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{{Short description|Former village in Korea}}
{{refimprove|date=October 2013}}
{{Distinguish|text=the ], also known informally as Panmunjom}}

{{More citations needed|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement {{Infobox settlement
|image_skyline = NorthKoreaPeaceMuseum2012.jpg | name = Panmunjom
⚫ | translit_lang1 = Korean
|image_caption = The ] which is the only remaining building in the village.
⚫ | translit_lang1_type = ]
|name = Panmunjom
⚫ | translit_lang1_info = 판문점
⚫ |pushpin_map = North Korea
⚫ | translit_lang1_type1 = ]
|latd = 37.956
⚫ | translit_lang1_info1 = 板門店
|longd = 126.677
⚫ | translit_lang1_type2 = {{Nowrap|]}}
⚫ |translit_lang1 = Korean
⚫ | translit_lang1_info2 = P'anmunjŏm
⚫ |translit_lang1_type = ]
⚫ | translit_lang1_type3 = {{Nowrap|]}}
⚫ |translit_lang1_info = {{linktext|판|문|점}}
⚫ | translit_lang1_info3 = Panmunjeom
⚫ |translit_lang1_type1 = ]
⚫ | subdivision_type = Country before the ]
⚫ |translit_lang1_info1 = {{linktext|板|門|店}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|First Republic of Korea}}
⚫ |translit_lang1_type2 = {{Nowrap|]}}
⚫ | subdivision_type1 = Modern countries
⚫ |translit_lang1_info2 = P'anmunjŏm
| subdivision_name1 = {{ubl|{{flag|North Korea}}|{{flag|South Korea}}}}
⚫ |translit_lang1_type3 = {{Nowrap|]}}
| subdivision_type2 = {{flagdeco|North Korea}} Special city
⚫ |translit_lang1_info3 = Panmunjeom
| subdivision_name2 = ]
⚫ |subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{Flag|North Korea}} | subdivision_type3 = {{flagdeco|North Korea}} Ward
| subdivision_name3 = ]
⚫ |subdivision_type1 = ]
| subdivision_type4 = {{flagdeco|South Korea}} Province
|subdivision_name1 = ]}}
| subdivision_name4 = ]
| subdivision_type5 = {{flagdeco|South Korea}} City
| subdivision_name5 = ]
⚫ | pushpin_map = South Korea
| coordinates = {{Coord|37|57|36|N|126|39|54|E|display=inline,title}}
| other_name = Panmunjeom
| image_skyline = North Korean Peace Museum (1976) - Panmunjom.jpg
| image_caption = The original truce building in 1976, after it became the ]
}}


'''Panmunjom''' (also spelled '''Panmunjeom''') was a village just north of the ''de facto'' border between ] and ], where the 1953 ] that ended the ] was signed. It was located in what is now ], ], South Korea and ], ], North Korea. The ] still stands.
{{about||Joint Security Area in Korea|Joint Security Area}}
'''Panmunjom''', located in ], (not Gyeonggi Province) is an abandoned village on the ''de facto'' border between ] and ], where the 1953 ] that paused the ] was signed. The ] still stands, though it is north of the ], which runs through the middle of the ].


Its name is often used as a ] for the nearby ] (JSA), where discussions between North and South Korea still take place in blue buildings that straddle the Military Demarcation Line. As such, it is considered one of the last vestiges of the ]. Its name is often used as a ] for the nearby ] (JSA), where discussions between North Korea and South Korea still take place in blue buildings that straddle the Military Demarcation Line. As such, it is considered one of the last vestiges of the ].


==Location== ==Location==
The site of the former village is 53 kilometers north-northwest of ] and 10 kilometers east of ] and was the meeting place of the ]. The meetings took place in several tents set up on the north side of the Kaesong-Seoul road on the west bank of the Sa'cheon stream. The site of the former village is 53 kilometers north-northwest of the capital of ], ], and 10 kilometers east of ]. The village, a small cluster of fewer than ten huts, is on the south side of the Kaesong-Seoul road on the west bank of the Sa'cheon stream. Meetings of the ] took place in several tents set up on the north side.


The village, a small cluster of fewer than ten huts, was opposite the negotiation site on the south side. The eighteen copies of Volume I and II of the armistice were signed by the Senior Delegates of each side in a building constructed by both sides over a 48-hour period. (North Korea provided labor and some supplies, the ] provided some supplies, generators and lighting to allow the work to continue at night.) The eighteen copies of Volume I and II of the ] were signed by the senior delegates of each side in a building constructed by both sides over a 48-hour period. (North Korea provided labour and some supplies, while the ] provided some supplies, generators and lighting to allow the work to continue at night.)


