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{{Short description|Iranian-US scholar of religious studies}}
{{Pp-semi|small=yes}}
{{use mdy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox person {{Infobox person
| name = Reza Aslan | name = Reza Aslan
| image = Reza aslan 2013.jpg | image = Reza Aslan lit fest (cropped).jpg
| caption = Aslan in 2023
| imagesize =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1972|5|3}}
| caption = Aslan at ], 2013
| birth_place = ], Iran
| nationality = ]
| citizenship = ]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1972|5|3}}
| education = ] (])<br />] (])<br />] (])<br />] (])
| birth_place = ], ]
| occupation = ], ], and TV host
| birth_name =
| organization = Aslan Media Inc., BoomGen Studios
| ethnicity = ]
| notable_works = '']''<br />'']''
| occupation = Academic, writer
| spouse = {{Marriage|]|2011}}
| residence = ], ]<ref name="ABOUT — Reza Aslan">{{cite web|url=http://rezaaslan.com/about/ |title=ABOUT — Reza Aslan |publisher=Rezaaslan.com |date= |accessdate=2013-08-04}}</ref>
| children = 3
| alma_mater = ]<br>]<br>]<br>]
| relatives = ] {{small|(aunt)}}
| spouse = ]
| religion = ]
| organization = Aslan Media Inc.
| children = 3
| relatives = ] (aunt)<ref>{{cite web|last=Ali |first=Syed Hamad |url=http://gulfnews.com/arts-entertainment/books/islam-s-pulse-in-the-us-1.837480 |title=Islam's pulse in the US |publisher=GulfNews.com |date=July 15, 2011 |accessdate=2013-07-28}}</ref>
| notable_works= '']''<br>'']''
| website = {{URL|www.rezaaslan.com}}
}} }}

'''Reza Aslan''' ({{lang-fa|رضا اصلان}}, {{IPA-fa|ˈɾezɒː æsˈlɒːn|IPA}}; born May 3, 1972) is an ] ], scholar of ] and professor of ] at the ]. His educational background is in religious studies and the history of religion, and includes a PhD in Sociology from the University of California, Santa Barbara. He has written two books on religion: '']'' and '']''. Aslan is a member of the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rezaaslan.com/about/|title=ABOUT|work=Reza Aslan}}</ref>
'''Reza Aslan''' ({{langx|fa|رضا اصلان}}, {{IPA|fa|ˈɾezɒː æsˈlɒːn|IPA}}; born May 3, 1972) is an ] scholar of ],<ref>{{Cite web |title=UC Santa Barbara General Catalog - Sociology |url=https://my.sa.ucsb.edu/catalog/Current/CollegesDepartments/ls-intro/soc.aspx?DeptTab=Graduate |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=my.sa.ucsb.edu}}</ref> writer, and television host. A convert to ] from ] as a youth, Aslan eventually reverted to ] but continued to write about Christianity. He has written four books on religion: '']'', ''Beyond Fundamentalism: Confronting Religious Extremism in the Age of Globalization'', '']'', ''God: A Human History'' and in 2022 ''An American Martyr in Persia: The Epic Life and Tragic Death of Howard Baskerville''.

Aslan has worked for television, including a documentary series exploring world religions on ] called ''Believer'', and served as an executive producer on the HBO drama series '']''. Aslan is a member of the ] and the International Qur'anic Studies Association. He is a professor of ] at ], and a board member of the ] (NIAC).


==Background== ==Background==
Aslan's family came to the ] from ] in 1979, fleeing the ]. He grew up in the ]. At the age of 15 he converted to ].<ref name="economist">{{cite news|url=http://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21582239-perhaps-jesus-was-no-pacifist-no-angel |title=The life of Jesus: No angel |work=] |date=July 27, 2013 |accessdate=2013-07-28}}</ref> He converted back to ] the summer before attending Harvard.<ref name="loon watch">{{cite web|url=http://www.loonwatch.com/2011/11/exclusive-loonwatch-interview-with-reza-aslan/|title=Exclusive Loonwatch Interview with Reza Aslan|publisher=}}</ref> In the early 1990s, Aslan taught courses at ] in ]. Aslan's family came to the ] from ] in 1979, fleeing the ]. He grew up in the ].<ref>{{cite interview|url=http://www.onbeing.org/program/transcript/7047|title=Reza Aslan Islam's Reformation|date=20 November 2014|interviewer=Krista Tippett}}</ref> Aslan says that he "spent the 1980s pretending to be Mexican" due to the amount of discrimination faced by Iranian Americans.<ref>{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> He attended ] in San Jose, and graduated class of 1990.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 11, 2013 |orig-date=October 11, 2013 |title=The Interview: Reza Aslan |url=https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/the-interview-reza-aslan/1955960/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121155447/https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/the-interview-reza-aslan/1955960/ |archive-date=January 21, 2021 |access-date=November 5, 2024 |website=NBC Bay Area |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roig-Franzia |first=Manuel |date=August 25, 2013 |title=Reza Aslan: A Jesus scholar who's often a moving target - Washington Post |url=http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-08-08/lifestyle/41202446_1_reza-aslan-religious-studies-religion |access-date=2024-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130825075805/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-08-08/lifestyle/41202446_1_reza-aslan-religious-studies-religion |archive-date=August 25, 2013 }}</ref> In the early 1990s, Aslan taught courses at ] in ].


Aslan holds a ] in ] at ], an ] at ], an ] at the ]'s ], and a ] in ] at the ].<ref>{{cite news|last=Smith|first=Warren Cole|title=Signs and Wonders: Federal religious freedom commission picks conservative leader|url=http://www.worldmag.com/2013/07/signs_and_wonders_federal_religious_freedom_commission_picks_outspoken_conservat|accessdate=August 1, 2013|newspaper=]|date=July 31, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Gottschalk |first=Keith |url=http://blogcritics.org/books/article/interview-reza-aslan-author-no-god/ Aslan holds a B.A. in ] from ], a ] (MTS) from ], a ] (M.F.A.) in ] from the ]'s ], and a Ph.D. in ] from the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/07/is-muslim-academic-reza-aslan-more-biased-than-a-christian-scholar/278175/ |title=Is Muslim Academic Reza Aslan More Biased Than a Christian Scholar? |publisher=patheos.com |date=2013-07-29 |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.patheos.com/blogs/accordingtomatthew/2015/08/stop-calling-reza-aslan-a-fraud-and-learn-how-academia-works/ |title=Stop calling Reza Aslan a fraud and learn how academia works |publisher=patheos.com |date=2015-08-14 |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Gottschalk |first=Keith |url=http://blogcritics.org/books/article/interview-reza-aslan-author-no-god/ |title=Interview: Reza Aslan, Author 'No god but God' |publisher=Blogcritics |date=April 8, 2005 |access-date=2013-07-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313021107/http://blogcritics.org/books/article/interview-reza-aslan-author-no-god/ |archive-date=March 13, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Dr. Reza Aslan|url=http://www.drew.edu/crcc/programsinitiatives/wallerstein-distinguished-visiting-scholars/dr-reza-aslan|publisher=]|access-date=July 29, 2013}}</ref> His 2009 dissertation, "Global Jihadism as a Transnational Social Movement: A Theoretical Framework",<ref>{{cite thesis |author=Reza Aslan |date=2009|title=Global Jihadism as a Transnational Social Movement: A Theoretical Framework |url=http://gradworks.umi.com/33/85/3385753.html |type=Ph.D. |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara |access-date=2016-07-11}}</ref> discusses contemporary Muslim political activism.<ref name="Nation">{{cite news |first=Elizabeth |last=Castelli |date=August 9, 2013 |title=Reza Aslan—Historian? |url=http://www.thenation.com/article/175688/reza-aslan-historian |work=] |access-date=2015-11-17}}</ref>
|title=Interview: Reza Aslan, Author "No god but God" |publisher=Blogcritics |date=April 8, 2005 |accessdate=2013-07-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Dr. Reza Aslan|url=http://www.drew.edu/crcc/programsinitiatives/wallerstein-distinguished-visiting-scholars/dr-reza-aslan|publisher=]|accessdate=July 29, 2013}}</ref> His dissertation was titled "Global Jihadism as a Transnational Social Movement: A Theoretical Framework".<ref>{{cite web|title=Global Jihadism as a Transnational Social Movement: A Theoretical Framework|url=http://www.scribd.com/doc/156747924/Reza-Aslan-Dissertation |publisher=Reza Aslan |date= |accessdate=2013-07-30}}</ref>


In August 2000, while serving as the ] at the ], Aslan was a visiting faculty member in Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies at the ], becoming the first person to teach Islamic studies full-time in the state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news-releases.uiowa.edu/2010/april/040510aslan-lecture.html |title= Middle East and Islamic expert Reza Aslan to speak at UI April 12|publisher=University of Iowa News Services |date=April 5, 2010 |accessdate=2015-05-05}}</ref> In August 2000, while serving as the ] at the ], Aslan was a visiting faculty member in Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies at the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news-releases.uiowa.edu/2010/april/040510aslan-lecture.html |title= Middle East and Islamic expert Reza Aslan to speak at UI April 12|publisher=University of Iowa News Services |date=April 5, 2010 |access-date=2015-05-05}}</ref>


Aslan was the 2012–13 Wallerstein Distinguished Visiting Professor at the ] Center on Religion, Culture & Conflict.<ref name=NJDU>{{cite web |title=Author Reza Aslan, who sees Jesus as a rebel, to speak at Drew tonight |url=http://www.nj.com/morris/index.ssf/2013/09/author_reza_aslan_who_sees_jesus_as_a_rebel_to_speak_at_drew_tonight.html |last=Hochman |first=Louis C. |date=September 25, 2013 |accessdate=September 26, 2013 |publisher=NJ.com}}</ref><ref name=DrewU>{{cite web |title=(Middle) East Meets Forest |url=http://www.drew.edu/alumni/2012/09/middle-east-meets-forest |last=Price |first=Barbara |accessdate=September 26, 2013 |publisher=Drew University}}</ref> Aslan was the 2012–13 Wallerstein Distinguished Visiting Professor at the ] Center on Religion, Culture & Conflict.<ref name=NJDU>{{cite web |title=Author Reza Aslan, who sees Jesus as a rebel, to speak at Drew tonight |url=http://www.nj.com/morris/index.ssf/2013/09/author_reza_aslan_who_sees_jesus_as_a_rebel_to_speak_at_drew_tonight.html |last=Hochman |first=Louis C. |date=September 25, 2013 |access-date=September 26, 2013 |publisher=NJ.com}}</ref><ref name=DrewU>{{cite web |title=(Middle) East Meets Forest |url=http://www.drew.edu/alumni/2012/09/middle-east-meets-forest |last=Price |first=Barbara |access-date=September 26, 2013 |publisher=Drew University |archive-date=August 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810113154/http://www.drew.edu/alumni/2012/09/middle-east-meets-forest |url-status=dead }}</ref>


An Adjunct Senior Fellow at the ] from 2012 to 2013,{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} he is also a member of the Los Angeles Institute for the Humanities,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dornsife.usc.edu/cf/laih/fellow-roster.cfm |title=List of LAIH Fellows |publisher=usc.edu |access-date=2015-05-13}}</ref> and the Pacific Council on International Policy.<ref name=sunstone>{{cite web|url=https://www.sunstonemagazine.com/broadcast-qa-with-reza-aslan/|title=Dr. Reza Aslan profile|date=April 14, 2016 |publisher=sunstonemagazine.com |access-date=2016-07-13}}</ref> He has served as Legislative Assistant for the ] in Washington D.C.,<ref name=parstimes/> and was elected President of Harvard's Chapter of the ].<ref name=parstimes>{{cite web|title=About the Author|url=http://www.parstimes.com/books/reza_aslan.html |publisher=parstimes.com |access-date=2016-07-11}}</ref> Aslan also serves on the board of directors of the ], which gives grants for peace and security issues, ], a writer's advocacy group, and he serves on the national advisory board of ] (formerly the Levantine Cultural Center), a program to promote peace between Americans and the Arab/Muslim world.<ref name = sunstone/> He also serves on the board of trustees for the ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ctschicago.edu/about/trustees|title=Board of Trustees |publisher=ctschicago.edu |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref> and is on the advisory board of the Yale Humanist Community.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://yalehumanists.com/about/advisory-board/|title=Board of Trustees |publisher=yalehumanists.com |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref>
==Career==
] 2013]]


