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==Important points==
After years of neglectence on Misplaced Pages I have made a long research and created this article I hope it will not be ruined like the others. So that is why I want to list some points.


== Matthew Gibney work on muslim forced migration ==
1. Present article is not perfect it should be expanded and improved.


This article uses Matthew Gibney work with the reference "Immigration and asylum : from 1900 to the present : Gibney, Matthew J : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive" but if you read it you will see he is not talking only about the ottoman empire but also about russia, india, pakistan up until 1947. Therefore saying Matthew Gibney said millions died during the exchange is false information and an exageration. ] (]) 09:19, 1 February 2024 (UTC)
2. No nationalist users should be allowed to edit on this page or to make pointless discussions.


:I will delete it since it has nothing to do here and can only lead to mistake while bringing nothing but approximations. ] (]) 09:24, 1 February 2024 (UTC)
3. Neutral, not related ethnicity and non partisan users should edit this article in good faith.


== Crimes against humanity category removal ==
4. This is the article of Muslim suffering so no other info about others suffering should be added. In no Greek or Armenian article are mentions of killed Muslims, they all have their own and this is the Muslim one.


] is a specific legal concept. In order to be included in the category, the event (s) must have been prosecuted as a crime against humanity, or at a bare minimum be described as such by most reliable sources. Most of the articles that were formerly in this category did not mention crimes against humanity at all, and the inclusion of the category was purely original research. ] (]) 07:49, 14 February 2024 (UTC)
5. Good admins and the community should work together to protect this article, protection is needed.
<!-- Message sent by User:Buidhe@enwiki using the list at https://en.wikipedia.org/search/?title=User:Buidhe/messages&oldid=1207219674 -->
:Then Greek and Armenian genocides was not crimes against humanity too. ] (]) 17:11, 8 June 2024 (UTC)


== The term persecution is inaccurate and fails to reflect the severity of events ==
I hope that this article is not going to be ruined, thanks. ] (]) 16:07, 28 February 2014 (UTC)
:Thanks and congrats for the article. Although you have a number of sources you have cited only one in the article. Maybe you should use more inline citations. I hope to read more of your articles and your user page. Cheers. ] (]) 12:11, 1 March 2014 (UTC)
::If you ''ruined'' ] why would you expect yours not to be destroyed? "Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you." Take care. --] (]) 07:56, 3 March 2014 (UTC)


the same page when translated to Turkish refers to the persecution which took place as massacres (within the context of a genocide) and such a title should be also reflected upon the English version of the page as to respect Misplaced Pages’s commitment of being non partisan. Whereas the current title raises severe questions regarding said commitment. Furthermore despite extensive covering of violence perpetrated against Armenians and Greeks Misplaced Pages fails to show even a fraction of the commitment and care for these events upon the what does qualify as genocide against the Muslim population of the balkans, despite the number of fatalities being according to some accounts more than double those of the Armenians and Greeks combined.Glossing over and even outright failing to mention massacres which took place such as the massacre of Muslims and Jews when Thessaloniki was taken by Greek forces or the war crimes committed against captured pows such as when pows had crosses scored across their foreheads by Bulgarian forces or even the massacres of Muslims upon the island of Crete which had a high Muslims population. presents itself as a quite frankly disgusting and dishonest representation of history and feeds into nationalist narratives that massacres against Muslims and Jewish populations were limited and ignores the reality of events. The state of this Misplaced Pages article especially when the violence perpetrated against Greeks and Armenians is so extensively covered is shameful and may raise questions regarding antisemitism and Islamophobia within the ranks of Misplaced Pages editors. This article is in need of urgent attention and needs at least the same attention which pages upon the killings of other ethnic groups as it will provide much needed prelude and context into the actions of the committee of union and progress aswell as addressing the realities of history. ] (]) 19:34, 13 March 2024 (UTC)
== Merge? ==
] was created before this article and should be probably merged into it. Anybody against it?--] (]) 15:41, 2 March 2014 (UTC) :And why do you think that killings are not part of ]? ] (]) 23:49, 13 March 2024 (UTC)
::Then by that logic the Armenian and Greek genocide articles should be retitled to the persecution of ottoman greeks/ Armenians. I hope you do understand that my only complaint isn’t about the title of said article however it does at least in part serve to tone down the severity of the events which took place ] (]) 23:58, 13 March 2024 (UTC)
:"Massacres against Muslims during the Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire" was created last week and both articles can be considered to be created concurrently. But the scope of this article is wider and it almost includes everything the other article has except for citing some Balkan Muslims and an opinion on McCarthy's impartiality. Thus if merged (not essential) this article should be kept and two sentences from the other article can be carried here. Of course the editor of the other article (User:DanielDemaret) has to be persuaded. ] (]) 19:32, 2 March 2014 (UTC)
::Then by that logic the Armenian and Greek genocide articles should be retitled to the persecution of ottoman greeks/ Armenians. I hope you do understand that my only complaint isn’t about the title of said article however it does at least in part serve to tone down the severity of the events which took place ] (]) 23:58, 13 March 2024 (UTC)
:'''Support merge''' - Agree with Nedim on his points as well; the other article's title is also extremely clumsy. ] (]) 06:57, 3 March 2014 (UTC)
:'''Support merge''' - This is user:DanielDemaret. No need to persuade me. Thank you for helping. I was despairing over the article I started, really. ] (]) 10:32, 3 March 2014 (UTC) ::The fact that yourself and other Misplaced Pages moderators have failed to address such concerns nor engage with me in a proper manner really speaks for itself ] (]) 21:02, 18 March 2024 (UTC)
:: I would suggest to redirect the other article towards this. The other article has almost no content and this one has a better title. There were not only massacres but also mass population movements. ] (]) 14:59, 3 March 2014 (UTC)
::: Yes, that is right. I will perform merger shortly and redirect the other article here.--] (]) 15:54, 3 March 2014 (UTC)
:::: '''Support merge''' - I agree with this. Much of the information between these two articles are identical. I also have a hard time trying to find a definitive understanding of when the "Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire" began. I do feel that this is a topic that many Ottoman and Middle-Eastern historians tend to have disagreements over. I think this needs to be highlighted in this page. ] (]) 08:06, 4 March 2014 (UTC)


== Please may someone change the death toll back to how it was before ==
== POV in the Turkish-Armenian war section ==


literally every other language version of this page does not state the death toll is “up to 2 million” even in the section regarding casualties it states that it is not that low. Furthermore the edit of “up to 2 million” was made in response to someone changing the death toll to 5.5 million rather than up to 5.5 million. Such an edit of two million was made by a Misplaced Pages account titled “neo wikipedist” and referred to the edit as “some muslimz” and furthermore went into use the skull emoji. I heavily advise that someone change the death toll to what it previously once was ] (]) 01:42, 26 April 2024 (UTC)
I find this section in particular leaning towards the POV side. Unsourced claims of:
#"During these times persecution of Muslims increased."
#"During an Armenian revolt in Van most of the Muslims were killed..."
#"Armenians committed large scale atrocities..."
#"In the same time Armenian atrocities took place against the Muslims of Armenia proper..." ] (]) 08:03, 4 March 2014 (UTC)


== Death toll and casualty figures: ==
== Documents ==


The following is a translated extract from the Arabic version of the same page:
There are so many Ottoman documents on atrocities committed on Muslims (Turks and Kurds) by Armenians transliterated to Latin letters. Like and . They are two official Ottoman writs on Muslims killed, tortured, raped and abducted by Armenians in the villages of Van, dated 4 and 15 March 1915 respectively. In other words, more than one month before the legislation on the displacement of Ottoman Armenians was adopted and of course even more before the exodus, or ''tehcir'' began. There are, I am sure (because I have seen them using sources in Turkish in Misplaced Pages) among your Armenian editors who understand very well these texts. They could translate you some information from these pages; some of the scenes are too horrific for me to do so. --] (]) 08:34, 5 March 2014 (UTC)
Michael Mann stated in the 1914 Carnegie Foundation report that those acts were described as widespread murderous ethnic cleansing unprecedented in Europe.It is estimated that 4.4 million Muslims lived in the Ottoman-controlled areas of the Balkans at the turn of the 20th century.According to Maria Todorova, more than a million Muslims left the Balkans in the last 30 years of the 19th century.Between 1912 and 1926 nearly 2.9 million Muslims were killed or forced to immigrate to Turkey.It is estimated that 2.5 million Muslims died in Anatolia during World War I and the Turkish War of Independence. ] (]) 01:44, 26 April 2024 (UTC)