After the Armistice Agreement was signed, construction began in September 1953 on a new site located approximately one kilometer east of the village; this is the ] and all meetings between North Korea and the United Nations Command or South Korea have taken place here since its completion. The JSA is often ]ously referred to as Panmunjom. After the Armistice Agreement was signed, construction began in September 1953 on a new site, the JSA, located approximately one kilometer east of the village. All meetings between North Korea and the United Nations Command or South Korea have taken place here since its completion. The JSA is often referred to as Panmunjom.


After the war, when all civilians were removed from the DMZ (except for two villages near the JSA on opposite sides of the Military Demarcation Line), the empty village of Panmunjom fell in disrepair and eventually disappeared from the landscape. There is no evidence of it today. However, the building constructed for the signing of the armistice has since been renamed by North Korea as the ]. After the war, all civilians were removed from the ] (DMZ), except for two villages near the JSA on opposite sides of the Military Demarcation Line. After that, the empty village of Panmunjom fell into disrepair and eventually disappeared from the landscape. There is no evidence of it today. However, the building constructed for the signing of the armistice has since been renamed by North Korea as the ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=North Korea Peace Museum - Panmunjom - TracesOfWar.com |url=https://www.tracesofwar.com/sights/85332/North-Korea-Peace-Museum.htm |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=www.tracesofwar.com |language=en |archive-date=2022-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221127121631/https://www.tracesofwar.com/sights/85332/North-Korea-Peace-Museum.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>


== Truce talks and POW issue== == Truce talks and POW issue ==
] ]
] flying a {{Convert|270|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} ]. It is {{Convert|160|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} in height, over ] ("Peace village"), near Panmunjom.]] ] flying a {{Convert|270|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} ], is {{Convert|160|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} in height, over ] ("Peace village"), near Panmunjom.]]
United Nations forces met with North Korean and Chinese officials at Panmunjom from 1951 to 1953 for truce talks. The talks dragged on for several months. The main point of contention during the talks was the question surrounding the prisoners of war. Moreover, South Korea was uncompromising in its demand for a unified state. On June 8, 1953, an agreement to the POW problem was reached. United Nations forces met with North Korean and Chinese officials at Panmunjom from 1951 to 1953 for truce talks. The talks dragged on for many months. The main point of contention during the talks was the question surrounding the prisoners of war. Moreover, South Korea was uncompromising in its demand for a unified state. On 8 June 1953, an agreement to the POW problem was reached.


Those prisoners who refused to return to their countries were allowed to live under a neutral supervising commission for three months. At the end of this time period, those who still refused repatriation would be released. Among those who refused repatriation were ], all but two of whom chose to defect to the ]. Those prisoners who refused to return to their countries were allowed to live under a neutral supervising commission for three months. At the end of this period, those who still refused repatriation would be released. Among those who refused repatriation were ], all but two of whom chose to defect to the ].


A final agreement was reached on July 27, 1953. The United Nations Command, Chinese Peoples Liberation Army and North Korea Peoples Army agreed to an armistice ending the fighting. The agreement established a 4 kilometer wide demilitarized zone along the armistice line, effectively dividing Korea into two separate countries. Although most troops and all heavy weapons were to be removed from the area, it has been heavily armed by both sides since the end of the fighting. A final armistice agreement was reached on 27 July 1953. The United Nations Command, Chinese People's Liberation Army, and North Korea People's Army agreed to an armistice ending the fighting.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10165796 |title=The Korean War armistice |work=] |date=26 May 2010 |access-date=27 November 2022 |archive-date=27 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221127122728/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10165796 |url-status=live }}</ref> The agreement established a 4-kilometer-wide demilitarized zone along the armistice line, effectively dividing Korea into two separate countries.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/armistice-agreement-restoration-south-korean-state |title=Armistice Agreement for the Restoration of the South Korean State (1953) |date=28 September 2021 |access-date=27 November 2022 |archive-date=24 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324113522/https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/armistice-agreement-restoration-south-korean-state |url-status=live }}</ref> Although most troops and all heavy weapons were to be removed from the area, it has been heavily armed by both sides since the end of the fighting.