===Professional memberships=== ===Religious views===
Aslan was born into a ] Shia Muslim family. He converted to ] at the age of 15,<ref name="economist">{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21582239-perhaps-jesus-was-no-pacifist-no-angel |title=The life of Jesus: No angel |newspaper=] |date=July 27, 2013 |access-date=2013-07-28}}</ref> and converted back to ] the summer before attending Harvard.<ref name="loon watch">{{cite web|url=http://www.loonwatch.com/2011/11/exclusive-loonwatch-interview-with-reza-aslan/|title=Exclusive Loonwatch Interview with Reza Aslan|publisher=Loonwatch.com|access-date=2015-11-17}}</ref> Aslan completed his Harvard degree in 1999.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news-archive.hds.harvard.edu/news/2013/09/30/inside-scholars-studio-conversation-reza-aslan-video |title=Video: Aslan on Faith, Jesus, and Fox News }}</ref> In 2005, '']'' called him "a ] by persuasion".<ref>{{cite news|title=Waiting for an Islamic Enlightenment|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/oct/22/highereducation.islam|date=22 October 2005|work=] |access-date=November 30, 2014}}</ref> In a 2013 interview with ] host ], Aslan said: "I'm definitely a ] and ] is the tradition within Islam that I most closely adhere to."<ref>{{cite news|last=Murphy|first=Dan|title=Can Muslims write about Christianity?|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Security-Watch/Backchannels/2013/0728/Can-Muslims-write-about-Christianity|date=July 28, 2013|work=] |access-date=November 30, 2014}}</ref> In a 2013 article in '']'', Aslan stated: "It's not I think Islam is correct and Christianity is incorrect. It's that all religions are nothing more than a language made up of symbols and metaphors to help an individual explain faith."<ref>{{cite news|last=Roig |first=Manuel |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/reza-aslan-a-jesus-scholar-whos-hard-to-pin-down/2013/08/08/2b6eee80-002b-11e3-9a3e-916de805f65d_story.html |title=Reza Aslan: A Jesus scholar who's hard to pin down |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=2013-08-08 |access-date=2015-11-17}}</ref> In 2014, in an interview with ] of '']'', Aslan described Islam as:
He is a member of the Los Angeles Institute for the Humanities, and the ]. He has served as Legislative Assistant for the ] in Washington D.C., and was elected President of the World Conference of Religions for Peace, Harvard Chapter. He serves on the board of directors of the ], ], and serves on the national advisory board of the ].


<blockquote>a man-made institution. It's a set of symbols and metaphors that provides a language for which to express what is inexpressible, and that is faith. It's symbols and metaphors that I prefer, but it's not more right or more wrong than any other symbols and metaphors. It's a language; that's all it is.<ref>{{cite interview |last=Aslan |first=Reza |subject-link=Reza Aslan |interviewer=] |title=Reza Aslan - Bigotry, Fundamentalism and Neo-Atheism in the Media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7F-SiZt0amg |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211213/7F-SiZt0amg |archive-date=2021-12-13 |url-status=live|date=October 13, 2014 |work=The Young Turks |access-date=October 18, 2014}}{{cbignore}}</ref> </blockquote>
===Writing===
Aslan has written articles for '']'' as a contributing editor. He has also written for various newspapers and periodicals, including '']'', the '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', the '']'', and '']''. He has made numerous appearances on TV and radio, including ] (NPR), ], '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', and '']'' '']''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/tv/bigideas/stories/2010/06/01/2913953.htm|title=Reza Aslan: Terrorism and How to Win a Cosmic War - Politics - Browse - Big Ideas - ABC TV|publisher=}}</ref>


==Career==
===Analysis of War on Terrorism===
], 18 April 2012]] ], 18 April 2012]]
Aslan refers to Al Qaeda's '']'' against the west as "a cosmic war", distinct from holy war, in which rival religious groups are engaged in an earthly battle for material goals. "A cosmic war is like a ritual drama in which participants act out on earth a battle they believe is actually taking place in the heavens." American rhetoric of "]", Aslan says, is in precise "cosmic dualism" to Al Qaeda's ''jihad''. Aslan draws a distinction between ] and ]. Islamists have legitimate goals and can be negotiated with, unlike Jihadists, who dream of an idealized past of a ], borderless "religious communalism". Aslan's prescription for winning the cosmic war is not to fight, but rather to engage moderate Islamic political forces in the democratic process. "Throughout the Middle East, whenever moderate Islamist parties have been allowed to participate in the political process,
popular support for more extremist groups has diminished."<ref name="The Wasington Post" >{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/06/26/AR2009062601717.html|title=Book Review: 'How to Win a Cosmic War' by Reza Aslan|publisher=}}</ref>


===Writing===
===Protection of religious freedom===
Aslan has published four books, edited two anthologies, and frequently writes for different media outlets.<ref>{{cite web|title=Books|url=http://rezaaslan.com/books/|website=rezaaslan.com|access-date=22 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Writing|url=http://rezaaslan.com/writing/|website=rezaaslan.com|access-date=22 February 2017}}</ref>
Aslan has argued for religious freedom and protection for religious minorities throughout the Middle East.<ref name=WPIRAN>{{cite news|author= Reza Aslan and Michael Brooks|title=For Iran's Rouhani, the human rights of Baha'is are the ultimate test of reform |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/on-faith/wp/2013/09/25/for-irans-rouhani-the-human-rights-of-bahais-are-the-ultimate-test-of-reform/ |publisher=]|accessdate=September 25, 2013|date=September 25, 2013}}</ref><ref name=ForeignAffairs>{{cite news|last=Aslan |first=Reza |title=The Christian Exodus |url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/139917/reza-aslan/the-christian-exodus |publisher=]|accessdate=September 25, 2013|date=September 11, 2013}}</ref> He has called for Iran to protect and stop the "horrific human rights abuses" against its ] community.<ref name=WPIRAN /> Aslan has also said that the persecution and displacement of
Middle Eastern Christian communities "is nothing less than a regional religious cleansing that will soon prove to be a historic disaster for Christians and Muslims alike."<ref name=ForeignAffairs />


====Books====
===Fox News interview controversy===
=====''No God but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam''=====
On 26 July 2013, Aslan was interviewed on ''Spirited Debate'', a ] ] by ] ] about his book '']''.<ref name=fox>http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/30/business/media/odd-fox-news-interview-lifts-reza-aslans-biography-on-jesus.html?_r=0</ref> Green was "unsatisfied with Aslan's credentials," and she pressed Aslan, questioning why a Muslim would write about Jesus.<ref name=lat>, '']'', July 29, 2013</ref> Aslan answered, “Because it’s my job as an academic. I am a professor of religion, including the New Testament. That’s what I do for a living, actually.” The interview lasted about ten minutes and focused "on Aslan's background more than the actual contents of the book."<ref name=lat /> The video clip of the interview went ] within days<ref name=fox/> and the book, which was up to that point selling "steadily",<ref name=fox /> appeared at the 4th place on the '']'' print hardcover best-seller list.<ref name=fox/> By late July 2013, it was topping the U.S. best-seller list on Amazon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amazon.com/gp/bestsellers/books/ref=sr_bs_1|title=Amazon Best Sellers: Best Books|work=amazon.com}}</ref>
{{main|No God but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam}}
''No god but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam'' is a non-fiction book published in 2005. The book describes the ] and argues for a ]. It blames Western imperialism and self-serving misinterpretations of Islamic law by past scholars for the current controversies within Islam,<ref name=ked>{{cite news |first=Nikki R. |last=Keddie |title=Taking History on Faith |newspaper=] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A32729-2005Apr6.html |date=2005-04-07 |access-date=2016-07-13}}</ref> challenging the "]" thesis.<ref name=stan>{{cite web|url=http://news-service.stanford.edu/pr/2006/pr-aslan-102506.html|title=Author of No god but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam to speak on campus |publisher=stanford.edu |date=2006-10-20 |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref>


=====''How to Win a Cosmic War'' (a.k.a. ''Beyond Fundamentalism'')=====
====Academic credentials====
In 2009, Aslan published his second book, ''How to Win a Cosmic War: God, Globalization, and the End of Terror''. The next year, it was re-released in paperback as ''Beyond Fundamentalism: Confronting Religious Extremism in the Age of Globalization''.<ref name=foreign>{{cite web|url=http://www.foreignpolicyjournal.com/2010/05/28/review-beyond-fundamentalism-confronting-religious-extremism-in-the-age-of-globalization/ |title=Review: Beyond Fundamentalism – Confronting Religious Extremism in the Age of Globalization |publisher=foreignpolicyjournal.com |date=2010-05-28 |access-date=2016-07-13}}</ref> The book is both a study of the ideology fueling ], the ] and like-minded militants throughout the Muslim world, and an exploration of religious violence in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Aslan argues that the United States is fighting a similar war by infusing the ] with its religiously polarizing rhetoric. This war, he asserts, cannot be won.<ref name = "The Washington Post"/>
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Academic degrees awarded to Reza Aslan
|-
|
* ] in religion, Santa Clara University
* ] in theology, Harvard
* ] in fiction, University of Iowa
* ] in sociology, University of California, Santa Barbara
|}
Following Aslan's interview with ], some questioned Aslan's academic claims. An article written by ] in '']'' entitled "Reza Aslan: A Jesus scholar who’s hard to pin down" accused Green of asking "astonishingly absurd questions," and Aslan of being a "moving target", as those questions succeeded in goading him to talk about his qualifications. It described him as being "eager—perhaps overeager—to present himself as a formidable academic with special bona fides in religion and history" and "boast of academic laurels he does not have."<ref name=WP>{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/reza-aslan-a-jesus-scholar-whos-hard-to-pin-down/2013/08/08/2b6eee80-002b-11e3-9a3e-916de805f65d_story.html|title=Reza Aslan: A Jesus scholar who’s hard to pin down|work=Washington Post}}</ref> The article quoted Aslan's dissertation adviser, ], as saying that he did not have a problem with Aslan's characterization of his credentials.


