during this crisis, and the flexible circulatory system responds to it, and quickly the contraction of the blood vessels occur, and the heart pumps adequate supply of blood to the skin. If the skin is cold, the flow of blood which conveys heat increases in order to remove the coldness and vice versa.}} | |||
| * The nerves | |||
| * The brain | |||
| * The hands and the Legs | |||
| * The ear | |||
| * The eye | |||
| And discusses their characteristics and functions in detail. | |||
| ⚫ | In another part of the treatise, |
||
| ⚫ | In other parts, |
||
| ==Reception== | |||
| ==Ma'mun praised the dissertation== | |||
| Ali ibn Musa al-Rida sent his dissertation to Ma'mun |
Ali ibn Musa al-Rida sent his dissertation to Ma'mun who was very pleased to receive it and showed his great interest by ordering that the treatise be written down in gold ink, hence it came to be known as the "Gold Treatise".<ref name="al islam"/> Ma'mun praised it and said:{{quote|I have reviewed the dissertation of my learned cousin, the loved and virtuous one, the logical physician, which deals with the betterment of the body, the conduct of bathing, the balance of nutrition, and I found it very well organized and one of the best blessings. I carefully studied it, reviewed and contemplated upon it, till its wisdom manifested itself to me, and its benefits became obvious, and it found its place in my heart, so I learned it by heart and I understood it by my mind, for I found it to be a most precious item to post, a great treasure, and a most useful item, so I ordered it to be written in gold due to its being precious, and I deposited it at the depository of wisdom after I had it copied down by the descendants of Hashim, the youths of the nation. Bodies become healthy by balanced diets, and life becomes possible by overcoming disease, and through life wisdom is achieved, and through wisdom Paradise is won, and it is worthy of being safeguarded and treasured, and an object of value and esteem and a reliable physician and a counselor to refer to and a substance of knowledge in its injunctions and prohibitions. | ||
| Because it came out of the house of those who derive their knowledge from the knowledge of the Chosen One (S), the missive of the prophets, the proofs of successors to the prophets, the manners of scholars, the cure to the hearts and the sick from among the people of ignorance and blindness..., may God be pleased with them, bless and be merciful to them, the first of them and the last, the young and the old, I showed it to the elite among my closest train who are known for their wisdom, knowledge of medicine, authors of books, those who are counted among the people of knowledge and described with wisdom, and each one of them lauded it and thought highly of it, elevated it with esteem and appreciated it in order to be fair to its author, submitting to him, believing in the wisdom he included therein.<ref>{{cite book|title= A'yan al-Shi'a| volume=4|pages=2, 143 and 144}}</ref>}} | Because it came out of the house of those who derive their knowledge from the knowledge of the Chosen One (S), the missive of the prophets, the proofs of successors to the prophets, the manners of scholars, the cure to the hearts and the sick from among the people of ignorance and blindness..., may God be pleased with them, bless and be merciful to them, the first of them and the last, the young and the old, I showed it to the elite among my closest train who are known for their wisdom, knowledge of medicine, authors of books, those who are counted among the people of knowledge and described with wisdom, and each one of them lauded it and thought highly of it, elevated it with esteem and appreciated it in order to be fair to its author, submitting to him, believing in the wisdom he included therein.<ref>{{cite book|title= A'yan al-Shi'a| volume=4|pages=2, 143 and 144}}</ref>}} | ||
| ==Commentaries on the treatise== | ==Commentaries on the treatise== | ||
| Various commentaries have been written on this dissertation some of which are as follows:<ref name="al islam"/> | |||
