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= January 23 =


= December 27 =
== Immigrant spouse naturalisation in Israel ==


== ], Melissa Nathan,&U.S. presidential candidates ==
The article ] says that Israel currently bars nationals of a few hostile countries, most significantly the Palestinian Authority, from being '''automatically''' naturalised when they marry an Israeli citizen. It doesn't say if these people can still live in Israel with another type of status, or if they can '''request''' to be naturalised with a realistic chance of success. Does anyone know the facts please? ] (]) 11:23, 23 January 2016 (UTC)


Black Cube has a wikipedia article, Melissa Nathan is mentioned in the article ]. Both are googleable. My question is if either Black Cube or Melissa Nathan were ever hired to discredit ] or ]? I realize that in Melissa Nathan's case, if she had been hired for that, it would probably have been before she formed The Agency Group PR.] (]) 06:52, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
: Matters of residency and temporary vs. permanent status are handled by the ] ( in Hebrew and Arabic). "]" is a consideration but no guarantee of either residency or citizenship for a non-Israeli marrying an Israeli citizen of any nationality, while Israel's ] covers applications by those of Jewish ancestry. An application by an individual coming from an area designated as "]" would presumably provide a great deal of supportive, documented evidence that "the center of life is in Israel" and posing no security risk. The ] offers this extensive article, "," with relevant information under the headings “'Humanitarian Exceptions': The Violation of the Right to Family Life" and "Difficulties in the Formalization of Status of non-Jewish Spouses." ACRI and other local civil rights and ] in Israel would be knowledgeable about the history and present circumstances of such applications. -- ''] (]) 14:06, 25 January 2016 (UTC)''


:The link should have been to ]. &nbsp;--] 19:16, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
== Toyota model ==


== Griggsville, Missouri? ==
{{multiple image
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What model is this Toyota? I saw no inscription on the front or back. Thanks in advance. ]<sup>]</sup> 16:22, 23 January 2016 (UTC)
:]. Rgds ]&nbsp;<sub>]</sub> 16:29, 23 January 2016 (UTC)
:Hint for future reference: Click on the thumbnail. Scroll down to the Summary section. Read the Description. &#8213;]&nbsp;] 14:49, 24 January 2016 (UTC)
:I now see that you added that Description after receiving the answer from Torana. Never mind. &#8213;]&nbsp;] 15:09, 24 January 2016 (UTC)


The ] article claims (without a source) that he was born in ]. I can find no evidence whatever that such a place has ever existed. There is a ], which is about 20 miles northeast of the IL/MO border (which I think is the river, and presumably was in 1889). Was there really a Griggsville in Missouri, or is this a simple mistake? The only substantive author (to the biographical part of the article) is long departed Misplaced Pages. -- ]'''··–·'''] 20:12, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
= January 24 =
:I can't find an obit for Fiske in Newspapers.com, and the Findagrave entry simply says he was born in Missouri. ←] <sup>'']''</sup> ]→ 21:37, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
: I wondered if it might be something to do with the Mississippi changing its course, but it seems not. However, if Griggsville, Illinois is correct, he could be added to that article's '''Notable person''' section, doubling its complement!
:The 'Missouri' inclusion was (as you may have noted) in the article as created in 2005, so at least we know it's not the result of vandalism.
:I notice that the <u>Un</u>reliable sources IMDb, Rotten Tomatoes and the Internet Broadway Database also state Griggsville, Missouri, which may of course have been taken from Misplaced Pages, and Find a Grave gives merely Missouri. However, The Movie Database does give Griggsville, Illinois. {The poster formerly known as 87.81.230.195} ] (]) 21:42, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
::Indications in Ancestry.com are that he was merely born "in Missouri", not a specific city that I've found. Even though the original article writer has been offline for over 9 years, maybe his email still works? ←] <sup>'']''</sup> ]→ 21:54, 27 December 2024 (UTC)


:: I'm wondering if there is some circular ] between ourselves, Findagrave, and IMDb. I too considered the "moving river" hypothesis, but it's much too far away. -- ]'''··–·'''] 22:42, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
== Azad Hind ==
::: '''' (1977) confirms he was born in Griggsville, Missouri. No danger of citogenesis there. The search term "Griggsville, MO" throws up a few non-Fiske results on Google and Google Books, but I can't find precisely where it is. --] (]) 09:22, 28 December 2024 (UTC) Ah, here we are, it's in ] . --] (]) 10:00, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
::::Griggsville, IL, is also in ] and if you given on that web site you also land in Illinois. The two Pike Counties are direct neighbours, but there's no indication of any common history or even a shift in the state border. --] (]) 10:15, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
:::::That sounds ominous. Also, the more of my Google and Google Books hits I follow up, the fewer check out. The evidence that this place ever existed outside of Fiske's say-so looks rather slight. is one cite from 1907, and there are one or two more from the 19th century, but confusion with Griggsville, IL can't be ruled out. --] (]) 10:46, 28 December 2024 (UTC)


: Thanks everyone. I'll flag the birthplace in the article is questionable (and the whole article as poorly sourced), but I think there's enough uncertainty for me to not "fix" it. And I'll refer to this discussion on the talk page, for the (probably very unlikely event) that some future person cares enough about this rather minor actor to do more thorough research. Thank you. -- ]'''··–·'''] 08:04, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
I was reading our article about ] and I wondered what was the projected territorial extension of their version(s) of Independent India. Was it to encompass all of ], comprehensive of the newly created ]? What about Sri Lanka/Ceylon? Were Nepal and Bhutan ever considered? Thanks! --] (]) 13:00, 24 January 2016 (UTC)
::One thing I noticed in Newspapers.com is that Missouri papers that referred to Griggsville usually made it clear that they were talking about the one in Illinois. ←] <sup>'']''</sup> ]→ 14:08, 1 January 2025 (UTC)
], I just ran a ] search, and all three results were Illinois-related. GNIS sometimes misidentifies locations, e.g. many historic plantations in Tidewater Virginia are misidentified as unincorporated communities, but the concept of them outright omitting something as obvious as a settlement — which certainly would show up on USGS quads — is extremely unlikely. ] (]) 01:07, 8 January 2025 (UTC)


:The Japanese sponsored another anti-British force in Burma called the ], so I expect it would have caused something of a conflict if Azad Hind had tried to stake a claim there. ] (]) 17:47, 24 January 2016 (UTC) : Thanks for following up on this. This leads me to be sure enough that the rather poor source for this claim in the article is just wrong (whether Griggsville, Missouri, or both), and we're better off saying nothing than repeating a claim this weak. -- ]'''··–·'''] 18:41, 8 January 2025 (UTC)


= December 28 =
There is a set of Azad Hind stamps, printed in Germany during WW2. Two values feature a map of their intended state, which clearly does not include either Burma or Nepal. The lack of a land boundary, and rather ambiguous shading towards the edge of the design, makes it harder to say if Ceylon was intended to be part of the territory. <small class="autosigned">—&nbsp;Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 10:45, 27 January 2016 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->


== Why do news reporters name the programme they are reporting for? ==
== NYC–Tokyo flight route ==


is an example by BBC News. ―<span style="font-family:Poppins, Helvetica, Sans-serif;">]</span> ] 05:44, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
According to Google Maps, the ] from New York to Tokyo is about 6,700 miles (10,800 km). This arc heads NNW out of New York and almost reaches ], skirting the ]. Do non-stop airliners fly this route? Has anyone reading this ever flown the route and seen the Beaufort Sea out the window? &#8213;]&nbsp;] 14:44, 24 January 2016 (UTC)


:You have linked to a BBC TV program where at 0:40 the presenter introduces "''Our science correspondent ]"'' who signs off his report "''Pallab Ghosh, BBC News''". His report includes statements by two experts each identified by name and affiliation. The video typifies the high standard of journalism where BBC emphasize distinction between source and editorial content. Incidentally, a good BBC TV reporter tends to become a ] (the likes of ], ], ], ], ], Michael Buchanan and more). <small>Edit: I apologise to Pallab Ghosh for initially misspelling his name and thank Antiquary for correcting me.</small> ] (]) 11:19, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
:I don't know but as an aside, you might be interested in ]. <span style="font-family:monospace;">]</span>|] 15:09, 24 January 2016 (UTC)
::], but I'm sure he's used to it. --] (]) 11:29, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
::As I understand the question, it is not why reporters identify <u>themselves</u>, but why for instance Ghosh does not sign off by simply saying "''Pallab Ghosh''", full stop. &nbsp;--] 10:29, 31 December 2024 (UTC)
:::It's a standard practice, which might even be in their contracts. ←] <sup>'']''</sup> ]→ 11:55, 31 December 2024 (UTC)
::::I seem to recall American channels using clips from the BBC. Such sign offs would serve to identify the source in these cases.--] (]) (]) 17:22, 1 January 2025 (UTC)
::::: THat was my thinking, too. These days they tend to have on-screen watermarks, but reporters still sign off with "Jennifer Superior Bitch, Infinity News. Alex". -- ] </sup></span>]] 20:55, 1 January 2025 (UTC)