Aslan refers to Al Qaeda's '']'' against the West as "a cosmic war", distinct from holy war, in which rival religious groups are engaged in an earthly battle for material goals. "A cosmic war is like a ritual drama in which participants act out on earth a battle they believe is actually taking place in the heavens." American rhetoric of "war on terrorism", Aslan says, is in precise "cosmic dualism" to Al Qaeda's ''jihad''. Aslan distinguishes ] and ]. ] have legitimate goals and can be negotiated with, unlike ], who dream of an idealized past of a ], borderless "religious communalism". Aslan's prescription for winning the cosmic war is not to fight but to engage moderate Islamic political forces in the democratic process. "Throughout the Middle East, whenever moderate Islamist parties have been allowed to participate in the political process, popular support for more extremist groups has diminished."<ref name = "The Washington Post"/>
A day later, '']'' printed an article critical of the ''Washington Post'' piece entitled "Now The Washington Post Owes Reza Aslan An Apology, Too."<ref name=NewRepublic>{{cite news|last= Caplan-Bricker|first=Nora|title=Now The Washington Post Owes Reza Aslan An Apology, Too |url=http://www.newrepublic.com/article/114253/first-fox-now-washington-post-owes-reza-aslan-apology |work=New Republic|accessdate=September 23, 2013|date=August 9, 2013}}</ref> The '']'' article entitled "Reza Aslan's 'Zealot': Muslim's book about Jesus stirs things up" also defended Aslan's characterization of his academic credentials, noting that UC Santa Barbara "is famous for its interdisciplinary program—students tailor their studies around a topic, not a department. They choose a department only for the diploma."<ref name=Philly>{{cite news|last=Derakhshani|first=Tirdad|title=Reza Aslan's 'Zealot': Muslim's book about Jesus stirs things up|url=http://articles.philly.com/2013-09-18/entertainment/42151956_1_mediterranean-jewish-peasant-jesus-reza-aslan|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|accessdate=September 23, 2013|date=July 29, 2013}}</ref> '']''{{-'}}s ] wrote that Aslan "reasonably opened himself to criticism" on the basis of his claim to speak "with authority as a historian"<ref name=Nation>{{cite news |last=Castelli |first=Elizabeth|title=Reza Aslan --- Historian? |url=http://www.thenation.com/article/175688/reza-aslan-historian#axzz2cLM9hlBh |work=] |accessdate=August 9, 2013|date=July 29, 2013}}</ref> and ], a staff writer at ] wrote, "Aslan may not have a graduate degree in history, but he does have a Ph.D. and an M.T.S. that bear on the topic at hand. He has also published extensively on religion. Arguing he's somehow not a scholar, as John S. Dickerson did, isn't really credible."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Graham|first1=David A.|title=Is Muslim Academic Reza Aslan More Biased Than a Christian Scholar?|url=http://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/07/is-muslim-academic-reza-aslan-more-biased-than-a-christian-scholar/278175/|accessdate=20 May 2015|work=The Atlantic|publisher=The Atlantic Monthly Group|date=July 29, 2013|quote=Aslan may not have a graduate degree in history, but he does have a Ph.D. and an M.T.S. that bear on the topic at hand. He has also published extensively on religion. Arguing he's somehow not a scholar, as John S. Dickerson did, isn't really credible.}}</ref>


'']'' called ''Beyond Fundamentalism'' a "thoughtful analysis of America's War on Terror".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2009/05/11/briefly-noted-914 |title=Briefly Noted |publisher=newyorker.com |date=2009-05-11 |access-date=2016-08-02}}</ref> '']'' added that it "offers a very persuasive argument for the best way to counter jihadism."<ref name = "The Washington Post"/>
===Criticism of New Atheists===
In 2014, Aslan was interviewed by New York Magazine's Jesse Singal on his response to the recent intense criticism of Islam by the ]. In the interview Aslan criticizes the "armchair atheism" of atheists like ] and ], who have no background in the study of religion and are unable to effectively comment on how it shapes human behavior. He contrasted them to the "philosophical atheism" of earlier thinkers who "were experts in religion, and so they were able to offer critiques of it that came from a place of knowledge, from a sophistication of education, of research."<ref>{{cite web |title=Reza Aslan on What the New Atheists Get Wrong About Islam|url= http://nymag.com/scienceofus/2014/10/reza-aslan-on-what-the-new-atheists-get-wrong.html |first=Jesse |last=Singal |publisher=New York Magazine |date=October 14, 2014 |accessdate=2014-10-20}}</ref>


===Criticism of media coverage of Islam=== =====''Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth''=====
{{main|Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth}}
On 29 September 2014, Antonia Blumberg in '']'' stated that Reza Aslan, on ], "criticized comedian ] for characterizing ] as an 'Islamic problem,' in addition to making several other sweeping generalizations about the faith."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/30/reza-aslan-bill-maher_n_5907612.html|title=Reza Aslan Blasts Bill Maher, Media For 'Unsophisticated' Reporting On Islam|last=Blumberg|first=Antonia|date=30 September 2014|publisher=]|accessdate=4 October 2014|quote=Reza Aslan has a thing or two to say about media coverage of Islam. Speaking with CNN on Monday Aslan criticized comedian Bill Maher for characterizing female genital mutilation as an "Islamic problem," in addition to making several other sweeping generalizations about the faith. "When it comes to the topic of religion he's not very sophisticated in the way that he thinks," Aslan said.}}</ref> Prachi Gupta, in '']'', wrote that Reza Aslan believed that the United States was partnering with ] while simultaneously condemning ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/2014/09/30/reza_aslan_takes_down_bill_mahers_facile_arguments_on_islam_in_just_5_minutes/|title=Reza Aslan takes down Bill Maher’s "facile arguments" on Islam in just 5 minutes|last=Gupta|first=Prachi|date=30 September 2014|publisher=]|accessdate=4 October 2014|quote=He also pointed out the U.S.’s own hypocrisy in calling out ISIS for its brutality while partnering with Saudi Arabia: “Look, Saudi Arabia is one of the most, if not the most, extremist countries in the world. In the month that we’ve been talking about ISIS and their terrible actions in Iraq and Syria, Saudi Arabia, our closest ally, has beheaded 19 people.”}}</ref> Aslan was reported as saying that "To say "Muslim countries", as though Pakistan and Turkey are the same… it’s frankly, and I use this word seriously, stupid!"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/10/01/reza-aslan-slams-the-bigoted-media-for-generalisation-that-muslims-are-misogynistic-and-violent_n_5915176.html?utm_hp_ref=uk|title=Reza Aslan Slams 'Bigoted' Media For Generalisation That Muslims Are Misogynistic And Violent|date=1 October 2014|publisher=]|accessdate=4 October 2014}}</ref>
Aslan's book ''Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth'' (2013) is an ] of the life of ], which analyzes the various ], as well as the creation of ]. In the book, Aslan argues that Jesus was a political, rebellious, and ] whose proclamation of the coming kingdom of God was a call for regime change to end Roman hegemony over Roman Judea and end a corrupt and oppressive aristocratic priesthood.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/06/books/reza-aslans-zealot-the-life-and-times-of-jesus-of-nazareth.html |title=Still a Firebrand, 2,000 Years Later |work=] |date=2013-08-05 |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref>


=====''God: A Human History''=====
On 8 October 2014, Reza published a '']'' article titled, "Bill Maher Isn’t the Only One Who Misunderstands Religion" writing that, "Bill Maher is right to condemn religious practices that violate fundamental human rights. Religious communities must do more to counter extremist interpretations of their faith. But failing to recognize that religion is embedded in culture — and making a blanket judgment about the world’s second largest religion — is simply bigotry."
In this book, published by Random House in 2017, Aslan explains in an accessible scholarly style the history of religion and a theory of why and how humans started thinking about supernatural beings and eventually God.


=====''An American Martyr in Persia: The Epic Life and Tragic Death of Howard Baskerville''=====
==Religious views==
On October 11, 2022, ] published Aslan's book about ]. '']'' called it "an intriguing read that breathes life into a pivotal moment of Persian/Iranian history".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/reza-aslan/an-american-martyr-in-persia/ |title= An American Martyr in Persia: The Epic Life and Tragic Death of Howard Baskerville |date= 2022-09-22 |accessdate= 2022-12-27 |type= book review |website= ] |language=en}}</ref>
Aslan was born into a ] family.<ref name="The Daily Mail">{{cite news|title=Muslim author's book about Jesus goes top of Amazon's sales charts after TV interview challenging his credentials goes viral|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2381869/Muslim-author-Reza-Aslans-book-Jesus-goes-Amazons-sales-charts-TV-interview-challenging-credentials-goes-viral.html|date=31 July 2013 |work=] |accessdate=November 30, 2014}}</ref> He converted to ] at the age of 15,<ref name="economist" /> and converted back to ] the summer before attending Harvard.<ref name="loon watch" />


====Other writing====
On 22 October 2005, '']'' called him "a Shia by persuasion".<ref>{{cite news|title=Waiting for an Islamic Enlightenment|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/oct/22/highereducation.islam|date=22 October 2005|work=] |accessdate=November 30, 2014}}</ref>
Aslan has written articles for '']'' as a contributing editor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/contributors/reza-aslan.html |title=Reza Aslan |publisher=thedailybeast.com |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref> He has also written for various newspapers and periodicals, including the '']'', '']'' and ''The Washington Post'', '']'', '']'', ''The Guardian'', '']'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.clintonschoolspeakers.com/content/reza-aslan |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141017001329/http://clintonschoolspeakers.com/content/reza-aslan |url-status=usurped |archive-date=October 17, 2014 |title=Reza Aslan |publisher=clintonschoolspeakers.com |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref> and '']''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/Opinion/2012/0229/Those-defending-US-Constitution-from-sharia-must-have-failed-high-school-civics |title=Those defending US Constitution from sharia must have failed high school civics |publisher=clintonschoolspeakers.com |date=2012-02-29 |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref>


===Work as editor===
In a 2013 interview with ] host ], Aslan said: "... I'm definitely a ] and ] is the tradition within Islam that I most closely adhere to."<ref>{{cite news|last=Murphy|first=Dan|title=Can Muslims write about Christianity?|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Security-Watch/Backchannels/2013/0728/Can-Muslims-write-about-Christianity|date=July 28, 2013|work=] |accessdate=November 30, 2014}}</ref> He also proclaims himself a 'genuinely committed disciple of ].'<ref name="The Daily Mail"/>
''Tablet and Pen: Literary Landscapes from the Modern Middle East'', an anthology he edited and published, appeared in 2011. In collaboration with Words Without Borders, Aslan worked with a team of three regional editors and seventy-seven translators, amassing a collection of nearly 200 pieces originally written in Arabic, Persian, Urdu, and Turkish, many presented in English for the first time.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thedianerehmshow.org/shows/2010-11-16/reza-aslan-tablet-and-pen |title=Reza Aslan: "Tablet and Pen" |publisher=thedianerehmshow.org |date=2010-11-16 |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref>


''Muslims and Jews in America: Commonalities, Contentions, and Complexities'' (2011) co-edited with Abraham's Vision founder Aaron J. Hahn Tapper, is a collection of essays exploring contemporary Jewish–Muslim relations in the United States and the distinct ways in which these two communities interact with one another in that context.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rrc.edu/multifaithworld/imuslims-and-jews-americai-valuable-new-resource |title=Muslims and Jews in America: A Valuable New Resource |publisher=rrc.edu |date=2011-05-17 |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref>
In a 2013 article in the Washington Post, Aslan states: "It’s not I think Islam is correct and Christianity is incorrect. It’s that all religions are nothing more than a language made up of symbols and metaphors to help an individual explain faith."<ref> August 8, 2013</ref>


===Business ventures===
In 2014, in an interview with ] of ], Aslan described Islam as "a man-made institution. It’s a set of symbols and metaphors that provides a language for which to express what is inexpressible, and that is faith. It’s symbols and metaphors that I prefer, but it’s not more right or more wrong than any other symbols and metaphors. It’s a language, that’s all it is."<ref>{{cite interview |last=Aslan |first=Reza |subjectlink=Reza Aslan |interviewer=] |title=Reza Aslan - Bigotry, Fundamentalism and Neo-Atheism in the Media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7F-SiZt0amg |callsign= |city= |date=October 13, 2014 |program=] |accessdate=October 18, 2014}}</ref>
====Aslan Media====
Aslan founded Aslan Media, a media platform offering alternative coverage of the Middle East and its global diaspora communities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eagle-entrepreneur.com/tag/aslan-media-initiatives/ |title=Kiva Founder to Speak at Georgia Southern University|publisher=eagle-entrepreneur.com| date=2012-01-18 |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref>