:Those figure makes no sense. Michael Mann did not write the 1914 Carnegie Foundation report, he wrote "The Dark Side of Democracy Explaining Ethnic Cleansing" (2005), he acknowledges the bad source but uses it. The only source used in the article for the death toll of the whole period is McCarthy who as you can read denies the Armenian genocide and probably exaggerated:
==Dirsuptive reverts==
:"Justin McCarthy is an apologist for the Turkish state and supports the official version of history, which denies the Armenian genocide. He thus might have exaggerated the number of Muslim victims in the Balkans in order to underplay the number of Armenian victims in Anatolia. However, Michael Mann argues that, even if these numbers were reduced by 50%, the number of Muslim victims in the Balkan “would still horrify”."-A Companion to the Anthropology of the Middle East (2015) Edited By Soraya Altorki (The Chapter is Rethinking the “Post‐Ottoman”: Anatolian Armenians as an Ethnographic Perspective By Hakem Al‐Rustom.), page 474.
I wonder what's the meaning was this unexplained revert ]. In case no decent explanation is given (multiple wp:or issues, wp:pov lead image, massive removals of sourced content & unencyclopedic pov descriptions lacking references) someone can easily assume that this equals ].] (]) 21:11, 7 March 2014 (UTC)
:"] and ] estimate that during the last decade of the Ottoman Empire (1912–1922) when the Balkan Wars, the First World War and the War of Independence took place in areas later to become part of Turkey "Total casualties, military and civilian, of Muslims during this decade are estimated as close to two million. The historian ] estimates that from 1878 to 1912 up to two million Muslims left the Balkans either voluntarily or involuntarily, and when adding Muslims casualties in the Balkans in 1912 and 1923 within the context of those killed or expelled the total figure far exceeded some three million."
:In fact these two sources are problematic as the first source includes military as well as civilian casualties and indeed includes casualties not just deaths in addition to it's exclusive focus on Anatolia, future Turkish territory (This source is especially problematic as it is not clear that all of the deaths in these casualties are murders (I include death induced by deportation and the like.) or death by disease and starvation and the like which may be the case as the blockade of Germany and Austria-Hungary was very effective for example. Furthermore it is unclear who murdered them. In the subsequent figures I just assume all deaths are murders by non-muslim forces.). Assuming more civilian casualties resulted then 1,500,000 civilian casualties and assuming more wounded than death then perhaps between 675,000 and 700,000. The second has exclusive focus on the Balkans and the three million figure includes the two million voluntarily or otherwise leaving and of course includes those expelled between 1912 and 1923. If you use your brain then the figure between 1912 and 1923 would be around 1,300,000. Again not all of these were killed (I cannot evaluate how many.) and on the assumption that more people are expelled than killed then 600,000-650,000 would appropriate. Thus the appropriate figure between 1912 and 1923 is between 1,275,000 and 1,350,000.
:In the fair assumption that McCarthy is exaggerating then take 75% (Much more than Mann's proposal.) of the 5,000,000 figure which gives 3,750,000. Subtract the 1912-1923 figures and you get between 2,400,000 and 2,475,000. That is between 1821 and 1923 between 2,400,000 and 2,475,000 muslims were murdered.
:If you take Mann's proposal of 50% of 5,000.000 it results in 2,500,000. Subtract the 1912-1923 figures and you get between 1,115,000 and 1,225,000. That is between 1821 and 1923 between 1,115,000 and 1,225,000 were murdered.
:As a conclusion then people really need to properly read the sources. It is full of exaggeration and arguably downplaying or denying Christian genocides and massacres. For example, muslim society may have been incensed against Armenians because of the Balkan Wars but Armenians were being massacred for decades by this point (See Hamidian massacres (1894-1896).) and that model of governance was promoted since the 1690s (See War, State and the Privatisation of Violence in the Ottoman Empire (2020) By Tolga U. Esmer.). This is not at all to condone any of this however the article seems more than a bit myopic. ] (]) 20:13, 4 October 2024 (UTC)
::I want to amend my statements. "That is between 1821 and 1923 between 2,400,000 and 2,475,000 muslims were murdered." should be That is between 1821 and 1912 between 2,400,000 and 2,475,000 muslims were murdered.
::"That is between 1821 and 1923 between 1,115,000 and 1,225,000 were murdered." should be That is between 1821 and 1912 between 1,115,000 and 1,225,000 were murdered. ] (]) 20:31, 4 October 2024 (UTC)
::The blockade parts must be mentioned if you have a source for it. ] (]) 06:00, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
:::Sorry, I misunderstood your comment I thought you were asking me to prove a blockade was in place which I thought was a bit absurd. There was a blockade and I would recommend this article: ( ] ). Although it is '''NOT''' accepted as a genocide by any government, it is being pushed for as the ottoman government was directing grain shipments away from the people. Lebanon was the most affected of course but I would not be surprised if it affected Anatolia given the starvation levels amongst all the Central Powers. It is odd that no-one seems to mention it when half of the Pre-War Maronite population was decimated during the War. ] (]) 16:39, 12 December 2024 (UTC)


Discussion clearly dead and going nowhere, I suppose the article is ok and should be left alone as it is
Although editors have been invited to participate, the page is still subject to vandalism ] (massive removals with wrong edit summaries), perhaps another - more straight - way is needed to settle this.] (]) 11:43, 8 March 2014 (UTC)


=== Arbitrary break ===
To sum up, I don't see a reason to remove sources such as this one ] and this ]. Morevoer Cn taggs have been added in various parts where ref is needed and the pov tag needs to stay until the pov issues (pov claims included in the unreferenced parts) are addressed.] (]) 12:21, 9 March 2014 (UTC)


Casualties mean deaths. Biondich talks about how he arrived at that number, not that casualties include those that are expelled. Biondich’s numbers also have a more limited time frame. Owen's book also have a more limited time frame. It says "during this decade". Kaser's numbers are from 1820 to 1920. I'm restoring the previous version. ] (]) 11:05, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
Also, the lede map, needs to be verified. Off course ''if'' McCarthy, who is highly unreliable, is indeed the only source this needs to go.] (]) 12:27, 9 March 2014 (UTC)