==See also== ==See also==
{{Portal|North Korea|South Korea}}
*]
*] *]
*] – a South Korean village within the DMZ

'''Villages within the DMZ:''' *] – a North Korean village within the DMZ
*] *]
*]
*]
*]


==References== ==References==
Line 58: Line 68:
== External links == == External links ==
{{Commons}} {{Commons}}
* {{Wikivoyage-inline|Panmunjeom}} {{Wikivoyage|Panmunjeom}}
* The official website of the 2018 Inter-Korean Summit (English)
* Traveller's blog with pictures from North Korea, with webpage dedicated to Panmunjom
* The official website of the 2018 Inter-Korean Summit (Korean)
⚫ * information about the village and its history.
* Traveller's blog with pictures from North Korea, with web-page dedicated to Panmunjeom
*, (North Korea Google Earth) A full mapping of the North Korean side of Panmunjom (including all of the buildings and monuments, the location of the Axe incident, and location of the signing of the armistice), the two major North Korean military lines, and the Northern Line Limit in the West Sea.
⚫ * information about the village and its history.
* *
* *

{{coord|37.956|126.677|display=title}}


{{Authority control}}


]
] ]
] ]
] ]
] ]
]
]

Latest revision as of 08:32, 22 October 2024

Former village in Korea Not to be confused with the Joint Security Area, also known informally as Panmunjom.
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Panmunjom" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Place in First Republic of Korea
Panmunjom Panmunjeom
Korean transcription(s)
 • Hangeul판문점
 • Hancha板門店
 • McCune-ReischauerP'anmunjŏm
 • Revised RomanizationPanmunjeom
The original truce building in 1976, after it became the DPRK Peace MuseumThe original truce building in 1976, after it became the DPRK Peace Museum
Panmunjom is located in South KoreaPanmunjomPanmunjom
Coordinates: 37°57′36″N 126°39′54″E / 37.96000°N 126.66500°E / 37.96000; 126.66500
Country before the Korean War First Republic of Korea
Modern countries
Special cityKaesong
WardPanmun-guyok
ProvinceGyeonggi
CityPaju

Panmunjom (also spelled Panmunjeom) was a village just north of the de facto border between North Korea and South Korea, where the 1953 Korean Armistice Agreement that ended the Korean War was signed. It was located in what is now Paju, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea and Panmun-guyok, Kaesong, North Korea. The building where the armistice was signed still stands.

Its name is often used as a metonym for the nearby Joint Security Area (JSA), where discussions between North Korea and South Korea still take place in blue buildings that straddle the Military Demarcation Line. As such, it is considered one of the last vestiges of the Cold War.

Location

The site of the former village is 53 kilometers north-northwest of the capital of South Korea, Seoul, and 10 kilometers east of Kaesong. The village, a small cluster of fewer than ten huts, is on the south side of the Kaesong-Seoul road on the west bank of the Sa'cheon stream. Meetings of the Military Armistice Commission took place in several tents set up on the north side.

The eighteen copies of Volume I and II of the armistice were signed by the senior delegates of each side in a building constructed by both sides over a 48-hour period. (North Korea provided labour and some supplies, while the United Nations Command provided some supplies, generators and lighting to allow the work to continue at night.)

After the Armistice Agreement was signed, construction began in September 1953 on a new site, the JSA, located approximately one kilometer east of the village. All meetings between North Korea and the United Nations Command or South Korea have taken place here since its completion. The JSA is often referred to as Panmunjom.

After the war, all civilians were removed from the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), except for two villages near the JSA on opposite sides of the Military Demarcation Line. After that, the empty village of Panmunjom fell into disrepair and eventually disappeared from the landscape. There is no evidence of it today. However, the building constructed for the signing of the armistice has since been renamed by North Korea as the Peace Museum.

Truce talks and POW issue

Site of negotiations in 1951
The world's sixth tallest flagpole flying a 270 kg (595 lb) Flag of North Korea, is 160 m (525 ft) in height, over Kijŏng-dong ("Peace village"), near Panmunjom.

United Nations forces met with North Korean and Chinese officials at Panmunjom from 1951 to 1953 for truce talks. The talks dragged on for many months. The main point of contention during the talks was the question surrounding the prisoners of war. Moreover, South Korea was uncompromising in its demand for a unified state. On 8 June 1953, an agreement to the POW problem was reached.

Those prisoners who refused to return to their countries were allowed to live under a neutral supervising commission for three months. At the end of this period, those who still refused repatriation would be released. Among those who refused repatriation were 21 American and one British POWs, all but two of whom chose to defect to the People's Republic of China.

A final armistice agreement was reached on 27 July 1953. The United Nations Command, Chinese People's Liberation Army, and North Korea People's Army agreed to an armistice ending the fighting. The agreement established a 4-kilometer-wide demilitarized zone along the armistice line, effectively dividing Korea into two separate countries. Although most troops and all heavy weapons were to be removed from the area, it has been heavily armed by both sides since the end of the fighting.

See also

References

  1. "North Korea Peace Museum - Panmunjom - TracesOfWar.com". www.tracesofwar.com. Archived from the original on 2022-11-27. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
  2. "The Korean War armistice". BBC News. 26 May 2010. Archived from the original on 27 November 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
  3. "Armistice Agreement for the Restoration of the South Korean State (1953)". 28 September 2021. Archived from the original on 24 March 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2022.

External links

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