====BoomGen Studios====
== Personal life ==
In 2006, Aslan partnered with Iranian American cinematographer and producer ] to create BoomGen Studios, a studio and production company focused on bringing stories from and about the Middle East to American audiences. Projects that they consulted on include National Geographic's ''Amreeka''; Disney's '']'' and the Broadway adaptation of ''Aladdin''; the Weinstein Company's ''Miral''; Relativity Media's ''Desert Dancer''; Fork Films' ''The Trials of Spring''; Jon Stewart's directorial debut ''Rosewater''; and 2014 Oscar-nominated documentary ''The Square''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rezaaslan.com/about/ |title=About |publisher=rezaaslan.com |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref>
Aslan and his ex-fiancée, journalist Amanda Fortini, ended their ] in 2008.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nazaryan|first=Alexander |title=Bad News: When Journalism and Business Collide|url=http://www.thewire.com/entertainment/2013/08/brand-messy-editorial-adventures-startupland/68636/|callsign= |city= |date=August 29, 2013 |work=] |accessdate=December 1, 2014}}</ref>


=====''Of Kings and Prophets''=====
He married entrepreneur ], a Christian, forming an ]. They have three sons.<ref name="ABOUT — Reza Aslan"/><ref>{{cite news|last=Katz Miller|first=Susan |title=Reza Aslan and Jessica Jackley: A Muslim and Christian Interfaith Family|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-katz-miller/reza-aslan-and-jessica-ja_b_3671342.html|callsign= |city= |date=September 28, 2013 |work=] |accessdate=December 1, 2014}}</ref>
In January 2015, BoomGen announced that ABC picked up its biblical epic, '']'', a dramatic retelling of the central story in the Hebrew Bible: the story of King David from shepherd to king. The series followed an ensemble of characters, including Saul and David, the successive Kings of Israel, their families, and their political rivals. ''Of Kings and Prophets'' was set in the Kingdom of Israel but filmed in Cape Town, South Africa. Aslan, Tousi, and Jason Reed served as executive producers on the show.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ucrtoday.ucr.edu/29314 |title=ABC Picks Up TV Series Developed by UCR Scholars |publisher=ucr.edu |date=2015-05-19 |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref>


====TV projects====
At ], Aslan made statements immediately interpreted as calling for the ] of Libyan "Revolutionary Leader" ],<ref> and then the first question </ref> which ].<ref></ref>
=====''The Leftovers''=====
In 2015, Aslan joined the popular HBO series ] as a consulting producer for both its second and third seasons. In addition to helping craft the show's foundation, Aslan was integral to shaping protagonist Kevin Garvey's season two character arc.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pajiba.com/the_leftovers/is-the-leftovers-kevin-garvey-a-shaman-ushering-people-into-the-next-world.php |title=Is The Leftovers' Kevin Garvey a Shaman Ushering People Into the Next World? |publisher=pajiba.com |date=2015-10-14 |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref>


=====''Rough Draft''=====
==Awards==
In March 2016, cable network Ovation premiered ''Rough Draft with Reza Aslan'', a fast-paced and timely talk show featuring Aslan conversing with critically acclaimed authors and writers in film, TV, and journalism.<ref name=variety1>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2016/tv/news/reza-aslan-rough-draft-the-leftovers-of-kings-and-prophets-1201678547/|title='Leftovers' Producer Reza Aslan on His New Ovation Talk Show: 'It's A Little Bit Raunchy' |publisher=Variety.com |date=2016-01-13 |access-date=2016-07-13}}</ref>
* 2014 Intersections Honoree, Intersections International<ref>{{cite web |title=2014 Awards Celebration |url=http://www.intersectionsinternational.org/2014awardscelebration |publisher=Intersections International |accessdate=15 April 2014}}</ref>
* 2013 Media Bridge-Builder Award, Tanenbaum Center for Interreligious Understanding<ref name=Tenanbaum>{{cite web |title=Annual Award Ceremony 2013 |url=https://www.tanenbaum.org/events/award-ceremony |publisher=Tenanbaum Center for Interreligious Understanding |accessdate=September 26, 2013}}</ref>
* 2013 Peter J. Gomes Memorial Honor, Harvard Divinity School<ref name=PJGHBS>{{cite web |title=HDS Alumni/Alumnae Council Announces Inaugural Gomes Honors Recipients |url=http://hds.harvard.edu/news/2013/03/06hds-alumnialumnae-council-announces-inaugural-gomes-honors-recipients |publisher=Harvard Divinity School |date=March 6, 2013 |accessdate=September 26, 2013}}</ref>
* 2012 East-West Media Award, The Levantine Center<ref name=EastWest>{{cite web |title=2012 East-West Awards Celebrate Visions of Cultural Diplomacy |url=http://www.levantinecenter.org/event/2012-east-west-awards-celebrate-visions-cultural-diplomacy |publisher=Levantine Cultural Center |date=November 1, 2012 |accessdate=September 26, 2013}}</ref>


=====''Believer''=====
==Criticisms==
In 2015, Aslan began production on the "spiritual travel series" ''Believer'', a documentary series that follows Aslan as he immerses himself and experiences various religious traditions internationally, focusing on sects considered fringe and disreputable by larger religions. The program, which Aslan compared to '']''<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Makarechi|first1=Kia|title=Reza Aslan on the Stakes of America's "Crisis of Identity"|url=http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/02/reza-aslan-believer-american-identity|magazine=Vanity Fair|language=en}}</ref> was part of ]'s original programming lineup and premiered in March 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cnnpressroom.blogs.cnn.com/2016/05/18/cnn-greenlights-three-new-cnnoriginals-for-2017-slate-picks-up-new-seasons-of-returning-series/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160519111227/http://cnnpressroom.blogs.cnn.com/2016/05/18/cnn-greenlights-three-new-cnnoriginals-for-2017-slate-picks-up-new-seasons-of-returning-series/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 19, 2016 |title=CNN Greenlights Three New Original Series For The 2017 Programming Slate|publisher=CNN|date=2016-05-18 |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-reza-aslan-believer-cnn-20150321-story.html |title=In CNN's 'Believer,' Reza Aslan to aim for a window on world religions |publisher=chicagotribune.com|date=2015-03-21 |access-date=2016-07-14}}</ref>
Some negative reviews of Aslan's book '']'' come from '']'', writing that the book "suffers from common problems in popularization, like proposing outdated and simplistic theories for phenomena now seen as more complex";<ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/06/books/reza-aslans-zealot-the-life-and-times-of-jesus-of-nazareth.html</ref> ], claiming that Zealot argues "against the scholarly consensus";<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenation.com/article/175688/reza-aslan-historian|title=Reza Aslan—Historian?|publisher=}}</ref> and ] citing professors and pastors stating "that Aslan has simply created his own version of Jesus."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/03/reza-aslan-zealot-criticism_n_3697318.html|title=Reza Azlan's 'Zealot' Draws Criticism From Pastors And Professors|work=]}}</ref>


The first episode focused on the ] sect of ]. Aslan was accused of ] and ] when Aslan ate part of a human brain while meeting Aghori ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/article/831510/cnns-believer-does-reza-aslan-really-know-what-hindus-believe|title=CNN's Believer: Reza Aslan's show on Hindu mendicants is biased no matter how you look at it|first=Devdutt|last=Pattanaik|date=March 11, 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/magazine/831947/tempest-in-a-teapot-a-rebuttal-to-reza-aslans-critics-from-someone-whos-stayed-with-aghoris|title=Tempest in a teapot: A rebuttal to Reza Aslan's critics from someone who's lived with Aghoris|first=Vikram|last=Zutshi|date=March 18, 2017 }}</ref> The ] said in a statement that "ith multiple reports of hate-fueled attacks against people of Indian origin from across the U.S., the show characterizes Hinduism as cannibalistic, which is a bizarre way of looking at the third largest religion in the world."<ref>{{cite news|title=Reza Aslan, host of CNN's 'Believer,' catches grief for showcasing religious cannibals in India|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2017/03/06/reza-aslan-host-of-cnns-believer-catches-flack-for-showcasing-religious-cannibals-in-india/|access-date=7 March 2017|newspaper=Washington Post}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Ali|first1=Lorraine|title=CNN's 'Believer With Reza Aslan' could use a little more enlightenment itself|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-believer-reza-aslan-review-20170304-story.html|work=Los Angeles Times|date=4 March 2017}}</ref> Vamsee Juluri, professor of media studies at the ], described the episode as "reckless, racist, and anti-immigrant",<ref>{{cite news|last1=Juluri|first1=Vamsee|title=CNN's 'Believer' Is Reckless, Racist And Dangerously Anti-Immigrant|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/cannibals-and-corpses-cnns-believer-is-reckless-racist_us_58bbc5fee4b02eac8876cfad|work=Huffington Post|date=5 March 2017}}</ref> while ] of the ] accused Aslan of being "poorly informed", circulating "common stereotypical misconceptions" about Hinduism and indulging in "religion porn" "to grab ratings", with the "most clichéd, spurious conflations of the Hindu religion with the caste system".<ref>{{cite news|last1=Shukla|first1=Aseem|title=Reza Aslan's 'Believer' sensationalizes and stereotypes Hindus|url=http://religionnews.com/2017/03/07/reza-aslans-believer-sensationalizes-and-stereotypes-hindus/|work=Religion News Service}}</ref>
Regarding '']'', '']'' reported that Aslan's "good storytelling occasionally interferes with accuracy," that he minimizes "gender inequalities enshrined in the Koran," and he "ascribes undocumented feelings and motives not only to Muhammad but also to later figures -- a technique sometimes endorsed in creative nonfiction courses but not recommended for historians."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A32729-2005Apr6.html|title=Taking History on Faith|publisher=}}</ref> ] writes that the book's "aim is to appease western ideologues."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/oct/22/highereducation.islam|title=Review: No God But God by Reza Aslan|work=]}}</ref>

US Congresswoman ] compared the show to "touring a zoo".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://currentriggers.com/world/tulsi-gabbard-cnn-reza-aslan/|title=Tulsi Gabbard joins American Hindus in slamming CNN|date=March 8, 2017 |access-date=2017-03-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/us-lawmaker-tulsi-gabbard-criticises-cnn-over-negative-portrayal-of-hinduism/story-b9UWTaHdE5UkSmkwKnYmJJ.html|title=US lawmaker Tulsi Gabbard criticises CNN over 'negative' portrayal of Hinduism|date=March 8, 2017 |access-date=2017-03-24}}</ref> The show has also been criticized for saying that ] was called "the city of the dead",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/trending/trending-in-india/varanasi-city-of-the-dead-tweet-news-channel-gets-slammed-video-series-teaser-4555572/|title=News channel gets slammed for calling Varanasi 'City of the Dead' in video series teaser|date=March 5, 2017 |access-date=2017-03-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/varanasi-as-city-of-dead-in-believer-with-reza-aslan-sparks-row-1488798138.html|title=Varanasi as 'city of dead' in 'Believer With Reza Aslan' sparks row|website=] |date=March 6, 2017 |access-date=2017-03-24}}</ref> calling the immersion of ashes "dumping", presenting the Aghors as an exception in their struggle against the caste system,<ref name="huffingtonpost.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/misleading-and-sensational-cnns-believer-pilot_us_58bdff16e4b0aeb52475fe7f|title=Misleading And Sensational, CNN's 'Believer' Pilot Amounts To 'Fake News'|website=] |date=March 7, 2017 |access-date=2017-03-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/10/reza-aslan-criticised-for-documentary-on-cannibalistic-hindus|title=Reza Aslan outrages Hindus by eating human brains in CNN documentary|website=] |date=March 11, 2017 |access-date=2017-03-24 |last1=Safi |first1=Michael }}</ref> and claims he misunderstood the distinction between ] and ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiafacts.org/reza-aslans-believer-exhibit-unconcealed-hinduphobia/|title=Reza Aslan's 'Believer'—An Exhibit of Unconcealed Hinduphobia|date=March 9, 2017 |access-date=2017-03-24}}</ref> and the notion of ].<ref name="huffingtonpost.com"/> The organizations American Hindus Against Defamation (AHAD) and the ] (HAF) have also both questioned why Aslan's show does not cover Islam, his own religion. Aslan said that he had planned to cover the ] festival in Pakistan but abandoned the plan because of insurance costs. He pledged to cover Islam if ''Believer'' had a second series.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/hindu-groups-ro-khanna-object-to-cnn-docus-negative-portrayal-of-religion/article17418368.ece|title=Hindu groups, Ro Khanna object to CNN docu's negative portrayal of religion|website=] |date=March 6, 2017 |access-date=2017-03-24 |last1=George |first1=Varghese K. }}</ref> On June 9, 2017, CNN announced that it had "decided to not move forward with production" on Aslan's ''Believer'' series after his anti-Trump tweets were criticized because of vulgar language used shortly before June 9, 2017.<ref name="StelterCNN06092017"/>