:Per this unexplained edit summary ] (now claims that the Oxford University Press is an unreliable source, ybut yet refuses to comment here) editor leaves me no choice but to report his long term dirsuption.] (]) 11:47, 12 March 2014 (UTC) :{{u|Theofunny}}, you have cited an entire book for the sentence you added: {{tq|However, others have accused McCarthy of exaggerating the number of Muslim victims in the Balkans.}} Can you provide a page number for this claim? ] (]) 11:18, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
::"Justin McCarthy is an apologist for the Turkish state and supports the official version of history, which denies the Armenian genocide. He thus might have exaggerated the number of Muslim victims in the Balkans in order to underplay the number of Armenian victims in Anatolia. However, Michael Mann argues that, even if these numbers were reduced by 50%, the number of Muslim victims in the Balkan “would still horrify” (Mann 2005: 113). I advocate the centrality of juxtaposing the ethnic cleansing of Balkan Muslims with the Armenian genocide as an intertwined history of the two victim populations; the occurrence of one should be taken as denying the other." Page 474, by Hakem Al Rustom ] (]) 11:57, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
::I read this source a long time back and didn't exactly remember the page, but it was shoddy work from me. ] (]) 11:58, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
:::As the quote you added shows, there's no evidence of exaggeration. It's the speculation of Hakem Al Rustom. ] (]) 13:31, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
:"In the period between 1878 and 1912, as many as two million Muslims emigrated voluntarily or involuntarily from the Balkans. When one adds those who were killed or expelled between 1912 and 1923, the number of Muslim casualties from the Balkan far exceeds three million. By 1923 fewer than one million remained in the Balkans."
:I now realize now that Owen's book had a more limited time frame and should not be included but why would Mark Biondich add those "killed or expelled" to those Muslims who emigrated to mean deaths. As I see it from a neutral viewpoint, he refers to the reduction of Balkan Muslims as "casualties from the Balkans".
:And the estimate of deaths should be up to 5 million not around 5 million as the research has been very limited in this area. ] (]) 11:20, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
::Casualties mean deaths. The way I read it, he talks about how he calculated that number. If you have any further doubts, you can ask it in: ] or ]. You can give the source and the quote from the source, and ask what they think.
::Kaser says: "estimations speak about 5 million casualties and the same number of displaced persons"
::about 5 million is reworded as around 5 million. "Up to" would be ]. ] (]) 11:27, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
:::Upto because McCarthy is an unreliable source and Kaser most probably takes the estimates from McCarthy. In my view, it should up Upto 5.5 not only 5. ] (]) 11:59, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
::::Please see ]. Misplaced Pages is edited by looking at reliable sources, not by assumptions or views of editors. ] (]) 12:03, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
:::::I do know that, but different editors will interpret the same give text differently which is what I meant by my view. ] (]) 12:08, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
::::::This is why I suggested ]. You can also try ]. Since you are a new editor, you can also get advice at ]. ] (]) 12:13, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
:::::::I have submitted the topic at Teahouse and thanks for your advice. ] (]) 12:16, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
:::If it meant deaths he would indicate it was deaths. I think it is a stretch to make that claim. ] (]) 16:48, 12 December 2024 (UTC)
::Someone else has mentioned that the figure often includes dead and missing (Not necessarily the same thing. It however does make one question the results if the margin of error can be as high as 400,000.). The 5,000,000 figure is wrong for deaths at least. It is also rather hard to believe that an equal amount were killed or fled (I guess it is possible.). ] (]) 16:43, 12 December 2024 (UTC)
{{od}}
For further clarification, see: ]


When giving or contesting number of dead or displaced, be careful about dates and regions. Whether it's Balkans only or includes other areas. Whether from 1820 to 1920, or 1878 to 1912, or 1912 to 1923. ] (]) 15:31, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
=== Bangyulol obvious pov pushing ===


:{{u|Theofunny}}, the 2 million number you added into the infobox from Owen and Pamuk is about 1912 to 1922 and in areas in modern-day Turkey. ] (]) 15:48, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
Dear Alexikoua and other readers, I (Bangyulol) am very sorry but I find this edit summary very impolite "Bangyulol obvious pov pushing" as you may have realized that I was not the one who removed the "McCarthy is unreliable" and "in total 35 victims were reported" sentence. Neither was I obviously pushing pov or removing something. Also I sadly saw that Alexikoua did not correct this when he asked for page protection, I hope this behavior will not continue it is very unconstructive.
::I already wrote in the talk that after you pointed out, I realized that it was incorrect. ] (]) 15:50, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
:::Oh I see it now, thanks.
:::I think the issues are resolved now with respect to current wording and info in the article?
:::The number of displaced etc can be added later. ] (]) 15:55, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
::::But should it upto or about 5 million now since Mark Biondich claims otherwise? ] (]) 16:26, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
:::::Mark Biondich does not have a claim about deaths, covering around 1820 to 1920 period. Or if he does, please provide the source. Include the page number and quote please. ] (]) 16:30, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
::::::He has for deaths and displacement combined from 1878 to 1923.
::::::Biondich gives same numbers and sources in
::::::
:::::: chapter
::::::
::::::, page 1:
::::::<blockquote>The road from Berlin to Lausanne was littered with millions of casualties. Between 1878 and 1912, millions of Balkan Muslims emigrated or were forced from the region. When one adds up those who were killed or expelled between the Balkan Wars (1912–13) and Greco-Turkish War (1919–22), the number of Balkan-Muslim casualties may have exceeded three million. By 1923, fewer than one million Muslims remained in the Balkans</blockquote>
::::::] (]) 16:36, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
:::::::You can ask it in ].
:::::::The difference is due to different time periods and/or geographic regions. 5 million includes ] and ].
:::::::Biondich also doesn't give a specific number for only deaths. ] (]) 16:44, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
::::::::Ohh, then I see it now. It doesn't include Circassia too. ] (]) 16:46, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
:::::::::You can use it as an additional assessment for the period in question. People use Misplaced Pages as if the conclusion is everything but go ahead and source it for the Wars in question. ] (]) 16:45, 12 December 2024 (UTC)
::::::::{{s|To add to this discussion, I feel that McCarthy’s figures deserve a place in the infobox now, see here;
::::::::Death and Exile: The Ethnic Cleansing of Ottoman Muslims, 1821-1922 is a book that has gone through extensive evaluation by scholarship and by all means successfully passed the peer review process. Historian Dennis P. Hupchick generally left a positive review of the book, stating: 'the statistical data appear generally valid. McCarthy succeeds in providing factual material for bringing the European historiography of the later Ottoman Empire into more objective balance.'
::::::::Historian Michael Robert Hickock too had an overall positive view of Death and Exile despite him criticizing specific aspects of the book, particularly regarding the proving of governmental intent for the massacres that occurred. However, he agrees McCarthy undeniably proved the existence of extensive Muslim suffering in this period: 'Professor McCarthy does an excellent service to both the general reader and the scholars of the region with this survey of human suffering... Although he succeeds in recounting the plight of Muslim communities, he is less successful at demonstrating state policy or proving intent... The question of intent underlies the book's biggest flaw.”
::::::::Bulgarian Historian Georgi Zelengora accepts the book as academically reliable and cites it in his own works; he had this to say about various Bulgarian groups who criticized Death and Exile: Translated: 'Justin McCarthy's “Death and Exile”, in which Bulgarian readers learned about the crimes committed against Muslims by their homeland for the first time, has been translated into Bulgarian in 2010. Patriotic organizations have declared the book anti-Bulgarian. Semi-educated journalists and third grade politicians started disputing the author's professionalism, showing they have zero knowledge on the topic of demographics.'
::::::::Historian Kemal Karpat, in his review of the book, wrote: 'This is the first well-documented and comprehensive Western account of the treatment of Ottoman Muslims from the 1820s to 1919-1922. The scope of the book, its vast documentation, and the author's efforts to remain objective and impartial in analyzing little known events that most other Western scholars have ignored are praiseworthy.'
::::::::Historian Robert Olson praised the work as well, saying: 'Justin McCarthy's solid demographic work contributes to achieving a better balance and understanding that he so ardently desires for the history of these regions and peoples.'
::::::::Historian Donald W. Bleacher, who is a critic of McCarthy's stance on the Armenian Genocide, still praised Death and Exile as a high-quality work of historiography: 'Justin McCarthy has, along with other historians, provided a necessary corrective to much of the history produced by scholars of the Armenian genocide in the United States. McCarthy demonstrates that not all of the ethnic cleansing and ethnic killing in the Ottoman Empire in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries followed the model often posited in the West, whereby all the victims were Christian and all the perpetrators were Muslim. McCarthy has shown that there were mass killings of Muslims and deportations of millions of Muslims from the Balkans and the Caucasus over the course of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.'
::::::::Historian Veselin Angelov not only praised Death and Exile but defended Justin McCarthy against critics in general.Translated(sentences might be out of order as I copied them from his interview one by one): 'I find Justin McCarthy's book valuable because it gives a different look at historical events in which there is a lot of mythology and political partisanship. It overturns long-held myths about the last 100 years of the history of the Ottoman Empire... The book is supported by quite solid and irrefutable scientific evidence... Even his critics admit that McCarthy refers to solid sources previously neglected mostly in the Christian West... In all probability, reading Justin McCarthy's book, the majority of Bulgarians will be amazed, horrified and want to throw it away. They will think that it is the product of a huge falsification and a tool of manipulation of Turkish historiography and propaganda. They will not believe anything written in it, with the idea that it is one-sided... I would advise against jumping to conclusions. There are quite a few readers of the English edition, for example, who think that McCarthy is not a "Turkish cannon", but presents a fair story. It helps to correct the injustice committed in the interpretation of history... The reaction in some Internet forums does not surprise me. And from people who haven't read the book. I predict that with the appearance of the book, denials and incantations will multiply. These people, among them politicians, are laymen in historical knowledge, they do not understand that this is a scientific work... many historians consider him an extremely pro-Turkish American researcher, because many of his theses coincide with the views of the Turkish historiography. For me, his behavior is purely professional. It only states the specific facts. I did not get the impression that he underestimated the Christians within the empire or that he tolerated the Muslims. I have already mentioned that he does not omit data about murders, looting and pogroms of Turks, Kurds, Tatars and Circassians against the Christian population. As he himself says, historical correctness demands recognition. And he admits that the Christians have also suffered a great deal. A significant part of his book is devoted to the sufferings of Christians... They label him a "genocide denier", an "agent of the Turkish government" and a "revisionist". In most cases, the attacks against him are not supported by serious scientific arguments. However, there are historians who are positive about the results of McCarthy's scientific pursuits.' ] (]) 22:17, 13 December 2024 (UTC)}} {{small|]{{snd}}] (]) 17:22, 22 December 2024 (UTC)}}