== Navigation lights ==
: is a web site that displays the actual routes taken by many airline flights, if the airplane carries an ]. If you search for a particular flight number (say, ]&nbsp;3 or JL&nbsp;4) it will display a list of dates and if you select one of the dates in the past then it will show where that flight went. I tried a few dates, looking at both eastbound and westbound flights, and in every case the route was well south of the great circle. From the routes I saw, I would conjecture that they choose routes that do not pass over Russia; perhaps the Russians don't allow such overflights. --] (]) 05:37, 25 January 2016 (UTC)


Does the fact that aeroplane/ship navigation lights are green and red cause problems for pilots who are red-green colour blind? How do they deal with that? Can they even become pilots? ―<span style="font-family:Poppins, Helvetica, Sans-serif;">]</span> ] 22:49, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
::Yeah, I noticed later that the arc passed right down the middle of ], and I thought of ]. Thanks for the info. &#8213;]&nbsp;] 07:27, 25 January 2016 (UTC)
:::Such flights can and do take a great circle route way up there to the north but sometimes they take a more southerly route. I suspect the jetstream makes a big difference because it's best to fly along it or across it and not against it. Flightradar is a great app and website by the way! Flights between the US west coast and Dubai often take the great circle route over the pole but sometimes go much further south. ] (]) 17:21, 26 January 2016 (UTC)


:I couldn't be a pilot because of my red-green colour blindness, but people with a mild version can apparently - is a link to the UK's Civil Aviation Authority's guidance on colour vision requirements. ] (]) 23:25, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
= January 25 =
::How fascinating. Thanks. ―<span style="font-family:Poppins, Helvetica, Sans-serif;">]</span> ] 00:21, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
:Similarly, red-green colourblind people may not be able to become helmsmen.
:You might think it would have been more convenient to make those lights red and cyan, as far fewer people are red-blue colourblind, but when navigation lights on ships were introduced, bright blueish lights couldn't be made. That only became possible with ]s. Traffic lights and railway signals these days (often using ]s) use a slightly blueish green, so that most colourblind people can see the difference between red and green. ] (]) 11:55, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
::They could have agreed (and still could agree) on assigning distinct flashing patterns, like •••'''——''' and '''—'''••'''—'''•&nbsp;. &nbsp;--] 20:48, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
:::Flashing patterns would be a very poor method for aircraft and probably ships also. Navigation lights are meant to give a quick indication of the relative position and heading of another aircraft/vessel. When seeing navigation lights a pilot instantly has an indication of the relative flight direction of the other aircraft based on which red/green/white lights are visible. Also there are already the ]s, red flashing beacon on the tail at least and white flashing strobes on the wingtips and tail. How could a pilot possibly decode flashing lights reliably enough and quickly enough to determine relative heading? ](]) 18:06, 1 January 2025 (UTC)
::Wouldn't that be a problem because the sky/ocean is blue? I understand that the lights are used at night so it shouldn't be too much of a problem. ―<span style="font-family:Poppins, Helvetica, Sans-serif;">]</span> ] 22:39, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
:::It would involve more complex lighting circuits/equipment and massive world-wide retrofitting, which (I suggest) would be prohibitively expensive, to solve a relatively minor 'problem' more easily answered by simply not employing colour-blind people in the relevant positions. {The poster formerly known as 87.81.230.195} ] (]) 13:12, 31 December 2024 (UTC)
::::Flashing lights have been used on lighthouses for a long time. They use an assembly of lenses and shutters rotating around a fixed light, using a low-friction bearing. This works fine for stationary lighthouses, but is more problematic on moving ships. There's more wear and the lens assembly could jam or rotate at variable speed. Better to use an electric light, switched repeatedly by a rotating switch powered by an electric motor (all available late 19th century), but both switch and lamp have to switch reliably at least a million times. No problem today, but there's still the issue of recognising a flashing pattern if it's intermittently obscured. It's considered acceptable for lighthouses and buoys, which are usually more or less where you expect them to be, but a moving ship may be a different matter. ] (]) 14:45, 1 January 2025 (UTC)
:When I answered telephones and sold passenger tickets for Eurostar I had to pass an ], the same as ] and ]. ] (]) 21:27, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
::Depending on the signalling system, train drivers may also have to discriminate red from yellow/amber. This is less important for road users. And states of tracks and signals are colour-coded on the computer monitors of signalmen, but it should only take a simple software update to accommodate colourblind signalmen. (Yes, there're still some old-fashioned signal boxes in some countries; I've passed the one at ] on my way to Wales.) I don't see the objection against colourblind ticket sellers. ] (]) 11:58, 31 December 2024 (UTC)


= December 29 =
== Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 ==


== Domains ==
Is anyone still searching for ]? It's not clear to me from the article. And who is paying for the search?--]|] 16:43, 25 January 2016 (UTC)
:Yes, there are three ships looking for the aircraft, see . There is information on who is paying for the search at the foot of . --] 16:56, 25 January 2016 (UTC)


Are Eritrea's .er and Belarus's .by ever used in domain hacks? .er could be used in shortcut to Blogger, blogg.er, like goo.gl and youtu.be, and .by could be used in domains such as drive.by and in Nordic place namesmas ''by'' means "village" in Swedish and "city" in Norwegian and Danish. And can South Africa's .za and India's .in be used directly after the main part, such as in piz.za and drive.in? Also, can .pl, .cz, .sk and .hu addresses contain diacritics, such as gdańsk.pl, česko.cz, košice.sk and magyarország.hu? --] (]) 10:10, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
== Language ==


:See ]. ] (]) 11:30, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
I have a question and don't know where else to turn. Hopefully you can answer or direct me to someone/somewhere.
:Plusimpavidus has only answered the last sentencee.
:The answer to the first part is entirely dependent on the policy of the controller of the ccTLD in question, and that controller may or may not publish a policy. Technically, of course they could be used: the government of Tonga sells ] domains to any interested party, as I presume you know.
:According to our article ] {{tq|The Operations and Analysis Centre under the President of the Republic of Belarus allows for anyone (not only for those who reside in Belarus) to register a second level domain such as something.by}}, and it also says {{tq|he .by code is used for domain hack by institutions from the German state of Bavaria (German: Bayern), such as bayern.by, the Bavarian Tourism Agency. Since "by" means "town" or "city" in Norwegian, it's also used by some Norwegian newspapers, such as osl.by for an Oslo newspaper, and trd.by for a Trondheim newspaper}}, however, neither of these statements appear to be sourced. When I just tried it, trd.by seems to redirect to a Norwegian casino site.
:Our articles ] and ] say nothing about whether the ccTLDs are available to anybody outside Eritrea and South Africa respectively. ] doesn't explicitly address the question, but in talking about the use of subdomains it repeats "in India" several times. ] (]) 20:38, 29 December 2024 (UTC)


== Colored asphalt markings ==
I googled my question and could not find an answer. And since I am retired and the kids are gone, I don' have that resource.


What's the purpose of on street grounds? I've seen them in multiple places in ] (typically in non-traffic places, such as sidewalks) where they've stayed for several months or even years without being erased. From what I've read, those marks can be made for some roadworks, but I'm not sure. ]<sup>]</sup> 20:06, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
And since your org deals with languages I hope you can help.


:I've seen them used for several purposes, mostly for marking the course of some underground pipe or cable, but also for marking a distance such as 500m from a given spot. In the first case, there is a sequence of similar markings, not too far apart from each other. In the second case the marking is usually accompanied by a number or some code. &nbsp;--] 20:55, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
I am digitizing some love letters from my grandfather/grandmother from around the turn of the 20th century. I know some of the spelling and terms have changed but one particular word keeps coming up. They keep using the word "unte" and I believe they mean "write". Reminds me of a bank back home that used "trvst" for 'trust'.
::See ]. --] (]) 22:09, 29 December 2024 (UTC)


:In my experience (UK) they appear in preparation for invasive ground works, most recently in our road prior to the installation of the third set of broadband cables under our pavement. Apparently, existing suppliers and their customers get sniffy if new upstart suppliers not only add their own cables, but put a shovel through the existing cables in the process! Different colours may denote gas, water and telecommunication lines.
Have you seen this abbreviation for the word 'write'?
:There is also an occasional rash of markings that outline potholes; whether this is done to guide the repairers of potholes, or as a placebo to pacify local road users, is not always clear. It is possible that the process accompanies the calculation of a cost for the work; the expenditure may not be forthcoming.{{cn}} <span class="nowrap">]&nbsp;<sup>]</sup><sub>]</sub></span> 21:24, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
::Thanks all. ]<sup>]</sup> 11:31, 2 January 2025 (UTC)


= January 1 =
Love your web site. tks <small class="autosigned">—&nbsp;Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 18:55, 25 January 2016‎</small><!-- Template:Unsigned IP -->


== Peugeot's rivalry ==
:Could you upload a sample of that writing? It might just be a peculiar style. As an example, I've seen handwriting from that era where there was an out-of-place lower case "f", until I realized it was a fancified lower case "p". If you count the "humps" in "wri", you'll see that it could possibly look like "un", especially if they fail to dot the "i". ←] <sup>'']''</sup> ]→ 19:09, 25 January 2016 (UTC)