Aslan defended the episode in a ] post.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Aslan|first1=Reza|url=https://www.facebook.com/rezaaslanofficial/posts/1868651036714600 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/1815976328648738/1868651036714600 |archive-date=2022-02-26 |url-access=limited|title=Comment on Believer's episode about the Aghors in India|website=facebook.com|access-date=2017-03-24}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

=====''Allah in the Family''=====
Aslan (along with Andrew Reich) wrote a sitcom pilot titled "Allah in the Family" based on his experiences as an Iranian immigrant growing up in Oklahoma.<ref>{{cite web |title=Episode 16 - Allah in the Family written by Reza Aslan & Andrew Reich {{!}} Maximum Fun |url=https://www.maximumfun.org/dead-pilots-society/episode-16-allah-family-written-reza-aslan-andrew-reich |website=www.maximumfun.org |date=September 21, 2017 |access-date=10 October 2019}}</ref> ABC bought the pilot but it has yet to go into production.

====Remarks about President Trump====
After the ], Aslan took to Twitter to call President ] "a piece of shit" and a "man-baby" for his response to the attack.<ref>{{cite web|author=Caitlin Yilek |url=http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/cnn-host-calls-trump-a-piece-of-s-t-after-london-attack/article/2624900 |title=CNN host calls Trump 'a piece of s-t' after London attack |publisher=Washingtonexaminer.com |date=2017-06-04 |access-date=2017-06-09}}</ref> On June 9, 2017, in response to his remarks, CNN decided to cut ties with Aslan and announced they would not move forward with season two of the ''Believer'' series.<ref name="StelterCNN06092017">Stelter, Brian. , '']'', June 9, 2017.</ref> Aslan said of the cancellation, "I am not a journalist. I am a social commentator and scholar. And so I agree with CNN that it is best that we part ways."<ref name="StelterCNN06092017" />

===Other media appearances===
Aslan has made numerous appearances on TV and radio, including ] (NPR), '']'' on Fox News, ], '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', and '']'' '']''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/tv/bigideas/stories/2010/06/01/2913953.htm|title=Reza Aslan: Terrorism and How to Win a Cosmic War - Politics - Browse - Big Ideas - ABC TV|publisher=Abc.net.au|access-date=2015-11-17}}</ref>

====2013 Fox News interview====
On July 26, 2013, Aslan was interviewed on ''Spirited Debate'', a ] ] by Chief Religion Correspondent ] about his book '']''.<ref name=fox>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/30/business/media/odd-fox-news-interview-lifts-reza-aslans-biography-on-jesus.html?_r=0|title=Odd Fox News Interview Lifts Reza Aslan's Biography on Jesus|newspaper=]|date=July 30, 2013 |access-date=2015-11-17}}</ref><ref name=FoxInterviewAslan> Lauren Green interview of Reza Aslan on July 26, 2013</ref> Green was "unsatisfied with Aslan's credentials," and she pressed Aslan, questioning why a Muslim would write about Jesus.<ref name=lat>, '']'', July 29, 2013</ref> Aslan answered, "Because it's my job as an academic. I am a professor of religion, including the New Testament. That's what I do for a living." The interview lasted about ten minutes and focused "on Aslan's background more than the actual contents of the book."<ref name=lat /> The video clip of the interview went ] within days<ref name=fox/> and the book, which was up to that point selling "steadily",<ref name=fox /> appeared at the 4th place on ''The New York Times'' print hardcover best-seller list.<ref name=fox/> By late July 2013, it was topping the U.S. best-seller list on ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/gp/bestsellers/books/ref=sr_bs_1|title=Amazon Best Sellers: Best Books|work=amazon.com}}</ref>

Following Aslan's interview with ], ], professor of religion at ], reported a sense of outrage in academia, writing "Those of us in the academic field of religious studies, especially biblical scholars and historians of ], found the whole business deeply cringe-worthy. The ] interview was not just ] but downright offensive. The ] bias of Fox is well-documented and is bad enough, whatever the specific context. For scholars of religion, ]'s conflation of the academic study of religion with personal religious identification is a familiar misunderstanding."<ref name="Nation"/>

Despite Elizabeth Castelli's dismissal of Fox News for questioning Aslan as a religious scholar, as she acknowledged Aslan could claim as a scholar of "history-of-religions", she dismissed his claims of being a historian. She wrote "''History of religions'' is ... a particular disciplinary approach... often associated in the United States with the ] and the ], where Aslan earned his ] in ]. To the extent that he did coursework in the UCSB Religious Studies department, he can certainly lay claim ... But his claims are more grandiose than that and are based on his repeated public statements that he speaks with authority as a historian. He has therefore reasonably opened himself to criticism."<ref name="Nation"/> '']'' concurred with Prof. Castelli's acknowledgment of Aslan's religious credentials.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Graham|first1=David A.|title=Is Muslim Academic Reza Aslan More Biased Than a Christian Scholar?|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/07/is-muslim-academic-reza-aslan-more-biased-than-a-christian-scholar/278175/|access-date=20 May 2015|work=The Atlantic|publisher=The Atlantic Monthly Group|date=July 29, 2013|quote=Aslan may not have a graduate degree in history, but he does have a PhD and an M.T.S. that bear on the topic at hand. He has also published extensively on religion. Arguing he's somehow not a scholar, as John S. Dickerson did, isn't credible.}}</ref>

In ''The Washington Post'', the journalist Manuel Roig-Franzia concurred with Prof. Castelli's critique of Aslan's historian credentials, noting that Aslan's university does not offer degrees in the history or the sociology of religion and writing that Aslan "boasts of academic laurels he does not have." However, he quoted Aslan's dissertation adviser, ], who acknowledged that their departments "don't have a degree in sociology of religions as such" but said that he "doesn't have a problem with Aslan's characterization of his doctorate, noting ... did most of his course work in religion" and his arrangement of getting Aslan out of the religious studies department into the sociology department "was undertaken to get Aslan out of time-consuming required language courses".<ref name=WP>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/reza-aslan-a-jesus-scholar-whos-hard-to-pin-down/2013/08/08/2b6eee80-002b-11e3-9a3e-916de805f65d_story.html|title=Reza Aslan: A Jesus scholar who's hard to pin down|newspaper=Washington Post}}</ref> '']'' also noted UCSB "is famous for its ] program—students tailor their studies around a topic, not a department. They choose a department only for the diploma."<ref name=Philly>{{cite news|last=Derakhshani|first=Tirdad|title=Reza Aslan's 'Zealot': Muslim's book about Jesus stirs things up|url=http://articles.philly.com/2013-09-18/entertainment/42151956_1_mediterranean-jewish-peasant-jesus-reza-aslan|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926213253/http://articles.philly.com/2013-09-18/entertainment/42151956_1_mediterranean-jewish-peasant-jesus-reza-aslan|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 26, 2013|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|access-date=September 23, 2013|date=July 29, 2013}}</ref>

===Academia===
He is a professor of ] at ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://creativewriting.ucr.edu/people/aslan/index.html|title=UCR: Department of Creative Writing|website=creativewriting.ucr.edu}}</ref> and a board member of the ] (NIAC).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.niacouncil.org/about-niac/staff-board/|title=Staff and Board|website=NIAC|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200122233401/https://www.niacouncil.org/about-niac/staff-board/|archive-date=2020-01-22|access-date=2018-04-05}}</ref>

===Professional membership===
Aslan is a sitting member of the advisory board for the ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Staff & Board|url=https://www.niacouncil.org/about-niac/staff-board/|website=National Iranian American Council|access-date=22 February 2017}}</ref> In 2015 as a member of the group, he joined with 73 other "prominent International Relations and Middle East scholars" in signing a statement of support for the ], an international agreement regarding the ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Middle East Studies Professors Shill for Iran on Nuclear Deal, Morally Equate US and Islamic Republic|url=https://www.algemeiner.com/2015/09/02/middle-east-studies-professors-shill-for-iran-on-nuclear-deal-morally-equate-us-and-islamic-republic/|website=algemeiner.com|access-date=22 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Saud|first1=Laith|title=Iran Deal Supporters Don't Care about Iraqi and Syrian People|url=http://chicagomonitor.com/2015/09/op-ed-iran-deal-supporters-dont-care-about-iraqi-and-syrian-people/|website=Chicago Monitor|access-date=22 February 2017|date=8 September 2015}}</ref>

==Political analysis==
===Analysis of War on Terrorism===
] 2013]]
Aslan refers to Al Qaeda's '']'' against the West as "a cosmic war", distinct from ], in which rival religious groups are engaged in an earthly battle for material goals. "A cosmic war is like a ritual drama in which participants act out on earth a battle they believe is actually taking place in the heavens." American rhetoric of "]", Aslan says, opposes Al Qaeda's ''jihad'' within this very structure of "cosmic dualism". Aslan draws a distinction between ] and ]. Islamists have legitimate goals and can be negotiated with, unlike Jihadists, who dream of an idealized past of a ], borderless "religious communalism". Aslan's prescription for winning the cosmic war is not to fight but to engage moderate Islamic political forces in the democratic process. "Throughout the Middle East, whenever moderate Islamist parties have been allowed to participate in the political process, popular support for more extremist groups has diminished."<ref name="The Washington Post" >{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/06/26/AR2009062601717.html|title=Book Review: 'How to Win a Cosmic War' by Reza Aslan|work=Washingtonpost.com|access-date=2015-11-17}}</ref>

===Protection of religious freedom===
Aslan has argued for religious freedom and protection for religious minorities throughout the Middle East.<ref name=WPIRAN>{{cite news|author= Reza Aslan and Michael Brooks|title=For Iran's Rouhani, the human rights of Baha'is are the ultimate test of reform |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/on-faith/wp/2013/09/25/for-irans-rouhani-the-human-rights-of-bahais-are-the-ultimate-test-of-reform/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022115736/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/on-faith/wp/2013/09/25/for-irans-rouhani-the-human-rights-of-bahais-are-the-ultimate-test-of-reform/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 22, 2013 |newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=September 25, 2013|date=September 25, 2013}}</ref><ref name=ForeignAffairs>{{cite news|last=Aslan |first=Reza |title=The Christian Exodus |url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/139917/reza-aslan/the-christian-exodus |publisher=]|access-date=September 25, 2013|date=September 11, 2013}}</ref> He has called for Iran to protect and stop the ] against its ] community.<ref name=WPIRAN /> Aslan has also said that the persecution and displacement of Middle Eastern Christian communities "is nothing less than a regional religious cleansing that will soon prove to be a historic disaster for Christians and Muslims alike."<ref name=ForeignAffairs />