== Picture of dead "civilians" ==
However after Alexikoua added the sentence " However, only 35 victims were reported in total" I did add the missing rest of the sentence. That 35 victims were reported out of "177 refugees" as without the full citation it could lead to wrong conclusions.


Please, explain what exactly "civilians" were doing at Ayvaz Baba fort during the siege of Edirne. This is a massive manipulation!!! ] (]) 03:05, 9 December 2024 (UTC)
Thanks, bye. ] (]) 15:55, 14 March 2014 (UTC)


:Civilians can be in forts. ] (]) 23:10, 11 December 2024 (UTC)
:(ignore trolling). Unfortunately personal opinion doesn't count here. By the way the above dif you point ] equals disruption, since a sourced part of the article was removed without the slightest explanation in order to present MacCarthy's view as a neutral one (i.e. pov pushing per edit summary).] (]) 19:49, 14 March 2014 (UTC)
::The siege of Edirne lasted 5 months and the defence was breached at Ayvaz baba. Do you think Shukri pasha sent civilians to defend the fort? Or did the Bulgarians kill civilians in the city, but then dragged the bodies in front of the fort to take a picture? ] (]) 08:54, 12 December 2024 (UTC)
:{{s|Civilians can’t be in besieged fortress cities? ] (]) 22:20, 13 December 2024 (UTC)}} {{small|]{{snd}}] (]) 17:22, 22 December 2024 (UTC)}}


{{od}}
::According to this ], I'll focus on Gingeras' work (it has been also strangely removed as non-rs by Ithincan ], without explanation too):
There is nothing supporting the claim that these were civilians, besides the {{em|arbitrary}} title chosen by the user who uploaded the image in Commons back in 2013, and the repetition of that claim in the respective caption that was added by some editors relatively recently. We don't even know if it depicts Muslims; we assume it does (same can be said for other details; such as the location and the date). In short, there is lack of ]. In any case, why should we give more prominence to a single group of persecutors (the Bulgarians in this case)? Frankly, I don't think an image is needed in the infobox. ] (]) 17:29, 22 December 2024 (UTC)


:Based on what I could find, the description is accurate because it's given the same name on Alamy as a stock photo . ] (]) 21:30, 30 December 2024 (UTC)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Source] !! Alexikoua's first version !!Banyulol's version]!! Alexikoua's second version]!!
|-
| "Statements gathered by Ottoman officials reveal, somewhat strangely, a fairly low number of casualties in this campaign of destruction. Of the 177 people responding, only twenty-eight individuals responded that they had family member harmed during the Greek occupation. In total '''only''' thirty-five were reported to have been killed, wounded, beaten, or missing. This is in line with the observations of Arnold Toynbee, who declared that one to two murders were sufficient to drive away the population of a village." ||However, only 35 victims were reported in total. ||An Ottoman enquiry to which '''only''' 177 survivors responded, stated that they had only 35 victims in total. || However, statements gathered by Ottoman official, reveal a relatevely low number of causalties: based on the Ottoman enquiry to which 177 survivors responded, '''only''' 35 were reported as killed, wounded or beaten or missing. This is also in accordance with Toynbee's accounts.
|}


::Happy New Year, and thanks for attempting to look into this. However, the fact that Alamy has the same photograph with an identical title indicates that they both have the same source. In Commons the file was uploaded on 21 March 2013 by ]; while in Alamy it presents 22 September 2010 as "date taken", which {{em|seemingly}} precedes the uploading of the aforementioned file in Commons. Now, I do not know if the date of 22 September 2010 is supposed to indicate the date that the respective file was uploaded in Alamy, or whether it was arbitrarily chosen by Alamy contributors "Gibson Green" ({{Plain link|url=https://www.alamy.com/bulgarian-soldiers-with-dead-turkish-civilians-edirne-image222239814.html here}}) and "The History Collection" ({{Plain link|url=https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-bulgarian-soldiers-with-dead-turkish-civilians-edirne-139475285.html here}}), who both offer licenses for what is essentially the same file. Based on the aforementioned, I only see two possibilities. Either User:Thirdclass copied the image (and by extension the title) from Alamy, which would make the file eligible for ]; or, Alamy contributors "Gibson Green" and "The History Collection" copied the image (and by extension the title) from Commons, per what is explained in the interesting essay ]. In either case, we are still left with a lack of ]; in short, people should be able to check that all the information presented comes from a ]. Neither User:Thirdclass, nor Alamy contributors "Gibson Green" and "The History Collection", can be considered reliable sources. In respect to the latter, Alamy states under each file's title that "captions are provided by our contributors", which means that there is no editorial scrutiny as to their validity; see ] and ] noticeboard discussions for some additional input from our community. ] (]) 14:41, 1 January 2025 (UTC)
It seems clear that the author isn't surprised by the low number of the ones that responded to the questionnaire, but by the low number of the casaulties ("only" isn't placed for the 177 survivors in source, but for the 35 victims). Not to mention that this is in aggrement with Toynbee's accounts.] (]) 20:05, 14 March 2014 (UTC)


== Deaths number in the infobox ==
::Dear Alexikoua and other users, I repeat that I (Bangyulol) was not the one who removed the "McCarthy is unreliable" part neither did I remove "total 35 victims". That means I was not "pushing pov" or being disruptive. I find it very impolite of still being blamed of these edits I did not make. Unfortunately it is still not corrected by Alexikoua. Sadly this unconstructive behavior continues with describing my reply as "trolling". The sentences should be correctly cited from their sources. If there is still disagreement between users I suggest they should use ]. Thanks, bye. ] (]) 13:43, 18 March 2014 (UTC)


:::I can't see any alternative proposal so far, apart from commnenting on editors but not on content. The above table makes clear that the word "only" (highlighted) was intentionally put on a wrong position in order to manipulate the meaning.] (]) 14:29, 18 March 2014 (UTC) 5.5 million is in the second source. Are there any issues besides that it was first added by an IP that was a sock? ] (]) 15:35, 2 January 2025 (UTC)