| # Tarjamat al-Alawi lil Tibb al-Radawi by Sayyid Diaud-Din Abul-Rida Fadlallah ibn Ali al-Rawandi (548 AH) | # Tarjamat al-Alawi lil Tibb al-Radawi by ] | ||
| # Tarjamat al-Dhahabiyya by mawla Faydallah 'Usarah al-Shushtari | # Tarjamat al-Dhahabiyya by mawla Faydallah 'Usarah al-Shushtari | ||
| # Tarjamat al-Dhahabiyya by Muhammad Baqir |
# Tarjamat al-Dhahabiyya by ]. (Available at the private library of the late Sayyid Hassan al-Sadr, Kazimiyya, Iraq) | ||
| # Afiyat al-Bariyya fi Sharh al-Dhahabiyya by Mirza Muhammad Hadi son of Mirza Muhammad Salih al-Shirazi | # Afiyat al-Bariyya fi Sharh al-Dhahabiyya by Mirza Muhammad Hadi son of Mirza Muhammad Salih al-Shirazi | ||
| # Sharh Tibb al-Rida by mawla Muhammad Sharif al-Khatoonabadi. (around 1120 AH) | # Sharh Tibb al-Rida by mawla Muhammad Sharif al-Khatoonabadi. (around 1120 AH) | ||
| Line 55: | Line 48: | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| {{portal|Shia Islam}} | |||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{reflist| |
{{reflist|30em}} | ||
| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| * {{cite web|url=http://www.rafed.net/books/aam/goldmsg/|title=Al-Risala al-Dahabiyya, known as Tibb al-Imam Rida (a.s)|author=Mohammad Mahdi Najafi|language= |
* {{cite web|url=http://www.rafed.net/books/aam/goldmsg/|title=Al-Risala al-Dahabiyya, known as Tibb al-Imam Rida (a.s)|author=Mohammad Mahdi Najafi|language=ar|website=Rafed.net|access-date=20 June 2014|archive-date=16 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216160402/http://www.rafed.net/books/aam/goldmsg/|url-status=dead}} | ||
| * Fabrizio Speziale, “”. ''Luqman. Annales des Presses Universitaires d'Iran'', vol. XX, n. 2 (40), 2004 (2005), pp. 7-34, . | |||
| * Fabrizio Speziale - Giorgio Giurini, 2009, '''', Palermo, Officina di Studi Medievali (series ''Machina Philosophorum''). | |||
| {{Shia hadith literature|state=uncollapsed}} | |||
| {{Islamic medicine}} | |||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Risalah al-Dhahabiah}} | |||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| ⚫ | ] | ||
| ] | |||
| ] | ] | ||
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Latest revision as of 08:07, 11 November 2024
Medical dissertation attributed to Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha
| Al-Risalah al-Dhahabiah | |
| Arabic | ٱلرِّسَالَة ٱلذَّهَبِيَّة |
|---|---|
| Romanization | Risālah az-Zahabīyah |
| Literal meaning | The Golden Treatise |
| Part of a series on Shia Islam |
|---|
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| Beliefs and practices |
| Days of remembrance |
| History |
| Branches and sects |
| Ahl al-Kisa |
| Holy women |
 Shia Islam portal |
Al-Risalah al-Dhahabiah (Arabic: ٱلرِّسَالَة ٱلذَّهَبِيَّة, Arabic pronunciation: ['rɪsælætæ 'ðæhæ'biæ]; "The Golden Treatise") is a medical dissertation on health and remedies attributed to Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha (765–818), the eighth Imam of Shia Islam. He wrote this dissertation in accordance with the demand of Ma'mun, the caliph of the time. It is revered as the most precious Islamic literature in the science of medicine, and was entitled "the golden treatise" as Ma'mun had ordered it written in gold ink. The chain of narrators is said to reach Muhammad ibn Jumhoor or al-Hassan ibn Muhammad al-Nawfali who is described as "highly esteemed and trustworthy" by al-Najjashi.
The treatise of Ali al-Ridha includes scientific branches such as Anatomy, Physiology, Chemistry and Pathology when medical science was still primitive. According to the treatise, one's health is determined by four humors of blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm, the suitable proportion of which maintains the health. The liver plays an important role in producing and maintaining the required proportions in the body. Ali al-Ridha describes the body as a kingdom whose king is the heart while the (blood) vessels, the limbs, and the brain are the laborers. The issue of the authorship and the transmission of the text has been critically analysed in the studies by Speziale (2004) and Speziale - Giurini (2009).