Did Peugeot have any rivalry with other auto manufacturer that became famous or was famous but forgotten, like Lancia and Audi in 1983 and Ford and Ferrari in the 1960s? --Donmust90-- ] (]) 19:15, 1 January 2025 (UTC)
*Yes, the mere fact that handwriting looks like unte when it should mean write is not surprising. The User who asked this question geolocates to Virginia, so he should try going to the local library and asking them for direct help, or, as Bugs said, for them to help him uploading an image here so we can see it. There have also got to be plenty of antiquarians who might help, so if the Original Poster lets us know what big city is closest to him we can probably tell him whose help to seek. ] (]) 22:10, 25 January 2016 (UTC)
:If you look at our article about ] handwriting then at the top there is an example of ]. The letter r is written starting high and finishing low, whereas in the other script at the time, the ], the r starts and finishes high. The more modern ] cursive seems to give yet another form for the r. Could it be something like this that makes for the appearance you are describing? ] (]) 16:57, 26 January 2016 (UTC)


:When does competition rise to the level of rivalry? ] was unexpectedly beaten in speed by ] in the ] race of June 1895. &nbsp;--] 00:07, 2 January 2025 (UTC)
= January 26 =


::Peugeot, Citroën, Renault and ] were the big four French automakers post World War II - and therefore rivals. The first two have merged, Renault is still around, but Simca has disappeared. ] (]) 11:40, 2 January 2025 (UTC)
== Law: Is there any legal system in which the dead can inherit? ==
:::While the Simca brand, after having been acquired first by Chrysler and then PSA Peugeot Citroën, has disappeared, the factory in ] that Simca acquired from Ford France in 1954 is still in full operation.
For example: A boy, whose divorced parents are alive, has already died. Once one parent - having assets - dies, can the dead boy - inherit the assets - and ''consequently'' pass them on to the other parent (although the parents are divorced), in any legal system? ] (]) 10:36, 26 January 2016 (UTC)
:::The Lancia–Audi and Ford–Ferrari rivalries alluded to in the question were not about rivalry between companies, but rivalry between racing teams; see '']'' and '']''. &nbsp;--] 16:03, 2 January 2025 (UTC)
: In the literal sense, it wouldn't be logical. Let's call A the owner of the property who has died, and B is the putative heir, who has also died. In a legal system where B would be able to inherit, it must recognise the dead as being able to hold property. But if the dead can hold property, why would A's property be passed on? It would just stay with A. So you wouldn't have inheritance at all.
: ''Or'', are you asking a more nuanced question? Let's say A is the testator and B is the designated heir. A dies but B has already died (or dies after A's death but before the estate is distributed). You could ask, at that point do you transfer the property to B's estate to be distributed according to B's will or intestacy rules, or do you treat A as intestate because B is already dead? I can see how different legal systems might come up with different answers. But is that what you are asking? --] (]) 12:01, 26 January 2016 (UTC)
::I'm asking from a practical point of view, rather than from a logical one, so I really meant the second option you've suggested. Just to make things simpler, let's assume no will has been made, so the intestacy rules only - should be applied. Now let's have a look at the following case: A boy, whose divorced parents are alive, has already died. Once one parent - having assets - dies, can the dead boy - inherit the assets - and ''consequently'' pass them on to the other parent (although the parents are divorced), in any legal system? ] (]) 13:34, 26 January 2016 (UTC)
:::In Swedish law, in the above situation the grandchildren of the deceased would inherit. You could take it to mean that the dead child inherits and immediately passes the assets on to his or her children, but it's not correct to say that the dead child inherits anything. Both in inheritance law and tax law the inheritance is considered to pass directly to the grandchildren. (I don't think "bequeath" is the right word here, since to me it implies a deliberate action.) If there are no grandchildren (or grand-grandchildren etc.) the inheritance goes to the parents or siblings of the deceased and so on. In the situation you describe with the divorced parents the other parent won't inherit, except by testament of the deceased. ] (]) 17:07, 26 January 2016 (UTC)
::::In other words, the Swedish law is not the legal system I'm looking for.
::::Btw, by "child" I meant a boy/girl, i.e. a very young person who has no children. Due to your response, I've replaced "child" by "boy", and "bequeath" by "pass on" (thanks). ] (]) 17:15, 26 January 2016 (UTC)
:::::Maybe in the Philippines, where divorce is (often) not recognised, but that wouldn't be via the boy. There might be jurisdictions where the divorced partner can make a claim against the estate, but I don't know of any where the dead boy would be a factor in the claim. ] 17:33, 26 January 2016 (UTC)
:::: Well I can think of one example. Chinese law (both ] and ]) have a concept of "inheritance by subrogation", which works in that way, i.e. if the first heir dies earlier, it is that heir's heirs, rather than the deceased's second heir, who steps into the shoes of the first heir. However, the application of the doctrine is limited. It only applies to the children of the deceased and their descendants. So if the child is already dead, I think it would be the grandchildren who inherit, rather than that child's divorced surviving parent. --] (]) 17:47, 26 January 2016 (UTC)
:::::Passing the assets on to the grandchildren, whether in the Chinese Law or in the Common Law or in the Continental Law or whatever, does not prove that their dead parent really "inherits". That's why I'm talking about a "boy" rather than about a "child": As far as I know - no boy can have any children, so if the assets had been passed on to the boy's divorced surviving parent - this could have proven that the dead boy had really "inherited" (probably). ] (]) 18:16, 26 January 2016 (UTC)
:::::::Passing the assets on to the grandchildren, does not prove that their dead parent really "inherits", because they would have inherited anyways - even if no will had been made. That's why I'm talking about a "boy" rather than about a "child": As far as I know - no boy can have any children, so if the assets had been passed on to the boy's divorced surviving parent - this could have proven that the dead boy had really "inherited" (probably). ] (]) 18:59, 26 January 2016 (UTC)
:::::::: I don't quite understand what you mean by "proof" that the dead child inherited. Although the Chinese law operates in the same way as continental law, in legal doctrine it works differently. In legal terms, the child's rights are subrogated to the child's heirs; the grandchildren inherit because they have been subrogated, not because they are themselves primary heirs. It so happens that in Chinese law this right of subrogation extends only to the child's children, but as a matter of law it is subrogation nonetheless - the statute says so in black and white. Had the right of subrogation extended to the heir's parents, legally speaking the mechanism would be no different. --] (]) 19:24, 26 January 2016 (UTC)
::::::::<small>(EC) This seems to be getting offtopic but I guess it depends what you mean by "boy". Under many definitions a 13 or 12 year old male would be considered a child or boy and there have definitely been reports of boys that age becoming fathers. There's much more likely to be doubt over the father than the mother. so it's difficult to be certain which ones are true, but it's likely some are. (E.g. although I'm not sure if we can trust the various sources, this case claims DNA tests .) While puberty generally begins at an older age for boys, we are talking about averages here. It's possible some cases like had DNA tests to, it's just not part of the public record which is intentionally slim. In any case, if the person doesn't have children than it doesn't matter whether they are a boy or a 80 year old women based on what you seem to be asking. ] (]) 19:34, 26 January 2016 (UTC)</small>


= January 3 =
== Population uncertainty ==


== British weather website ==
The ], the ], and the ] all publish ]. At present, these estimates agree within about 1.3% (100 million people). That seems remarkable narrow given that the undercount in the US Census alone was previously estimated at nearly 2% , and many countries probably put less effort into demographics than the US does. In the recent past there were other population estimates that disagreed by as much as 15%. Do any of the organizations estimating total world population provide an official estimate of their uncertainty in determining the global population? If so, is it possible to say which countries contribute the most to the total uncertainty in global population? (Presumably due to a combination of large population and relatively poor accounting.) ] (]) 15:23, 26 January 2016 (UTC)


Is there any British weather website which has daily data for stations in the United Kingdom? The starlingroot.ddns.net is not working anymore, it worked a few months ago. The "Historic station data" page on MetOffice's website has only monthly data, and the MetOffice WOW - Weather Observations Website has only hourly data. And is there any English-language website having weather observations for different cities and countries in Europe, similar to e.g. Infoclimat? --] (]) 13:16, 3 January 2025 (UTC)
:I agree that those results are suspiciously similar. The question you should be asking yourself here is whether these agencies are in fact relying on the exact same underlying data. If they are, then you'd expect them to have the exact same answers - and now we have to explain the 1.3% discrepency. Those kinds of small differences could simply be due to the exact way they use that data - or perhaps on the date they picked it up. Suppose (for example) some countries had reported current population data and others had somehow missed the deadline when the UN picked up the numbers - then the late data arrives and the Population Reference Bureau have better numbers. Since each agency only reports annually - you could see how they could be 'off' by a percent or so. ] (]) 20:15, 26 January 2016 (UTC)


:You might find windfinder.com useful. Although primarily aimed at coastal leisure activities, it also covers inland areas. {The poster formerly known as 87.81.230.195} ] (]) 03:07, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
:Actually, it is not all that surprising that estimates of the world population have a lower relative uncertainty than national population estimates. If you add 100 quantities with the same ], each quantity having a 10% uncertainty, the total will have an uncertainty of just 1%. This is because errors tend to cancel each other out statistically. - ] (]) 13:20, 27 January 2016 (UTC)
:wunderground.com used to have this. IDK about now. ] (]) 18:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC)