::::Dear readers, I have to disagree again with "to manipulate". The first addition by Alexikoua was incomplete and misleading because it didn't mention that it was based on 177 survivors. I think I have clarified this, please look at the above table. ] (]) 12:58, 20 March 2014 (UTC) :5.5 million is not the death figure. I wrote to someone else and he indicates that it was dead and missing. I do not quite get why he has not changed that because otherwise the book source is contradictory which is not a good sign. ] (]) 19:38, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
::from the source: "Five and one-half million Muslims died" ] (]) 20:18, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
:::"By 1923, “only Anatolia, eastern Thrace, and a section of the southeastern Caucasus remained to the Muslim land. . . . Millions of Muslims, most of them Turks, had died; millions more had fled to what is today Turkey. Between 1821 and 1922, more than five million Muslims were driven from their lands. Five and one-half million Muslims died, some of them killed in wars, others perishing as refugees from starvation and disease” (McCarthy 1995, 1)."
:::I swear none of you read the sources in question. As I expected he is directly quoting Justin McCarthy. Not paraphrasing but in quotation marks. At least change the source to McCarthy. Furthermore there are reasons to object. McCarthy includes between 1914 and 1922 military deaths and his figure does not differentiate between murder and disease/famine. It would be highly improper to put that figure there as if they were all murdered. Furthermore his Balkan Wars (1912-1913) deaths include many missing not dead as he apparently admitted in a later book of his. ] (]) 16:03, 8 January 2025 (UTC)


== Addition of earlier persecution into the infobox ==
:::::Obviously the final version mentions this number, per above table. I'm also not against the new adjustments in this part, which by the way, don't change the meaning.] (]) 15:13, 20 March 2014 (UTC)


Hi there, just as the header of this says, given that the scope of this article mentions the Habsburg and Venetian conquests and persecutions in the 17th-18th centuries, I believe this should also be included in the infobox to a degree at least, so that the infobox better matches the scope of this article. ] (]) 21:43, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
==Reliability of J.Maccarthy==
By doing a quich check in mainstream bibliography it appears that the specific author is the epitomy of pov ("the leading pro-Turkish scholar & genocide denialist"). To name a few examples: ]]]. Off course such 'scholars' can't pass ] and should be treated with high precaution here.] (]) 19:30, 27 March 2014 (UTC)
:I agree that work of this author should be used with high precaution in this article. --] (]) 20:29, 27 March 2014 (UTC)
::This source should be sent to ]. ] (]) 20:29, 2 April 2014 (UTC)
:::Probably would not work. McCarthy is like someone who indulges in unspeakable perversions in secret but lead a highly respectable life in public. McCarthy's career as a genocide denier and professional liar, producing propaganda works for use by the Turkish state, runs parallel to his career as a legitimate academic producing works that are used by and cited by legitimate scholars. ] (]) 00:19, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

==Unexplained rvs==
Per this ] an unlogged user insists that the participants of the ] should be termed 'rebels'. However, per simple English the participants of a revolution should be called same way (revolution->revolutionaries). In case there is a decent argument against this I invite everyone to propose an adjustment in the lead of the correspodent article (i.e. to Greek Revolution -> Greek Rebellion).] (]) 14:11, 1 April 2014 (UTC)

==Abandoned monuments related to persecution==
In general pictures of abandoned monuments/building are not necessary connected with campaigns of persecution or vandalism. A reference is needed here that points that a specific building was damaged as a result of this and not ruined in the course of time due to abandonment.] (]) 17:15, 2 April 2014 (UTC)
:Agreed. If there was any sort of systematic neglect towards this particular mosque, we need to have that source. Otherwise, it is ]. ] (]) 17:38, 2 April 2014 (UTC)
::My feeling is that in a normal, non-propaganda filled article, (which this article currently is not). such photos could be used as a general illustration that certain Muslim communities have vanished from certain areas. And couldbe there even if they were ruined in the course of time due to abandonment. But until this article is brought back from the brink, I think such photos will only be misused if they are there. ] (]) 23:56, 2 April 2014 (UTC)
:::Reading through the article, I wonder if maybe the best thing would be to try to be rid of it. It duplicates much of what is in ] and it probably only exists for genocide denial purposes. ] is as full of it as this article is, but dealing with one failed article is easier than dealing with two. ] (]) 00:12, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

== Appeal ==

Please, do not make unnecessary disputes/edit wars about the smallest dispute possible, mere words or pictures are not worth this. It would be more useful to add content and sources. ] (]) 12:59, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

==Impact on Europe section==
I have added an undue weight tag. The content is single-sourced, contentious, and very one-sided in tone. And very vague - "Massacres and expulsions" of what Christians, and were? "Massacres and expulsions of" what Muslims and where? And what has any alleged knowledge or lack of knowledge by the "Victorian public" about something (undefined) somewhere (undefined) got to do with the subject of this article anyway? The Ottoman empire was a large political unit - so of course news about its particular actions were widely reported and given prominance. The rulers of that "Victorian public" strived to prop up the Ottoman Empire for most of the 19thC, Queen Victoria was an avid supporter of Turkey, agitating for Britain to fight on its behalf in the 1870s (as it had done in the 1850s), and the Treaty of Berlin restored much lost territory to the Ottoman Empire. I already mentioned that I feel the tone and purpose of this article is propagandistic. Part of the wording of this section could be a verbatim quote from typical Turkish genocide denialist propaganda: "atrocities were committed by all sides". And does the existence of this section admit to the creation of a parallel section "Impact on Ottoman empire" that would detail the various massacres, oppressions, and expulsions the Ottoman authorites committed on its Christian subjects to terrorised them into submission lest they take the same route as the Balkan nations and fight and gain their freedom. ] (]) 16:49, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

:Sorry I have to disagree, this sounds like your personal opinion, also Armenian Genocide is linked two times in the article. ] (]) 12:39, 8 April 2014 (UTC)

== Motives for Armenian Genocide ==

Can I add a section highlighting the persecution, deportation and massacres of 19th Century Ottoman-muslims as a significant element in build up of bad blood between Christians and Muslims, that would then subsequent influence the Armenian Genocide? ] (]) 21:11, 3 August 2014 (UTC)

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Matthew Gibney work on muslim forced migration

This article uses Matthew Gibney work with the reference "Immigration and asylum : from 1900 to the present : Gibney, Matthew J : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive" but if you read it you will see he is not talking only about the ottoman empire but also about russia, india, pakistan up until 1947. Therefore saying Matthew Gibney said millions died during the exchange is false information and an exageration. 2A01:E34:EC95:6010:F51D:5425:B996:D233 (talk) 09:19, 1 February 2024 (UTC)

I will delete it since it has nothing to do here and can only lead to mistake while bringing nothing but approximations. 2A01:E34:EC95:6010:F51D:5425:B996:D233 (talk) 09:24, 1 February 2024 (UTC)

Crimes against humanity category removal

Crimes against humanity is a specific legal concept. In order to be included in the category, the event (s) must have been prosecuted as a crime against humanity, or at a bare minimum be described as such by most reliable sources. Most of the articles that were formerly in this category did not mention crimes against humanity at all, and the inclusion of the category was purely original research. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 07:49, 14 February 2024 (UTC)

Then Greek and Armenian genocides was not crimes against humanity too. 37.155.44.152 (talk) 17:11, 8 June 2024 (UTC)