Author
Main article: Ali al-RidhaThe treatise is authored by Ali al-Ridha who was the seventh descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the eighth of the Twelve Imams. His given name was 'Alī ibn Mūsā ibn Ja'far. He was born in the house of Imam Musa al-Kadhim (the seventh Imam of Twelver Shia Islam) in Medina on the eleventh of Dhu al-Qi'dah, 148 AH (December 29, 765 CE). Ali al-Ridha was summoned to Khurasan and reluctantly accepted the role of successor to Ma'mun that was forced on him. He did not outlive Ma'mun, having been given poisoned grapes by him while accompanying him in Persia, and died at Tus on May 26, 818. Ali al-Ridha is buried within Imam Ridha Mosque, in Mashhad, Iran.
Background
The Ma'mun's palace was a center for philosophical and scientific researches in which many scientific seminars were held. One of the mentioned seminars was on man's body which included the greatest scholars and leaders. Ali al-Ridha, Ma'mun, Gabriel b. Bakhtishu (the physician), Masawaiyh (the physician) and Salih ibn Salhama (the Indian philosopher) were some participants of that medical seminar. The participants were involved in a lengthy discussion about the body makeup and various types of foods, while Ali al-Ridha kept silent. Afterwards, Ma'mun asked him to demonstrate his knowledge of physiology and nutrition and Imam replied:
I have of it knowledge of what I have personally tested and came to know about its accuracy by experience and by the passage of time in addition to what I was told by my ancestors of what no body afford to be ignorant of, nor excused for leaving it. I shall compile it with an equal portion of what everyone should know.
Soon after that, Ma'mun departed for Balkh, and wrote to Imam asking him to fulfill his promise and write a treatise on the body and its health, hence Imam authored "The Golden Treatise" at the request of Ma'mun.
Contents
The dissertation of Ali al-Ridha includes scientific branches such as Anatomy, Physiology, Chemistry and Pathology when medical science was still primitive. it begins as follows:
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Know, when Allah tries a servant with a disease, he appoints for him a medicine in order to cure himself with it, and for every kind of disease there is a kind of medicine, conduct, and prescription.
Ali al-Ridha writes in his treatise that one's health is in accordance with the balance of phlegm, yellow bile, blood and black bile; an individual becomes sick when this proportion is unbalanced. Nutrition and traditional medicine may be used to cure imbalances. The liver plays an important role in producing and maintaining the required proportions in the body.
Ali al-Ridha describes the body as a kingdom whose king is the heart while the (blood) vessels, the limbs, and the brain are workers. He then continues as such:
The house of the king is his heart; the body is his land; his hands, his legs, eyes, lips, tongues, and his ears are the helpers; his storekeepers are his stomach; and his chamberlain is his chest. Therefore, the hands are two helpers which bring (things) near, take (them) away, and work as the king reveals to them. The legs are king's vehicle and carry him wherever he likes. The eyes lead the king to that which disappears from him
Imam al-Rida names the main organs of the human body as the heart, the nerves, the brain, the hands and the Legs the ear and the eye. He discusses their characteristics and functions in detail. Regarding the human body containing systems and cells he said:
Do you think that you are a small body, while the greatest world has folded itself in you.
In another part of the treatise, he discusses what kind of foods are suitable according to season, time of the day and the age of an individual. He says:
eat cold (foods) in summer, hot (foods) in winter, and moderate (foods) in the two seasons according to your strength and appetite; and start with the lightest food on which your body feed according to your material, your ability, your activity, and your time in which you must have food every eight hours or three meals every two days...
In other parts, he discusses body disease, months and seasons of the year.