===Criticism of New Atheism===
In a 2014 interview, Aslan criticized the "armchair atheism" of atheists like ] and ] who lack formal training in the study of religion, and who, in Aslan's opinion, are therefore unable to effectively comment on how it shapes human behavior.<ref name=newyorker>{{cite web |title=Reza Aslan on What the New Atheists Get Wrong About Islam|url= http://nymag.com/scienceofus/2014/10/reza-aslan-on-what-the-new-atheists-get-wrong.html |first=Jesse |last=Singal |publisher=New York Magazine |date=October 14, 2014 |access-date=2014-10-20}}</ref> Aslan has also called ] a "buffoon, embarrassing himself every day."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/aug/14/reza-aslan-zealot-fox-news-dawkins|title=Reza Aslan on Zealot, Fox News and Richard Dawkins|first=Sophie|last=Heawood|date=14 August 2013|newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref> He contrasts ] with the "philosophical atheism" of earlier thinkers who "were experts in religion, and so they were able to offer critiques of it that came from a place of knowledge, from a sophistication of education, of research."<ref name=newyorker/>

On September 29, 2014, Antonia Blumberg in '']'' stated that Aslan, on CNN, "criticized comedian ] for characterizing ] as an 'Islamic problem,' in addition to making several other sweeping generalizations about the faith."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/30/reza-aslan-bill-maher_n_5907612.html|title=Reza Aslan Blasts Bill Maher, Media For 'Unsophisticated' Reporting On Islam|last=Blumberg|first=Antonia|date=30 September 2014|work=The Huffington Post|access-date=4 October 2014|quote=Reza Aslan has a thing or two to say about media coverage of Islam. Speaking in that CNN interview, Aslan criticized comedian Bill Maher for characterizing female genital mutilation as an "Islamic problem" and making several other sweeping generalizations about the faith. "When it comes to the topic of religion, he's not very sophisticated in the way that he thinks," Aslan said.}}</ref> Aslan was reported as saying "To say 'Muslim countries', as though Pakistan and Turkey are the same ... it's frankly, and I use this word seriously, stupid!" His criticism was not just of Maher but of how Muslims are portrayed in mainstream media.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/10/01/reza-aslan-slams-the-bigoted-media-for-generalisation-that-muslims-are-misogynistic-and-violent_n_5915176.html|title=Reza Aslan Slams 'Bigoted' Media For Generalisation That Muslims Are Misogynistic And Violent|date=1 October 2014|work=The Huffington Post|access-date=4 October 2014}}</ref> Prachi Gupta, in '']'', wrote that Aslan believed that the U.S. was partnering with ] while simultaneously condemning ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/2014/09/30/reza_aslan_takes_down_bill_mahers_facile_arguments_on_islam_in_just_5_minutes/|title=Reza Aslan takes down Bill Maher's "facile arguments" on Islam in just 5 minutes|last=Gupta|first=Prachi|date=30 September 2014|work=]|access-date=4 October 2014|quote=He also pointed out the U.S.'s own hypocrisy in calling out ISIS for its brutality while partnering with Saudi Arabia: "Look, Saudi Arabia is one of the most, if not the most, extremist countries in the world. In the month we've been talking about ISIS and their terrible actions in Iraq and Syria, Saudi Arabia, our closest ally, has beheaded 19 people."}}</ref>

On October 8, 2014, '']'' published an article by Aslan, "Bill Maher Isn't the Only One Who Misunderstands Religion". In it, Aslan wrote, "Bill Maher is right to condemn religious practices that violate fundamental human rights. Religious communities must do more to counter extremist interpretations of their faith. But failing to recognize that religion is embedded in culture—and making a blanket judgment about the world's second-largest religion—is simply bigotry."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Aslan|first1=Reza|title=Bill Maher Isn't the Only One Who Misunderstands Religion|work=The New York Times |date=October 9, 2014 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/09/opinion/bill-maher-isnt-the-only-one-who-misunderstands-religion.html|access-date=17 November 2015}}</ref>

In '']'', Eric Sasson took issue with Aslan's claim in the CNN interview that men and women are treated equally in ] and ] due to the countries having elected female leaders, pointing out that the ] reported a "significant rollback" of women's rights in both countries. Sasson also challenged Aslan's claim that female genital mutilation is a problem only in central Africa, saying that it's also an issue in the predominantly Muslim country of ].<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Sasson|first1=Eric|title=Yes, Bill Maher Is Boorish. But We Shouldn't Be Afraid to Criticize Islam.|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/119762/bill-maher-ben-affleck-islam-debate-we-can-do-better|magazine=New Republic|date=October 9, 2014|access-date=March 10, 2017}}</ref> The television and radio host ] also cast doubt on some of Aslan's claims from the interview.<ref name=DPak>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E9RmAo6XVAA |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211213/E9RmAo6XVAA |archive-date=2021-12-13 |url-status=live|title=Reza Aslan cannot be trusted|work=David Pakman|date=January 11, 2016 |access-date=11 January 2016}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Sam Harris criticized Aslan for blaming individuals rather than Islam as a whole for violence in the Muslim world, calling his approach "post-modernist nonsense."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Illing|first1=Sean|title= Sam Harris talks Islam, ISIS, atheism, GOP madness: "We are confronting people, in dozens of countries, who despise more or less everything that we value"|url=http://www.salon.com/2015/11/25/harris_and_illing_correspondence/|work=Salon|date=November 25, 2015|access-date=March 10, 2017}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Aslan and his ex-fiancée, journalist Amanda Fortini, ended their ] in 2008.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nazaryan|first=Alexander |title=Bad News: When Journalism and Business Collide|url=http://www.thewire.com/entertainment/2013/08/brand-messy-editorial-adventures-startupland/68636/|date=August 29, 2013 |work=] |access-date=December 1, 2014}}</ref> He married entrepreneur and author ], a Christian, in 2011, forming an ].<ref>{{cite news|last=Katz Miller|first=Susan |title=Reza Aslan and Jessica Jackley: A Muslim and Christian Interfaith Family|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-katz-miller/reza-aslan-and-jessica-ja_b_3671342.html |date=September 28, 2013 |work=] |access-date=December 1, 2014}}</ref> They have three sons.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mom.com/kids/40132-reza-aslan-fatherhood-questionnaire |title=Reza Aslan: The Fatherhood Questionnaire |website=Mom.com |date=2017-03-01 |access-date=2020-09-02}}</ref> His aunt is the Iranian-American pop singer ].<ref>{{cite news|last=Hamad Ali|first=Syed |title=Islam's pulse in the US|url=http://gulfnews.com/culture/books/islam-s-pulse-in-the-us-1.837480|date=July 15, 2011 |work=] |access-date=November 17, 2015}}</ref> Aslan is a fan of the professional ] team the ].<ref>{{Cite tweet |url-access=limited |access-date=25 August 2023 |title=Register |user=rezaaslan |number=828353688448094209 |url=https://twitter.com/rezaaslan/status/828353688448094209}}</ref>

==Awards and honors==
* 2014 Intersections Honoree, Intersections International<ref>{{cite web |title=2014 Awards Celebration |url=http://www.intersectionsinternational.org/2014awardscelebration |publisher=Intersections International |access-date=15 April 2014}}</ref>
* 2013 Media Bridge-Builder Award, Tanenbaum Center for Interreligious Understanding<ref name=Tenanbaum>{{cite web |title=Annual Award Ceremony 2013 |url=https://www.tanenbaum.org/events/award-ceremony |publisher=Tenanbaum Center for Interreligious Understanding |access-date=September 26, 2013}}</ref>
* 2013 Peter J. Gomes Memorial Honor, Harvard Divinity School<ref name=PJGHBS>{{cite web |title=HDS Alumni/Alumnae Council Announces Inaugural Gomes Honors Recipients |url=http://hds.harvard.edu/news/2013/03/06hds-alumnialumnae-council-announces-inaugural-gomes-honors-recipients |publisher=Harvard Divinity School |date=March 6, 2013 |access-date=September 26, 2013}}</ref>
* 2012 East–West Media Award, The Levantine Center<ref name=EastWest>{{cite web |title=2012 East-West Awards Celebrate Visions of Cultural Diplomacy |url=http://www.levantinecenter.org/event/2012-east-west-awards-celebrate-visions-cultural-diplomacy |publisher=Levantine Cultural Center |date=November 1, 2012 |access-date=September 26, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Nuclear Agreement with Iran: A Plus for Regional Stability|url=http://28d0so13ppai3ijpls45gl2s4gb.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Scholars-Statement-on-Iran-Deal.pdf|access-date=22 February 2017}}</ref>


==Publications== ==Publications==
*"The Struggle for Islam's Soul", in Will Marshall (ed.), ''With All Our Might: A Progressive Strategy for Defeating Jihadism and Defending Liberty'', ], 2006. * "The Struggle for Islam's Soul", in Will Marshall (ed.), ''With All Our Might: A Progressive Strategy for Defeating Jihadism and Defending Liberty'', ], 2006.
* "Beyond Fundamentalism: Confronting Religious Extremism in the Age of Globalization", Penguin Random House, 2010.
*"From Here to Mullahcracy", in ] (ed.), ''My Sister, Guard Your Veil; My Brother, Guard Your Eyes: Uncensored Iranian Voices'', ], 2006.
*"Losing the War", in Gilbert H. Muller (ed.), ''The New World Reader'', CUNY Press, 2010. * "From Here to Mullahcracy", in ] (ed.), ''My Sister, Guard Your Veil; My Brother, Guard Your Eyes: Uncensored Iranian Voices'', ], 2006.
* "Losing the War", in Gilbert H. Muller (ed.), ''The New World Reader'', CUNY Press, 2010.
*''How to Win a Cosmic War'', published in paperback as ''Beyond Fundamentalism: Confronting Religious Extremism in a Globalized Age'', 2010.
* ''How to Win a Cosmic War'', published in paperback as ''Beyond Fundamentalism: Confronting Religious Extremism in a Globalized Age'', ], 2010.
*''Tablet & Pen: Literary Landscapes from the Modern Middle East'' (editor), ], 2011.
*''Muslims and Jews in America: Commonalities, Contentions, and Complexities'' (co-editor), ], 2011. * ''Tablet & Pen: Literary Landscapes from the Modern Middle East'' (editor), ], 2011.
* ''Muslims and Jews in America: Commonalities, Contentions, and Complexities'' (co-editor), ], 2011.
*'']'', ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.randomhouse.com/book/201653/zealot-by-reza-aslan%7ctitle=Zealot%7cwork=Randomhouse.com|title=Zealot|work=PenguinRandomhouse.com}}</ref> 2013.
* '']'', ], 2013.
* '']'', ], 2012.
* ''God: A Human History'', ], 2017.
* ''A Kid's Book About Israel and Palestine'', , 2024.