The term persecution is inaccurate and fails to reflect the severity of events

the same page when translated to Turkish refers to the persecution which took place as massacres (within the context of a genocide) and such a title should be also reflected upon the English version of the page as to respect Misplaced Pages’s commitment of being non partisan. Whereas the current title raises severe questions regarding said commitment. Furthermore despite extensive covering of violence perpetrated against Armenians and Greeks Misplaced Pages fails to show even a fraction of the commitment and care for these events upon the what does qualify as genocide against the Muslim population of the balkans, despite the number of fatalities being according to some accounts more than double those of the Armenians and Greeks combined.Glossing over and even outright failing to mention massacres which took place such as the massacre of Muslims and Jews when Thessaloniki was taken by Greek forces or the war crimes committed against captured pows such as when pows had crosses scored across their foreheads by Bulgarian forces or even the massacres of Muslims upon the island of Crete which had a high Muslims population. presents itself as a quite frankly disgusting and dishonest representation of history and feeds into nationalist narratives that massacres against Muslims and Jewish populations were limited and ignores the reality of events. The state of this Misplaced Pages article especially when the violence perpetrated against Greeks and Armenians is so extensively covered is shameful and may raise questions regarding antisemitism and Islamophobia within the ranks of Misplaced Pages editors. This article is in need of urgent attention and needs at least the same attention which pages upon the killings of other ethnic groups as it will provide much needed prelude and context into the actions of the committee of union and progress aswell as addressing the realities of history. 92.40.197.50 (talk) 19:34, 13 March 2024 (UTC)

And why do you think that killings are not part of persecution? Dimadick (talk) 23:49, 13 March 2024 (UTC)
Then by that logic the Armenian and Greek genocide articles should be retitled to the persecution of ottoman greeks/ Armenians. I hope you do understand that my only complaint isn’t about the title of said article however it does at least in part serve to tone down the severity of the events which took place 92.40.197.55 (talk) 23:58, 13 March 2024 (UTC)
Then by that logic the Armenian and Greek genocide articles should be retitled to the persecution of ottoman greeks/ Armenians. I hope you do understand that my only complaint isn’t about the title of said article however it does at least in part serve to tone down the severity of the events which took place 92.40.197.55 (talk) 23:58, 13 March 2024 (UTC)
The fact that yourself and other Misplaced Pages moderators have failed to address such concerns nor engage with me in a proper manner really speaks for itself 92.40.197.222 (talk) 21:02, 18 March 2024 (UTC)

Please may someone change the death toll back to how it was before

literally every other language version of this page does not state the death toll is “up to 2 million” even in the section regarding casualties it states that it is not that low. Furthermore the edit of “up to 2 million” was made in response to someone changing the death toll to 5.5 million rather than up to 5.5 million. Such an edit of two million was made by a Misplaced Pages account titled “neo wikipedist” and referred to the edit as “some muslimz” and furthermore went into use the skull emoji. I heavily advise that someone change the death toll to what it previously once was 148.252.146.29 (talk) 01:42, 26 April 2024 (UTC)

Death toll and casualty figures:

The following is a translated extract from the Arabic version of the same page: Michael Mann stated in the 1914 Carnegie Foundation report that those acts were described as widespread murderous ethnic cleansing unprecedented in Europe.It is estimated that 4.4 million Muslims lived in the Ottoman-controlled areas of the Balkans at the turn of the 20th century.According to Maria Todorova, more than a million Muslims left the Balkans in the last 30 years of the 19th century.Between 1912 and 1926 nearly 2.9 million Muslims were killed or forced to immigrate to Turkey.It is estimated that 2.5 million Muslims died in Anatolia during World War I and the Turkish War of Independence. 148.252.146.29 (talk) 01:44, 26 April 2024 (UTC)

Those figure makes no sense. Michael Mann did not write the 1914 Carnegie Foundation report, he wrote "The Dark Side of Democracy Explaining Ethnic Cleansing" (2005), he acknowledges the bad source but uses it. The only source used in the article for the death toll of the whole period is McCarthy who as you can read denies the Armenian genocide and probably exaggerated:
"Justin McCarthy is an apologist for the Turkish state and supports the official version of history, which denies the Armenian genocide. He thus might have exaggerated the number of Muslim victims in the Balkans in order to underplay the number of Armenian victims in Anatolia. However, Michael Mann argues that, even if these numbers were reduced by 50%, the number of Muslim victims in the Balkan “would still horrify”."-A Companion to the Anthropology of the Middle East (2015) Edited By Soraya Altorki (The Chapter is Rethinking the “Post‐Ottoman”: Anatolian Armenians as an Ethnographic Perspective By Hakem Al‐Rustom.), page 474.
"Roger Owen and Şevket Pamuk estimate that during the last decade of the Ottoman Empire (1912–1922) when the Balkan Wars, the First World War and the War of Independence took place in areas later to become part of Turkey "Total casualties, military and civilian, of Muslims during this decade are estimated as close to two million. The historian Mark Biondich estimates that from 1878 to 1912 up to two million Muslims left the Balkans either voluntarily or involuntarily, and when adding Muslims casualties in the Balkans in 1912 and 1923 within the context of those killed or expelled the total figure far exceeded some three million."
In fact these two sources are problematic as the first source includes military as well as civilian casualties and indeed includes casualties not just deaths in addition to it's exclusive focus on Anatolia, future Turkish territory (This source is especially problematic as it is not clear that all of the deaths in these casualties are murders (I include death induced by deportation and the like.) or death by disease and starvation and the like which may be the case as the blockade of Germany and Austria-Hungary was very effective for example. Furthermore it is unclear who murdered them. In the subsequent figures I just assume all deaths are murders by non-muslim forces.). Assuming more civilian casualties resulted then 1,500,000 civilian casualties and assuming more wounded than death then perhaps between 675,000 and 700,000. The second has exclusive focus on the Balkans and the three million figure includes the two million voluntarily or otherwise leaving and of course includes those expelled between 1912 and 1923. If you use your brain then the figure between 1912 and 1923 would be around 1,300,000. Again not all of these were killed (I cannot evaluate how many.) and on the assumption that more people are expelled than killed then 600,000-650,000 would appropriate. Thus the appropriate figure between 1912 and 1923 is between 1,275,000 and 1,350,000.
In the fair assumption that McCarthy is exaggerating then take 75% (Much more than Mann's proposal.) of the 5,000,000 figure which gives 3,750,000. Subtract the 1912-1923 figures and you get between 2,400,000 and 2,475,000. That is between 1821 and 1923 between 2,400,000 and 2,475,000 muslims were murdered.
If you take Mann's proposal of 50% of 5,000.000 it results in 2,500,000. Subtract the 1912-1923 figures and you get between 1,115,000 and 1,225,000. That is between 1821 and 1923 between 1,115,000 and 1,225,000 were murdered.
As a conclusion then people really need to properly read the sources. It is full of exaggeration and arguably downplaying or denying Christian genocides and massacres. For example, muslim society may have been incensed against Armenians because of the Balkan Wars but Armenians were being massacred for decades by this point (See Hamidian massacres (1894-1896).) and that model of governance was promoted since the 1690s (See War, State and the Privatisation of Violence in the Ottoman Empire (2020) By Tolga U. Esmer.). This is not at all to condone any of this however the article seems more than a bit myopic. John Not Real Name (talk) 20:13, 4 October 2024 (UTC)
I want to amend my statements. "That is between 1821 and 1923 between 2,400,000 and 2,475,000 muslims were murdered." should be That is between 1821 and 1912 between 2,400,000 and 2,475,000 muslims were murdered.
"That is between 1821 and 1923 between 1,115,000 and 1,225,000 were murdered." should be That is between 1821 and 1912 between 1,115,000 and 1,225,000 were murdered. John Not Real Name (talk) 20:31, 4 October 2024 (UTC)
The blockade parts must be mentioned if you have a source for it. Theofunny (talk) 06:00, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
Sorry, I misunderstood your comment I thought you were asking me to prove a blockade was in place which I thought was a bit absurd. There was a blockade and I would recommend this article: ( Great Famine of Mount Lebanon ). Although it is NOT accepted as a genocide by any government, it is being pushed for as the ottoman government was directing grain shipments away from the people. Lebanon was the most affected of course but I would not be surprised if it affected Anatolia given the starvation levels amongst all the Central Powers. It is odd that no-one seems to mention it when half of the Pre-War Maronite population was decimated during the War. John Not Real Name (talk) 16:39, 12 December 2024 (UTC)

Discussion clearly dead and going nowhere, I suppose the article is ok and should be left alone as it is