Reception
Ali ibn Musa al-Rida sent his dissertation to Ma'mun who was very pleased to receive it and showed his great interest by ordering that the treatise be written down in gold ink, hence it came to be known as the "Gold Treatise". Ma'mun praised it and said:
I have reviewed the dissertation of my learned cousin, the loved and virtuous one, the logical physician, which deals with the betterment of the body, the conduct of bathing, the balance of nutrition, and I found it very well organized and one of the best blessings. I carefully studied it, reviewed and contemplated upon it, till its wisdom manifested itself to me, and its benefits became obvious, and it found its place in my heart, so I learned it by heart and I understood it by my mind, for I found it to be a most precious item to post, a great treasure, and a most useful item, so I ordered it to be written in gold due to its being precious, and I deposited it at the depository of wisdom after I had it copied down by the descendants of Hashim, the youths of the nation. Bodies become healthy by balanced diets, and life becomes possible by overcoming disease, and through life wisdom is achieved, and through wisdom Paradise is won, and it is worthy of being safeguarded and treasured, and an object of value and esteem and a reliable physician and a counselor to refer to and a substance of knowledge in its injunctions and prohibitions. Because it came out of the house of those who derive their knowledge from the knowledge of the Chosen One (S), the missive of the prophets, the proofs of successors to the prophets, the manners of scholars, the cure to the hearts and the sick from among the people of ignorance and blindness..., may God be pleased with them, bless and be merciful to them, the first of them and the last, the young and the old, I showed it to the elite among my closest train who are known for their wisdom, knowledge of medicine, authors of books, those who are counted among the people of knowledge and described with wisdom, and each one of them lauded it and thought highly of it, elevated it with esteem and appreciated it in order to be fair to its author, submitting to him, believing in the wisdom he included therein.
Commentaries on the treatise
Various commentaries have been written on this dissertation some of which are as follows:
- Tarjamat al-Alawi lil Tibb al-Radawi by Sayyid Diaud-Din Abul-Rida Fadlallah ibn Ali al-Rawandi (548 AH)
- Tarjamat al-Dhahabiyya by mawla Faydallah 'Usarah al-Shushtari
- Tarjamat al-Dhahabiyya by Muhammad Baqir Majlisi. (Available at the private library of the late Sayyid Hassan al-Sadr, Kazimiyya, Iraq)
- Afiyat al-Bariyya fi Sharh al-Dhahabiyya by Mirza Muhammad Hadi son of Mirza Muhammad Salih al-Shirazi
- Sharh Tibb al-Rida by mawla Muhammad Sharif al-Khatoonabadi. (around 1120 AH)
- Tarjamat al-Dhahabiyya by Sayyid Shamsud-Din Muhammad ibn Muhammad Badi' al-Radawi al-Mashhadi.
- Sharh Tibb al-Rida by mawla Nawrooz Ali al-Bastami.
See also
References
- ^ Muhammad Jawad Fadlallah (27 September 2012). Imam ar-Ridha', A Historical and Biographical Research. Yasin T. Al-Jibouri. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ W. Madelung (1 August 2011). "ALĪ AL-REŻĀ, the eighth Imam of the Emāmī Shiʿites". Iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
- ^ Derakhshan, Mahdi (July 1362). "al-Risalah al-Dhahabiah (in medicine) attributed to Hazrat Reza (a.s)". Literature and Human Science Department of Tehran University. 101–104 (25): 87–112. Retrieved 27 June 2014.
- ^ Tabatabaei, Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn (1975). Shi'ite Islam. Translated by Sayyid Hossein Nasr. State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-87395-390-8.
- Chittick, William C. (1980). A Shi'ite Anthology. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-87395-510-2.
- Dungersi, Mohammed Raza (1996). A Brief Biography of Imam Ali bin Musa (a.s.): al-Ridha. Bilal Muslim Mission of Tanzania. pp. 34–. ISBN 978-9976-956-94-8.
- ^ al-Qarashi, Ba`qir Sharïf. The life of Ima'm 'Ali Bin Mu'sa' al-Rida. Ja`sim al-Rasheed. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2014-07-08.
- Staff writers. Tebbol Reza, Medicine and hygiene from Imam Ali ibn Mousa al-Ridha (PDF). Isfahan: Ghaemieh Isfahan research center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-11.
- A'yan al-Shi'a. Vol. 4. pp. 2, 143 and 144.
External links
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafi. "Al-Risala al-Dahabiyya, known as Tibb al-Imam Rida (a.s)". Rafed.net (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 16 December 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
- Fabrizio Speziale, “La Risāla al-dahabiyya, traité médical attribué à l'imām ‘Alī al-Riżā’”. Luqman. Annales des Presses Universitaires d'Iran, vol. XX, n. 2 (40), 2004 (2005), pp. 7-34, .
- Fabrizio Speziale - Giorgio Giurini, 2009, Il Trattato aureo sulla medicina attribuito a l’imām ‘Alī al-Riḍā, Palermo, Officina di Studi Medievali (series Machina Philosophorum).