= January 4 =
::That's assuming the quantities are of similar magnitude. If China or India's population is out by 10% that won't cancel out easily. ]<sup>(])</sup> 20:27, 28 January 2016 (UTC)


== Goal number one ==
:::True, but even then the effect is significant. If there were just six countries the size of India with a 10% uncertainty, the total (about 7.7. Billion) would have a 4% uncertainty. I used a simple example, but of course reality is more complex. If there is systematic undercounting or overcounting instead of random errors, that will not cancel out. - ] (]) 21:04, 28 January 2016 (UTC)


How do you forgive and forget? <small>(not sure if that's off-topic for the reference desk. if it is, sorry in advance.)</small> ]<sup><small>TM</small></sup> <small>(])</small> 05:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
== Cost of Living in Poland ==
:By deciding to. ←] <sup>'']''</sup> ]→ 06:05, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
::One can decide to forget, but will it work? &nbsp;--] 09:22, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
: is an essay on the topic, by a practitioner of ], that you may (or may not) find helpful. More advice: , and (written from a Christian perspective) . &nbsp;--] 09:32, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
:(], in that I have no published sources for this, though I was taught it by others): Forgiving does not necessarily mean forgetting - it also doesn't necessarily mean condoning. It means not carrying ill will. In my experience, once I see the cost (to me) of bearing the resentment, and how illusory are the apparent benefits of doing so, it is easy to choose to let it go. ] (]) 14:25, 4 January 2025 (UTC)


Shall we forgive the OP for forgetting that we don't offer advice?] (]) 17:38, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
Hello. I'm a 25 year old Indian woman who is thinking of moving to Poland. I've been doing some research on the internet regarding the cost of living in Polish cities, and it would be wonderful if someone on this reference desk could tell me what a middle-tier working woman (staying in a single-room apartment or a studio) should be prepared to spend per month for a comfortable life. I'm fresh out of college, and my requirements aren't much. I need to save up for further studies in the future. What is a reasonable monthly expenditure for such a person? Thanks in advance! (The city I'm looking at in particular is Gdansk.) ] (]) 19:42, 26 January 2016 (UTC)
:{{small|I'd suggest searching the web. ←] <sup>'']''</sup> ]→ 17:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC)}}
:Do you have family already in Poland who you would be moving to live with, or a job offer from a Polish employer willing to sponsor a work permit? I don't think you would be granted a residence permit otherwise. If you have the right to live in Poland, this forum thread gives some comments on living costs: ] (]) 10:42, 27 January 2016 (UTC)
:The injunction does not apply to all advice, but is aimed specifically at giving <u>medical</u> or <u>legal</u> advice. &nbsp;--] 23:14, 4 January 2025 (UTC)


== Westminster Coroner's Court ==
::And to be clear the type of Visa you need is for the ], to enter Poland, see ]. You may need more if you plan to stay for a long time, and even more permissions if you plan to work.--] (]) 20:55, 27 January 2016 (UTC)


I'm trying to research a sudden death that occurred in the London Borough of Merton. Please help me find information about ], also known as "Inner West London Coroner's Court". They appear to have no website, and publish no court listings. They claim that coroners records are closed to public access for 75 years.
I have a job offer from a Polish employer, who will be taking care of my visa and work permit. I need to have a good idea of the cost of living to evaluate the salary I am being offered. Thanks. ] (]) 06:37, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
:Until somebody who knows comes along, our ] shows that the 2014 ] in Poland was Euro 8,278.27 after tax, considerably lower than in Western Europe where it was around 35,000. That may be because it's cheaper to live there or because the average Polish worker earns a minimal wage. The truth probably lies inbetween. ] (]) 22:42, 28 January 2016 (UTC)


But other coroners courts in the UK, for example "London Inner South Coroner’s Court", and say that inquests are public and anyone can attend.
::Maybe you somewhat. 1 Złoty (PLN) is currently worth about 16.5 Rupees. Kind regards ]&nbsp;<sub>]</sub> 22:55, 28 January 2016 (UTC)


Why is there are difference? Why is "London Inner South Coroner’s Court" open to the public, but "Inner West London Coroner's Court" is not? Surely all coroners courts operate under the same laws?
= January 27 =


Thanks for your help ] (]) 12:41, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
== Since when is a pilot called the Captain? ==


:As you can see from coroners' courts are not subject to the Freedom of Information Act. I can assure you, however, that inquests held by the Westminster coroner are as public as inquests held by any other coroner. ] (]) 14:56, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
When did airlines adapt the lingo previously used for the shipping industry and why? The major pilot being called Captain, landing strips being called airports, etc. ] (]) 02:33, 27 January 2016 (UTC)


== Where can I find unmarried men list in Science/Maths? ==
:In the ], the earliest use cited for "airport" or "air-port" is in 1902, but that one refers to a city that is served by aircraft. The next citation, however, is from the London '']'' in 1914 and it has the modern meaning: "every town of importance will need an air-port as it now needs a railway station."


Like ], ], ], ].
:In the OED Online, the first citation for "captain" in reference to a pilot is from an international conference in 1929: the passage refers to the "captain and crew" of an airplane.


I want to ] ] due to his ], ] as he have ] and ] who has ] out of wedlock. ] (]) 14:08, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
:Of course, this does not tell us to what extent other usages competed with these at different times. --] (]) 05:56, 27 January 2016 (UTC)


::How many cities were served by aircraft in 1902? ←] <sup>'']''</sup> ]→ 17:09, 27 January 2016 (UTC) :Do you have any reason to suppose that such a list exists, @]? ] (]) 14:27, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
::Just to encourage ] ] (]) 14:30, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
:::So, you've come here to ask people how to remove from a list that doesn't exist, some names that would probably belong only the list if it existed, because you have some private meaning of "unmarried"? ] (]) 12:56, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
:::If some men don't (appear to) have sexual relationships with women, they're not necessarily demonstrating celibacy - they might be otherwise inclined. ] (]) 11:37, 6 January 2025 (UTC)


: Why did you pipe the correctly-spelled "Isaac" Newton to the incorrectly-spelled "Issac" Newton? -- ] </sup></span>]] 18:37, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
:::Dirigibles? ] (]) 17:46, 27 January 2016 (UTC)
::And do the same strange thing to Nikola Tesla? ] (]) 23:03, 4 January 2025 (UTC)


== Champagne explosion ==
:::::Airships didn't really get going until after the Wright Brothers. ←] <sup>'']''</sup> ]→ 18:54, 27 January 2016 (UTC)


I had an unopened bottle of cheap champagne (Barefoot Ros&eacute; if that matters) left over from NYE, and about 10 minutes ago the thing spontaneously exploded. It had been just sitting there at room temperature. No serious damage but there is champange and broken glass all over the place now, and I'm in the process of cleaning it up. Are these explosions a usual occasional occurrence? I'm used to champagne bottles being thicker than regular wine bottles for obvious reasons, but this one seems on the thin side in retrospect, maybe as an economy measure. Could that be? I'm surprised it doesn't happen on store shelves if it happens at home. Thanks. ] (]) 18:39, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
::::::True. The sentence in 1902 was clearly talking about a future time when aircraft would become practical. --] (]) 02:05, 28 January 2016 (UTC)


:I does happen.<sup></sup> Sometimes a cause can be identified. When a bottle of champagne is stored in a freezer, or a fridge whose temperature setting is too low, the contents may freeze, causing it to expand. This can lead to minute cracks in the glass, weakening its strength. Thawed in a relatively warm environment, the pressure of the gas can then result in fracture. Another potential cause is premature bottling, when fermentation has not run its fill course ands the wine still contains yeast and sugar. (Almost all wine sold as "champagne" in the US, also when labelled "Brut", contains residual sugar to accommodate the local taste.) When warmed up, fermentation resumes and pressure increases. Finally, a small fraction of bottles is damaged in handling or comes with production defects, not detectable through visual inspection. &nbsp;--] 22:42, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
::::I will note that the captain of a ship is ''never'' called the pilot. The captain of a ship may take on a pilot in approaching or leaving a harbor or in transiting a strait. A maritime pilot is a mariner who is an expert on a particular body of water. To be sure, when the pilot is on the bridge, they are the master of the ship in the same way as the captain otherwise is. ] (]) 17:56, 27 January 2016 (UTC)
::Thanks. No idea about refrigeration before I bought it, but I got it off the shelf at a big supermarket, carried it home, and it sat in the exact same place in the room for several days before going kablooie. All I can think of is that carrying it home might have bumped it around or something. Oh well, no big deal in the scheme of things. ] (]) 01:20, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
::The traditional method of making ] requires freezing it in the bottle, so I suppose most bottles are designed to handle that – although freezing from the bottom up is safer than top-down, as it creates no plug of ice between the liquid and the gas. If not using the traditional method, or if the wine doesn't come from the Champagne region, many countries (including all of the EU) forbid selling it under the name Champagne. The US however hasn't got that restriction.
::Wines freeze around -5°C, so accidental freezing in a fridge set too cold seems unlikely. ] (]) 11:15, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
:::In this case the bottle had not been opened, but the cold liquid carbonated contents of a closed bottle may freeze upon opening due to cooling by ] of the CO<sub>2</sub>. &nbsp;--] 13:57, 5 January 2025 (UTC)