Arbitrary break

Casualties mean deaths. Biondich talks about how he arrived at that number, not that casualties include those that are expelled. Biondich’s numbers also have a more limited time frame. Owen's book also have a more limited time frame. It says "during this decade". Kaser's numbers are from 1820 to 1920. I'm restoring the previous version. Bogazicili (talk) 11:05, 6 December 2024 (UTC)

Theofunny, you have cited an entire book for the sentence you added: However, others have accused McCarthy of exaggerating the number of Muslim victims in the Balkans. Can you provide a page number for this claim? Bogazicili (talk) 11:18, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
"Justin McCarthy is an apologist for the Turkish state and supports the official version of history, which denies the Armenian genocide. He thus might have exaggerated the number of Muslim victims in the Balkans in order to underplay the number of Armenian victims in Anatolia. However, Michael Mann argues that, even if these numbers were reduced by 50%, the number of Muslim victims in the Balkan “would still horrify” (Mann 2005: 113). I advocate the centrality of juxtaposing the ethnic cleansing of Balkan Muslims with the Armenian genocide as an intertwined history of the two victim populations; the occurrence of one should be taken as denying the other." Page 474, by Hakem Al Rustom Theofunny (talk) 11:57, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
I read this source a long time back and didn't exactly remember the page, but it was shoddy work from me. Theofunny (talk) 11:58, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
As the quote you added shows, there's no evidence of exaggeration. It's the speculation of Hakem Al Rustom. Bogazicili (talk) 13:31, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
"In the period between 1878 and 1912, as many as two million Muslims emigrated voluntarily or involuntarily from the Balkans. When one adds those who were killed or expelled between 1912 and 1923, the number of Muslim casualties from the Balkan far exceeds three million. By 1923 fewer than one million remained in the Balkans."
I now realize now that Owen's book had a more limited time frame and should not be included but why would Mark Biondich add those "killed or expelled" to those Muslims who emigrated to mean deaths. As I see it from a neutral viewpoint, he refers to the reduction of Balkan Muslims as "casualties from the Balkans".
And the estimate of deaths should be up to 5 million not around 5 million as the research has been very limited in this area. Theofunny (talk) 11:20, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
Casualties mean deaths. The way I read it, he talks about how he calculated that number. If you have any further doubts, you can ask it in: Misplaced Pages:Teahouse or Misplaced Pages:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard. You can give the source and the quote from the source, and ask what they think.
Kaser says: "estimations speak about 5 million casualties and the same number of displaced persons"
about 5 million is reworded as around 5 million. "Up to" would be WP:OR. Bogazicili (talk) 11:27, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
Upto because McCarthy is an unreliable source and Kaser most probably takes the estimates from McCarthy. In my view, it should up Upto 5.5 not only 5. Theofunny (talk) 11:59, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
Please see Misplaced Pages:No original research. Misplaced Pages is edited by looking at reliable sources, not by assumptions or views of editors. Bogazicili (talk) 12:03, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
I do know that, but different editors will interpret the same give text differently which is what I meant by my view. Theofunny (talk) 12:08, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
This is why I suggested Misplaced Pages:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard. You can also try Misplaced Pages:No original research/Noticeboard. Since you are a new editor, you can also get advice at Misplaced Pages:Teahouse. Bogazicili (talk) 12:13, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
I have submitted the topic at Teahouse and thanks for your advice. Theofunny (talk) 12:16, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
If it meant deaths he would indicate it was deaths. I think it is a stretch to make that claim. John Not Real Name (talk) 16:48, 12 December 2024 (UTC)
Someone else has mentioned that the figure often includes dead and missing (Not necessarily the same thing. It however does make one question the results if the margin of error can be as high as 400,000.). The 5,000,000 figure is wrong for deaths at least. It is also rather hard to believe that an equal amount were killed or fled (I guess it is possible.). John Not Real Name (talk) 16:43, 12 December 2024 (UTC)

For further clarification, see: Misplaced Pages:Neutral_point_of_view/Noticeboard#Confusing_language_from_a_Mark_Biondich_source_related_to_Balkans

When giving or contesting number of dead or displaced, be careful about dates and regions. Whether it's Balkans only or includes other areas. Whether from 1820 to 1920, or 1878 to 1912, or 1912 to 1923. Bogazicili (talk) 15:31, 6 December 2024 (UTC)

Theofunny, the 2 million number you added into the infobox from Owen and Pamuk is about 1912 to 1922 and in areas in modern-day Turkey. Bogazicili (talk) 15:48, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
I already wrote in the talk that after you pointed out, I realized that it was incorrect. Theofunny (talk) 15:50, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
Oh I see it now, thanks.
I think the issues are resolved now with respect to current wording and info in the article?
The number of displaced etc can be added later. Bogazicili (talk) 15:55, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
But should it upto or about 5 million now since Mark Biondich claims otherwise? Theofunny (talk) 16:26, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
Mark Biondich does not have a claim about deaths, covering around 1820 to 1920 period. Or if he does, please provide the source. Include the page number and quote please. Bogazicili (talk) 16:30, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
He has for deaths and displacement combined from 1878 to 1923.
Biondich gives same numbers and sources in
The Routledge History Handbook of Central and Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century Volume 4: Violence
chapter
The Balkan Wars
, page 1:

The road from Berlin to Lausanne was littered with millions of casualties. Between 1878 and 1912, millions of Balkan Muslims emigrated or were forced from the region. When one adds up those who were killed or expelled between the Balkan Wars (1912–13) and Greco-Turkish War (1919–22), the number of Balkan-Muslim casualties may have exceeded three million. By 1923, fewer than one million Muslims remained in the Balkans