==References== ==References==
{{reflist|30em}} {{Reflist}}


==External links== ==External links==
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*{{Official website|http://rezaaslan.com/ }} * {{Official website}}
* {{IMDb name|1892643}}
*{{worldcat id|id=lccn-n2004-49521}}
*{{IMDb name|1892643}} * {{C-SPAN|1014604}}
*{{C-SPAN|Reza Aslan}}


{{Authority control}} {{Authority control}}


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Latest revision as of 14:25, 20 November 2024

Iranian-US scholar of religious studies

Reza Aslan
Aslan in 2023
Born (1972-05-03) May 3, 1972 (age 52)
Tehran, Iran
CitizenshipIranian-American
EducationSanta Clara University (BA)
Harvard University (MTS)
University of Iowa (MFA)
University of California, Santa Barbara (PhD)
Occupation(s)Scholar, writer, and TV host
Organization(s)Aslan Media Inc., BoomGen Studios
Notable workNo God but God
Zealot
Spouse Jessica Jackley ​(m. 2011)
Children3
RelativesLeila Forouhar (aunt)

Reza Aslan (Persian: رضا اصلان, IPA: [ˈɾezɒː æsˈlɒːn]; born May 3, 1972) is an Iranian-American scholar of sociology, writer, and television host. A convert to evangelical Christianity from Shia Islam as a youth, Aslan eventually reverted to Islam but continued to write about Christianity. He has written four books on religion: No God but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam, Beyond Fundamentalism: Confronting Religious Extremism in the Age of Globalization, Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth, God: A Human History and in 2022 An American Martyr in Persia: The Epic Life and Tragic Death of Howard Baskerville.

Aslan has worked for television, including a documentary series exploring world religions on CNN called Believer, and served as an executive producer on the HBO drama series The Leftovers. Aslan is a member of the American Academy of Religion and the International Qur'anic Studies Association. He is a professor of creative writing at University of California, Riverside, and a board member of the National Iranian American Council (NIAC).

Background

Aslan's family came to the United States from Tehran in 1979, fleeing the Iranian Revolution. He grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area. Aslan says that he "spent the 1980s pretending to be Mexican" due to the amount of discrimination faced by Iranian Americans. He attended Del Mar High School in San Jose, and graduated class of 1990. In the early 1990s, Aslan taught courses at De La Salle High School in Concord, California.

Aslan holds a B.A. in religious studies from Santa Clara University, a Master of Theological Studies (MTS) from Harvard Divinity School, a Master of Fine Arts (M.F.A.) in fiction writing from the University of Iowa's Writers' Workshop, and a Ph.D. in sociology from the University of California, Santa Barbara. His 2009 dissertation, "Global Jihadism as a Transnational Social Movement: A Theoretical Framework", discusses contemporary Muslim political activism.

In August 2000, while serving as the Truman Capote Fellow at the Iowa Writers' Workshop, Aslan was a visiting faculty member in Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Iowa.

Aslan was the 2012–13 Wallerstein Distinguished Visiting Professor at the Drew University Center on Religion, Culture & Conflict.

An Adjunct Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations from 2012 to 2013, he is also a member of the Los Angeles Institute for the Humanities, and the Pacific Council on International Policy. He has served as Legislative Assistant for the Friends Committee on National Legislation in Washington D.C., and was elected President of Harvard's Chapter of the World Conference of Religions for Peace. Aslan also serves on the board of directors of the Ploughshares Fund, which gives grants for peace and security issues, PEN Center USA, a writer's advocacy group, and he serves on the national advisory board of The Markaz (formerly the Levantine Cultural Center), a program to promote peace between Americans and the Arab/Muslim world. He also serves on the board of trustees for the Chicago Theological Seminary and is on the advisory board of the Yale Humanist Community.

Religious views

Aslan was born into a Twelver Shia Muslim family. He converted to evangelical Christianity at the age of 15, and converted back to Islam the summer before attending Harvard. Aslan completed his Harvard degree in 1999. In 2005, The Guardian called him "a Shia by persuasion". In a 2013 interview with WNYC host Brian Lehrer, Aslan said: "I'm definitely a Muslim and Sufism is the tradition within Islam that I most closely adhere to." In a 2013 article in The Washington Post, Aslan stated: "It's not I think Islam is correct and Christianity is incorrect. It's that all religions are nothing more than a language made up of symbols and metaphors to help an individual explain faith." In 2014, in an interview with Cenk Uygur of The Young Turks, Aslan described Islam as:

a man-made institution. It's a set of symbols and metaphors that provides a language for which to express what is inexpressible, and that is faith. It's symbols and metaphors that I prefer, but it's not more right or more wrong than any other symbols and metaphors. It's a language; that's all it is.

Career

Aslan speaking at Roanoke College, 18 April 2012

Writing

Aslan has published four books, edited two anthologies, and frequently writes for different media outlets.

Books

No God but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam
Main article: No God but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam

No god but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam is a non-fiction book published in 2005. The book describes the history of Islam and argues for a liberal interpretation of the Islamic religion. It blames Western imperialism and self-serving misinterpretations of Islamic law by past scholars for the current controversies within Islam, challenging the "Clash of Civilizations" thesis.

How to Win a Cosmic War (a.k.a. Beyond Fundamentalism)

In 2009, Aslan published his second book, How to Win a Cosmic War: God, Globalization, and the End of Terror. The next year, it was re-released in paperback as Beyond Fundamentalism: Confronting Religious Extremism in the Age of Globalization. The book is both a study of the ideology fueling Al Qaeda, the Taliban and like-minded militants throughout the Muslim world, and an exploration of religious violence in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Aslan argues that the United States is fighting a similar war by infusing the War on Terror with its religiously polarizing rhetoric. This war, he asserts, cannot be won.

Aslan refers to Al Qaeda's jihad against the West as "a cosmic war", distinct from holy war, in which rival religious groups are engaged in an earthly battle for material goals. "A cosmic war is like a ritual drama in which participants act out on earth a battle they believe is actually taking place in the heavens." American rhetoric of "war on terrorism", Aslan says, is in precise "cosmic dualism" to Al Qaeda's jihad. Aslan distinguishes Islamism and Jihadism. Islamists have legitimate goals and can be negotiated with, unlike Jihadists, who dream of an idealized past of a pan-Islamic, borderless "religious communalism". Aslan's prescription for winning the cosmic war is not to fight but to engage moderate Islamic political forces in the democratic process. "Throughout the Middle East, whenever moderate Islamist parties have been allowed to participate in the political process, popular support for more extremist groups has diminished."

The New Yorker called Beyond Fundamentalism a "thoughtful analysis of America's War on Terror". The Washington Post added that it "offers a very persuasive argument for the best way to counter jihadism."

Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth
Main article: Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth

Aslan's book Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth (2013) is an historical account of the life of Jesus, which analyzes the various religious perspectives on Jesus, as well as the creation of Christianity. In the book, Aslan argues that Jesus was a political, rebellious, and eschatological Jew whose proclamation of the coming kingdom of God was a call for regime change to end Roman hegemony over Roman Judea and end a corrupt and oppressive aristocratic priesthood.

God: A Human History

In this book, published by Random House in 2017, Aslan explains in an accessible scholarly style the history of religion and a theory of why and how humans started thinking about supernatural beings and eventually God.

An American Martyr in Persia: The Epic Life and Tragic Death of Howard Baskerville

On October 11, 2022, W. W. Norton & Company published Aslan's book about Howard Baskerville. Kirkus Reviews called it "an intriguing read that breathes life into a pivotal moment of Persian/Iranian history".

Other writing

Aslan has written articles for The Daily Beast as a contributing editor. He has also written for various newspapers and periodicals, including the Los Angeles Times, The New York Times and The Washington Post, Slate, The Boston Globe, The Guardian, The Nation, and The Christian Science Monitor.

Work as editor

Tablet and Pen: Literary Landscapes from the Modern Middle East, an anthology he edited and published, appeared in 2011. In collaboration with Words Without Borders, Aslan worked with a team of three regional editors and seventy-seven translators, amassing a collection of nearly 200 pieces originally written in Arabic, Persian, Urdu, and Turkish, many presented in English for the first time.

Muslims and Jews in America: Commonalities, Contentions, and Complexities (2011) co-edited with Abraham's Vision founder Aaron J. Hahn Tapper, is a collection of essays exploring contemporary Jewish–Muslim relations in the United States and the distinct ways in which these two communities interact with one another in that context.

Business ventures

Aslan Media

Aslan founded Aslan Media, a media platform offering alternative coverage of the Middle East and its global diaspora communities.

BoomGen Studios

In 2006, Aslan partnered with Iranian American cinematographer and producer Mahyad Tousi to create BoomGen Studios, a studio and production company focused on bringing stories from and about the Middle East to American audiences. Projects that they consulted on include National Geographic's Amreeka; Disney's Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time and the Broadway adaptation of Aladdin; the Weinstein Company's Miral; Relativity Media's Desert Dancer; Fork Films' The Trials of Spring; Jon Stewart's directorial debut Rosewater; and 2014 Oscar-nominated documentary The Square.

Of Kings and Prophets

In January 2015, BoomGen announced that ABC picked up its biblical epic, Of Kings and Prophets, a dramatic retelling of the central story in the Hebrew Bible: the story of King David from shepherd to king. The series followed an ensemble of characters, including Saul and David, the successive Kings of Israel, their families, and their political rivals. Of Kings and Prophets was set in the Kingdom of Israel but filmed in Cape Town, South Africa. Aslan, Tousi, and Jason Reed served as executive producers on the show.

TV projects

The Leftovers

In 2015, Aslan joined the popular HBO series The Leftovers as a consulting producer for both its second and third seasons. In addition to helping craft the show's foundation, Aslan was integral to shaping protagonist Kevin Garvey's season two character arc.

Rough Draft

In March 2016, cable network Ovation premiered Rough Draft with Reza Aslan, a fast-paced and timely talk show featuring Aslan conversing with critically acclaimed authors and writers in film, TV, and journalism.

Believer

In 2015, Aslan began production on the "spiritual travel series" Believer, a documentary series that follows Aslan as he immerses himself and experiences various religious traditions internationally, focusing on sects considered fringe and disreputable by larger religions. The program, which Aslan compared to Anthony Bourdain: Parts Unknown was part of CNN's original programming lineup and premiered in March 2017.

The first episode focused on the Aghori sect of Hinduism. Aslan was accused of sensationalism and anti-Hinduism when Aslan ate part of a human brain while meeting Aghori sadhus. The United States India Political Action Committee said in a statement that "ith multiple reports of hate-fueled attacks against people of Indian origin from across the U.S., the show characterizes Hinduism as cannibalistic, which is a bizarre way of looking at the third largest religion in the world." Vamsee Juluri, professor of media studies at the University of San Francisco, described the episode as "reckless, racist, and anti-immigrant", while Aseem Shukla of the Hindu American Foundation accused Aslan of being "poorly informed", circulating "common stereotypical misconceptions" about Hinduism and indulging in "religion porn" "to grab ratings", with the "most clichéd, spurious conflations of the Hindu religion with the caste system".

US Congresswoman Tulsi Gabbard compared the show to "touring a zoo". The show has also been criticized for saying that Varanasi was called "the city of the dead", calling the immersion of ashes "dumping", presenting the Aghors as an exception in their struggle against the caste system, and claims he misunderstood the distinction between Varna and Jāti, and the notion of God in Hinduism. The organizations American Hindus Against Defamation (AHAD) and the Hindu American Foundation (HAF) have also both questioned why Aslan's show does not cover Islam, his own religion. Aslan said that he had planned to cover the Ashura festival in Pakistan but abandoned the plan because of insurance costs. He pledged to cover Islam if Believer had a second series. On June 9, 2017, CNN announced that it had "decided to not move forward with production" on Aslan's Believer series after his anti-Trump tweets were criticized because of vulgar language used shortly before June 9, 2017.

Aslan defended the episode in a Facebook post.

Allah in the Family

Aslan (along with Andrew Reich) wrote a sitcom pilot titled "Allah in the Family" based on his experiences as an Iranian immigrant growing up in Oklahoma. ABC bought the pilot but it has yet to go into production.

Remarks about President Trump

After the 2017 London Bridge attack, Aslan took to Twitter to call President Donald Trump "a piece of shit" and a "man-baby" for his response to the attack. On June 9, 2017, in response to his remarks, CNN decided to cut ties with Aslan and announced they would not move forward with season two of the Believer series. Aslan said of the cancellation, "I am not a journalist. I am a social commentator and scholar. And so I agree with CNN that it is best that we part ways."