:::::I wouldn't be so sure of that. I recall one case where the pilot was so incompetent that, fearing for the safety of his passengers, the captain took over. ] (]) 18:13, 27 January 2016 (UTC) Once upon a time ] used to come in ] glass bottles, and I read somewhere that this would happen from time to time with the larger sizes. And indeed, sometime around 1980 a large bottle of Coca-Cola, probably 1.5 liters, exploded while sitting in my cupboard. --] (]) 02:51, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
::::::IIRC, the Captain of a ship is responsible for it, even when his first-mate (and he's off-duty, sleeping), or a harbour-pilot is at the tiller. ] (]) 19:07, 27 January 2016 (UTC)


== Organizations ==
::EO claims the term "airport" dates to 1910. ←] <sup>'']''</sup> ]→ 18:54, 27 January 2016 (UTC)
:::That's when Bader Field, outside Atlantic City, New Jersey, opened, but it wasn't called an airport until 1919. ] 19:02, 27 January 2016 (UTC)
::::And indeed that's the date that that source gives for "airport". The OED's 1914 beats it. --] (]) 02:05, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
::Following up from the London ''Times'' citation mentioned above, I wonder why aviation followed the nautical terminology ("airport" '']'' "seaport") instead of adapting from land travel ("aeroplane station" ''cf.'' "railway station")? <font face="Century Gothic">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;→&nbsp;]&nbsp;]&nbsp;]&nbsp;]</font> 04:03, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
::: Not an answer, but navies have ]s, which to me sound quite cool and sci-fi. --] (]) 09:52, 28 January 2016 (UTC)


Are there any international organizations headquartered in Australia, similar to UN and World Bank are headquartered in the US? --] (]) 22:04, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
:In the UK, there was an early distinction between an airfield and and airport. The latter being set up for international flights. In that context, on an island - the use of "Port" rather than "Station" makes sense because it's a 'portal' into the country, just like a sea port. In the UK (before the channel tunnel) there was no way for a train or a car to travel internationally other than by air or sea - and in both cases, you'd use a "port". I don't think the US usage of the terms match up in quite the same way - and things are getting blurred by the passage of time.
:We have a ]. &nbsp;--] 23:05, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
: On an aircraft, the distinction between "pilot" and "captain" is that there can be two people who 'pilot' the aircraft - but only one of them is in ultimate command (the 'captain') - so all captains are pilots - but only some pilots are captains. ] (]) 14:37, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
:Isn't this more or less ]? ]|] 09:55, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
::The official aviation terms are "]" and "pilot flying" (or "handling pilot"). I don't think "captain" has any official meaning in aviation (as opposed to being a useful term to reassure airline passengers), but I may be wrong. ] (]) 20:33, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
::An international organization is a completely different thing from a multinational company. --] 11:38, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
:::yes but both questions are easily answered with even the most cursory research and 40bus here seems to have a habit of asking research questions. ] (]) 17:37, 7 January 2025 (UTC)


= January 6 =
:::Sadly, the word ] fell out of favour in the UK after the Second World War, but was widely used instead of airport before that. See . ] (]) 22:32, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
::::The term is still in use for the smaller airfields - , , and are a few quick examples. ] (]) 22:42, 28 January 2016 (UTC)


==Replacement for my My Yahoo page==
== Lowest temperature of Dubai ==
Not sure this is the correct venue, but here goes.


Yahoo have shut down all personal My Yahoo pages. For those who don't use Yahoo, your My Yahoo page was sort of your own personal webpage, where you could have various modules that interested you displayed (e.g. cartoons, horoscopes, travel, finance etc). Yahoo have closed My Yahoo down. A big feature of my personal My Yahoo page was that it had loads of links to my favourite websites. This loss is the one that is hurting most.
Hi!<br />
What's the lowest temperature ever measured in Dubai?<br />
] (]) 16:59, 27 January 2016 (UTC)
:According to our article on ], it's 6.1°C (43°F). ] '']'' 17:14, 27 January 2016 (UTC)
::It's ]. But is it the record?--] (]) 17:52, 27 January 2016 (UTC)


Any suggestions as to a replacement? ] (]) 10:15, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
== Am I being scammed? ==
:MSN.com does that pretty well. --] 10:25, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
{{hat|we cannot give legal or finacial advice, please contact a legal professional}}
::Could you explain in more detail how one can go about to create a personalized web space using ]? &nbsp;--] 12:29, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
So I was in Las Vegas, Nevada, and I while am at a mall, I meet this guy. He claims to be a professional poker player. We start talking about my situation, and he says he's going to give me $1,000. He gives me a $1,000 poker chip. Later, he says he asks what kind of bills I have, and he volunteers to pay off my credit cards. I'm a little skeptical, but the payments from his bank account cleared on two of the three credit cards he paid off for me. One of them, American Express, reversed the payment saying that Bank of America returned the payment because the account number was wrong, which may have been an honest mistake on my part typing in the account number or could be a tell tale sign I'm being scammed. This man says he is giving me $70,000 out of over $300,000 he made in poker winnings and that it's going to be wired into my bank account. We've been hanging out like friends the last couple days. Now, here's what worries me: he's asking me to take out a cash advance on one of my credit cards and send him money via Western Union, he asked me to borrow the American Express card (which is now frozen up) and he would mail it back to me, and he asked to borrow my rental car for a few days. I know the old saying "if it sounds too good to be true, it probably is" and I am very familiar with advance fee fraud, and this is beginning to remind me of the old 419 scams. Problem is, I've already given him some money from cash advance and he's asking for more. So my question is, what can go wrong, and should I report this to the Las Vegas Metro Police as fraud or be happy that someone generous wants to help me? ] (]) 20:58, 27 January 2016 (UTC)
::: would be a start. That link is for UK users, presumably you can customize it to your own country. --] 13:38, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
:Perhaps one of the content curation tools listed , some of which are free, will serve your purposes. I have no knowledge of any of these tools beyond what you find there. &nbsp;--] 12:34, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
:No modules, but there is ]. Actually, I may misunderstand: perhaps you seek a kind of home page which is online but available to you only, mainly for collecting bookmarks. ]&nbsp;] 13:53, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
::For those answering, while it appears to be a question asking how to make a basic list of links, it is not. Yahoo's links page was created by selecting modules through a GUI and then customizing the settings. For example, I could select the comics GUI and then select which comics I want to show up in my links. I don't need to know any of the URLs. I just place a check next to the comics I like. For finance, I add the module with a click and then type in the ticket symbols for the stocks I care about. It automatically creates a daily stock thumbnail with links to news articles about those stocks. So, it is true that there are many available options to create a list of links, there are not as many options to create a custom content page for multiple areas of personal interest. ] (]) 15:35, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
:::The IP is correct, but as I said above, I can live without horoscopes, comics etc. The ability of easily store links to favourite websites is the biggest loss. {{re|Card_Zero}} - it doesn't have to be for me only. I think that using a subpage of my user space will fall foul of ] #5, even though many (but not all) of the websites are used in Misplaced Pages research. ] (]) 15:39, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
::::Does it have to be a website in that case? Why not browser bookmarks? In fact, I believe these days some browsers will let you select bookmarks for a "start page" or "start screen" that is displayed when you open a new window/tab. And if they don't, you can probably find a browser extension that will do that. -- ] (]) 17:20, 6 January 2025 (UTC)


== Major traffic fatality incident, Denmark, 2019 ==
:Sure sounds like a scam to me. Banks and credit card companies help the scammers out by showing a deposit has been made before they verify it. Those "deposits" should all disappear soon. And good luck finding a casino that will take that chip. ] (]) 21:30, 27 January 2016 (UTC)