Theofunny (talk) 16:36, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
You can ask it in Misplaced Pages:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard.
The difference is due to different time periods and/or geographic regions. 5 million includes Crimean Khanate and Caucasus.
Biondich also doesn't give a specific number for only deaths. Bogazicili (talk) 16:44, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
Ohh, then I see it now. It doesn't include Circassia too. Theofunny (talk) 16:46, 6 December 2024 (UTC)
You can use it as an additional assessment for the period in question. People use Misplaced Pages as if the conclusion is everything but go ahead and source it for the Wars in question. John Not Real Name (talk) 16:45, 12 December 2024 (UTC)
To add to this discussion, I feel that McCarthy’s figures deserve a place in the infobox now, see here;
Death and Exile: The Ethnic Cleansing of Ottoman Muslims, 1821-1922 is a book that has gone through extensive evaluation by scholarship and by all means successfully passed the peer review process. Historian Dennis P. Hupchick generally left a positive review of the book, stating: 'the statistical data appear generally valid. McCarthy succeeds in providing factual material for bringing the European historiography of the later Ottoman Empire into more objective balance.'
Historian Michael Robert Hickock too had an overall positive view of Death and Exile despite him criticizing specific aspects of the book, particularly regarding the proving of governmental intent for the massacres that occurred. However, he agrees McCarthy undeniably proved the existence of extensive Muslim suffering in this period: 'Professor McCarthy does an excellent service to both the general reader and the scholars of the region with this survey of human suffering... Although he succeeds in recounting the plight of Muslim communities, he is less successful at demonstrating state policy or proving intent... The question of intent underlies the book's biggest flaw.”
Bulgarian Historian Georgi Zelengora accepts the book as academically reliable and cites it in his own works; he had this to say about various Bulgarian groups who criticized Death and Exile: Translated: 'Justin McCarthy's “Death and Exile”, in which Bulgarian readers learned about the crimes committed against Muslims by their homeland for the first time, has been translated into Bulgarian in 2010. Patriotic organizations have declared the book anti-Bulgarian. Semi-educated journalists and third grade politicians started disputing the author's professionalism, showing they have zero knowledge on the topic of demographics.'
Historian Kemal Karpat, in his review of the book, wrote: 'This is the first well-documented and comprehensive Western account of the treatment of Ottoman Muslims from the 1820s to 1919-1922. The scope of the book, its vast documentation, and the author's efforts to remain objective and impartial in analyzing little known events that most other Western scholars have ignored are praiseworthy.'
Historian Robert Olson praised the work as well, saying: 'Justin McCarthy's solid demographic work contributes to achieving a better balance and understanding that he so ardently desires for the history of these regions and peoples.'
Historian Donald W. Bleacher, who is a critic of McCarthy's stance on the Armenian Genocide, still praised Death and Exile as a high-quality work of historiography: 'Justin McCarthy has, along with other historians, provided a necessary corrective to much of the history produced by scholars of the Armenian genocide in the United States. McCarthy demonstrates that not all of the ethnic cleansing and ethnic killing in the Ottoman Empire in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries followed the model often posited in the West, whereby all the victims were Christian and all the perpetrators were Muslim. McCarthy has shown that there were mass killings of Muslims and deportations of millions of Muslims from the Balkans and the Caucasus over the course of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.'
Historian Veselin Angelov not only praised Death and Exile but defended Justin McCarthy against critics in general.Translated(sentences might be out of order as I copied them from his interview one by one): 'I find Justin McCarthy's book valuable because it gives a different look at historical events in which there is a lot of mythology and political partisanship. It overturns long-held myths about the last 100 years of the history of the Ottoman Empire... The book is supported by quite solid and irrefutable scientific evidence... Even his critics admit that McCarthy refers to solid sources previously neglected mostly in the Christian West... In all probability, reading Justin McCarthy's book, the majority of Bulgarians will be amazed, horrified and want to throw it away. They will think that it is the product of a huge falsification and a tool of manipulation of Turkish historiography and propaganda. They will not believe anything written in it, with the idea that it is one-sided... I would advise against jumping to conclusions. There are quite a few readers of the English edition, for example, who think that McCarthy is not a "Turkish cannon", but presents a fair story. It helps to correct the injustice committed in the interpretation of history... The reaction in some Internet forums does not surprise me. And from people who haven't read the book. I predict that with the appearance of the book, denials and incantations will multiply. These people, among them politicians, are laymen in historical knowledge, they do not understand that this is a scientific work... many historians consider him an extremely pro-Turkish American researcher, because many of his theses coincide with the views of the Turkish historiography. For me, his behavior is purely professional. It only states the specific facts. I did not get the impression that he underestimated the Christians within the empire or that he tolerated the Muslims. I have already mentioned that he does not omit data about murders, looting and pogroms of Turks, Kurds, Tatars and Circassians against the Christian population. As he himself says, historical correctness demands recognition. And he admits that the Christians have also suffered a great deal. A significant part of his book is devoted to the sufferings of Christians... They label him a "genocide denier", an "agent of the Turkish government" and a "revisionist". In most cases, the attacks against him are not supported by serious scientific arguments. However, there are historians who are positive about the results of McCarthy's scientific pursuits.' 165.237.199.136 (talk) 22:17, 13 December 2024 (UTC) Blocked sockpuppet of User:ByzantineIsNotRoman. – Demetrios1993 (talk) 17:22, 22 December 2024 (UTC)

Picture of dead "civilians"

Please, explain what exactly "civilians" were doing at Ayvaz Baba fort during the siege of Edirne. This is a massive manipulation!!! 2A01:5A8:30A:4713:51DC:26:A8EE:FDDF (talk) 03:05, 9 December 2024 (UTC)

Civilians can be in forts. John Not Real Name (talk) 23:10, 11 December 2024 (UTC)
The siege of Edirne lasted 5 months and the defence was breached at Ayvaz baba. Do you think Shukri pasha sent civilians to defend the fort? Or did the Bulgarians kill civilians in the city, but then dragged the bodies in front of the fort to take a picture? 149.62.207.68 (talk) 08:54, 12 December 2024 (UTC)
Civilians can’t be in besieged fortress cities? 165.237.199.136 (talk) 22:20, 13 December 2024 (UTC) Blocked sockpuppet of User:ByzantineIsNotRoman. – Demetrios1993 (talk) 17:22, 22 December 2024 (UTC)

There is nothing supporting the claim that these were civilians, besides the arbitrary title chosen by the user who uploaded the image in Commons back in 2013, and the repetition of that claim in the respective caption that was added by some editors relatively recently. We don't even know if it depicts Muslims; we assume it does (same can be said for other details; such as the location and the date). In short, there is lack of verifiability. In any case, why should we give more prominence to a single group of persecutors (the Bulgarians in this case)? Frankly, I don't think an image is needed in the infobox. Demetrios1993 (talk) 17:29, 22 December 2024 (UTC)

Based on what I could find, the description is accurate because it's given the same name on Alamy as a stock photo here. Yung Doohickey (talk) 21:30, 30 December 2024 (UTC)
Happy New Year, and thanks for attempting to look into this. However, the fact that Alamy has the same photograph with an identical title indicates that they both have the same source. In Commons the file was uploaded on 21 March 2013 by User:Thirdclass; while in Alamy it presents 22 September 2010 as "date taken", which seemingly precedes the uploading of the aforementioned file in Commons. Now, I do not know if the date of 22 September 2010 is supposed to indicate the date that the respective file was uploaded in Alamy, or whether it was arbitrarily chosen by Alamy contributors "Gibson Green" (here) and "The History Collection" (here), who both offer licenses for what is essentially the same file. Based on the aforementioned, I only see two possibilities. Either User:Thirdclass copied the image (and by extension the title) from Alamy, which would make the file eligible for speedy deletion; or, Alamy contributors "Gibson Green" and "The History Collection" copied the image (and by extension the title) from Commons, per what is explained in the interesting essay Commons:How Alamy is stealing your images. In either case, we are still left with a lack of verifiability; in short, people should be able to check that all the information presented comes from a reliable source. Neither User:Thirdclass, nor Alamy contributors "Gibson Green" and "The History Collection", can be considered reliable sources. In respect to the latter, Alamy states under each file's title that "captions are provided by our contributors", which means that there is no editorial scrutiny as to their validity; see this and this noticeboard discussions for some additional input from our community. Demetrios1993 (talk) 14:41, 1 January 2025 (UTC)

Deaths number in the infobox

5.5 million is in the second source. Are there any issues besides that it was first added by an IP that was a sock? Bogazicili (talk) 15:35, 2 January 2025 (UTC)

5.5 million is not the death figure. I wrote to someone else and he indicates that it was dead and missing. I do not quite get why he has not changed that because otherwise the book source is contradictory which is not a good sign. John Not Real Name (talk) 19:38, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
from the source: "Five and one-half million Muslims died" Bogazicili (talk) 20:18, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
"By 1923, “only Anatolia, eastern Thrace, and a section of the southeastern Caucasus remained to the Muslim land. . . . Millions of Muslims, most of them Turks, had died; millions more had fled to what is today Turkey. Between 1821 and 1922, more than five million Muslims were driven from their lands. Five and one-half million Muslims died, some of them killed in wars, others perishing as refugees from starvation and disease” (McCarthy 1995, 1)."
I swear none of you read the sources in question. As I expected he is directly quoting Justin McCarthy. Not paraphrasing but in quotation marks. At least change the source to McCarthy. Furthermore there are reasons to object. McCarthy includes between 1914 and 1922 military deaths and his figure does not differentiate between murder and disease/famine. It would be highly improper to put that figure there as if they were all murdered. Furthermore his Balkan Wars (1912-1913) deaths include many missing not dead as he apparently admitted in a later book of his. John Not Real Name (talk) 16:03, 8 January 2025 (UTC)

Addition of earlier persecution into the infobox

Hi there, just as the header of this says, given that the scope of this article mentions the Habsburg and Venetian conquests and persecutions in the 17th-18th centuries, I believe this should also be included in the infobox to a degree at least, so that the infobox better matches the scope of this article. 8.48.3.236 (talk) 21:43, 6 January 2025 (UTC)

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