Other media appearances

Aslan has made numerous appearances on TV and radio, including National Public Radio (NPR), Spirited Debate on Fox News, PBS, The Rachel Maddow Show, Meet the Press, The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, The Colbert Report, Anderson Cooper 360°, Hardball, Nightline, Real Time with Bill Maher, Fareed Zakaria GPS, and ABC Australia's Big Ideas.

2013 Fox News interview

On July 26, 2013, Aslan was interviewed on Spirited Debate, a Fox News webcast by Chief Religion Correspondent Lauren Green about his book Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth. Green was "unsatisfied with Aslan's credentials," and she pressed Aslan, questioning why a Muslim would write about Jesus. Aslan answered, "Because it's my job as an academic. I am a professor of religion, including the New Testament. That's what I do for a living." The interview lasted about ten minutes and focused "on Aslan's background more than the actual contents of the book." The video clip of the interview went viral within days and the book, which was up to that point selling "steadily", appeared at the 4th place on The New York Times print hardcover best-seller list. By late July 2013, it was topping the U.S. best-seller list on Amazon.

Following Aslan's interview with Fox News, Elizabeth Castelli, professor of religion at Barnard College, Columbia University, reported a sense of outrage in academia, writing "Those of us in the academic field of religious studies, especially biblical scholars and historians of early Christianity, found the whole business deeply cringe-worthy. The Fox News interview was not just embarrassing but downright offensive. The anti-Muslim bias of Fox is well-documented and is bad enough, whatever the specific context. For scholars of religion, Green's conflation of the academic study of religion with personal religious identification is a familiar misunderstanding."

Despite Elizabeth Castelli's dismissal of Fox News for questioning Aslan as a religious scholar, as she acknowledged Aslan could claim as a scholar of "history-of-religions", she dismissed his claims of being a historian. She wrote "History of religions is ... a particular disciplinary approach... often associated in the United States with the University of Chicago and the University of California at Santa Barbara, where Aslan earned his PhD in sociology. To the extent that he did coursework in the UCSB Religious Studies department, he can certainly lay claim ... But his claims are more grandiose than that and are based on his repeated public statements that he speaks with authority as a historian. He has therefore reasonably opened himself to criticism." The Atlantic concurred with Prof. Castelli's acknowledgment of Aslan's religious credentials.

In The Washington Post, the journalist Manuel Roig-Franzia concurred with Prof. Castelli's critique of Aslan's historian credentials, noting that Aslan's university does not offer degrees in the history or the sociology of religion and writing that Aslan "boasts of academic laurels he does not have." However, he quoted Aslan's dissertation adviser, Mark Juergensmeyer, who acknowledged that their departments "don't have a degree in sociology of religions as such" but said that he "doesn't have a problem with Aslan's characterization of his doctorate, noting ... did most of his course work in religion" and his arrangement of getting Aslan out of the religious studies department into the sociology department "was undertaken to get Aslan out of time-consuming required language courses". The Philadelphia Inquirer also noted UCSB "is famous for its interdisciplinary program—students tailor their studies around a topic, not a department. They choose a department only for the diploma."

Academia

He is a professor of creative writing at University of California, Riverside and a board member of the National Iranian American Council (NIAC).

Professional membership

Aslan is a sitting member of the advisory board for the National Iranian American Council. In 2015 as a member of the group, he joined with 73 other "prominent International Relations and Middle East scholars" in signing a statement of support for the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an international agreement regarding the Iranian nuclear program.

Political analysis

Analysis of War on Terrorism

Reza Aslan at the Miami Book Fair International 2013

Aslan refers to Al Qaeda's jihad against the West as "a cosmic war", distinct from holy war, in which rival religious groups are engaged in an earthly battle for material goals. "A cosmic war is like a ritual drama in which participants act out on earth a battle they believe is actually taking place in the heavens." American rhetoric of "war on terrorism", Aslan says, opposes Al Qaeda's jihad within this very structure of "cosmic dualism". Aslan draws a distinction between Islamism and Jihadism. Islamists have legitimate goals and can be negotiated with, unlike Jihadists, who dream of an idealized past of a pan-Islamic, borderless "religious communalism". Aslan's prescription for winning the cosmic war is not to fight but to engage moderate Islamic political forces in the democratic process. "Throughout the Middle East, whenever moderate Islamist parties have been allowed to participate in the political process, popular support for more extremist groups has diminished."

Protection of religious freedom

Aslan has argued for religious freedom and protection for religious minorities throughout the Middle East. He has called for Iran to protect and stop the "horrific human rights abuses" against its Baháʼí community. Aslan has also said that the persecution and displacement of Middle Eastern Christian communities "is nothing less than a regional religious cleansing that will soon prove to be a historic disaster for Christians and Muslims alike."

Criticism of New Atheism

In a 2014 interview, Aslan criticized the "armchair atheism" of atheists like Sam Harris and Bill Maher who lack formal training in the study of religion, and who, in Aslan's opinion, are therefore unable to effectively comment on how it shapes human behavior. Aslan has also called Richard Dawkins a "buffoon, embarrassing himself every day." He contrasts New Atheists with the "philosophical atheism" of earlier thinkers who "were experts in religion, and so they were able to offer critiques of it that came from a place of knowledge, from a sophistication of education, of research."

On September 29, 2014, Antonia Blumberg in The Huffington Post stated that Aslan, on CNN, "criticized comedian Bill Maher for characterizing female genital mutilation as an 'Islamic problem,' in addition to making several other sweeping generalizations about the faith." Aslan was reported as saying "To say 'Muslim countries', as though Pakistan and Turkey are the same ... it's frankly, and I use this word seriously, stupid!" His criticism was not just of Maher but of how Muslims are portrayed in mainstream media. Prachi Gupta, in Salon, wrote that Aslan believed that the U.S. was partnering with Saudi Arabia while simultaneously condemning ISIS.

On October 8, 2014, The New York Times published an article by Aslan, "Bill Maher Isn't the Only One Who Misunderstands Religion". In it, Aslan wrote, "Bill Maher is right to condemn religious practices that violate fundamental human rights. Religious communities must do more to counter extremist interpretations of their faith. But failing to recognize that religion is embedded in culture—and making a blanket judgment about the world's second-largest religion—is simply bigotry."

In The New Republic, Eric Sasson took issue with Aslan's claim in the CNN interview that men and women are treated equally in Indonesia and Turkey due to the countries having elected female leaders, pointing out that the Human Rights Watch reported a "significant rollback" of women's rights in both countries. Sasson also challenged Aslan's claim that female genital mutilation is a problem only in central Africa, saying that it's also an issue in the predominantly Muslim country of Malaysia. The television and radio host David Pakman also cast doubt on some of Aslan's claims from the interview. Sam Harris criticized Aslan for blaming individuals rather than Islam as a whole for violence in the Muslim world, calling his approach "post-modernist nonsense."

Personal life

Aslan and his ex-fiancée, journalist Amanda Fortini, ended their engagement in 2008. He married entrepreneur and author Jessica Jackley, a Christian, in 2011, forming an interfaith family. They have three sons. His aunt is the Iranian-American pop singer Leila Forouhar. Aslan is a fan of the professional football team the Las Vegas Raiders.

Awards and honors

  • 2014 Intersections Honoree, Intersections International
  • 2013 Media Bridge-Builder Award, Tanenbaum Center for Interreligious Understanding
  • 2013 Peter J. Gomes Memorial Honor, Harvard Divinity School
  • 2012 East–West Media Award, The Levantine Center

Publications

References

  1. "UC Santa Barbara General Catalog - Sociology". my.sa.ucsb.edu. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  2. "Reza Aslan — Islam's Reformation" (Interview). Interviewed by Krista Tippett. November 20, 2014.
  3. The Washington Post
  4. "The Interview: Reza Aslan". NBC Bay Area. October 11, 2013 . Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
  5. Roig-Franzia, Manuel (August 25, 2013). "Reza Aslan: A Jesus scholar who's often a moving target - Washington Post". Archived from the original on August 25, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
  6. "Is Muslim Academic Reza Aslan More Biased Than a Christian Scholar?". patheos.com. July 29, 2013. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  7. "Stop calling Reza Aslan a fraud and learn how academia works". patheos.com. August 14, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  8. Gottschalk, Keith (April 8, 2005). "Interview: Reza Aslan, Author 'No god but God'". Blogcritics. Archived from the original on March 13, 2013. Retrieved July 28, 2013.
  9. "Dr. Reza Aslan". Drew University. Retrieved July 29, 2013.
  10. Reza Aslan (2009). Global Jihadism as a Transnational Social Movement: A Theoretical Framework (Ph.D.). University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved July 11, 2016.
  11. ^ Castelli, Elizabeth (August 9, 2013). "Reza Aslan—Historian?". The Nation. Retrieved November 17, 2015.
  12. "Middle East and Islamic expert Reza Aslan to speak at UI April 12". University of Iowa News Services. April 5, 2010. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  13. Hochman, Louis C. (September 25, 2013). "Author Reza Aslan, who sees Jesus as a rebel, to speak at Drew tonight". NJ.com. Retrieved September 26, 2013.
  14. Price, Barbara. "(Middle) East Meets Forest". Drew University. Archived from the original on August 10, 2018. Retrieved September 26, 2013.
  15. "List of LAIH Fellows". usc.edu. Retrieved May 13, 2015.
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  18. "Board of Trustees". ctschicago.edu. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  19. "Board of Trustees". yalehumanists.com. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
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  29. Keddie, Nikki R. (April 7, 2005). "Taking History on Faith". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 13, 2016.
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  32. ^ "Book Review: 'How to Win a Cosmic War' by Reza Aslan". Washingtonpost.com. Retrieved November 17, 2015.
  33. "Briefly Noted". newyorker.com. May 11, 2009. Retrieved August 2, 2016.
  34. "Still a Firebrand, 2,000 Years Later". The New York Times. August 5, 2013. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  35. "An American Martyr in Persia: The Epic Life and Tragic Death of Howard Baskerville". Kirkus Reviews (book review). September 22, 2022. Retrieved December 27, 2022.
  36. "Reza Aslan". thedailybeast.com. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  37. "Reza Aslan". clintonschoolspeakers.com. Archived from the original on October 17, 2014. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  38. "Those defending US Constitution from sharia must have failed high school civics". clintonschoolspeakers.com. February 29, 2012. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  39. "Reza Aslan: "Tablet and Pen"". thedianerehmshow.org. November 16, 2010. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  40. "Muslims and Jews in America: A Valuable New Resource". rrc.edu. May 17, 2011. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  41. "Kiva Founder to Speak at Georgia Southern University". eagle-entrepreneur.com. January 18, 2012. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  42. "About". rezaaslan.com. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  43. "ABC Picks Up TV Series Developed by UCR Scholars". ucr.edu. May 19, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  44. "Is The Leftovers' Kevin Garvey a Shaman Ushering People Into the Next World?". pajiba.com. October 14, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  45. "'Leftovers' Producer Reza Aslan on His New Ovation Talk Show: 'It's A Little Bit Raunchy'". Variety.com. January 13, 2016. Retrieved July 13, 2016.
  46. Makarechi, Kia. "Reza Aslan on the Stakes of America's "Crisis of Identity"". Vanity Fair.
  47. "CNN Greenlights Three New Original Series For The 2017 Programming Slate". CNN. May 18, 2016. Archived from the original on May 19, 2016. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  48. "In CNN's 'Believer,' Reza Aslan to aim for a window on world religions". chicagotribune.com. March 21, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
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