In 2019, Denmark had a minor spike in traffic fatalities. I feel that the spike is most likely the result of a single accident with multiple fatalities. However, I cannot find any news about multiple-fatality accidents in Denmark in 2019. Everything that I find is related to train accidents, which I do not think Denmark includes in "traffic fatality" counts. Can anyone find a list of accidents or news about a single large-scale accident that might skew the yearly count for 2019? ] (]) 15:25, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
:: ... and even if the money is real, you are probably being used for illegal ]. ] 21:34, 27 January 2016 (UTC)
:::We can get you the number for the local police, if you need it. Otherwise, see our disclaimer on professional advice. ] (]) 21:51, 27 January 2016 (UTC) :First of all, where are you seeing this spike and is it a reliable source? ]|] 09:55, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
::And is it even statistically significant? With unrelated events happening by chance, there will always be fluctuations in number of events by time period. Spikes will occur every now and then, entirely by chance. &nbsp;--] 13:05, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
::::I'm unhatting. It's correct that to point to the ] and say that what you get here is not professional advice, but the question is not asking for medical or legal advice, which means it's acceptable for the Reference Desk. As a personal opinion, I strongly agree with the suggestion to call the police. --] (]) 02:13, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
:::I found (pdf) which seems to go into this matter in great detail. I don't read Danish, but I ran it though Google Translate. The table on page 28 shows that there were 199 traffic-related fatalities in Denmark in 2019, which is more than the two previous years but less than some earlier years. So I agree with the above posters that there is not enough here to constitute a spike. The document doesn't list individual accidents, btw. --] 14:24, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
::::The mean number of fatalities of the 10-year sample given in this Danish report is 194.9, while its ] is 27.3. This means that the 2019 value deviates from the mean by 0.15&nbsp;], which is more remarkable by how little the deviation is. &nbsp;--] 23:54, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
:I saw this before and perhaps you are trying to recreate it. In 2019, traffic fatalities in Denmark increased 20%. But, they were so low that it was a small bump to make that 20% jump. The reason it matters is because the increase was used as the basis to use government funding for more bicycle lanes and improving intersections. But, the increase was not statistically significant and didn't mean anything, so it should not have been used as justification for any changes. Now, from memory, it was a multi-car, weather-related accident in January that added more than 10 fatalities to the yearly count. That was overshadowed by a train accident due to the same snowstorm which killed 8 (I remember it was 8 because most new articles listed 6, but some stated that a few days later, two more bodies were found). So, my gut feeling is that you are intending to show that this "20% spike" in traffic fatalities is really a data artifact created by a single large-scale accident and not representative of general driver behavior in Denmark. Unfortunately, I do not know how to search Danish news. But, if my memory is correct, you can use the date of the well documented train accident in Denmark in 2019 to get the date of the multi-car accident and then, hopefully, find that as well. I doubt you will find it in any English-based news repository. You will have to search Danish repositories. ] (]) 16:17, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
::Yes. That is what I am doing. I found multiple overblown newspaper headlines like "Biggest increase in traffic fatalities in five years! Your mind will be blown when you see the numbers!" and I am using that to demonstrate that while it is technically true that there was a 20% increase in fatalities, the proper context around that increase is that it is negligible and the result of a single event that could have happened on any other year. Basically, it is a presentation on applying context to data and how it is often done improperly. Now that I know there was a multi-vehicle traffic accident at the same time as the train accident I keep finding, I decided to read those articles and many of them comment on the car accident as well as the train accident, but I didn't read through the articles to notice previously. ] (]) 13:15, 8 January 2025 (UTC)


== Neurodiverse dating site ==
:Protip: No stranger is ever going to come up to you and offer to pay off your credit cards. Especially not in Las Vegas. The "send me money via Western Union and I will send you some of it back" is a standard fraud tactic. --] (]) 03:59, 28 January 2016 (UTC)


: For reference - ], what's described by the OP certainly sounds like a Advance Fee Fraud/419 type scam. ] (]) 11:15, 28 January 2016 (UTC) Is there website that shows with neurodiverse person goes well with which other neurodiverse, e.g. ADHD with Autism, Autism with HPI, HPI with dylexsia etc? --Donmust90-- ] (]) 15:55, 6 January 2025 (UTC)


:For any combination of forms of neurodiversity, some persons will go well with each other, while others will not. This depends mainly on other factors, in particular the ] and personal ] of each. &nbsp;--] 12:57, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
:Let's try to break down the story:
:* ''I meet this guy. He claims to be a professional poker player.'' - An easy claim to make - it's hard to verify - and this is Vegas.
:* ''He gives me a $1,000 poker chip.'' - Well, maybe. Is the chip legitimate? Which casino produced it? You can buy pretty-looking poker chips in any denomination on Amazon.com and you get 50 chips for $15. So it's probably worthless. You can find out for sure just by taking it to the casino he claims it came from and trying to cash it in. (But explain beforehand that you don't know if it's real - you don't want them calling the cops on you for trying to pass off a counterfeit poker chip!)
:* ''Later, he says he asks what kind of bills I have, and he volunteers to pay off my credit cards.'' - yes, but those payments can be reversed.
:* ''the payments from his bank account cleared on two of the three credit cards he paid off for me. One of them, American Express, reversed the payment saying that Bank of America returned the payment because the account number was wrong''. How do you know that they 'cleared'? Are you sure you really '''know''' that? Phone the number for the credit card companies and ask them.
:* ''This man says he is giving me $70,000 out of over $300,000 he made in poker winnings and that it's going to be wired into my bank account.'' - as soon as you hear the word "wired" - alerts should be going off. Now he knows your bank account details, your address, your name, your credit card numbers and their balances - you're about to become an identity theft victim.
:* ''Now, here's what worries me: he's asking me to take out a cash advance on one of my credit cards and send him money via Western Union,'' - Oh, really? This guy is a high-roller with $1,000 poker chips in his pocket - why on earth can't he cash one in rather than have you send him money? Right here - you know that you're being scammed.
:* ''he asked me to borrow the American Express card (which is now frozen up) and he would mail it back to me'' - what could possibly go wrong? Again, this guy has a pile of money from his winnings - why on earth would he need your credit card?!
:* ''and he asked to borrow my rental car for a few days.'' - yikes! You are responsible for returning that car. What happens if he swaps out the license plate and drives away into the sunset? The rental car company and/or the insurance company are going to be asking you some very difficult questions - and you may find that you're liable for the full value of the car - insurance or not.


= January 8 =
: So he's given you a (probably fake) poker chip, did he '''really'''' transfer money into your credit card account in an irreversible manner? Maybe not...he could have handed over a fake bankers draft (those take several days to 'bounce' if they are fake - so they may appear as a deposit in your account, then be reversed soon afterwards).


== Anthropology Misplaced Pages page ==
: Now suddenly, he's wanting you to give him money - wanting you to lend him a credit card - wanting to use your rental car. Why? The guy claims to have $300,000 sitting around. Why the heck would he possibly need you to do any of those things?


Does anyone know why the Misplaced Pages page for "Anthropology" jumped to 6 million views on Dec. 25, 2024?https://pageviews.wmcloud.org/?project=en.wikipedia.org&platform=all-access&agent=user&redirects=0&start=2024-12-18&end=2025-01-07&pages=Anthropology
: This is for 100% sure, a scam. But the good news is that you probably still know how to get a hold of him in person. If you talk to the police, then (with your help) they should be able to catch the guy. You should cooperate with them and see if it can happen.
] (]) 23:28, 8 January 2025 (UTC)


= January 9 =
: ] (]) 14:25, 28 January 2016 (UTC)

:As has been said, most likely this is either advance fee fraud i.e. you've been tricked into thinking you received money when you haven't. Or the money is real but stolen i.e. the person who contacted you is going to bugger off with any money you give them while whoever's money it really is is going to come after you or maybe it'll even be automatically reversed. In the unlikely event the money is real and not really stolen, it's still likely to be some form of illicit money laundering. Since you seem to have actually gotten involved, I agree you should contact the police. <s>(If you'd just talked but hadn't done anything, it's not always worth it. These sort of scams tend to be so common that reports of being contacted may not really be followed up. There's of course never any harm in contacting the police other than wasting your time.)</s>Scratch that, I didn't read carefully & see it's in person contact. In that case it's probably always worth telling the police unlike with phone or email or messaging even if you haven't done anything. ] (]) 23:33, 28 January 2016 (UTC)

*I'll take this to ANI if someone unhats it, ] and the guidelines at the top of the page are quite clear. ] (]) 00:43, 29 January 2016 (UTC)
{{hab}}

== ] ==
Trying to find if Rachel Hunter was in Soul Mates as it shows in her Misplaced Pages or is it Rachel House? Under Soul Mates it shows Rachel Hunter.

Kmcclain77 <small><span class="autosigned">—&nbsp;Preceding ] comment added by ] (] • ]) 21:32, 27 January 2016 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

: says Rachel Hunter, and the picture on the cover they have for the movie looks, to me, just like Hunter. -- ]'''ᚠ'''] 21:36, 27 January 2016 (UTC)

:There two different ''"Soul Mates"'' 2014. See and . ] plays "Mum" in the Australian ABC TV series. ] 21:53, 27 January 2016 (UTC)

= January 28 =

== American equivalent of British Council ==

Does the US government has an equivalent of ]? --] (]) 07:35, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
:Probably the ] is the closest equivalent. ] (]) 10:50, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
::See ] which was shut down in 1998. ] (]) 13:30, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
:::I believe its successor is the ]. --]] 18:09, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
::::I saw that, but thought it might be barking up the wrong tree; please correct me if I'm wrong. The British equivalent of that is probably the ]. The part of the agency which ran the overseas libraries seems to have been done away with (we seem to have lost a contribution to this thread which talked about British and US libraries in Lisbon). ] (]) 19:11, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
:::::The ] is responsible for "American Spaces" in "embassies, schools, libraries, and other partner institutions", so they might be another candidate. ] (]) 22:48, 28 January 2016 (UTC)

== ] ==

I just discovered this concept, which is quite fun. ] has some interesting information about people who went on to do well, like play in a Super Bowl, but that might be an average or below average player benefiting from being part of a great team. Has any Mr Irrelevant ever played in a Pro Bowl, which I presume is based on a perception of their individual performances? --] (]) 17:01, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
:] (1961 NFL Mr. Irrelevant) played in two ]s, the AFL equivalent of the Pro Bowl. As the NFL considers the AFL to be a full major league, and incorporates all AFL records into the NFL record books, that should qualify. --]] 18:07, 28 January 2016 (UTC)

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December 27

Black Cube, Melissa Nathan,&U.S. presidential candidates

Black Cube has a wikipedia article, Melissa Nathan is mentioned in the article It Ends with Us. Both are googleable. My question is if either Black Cube or Melissa Nathan were ever hired to discredit John Kerry or Hillary Clinton? I realize that in Melissa Nathan's case, if she had been hired for that, it would probably have been before she formed The Agency Group PR.Rich (talk) 06:52, 27 December 2024 (UTC)

The link should have been to It Ends with Us (film).  --Lambiam 19:16, 27 December 2024 (UTC)

Griggsville, Missouri?

