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#REDIRECT ] |
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{{Platonism}} |
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'''Platonic idealism''' usually refers to ]'s ] or doctrine of ideas. |
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Some commentators hold Plato argued that ] is an abstraction. In other words, we are urged to believe that ]'s theory of ideas is an ], divorced from the so-called external world, of modern European philosophy, despite the fact Plato taught that ideas are ultimately real, and different from non-ideal things—indeed, he argued for a distinction between the ideal and non-ideal realm. |
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These commentators speak thus: For example, a particular tree, with a branch or two missing, possibly alive, possibly dead, and with the initials of two lovers carved into its bark, is distinct from the abstract form of Tree-ness.<ref name=caps/> A Tree<ref name=caps/> is the ideal that each of us holds that allows us to identify the imperfect reflections of trees all around us. |
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Plato gives the ] as an outline of this theory. At the top of the line, the Form of the Good<ref name="caps"> |
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In the field of philosophy, it has been customary to capitalize |
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words that are concept names, such as "Search for Truth" (or |
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"Goodness" or "Man"). Common ideals are Truth, Kindness, and |
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Beauty. Such capitalization is not common in science, and |
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hence, concepts such as "accuracy" and "gravity" are not often |
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capitalized in scientific writing, but could be |
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capitalized in philosophical papers. |
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</ref> |
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is found, directing everything underneath. |
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Some contemporary linguistic philosophers construe "Platonism" to mean the proposition that ] exist independently of particulars (a universal is anything that can be predicated of a particular). |
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Platonism is an ancient school of ], founded by Plato; at the beginning, this school had a physical existence at a site just outside the walls of ] called the ], as well as the intellectual unity of a shared approach to philosophizing. |
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Platonism is usually divided into three periods: |
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# Early ] |
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# ] |
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# ] |
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Plato's students used the ] as the foundation to his philosophic approach to ]. The hypomnemata constituted a material memory of things read, heard, or thought, thus offering these as an accumulated treasure for rereading and later meditation. For the Neoplatonist they also formed a raw material for the writing of more systematic treatises in which were given arguments and means by which to struggle against some defect (such as anger, envy, gossip, flattery) or to overcome some difficult circumstance (such as a mourning, an exile, downfall, disgrace). |
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Platonism is considered to be, in mathematics departments the world over, the predominant ], especially regarding the ]. |
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One statement of this philosophy is the thesis that mathematics is not created but discovered. |
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A lucid statement of this is found in an essay written by the British mathematician ] in defense of pure mathematics. |
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The absence in this thesis of clear distinction between mathematical and nonmathematical "creation" leaves open the inference that it applies to allegedly creative endeavors in art, music, and literature. |
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It is unknown if Plato's ideas of ] have some earlier origin, but Plato held ] in high regard, and Pythagoras as well as his followers in the movement known as ] claimed the world was literally built up from numbers, an abstract, absolute form. |
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==See also== |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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==Notes== |
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<references/> |
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Introduction |
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Plato is the most significant figure in the ancient times. He sought out the problem of universals and the reality which exists in this sensible world and too in the world “supra-sensible” world. Plato believed that philosophers are the only people who can rule the state righteously and justly. He wrote many writings in order to secure his thoughts. The idea of a society he proposed in his book entitled the republic. Here he had divided the human body into three parts which refers to the life and development of the state. |
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Ideal world |
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He is considered as a idealist, he had given his theory of knowledge totally based on the idea that this world is not the real world rather a world in which the realities have shadows imposed on matter. He given the theory that, world of our sense is not the real world of entities rather these all phenomena we see are merely the shadows of the realities which exists in supra sensible world. For him the universals are existing realities but out of this world. In his theory he started form the pre-existence of soul into the ideal world, further he believed that soul when comes into the body reflects and recollect the knowledge of that which had it experienced in that ideal world. |
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Ideal society |
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The most influential work of Plato is the “Republic” in this book he argued that our society must be ruled by a philosopher. He believed that philosopher is only capable to check and inquire the real nature of things. For concluding this statement he used old philosophies of that time likewise stoicism, skepticism and so on. Philosophers of that age were considered righteous and just because they lived their lives in practicing the virtues. The republic is the state in the mind of Plato which can only be ruled by philosopher and he proposed so many regulations and rules for the philosophers to be dealt with. The society will be just and right if the ruler will rule justly and practice the virtue, at the same time people under him must surrender fully to be ruled by him. |
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==References== |
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* "Plato And The Theory Of Forms", Tim Ruggiero, Philosophical Society, July 2002, webpage: . |
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* ''Plato's Theory of Ideas'', by ]. |
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* ''Platonism and the Spiritual Life'', by ]. |
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* ''IDEA AND FORM. ΙΔΕΑ ΚΑΙ ΕΙΔΟΣ. On the Foundations of the Philosophy of Plato and the Presocratics (IDEA I FORMA. ΙΔΕΑ ΚΑΙ ΕΙΔΟΣ. O fundamentach filozofii Platona i presokratyków)'', by Artur Rodziewicz, 2012 |
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{{Idealism}} |
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{{Philosophy topics}} |
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{{Plato navbox}} |
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] |
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] |
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] |
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] |
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] |
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