The Robert Fiske (actor) article claims (without a source) that he was born in Griggsville, Missouri. I can find no evidence whatever that such a place has ever existed. There is a Griggsville, Illinois, which is about 20 miles northeast of the IL/MO border (which I think is the river, and presumably was in 1889). Was there really a Griggsville in Missouri, or is this a simple mistake? The only substantive author (to the biographical part of the article) is long departed Misplaced Pages. -- Finlay McWalter··–·Talk 20:12, 27 December 2024 (UTC)

I can't find an obit for Fiske in Newspapers.com, and the Findagrave entry simply says he was born in Missouri. ←Baseball Bugs carrots→ 21:37, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
I wondered if it might be something to do with the Mississippi changing its course, but it seems not. However, if Griggsville, Illinois is correct, he could be added to that article's Notable person section, doubling its complement!
The 'Missouri' inclusion was (as you may have noted) in the article as created in 2005, so at least we know it's not the result of vandalism.
I notice that the Unreliable sources IMDb, Rotten Tomatoes and the Internet Broadway Database also state Griggsville, Missouri, which may of course have been taken from Misplaced Pages, and Find a Grave gives merely Missouri. However, The Movie Database does give Griggsville, Illinois. {The poster formerly known as 87.81.230.195} 94.1.223.204 (talk) 21:42, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
Indications in Ancestry.com are that he was merely born "in Missouri", not a specific city that I've found. Even though the original article writer has been offline for over 9 years, maybe his email still works? ←Baseball Bugs carrots→ 21:54, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
I'm wondering if there is some circular WP:CITOGENESIS between ourselves, Findagrave, and IMDb. I too considered the "moving river" hypothesis, but it's much too far away. -- Finlay McWalter··–·Talk 22:42, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
Who Was Who on Screen (1977) confirms he was born in Griggsville, Missouri. No danger of citogenesis there. The search term "Griggsville, MO" throws up a few non-Fiske results on Google and Google Books, but I can't find precisely where it is. --Antiquary (talk) 09:22, 28 December 2024 (UTC) Ah, here we are, it's in Pike County, Missouri . --Antiquary (talk) 10:00, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
Griggsville, IL, is also in Pike County, Illinois and if you look up the zip code (62340) given on that web site you also land in Illinois. The two Pike Counties are direct neighbours, but there's no indication of any common history or even a shift in the state border. --Wrongfilter (talk) 10:15, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
That sounds ominous. Also, the more of my Google and Google Books hits I follow up, the fewer check out. The evidence that this place ever existed outside of Fiske's say-so looks rather slight. Here is one cite from 1907, and there are one or two more from the 19th century, but confusion with Griggsville, IL can't be ruled out. --Antiquary (talk) 10:46, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
Thanks everyone. I'll flag the birthplace in the article is questionable (and the whole article as poorly sourced), but I think there's enough uncertainty for me to not "fix" it. And I'll refer to this discussion on the talk page, for the (probably very unlikely event) that some future person cares enough about this rather minor actor to do more thorough research. Thank you. -- Finlay McWalter··–·Talk 08:04, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
One thing I noticed in Newspapers.com is that Missouri papers that referred to Griggsville usually made it clear that they were talking about the one in Illinois. ←Baseball Bugs carrots→ 14:08, 1 January 2025 (UTC)

Finlay McWalter, I just ran a GNIS search, and all three results were Illinois-related. GNIS sometimes misidentifies locations, e.g. many historic plantations in Tidewater Virginia are misidentified as unincorporated communities, but the concept of them outright omitting something as obvious as a settlement — which certainly would show up on USGS quads — is extremely unlikely. Nyttend (talk) 01:07, 8 January 2025 (UTC)

Thanks for following up on this. This leads me to be sure enough that the rather poor source for this claim in the article is just wrong (whether Griggsville, Missouri, or both), and we're better off saying nothing than repeating a claim this weak. -- Finlay McWalter··–·Talk 18:41, 8 January 2025 (UTC)

December 28

Why do news reporters name the programme they are reporting for?

This is an example by BBC News. ―Panamitsu (talk) 05:44, 28 December 2024 (UTC)

You have linked to a BBC TV program where at 0:40 the presenter introduces "Our science correspondent Pallab Ghosh" who signs off his report "Pallab Ghosh, BBC News". His report includes statements by two experts each identified by name and affiliation. The video typifies the high standard of journalism where BBC emphasize distinction between source and editorial content. Incidentally, a good BBC TV reporter tends to become a "household name" (the likes of Clive Myrie, Fiona Bruce, Sophie Raworth, Reeta Chakrabarti, Steve Rosenberg, Michael Buchanan and more). Edit: I apologise to Pallab Ghosh for initially misspelling his name and thank Antiquary for correcting me. Philvoids (talk) 11:19, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
Pallab Ghosh, but I'm sure he's used to it. --Antiquary (talk) 11:29, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
As I understand the question, it is not why reporters identify themselves, but why for instance Ghosh does not sign off by simply saying "Pallab Ghosh", full stop.  --Lambiam 10:29, 31 December 2024 (UTC)
It's a standard practice, which might even be in their contracts. ←Baseball Bugs carrots→ 11:55, 31 December 2024 (UTC)
I seem to recall American channels using clips from the BBC. Such sign offs would serve to identify the source in these cases.--User:Khajidha (talk) (contributions) 17:22, 1 January 2025 (UTC)
THat was my thinking, too. These days they tend to have on-screen watermarks, but reporters still sign off with "Jennifer Superior Bitch, Infinity News. Alex". -- Jack of Oz 20:55, 1 January 2025 (UTC)

Navigation lights

Does the fact that aeroplane/ship navigation lights are green and red cause problems for pilots who are red-green colour blind? How do they deal with that? Can they even become pilots? ―Panamitsu (talk) 22:49, 28 December 2024 (UTC)

I couldn't be a pilot because of my red-green colour blindness, but people with a mild version can apparently - this is a link to the UK's Civil Aviation Authority's guidance on colour vision requirements. Mikenorton (talk) 23:25, 28 December 2024 (UTC)
How fascinating. Thanks. ―Panamitsu (talk) 00:21, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
Similarly, red-green colourblind people may not be able to become helmsmen.
You might think it would have been more convenient to make those lights red and cyan, as far fewer people are red-blue colourblind, but when navigation lights on ships were introduced, bright blueish lights couldn't be made. That only became possible with gas discharge lamps. Traffic lights and railway signals these days (often using LEDs) use a slightly blueish green, so that most colourblind people can see the difference between red and green. PiusImpavidus (talk) 11:55, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
They could have agreed (and still could agree) on assigning distinct flashing patterns, like •••—— and —••—• .  --Lambiam 20:48, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
Flashing patterns would be a very poor method for aircraft and probably ships also. Navigation lights are meant to give a quick indication of the relative position and heading of another aircraft/vessel. When seeing navigation lights a pilot instantly has an indication of the relative flight direction of the other aircraft based on which red/green/white lights are visible. Also there are already the anti-collision lights, red flashing beacon on the tail at least and white flashing strobes on the wingtips and tail. How could a pilot possibly decode flashing lights reliably enough and quickly enough to determine relative heading? fiveby(zero) 18:06, 1 January 2025 (UTC)
Wouldn't that be a problem because the sky/ocean is blue? I understand that the lights are used at night so it shouldn't be too much of a problem. ―Panamitsu (talk) 22:39, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
It would involve more complex lighting circuits/equipment and massive world-wide retrofitting, which (I suggest) would be prohibitively expensive, to solve a relatively minor 'problem' more easily answered by simply not employing colour-blind people in the relevant positions. {The poster formerly known as 87.81.230.195} 94.1.223.204 (talk) 13:12, 31 December 2024 (UTC)
Flashing lights have been used on lighthouses for a long time. They use an assembly of lenses and shutters rotating around a fixed light, using a low-friction bearing. This works fine for stationary lighthouses, but is more problematic on moving ships. There's more wear and the lens assembly could jam or rotate at variable speed. Better to use an electric light, switched repeatedly by a rotating switch powered by an electric motor (all available late 19th century), but both switch and lamp have to switch reliably at least a million times. No problem today, but there's still the issue of recognising a flashing pattern if it's intermittently obscured. It's considered acceptable for lighthouses and buoys, which are usually more or less where you expect them to be, but a moving ship may be a different matter. PiusImpavidus (talk) 14:45, 1 January 2025 (UTC)
When I answered telephones and sold passenger tickets for Eurostar I had to pass an Ishihara test, the same as signalmen and train drivers. DuncanHill (talk) 21:27, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
Depending on the signalling system, train drivers may also have to discriminate red from yellow/amber. This is less important for road users. And states of tracks and signals are colour-coded on the computer monitors of signalmen, but it should only take a simple software update to accommodate colourblind signalmen. (Yes, there're still some old-fashioned signal boxes in some countries; I've passed the one at Severn Bridge Junction on my way to Wales.) I don't see the objection against colourblind ticket sellers. PiusImpavidus (talk) 11:58, 31 December 2024 (UTC)

December 29

Domains

Are Eritrea's .er and Belarus's .by ever used in domain hacks? .er could be used in shortcut to Blogger, blogg.er, like goo.gl and youtu.be, and .by could be used in domains such as drive.by and in Nordic place namesmas by means "village" in Swedish and "city" in Norwegian and Danish. And can South Africa's .za and India's .in be used directly after the main part, such as in piz.za and drive.in? Also, can .pl, .cz, .sk and .hu addresses contain diacritics, such as gdańsk.pl, česko.cz, košice.sk and magyarország.hu? --40bus (talk) 10:10, 29 December 2024 (UTC)

See URL#Internationalized URL. PiusImpavidus (talk) 11:30, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
Plusimpavidus has only answered the last sentencee.
The answer to the first part is entirely dependent on the policy of the controller of the ccTLD in question, and that controller may or may not publish a policy. Technically, of course they could be used: the government of Tonga sells .to domains to any interested party, as I presume you know.
According to our article .by The Operations and Analysis Centre under the President of the Republic of Belarus allows for anyone (not only for those who reside in Belarus) to register a second level domain such as something.by, and it also says he .by code is used for domain hack by institutions from the German state of Bavaria (German: Bayern), such as bayern.by, the Bavarian Tourism Agency. Since "by" means "town" or "city" in Norwegian, it's also used by some Norwegian newspapers, such as osl.by for an Oslo newspaper, and trd.by for a Trondheim newspaper, however, neither of these statements appear to be sourced. When I just tried it, trd.by seems to redirect to a Norwegian casino site.
Our articles .er and .za say nothing about whether the ccTLDs are available to anybody outside Eritrea and South Africa respectively. .in doesn't explicitly address the question, but in talking about the use of subdomains it repeats "in India" several times. ColinFine (talk) 20:38, 29 December 2024 (UTC)

Colored asphalt markings

What's the purpose of such blue, green, pink marks on street grounds? I've seen them in multiple places in Warsaw (typically in non-traffic places, such as sidewalks) where they've stayed for several months or even years without being erased. From what I've read, those marks can be made for some roadworks, but I'm not sure. Brandmeister 20:06, 29 December 2024 (UTC)

I've seen them used for several purposes, mostly for marking the course of some underground pipe or cable, but also for marking a distance such as 500m from a given spot. In the first case, there is a sequence of similar markings, not too far apart from each other. In the second case the marking is usually accompanied by a number or some code.  --Lambiam 20:55, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
See utility location. --142.112.149.206 (talk) 22:09, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
In my experience (UK) they appear in preparation for invasive ground works, most recently in our road prior to the installation of the third set of broadband cables under our pavement. Apparently, existing suppliers and their customers get sniffy if new upstart suppliers not only add their own cables, but put a shovel through the existing cables in the process! Different colours may denote gas, water and telecommunication lines.
There is also an occasional rash of markings that outline potholes; whether this is done to guide the repairers of potholes, or as a placebo to pacify local road users, is not always clear. It is possible that the process accompanies the calculation of a cost for the work; the expenditure may not be forthcoming. -- Verbarson  edits 21:24, 29 December 2024 (UTC)
Thanks all. Brandmeister 11:31, 2 January 2025 (UTC)

January 1

Peugeot's rivalry

Did Peugeot have any rivalry with other auto manufacturer that became famous or was famous but forgotten, like Lancia and Audi in 1983 and Ford and Ferrari in the 1960s? --Donmust90-- Donmust90 (talk) 19:15, 1 January 2025 (UTC)

When does competition rise to the level of rivalry? Peugeot was unexpectedly beaten in speed by Panhard et Levassor in the Paris–Bordeaux–Paris race of June 1895.  --Lambiam 00:07, 2 January 2025 (UTC)
Peugeot, Citroën, Renault and Simca were the big four French automakers post World War II - and therefore rivals. The first two have merged, Renault is still around, but Simca has disappeared. Xuxl (talk) 11:40, 2 January 2025 (UTC)
While the Simca brand, after having been acquired first by Chrysler and then PSA Peugeot Citroën, has disappeared, the factory in Poissy that Simca acquired from Ford France in 1954 is still in full operation.
The Lancia–Audi and Ford–Ferrari rivalries alluded to in the question were not about rivalry between companies, but rivalry between racing teams; see Race for Glory: Audi vs. Lancia and Ford v Ferrari.  --Lambiam 16:03, 2 January 2025 (UTC)

January 3

British weather website

Is there any British weather website which has daily data for stations in the United Kingdom? The starlingroot.ddns.net is not working anymore, it worked a few months ago. The "Historic station data" page on MetOffice's website has only monthly data, and the MetOffice WOW - Weather Observations Website has only hourly data. And is there any English-language website having weather observations for different cities and countries in Europe, similar to e.g. Infoclimat? --40bus (talk) 13:16, 3 January 2025 (UTC)

You might find windfinder.com useful. Although primarily aimed at coastal leisure activities, it also covers inland areas. {The poster formerly known as 87.81.230.195} 94.6.84.253 (talk) 03:07, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
wunderground.com used to have this. IDK about now. 2601:644:8581:75B0:0:0:0:DA2D (talk) 18:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

January 4

Goal number one

How do you forgive and forget? (not sure if that's off-topic for the reference desk. if it is, sorry in advance.) TWOrantula (enter the web) 05:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

By deciding to. ←Baseball Bugs carrots→ 06:05, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
One can decide to forget, but will it work?  --Lambiam 09:22, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
Here is an essay on the topic, by a practitioner of mindfulness, that you may (or may not) find helpful. More advice: , and (written from a Christian perspective) .  --Lambiam 09:32, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
(OR, in that I have no published sources for this, though I was taught it by others): Forgiving does not necessarily mean forgetting - it also doesn't necessarily mean condoning. It means not carrying ill will. In my experience, once I see the cost (to me) of bearing the resentment, and how illusory are the apparent benefits of doing so, it is easy to choose to let it go. ColinFine (talk) 14:25, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

Shall we forgive the OP for forgetting that we don't offer advice?DOR (ex-HK) (talk) 17:38, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

I'd suggest searching the web. ←Baseball Bugs carrots→ 17:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
The injunction does not apply to all advice, but is aimed specifically at giving medical or legal advice.  --Lambiam 23:14, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

Westminster Coroner's Court

I'm trying to research a sudden death that occurred in the London Borough of Merton. Please help me find information about Westminster Coroner's Court, also known as "Inner West London Coroner's Court". They appear to have no website, and publish no court listings. They claim that coroners records are closed to public access for 75 years.

But other coroners courts in the UK, for example "London Inner South Coroner’s Court", publish their court listings and say that inquests are public and anyone can attend.

Why is there are difference? Why is "London Inner South Coroner’s Court" open to the public, but "Inner West London Coroner's Court" is not? Surely all coroners courts operate under the same laws?

Thanks for your help Cylopi (talk) 12:41, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

As you can see from coroners' courts are not subject to the Freedom of Information Act. I can assure you, however, that inquests held by the Westminster coroner are as public as inquests held by any other coroner. 2A00:23D0:54D:2001:7843:31E3:192B:798 (talk) 14:56, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

Where can I find unmarried men list in Science/Maths?

Like Brahmagupta, Issac Newton, Nicola Tesla, Arthur Eddington.

I want to exclude Archimedes due to his unknown marital status, Leonardo da Vinci as he have romantic relations and Galileo Galilei who has 3 children out of wedlock. HarryOrange (talk) 14:08, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

Do you have any reason to suppose that such a list exists, @HarryOrange? ColinFine (talk) 14:27, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
Just to encourage celibacy HarryOrange (talk) 14:30, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
So, you've come here to ask people how to remove from a list that doesn't exist, some names that would probably belong only the list if it existed, because you have some private meaning of "unmarried"? ColinFine (talk) 12:56, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
If some men don't (appear to) have sexual relationships with women, they're not necessarily demonstrating celibacy - they might be otherwise inclined. Chuntuk (talk) 11:37, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
Why did you pipe the correctly-spelled "Isaac" Newton to the incorrectly-spelled "Issac" Newton? -- Jack of Oz 18:37, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
And do the same strange thing to Nikola Tesla? Cullen328 (talk) 23:03, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

Champagne explosion

I had an unopened bottle of cheap champagne (Barefoot Rosé if that matters) left over from NYE, and about 10 minutes ago the thing spontaneously exploded. It had been just sitting there at room temperature. No serious damage but there is champange and broken glass all over the place now, and I'm in the process of cleaning it up. Are these explosions a usual occasional occurrence? I'm used to champagne bottles being thicker than regular wine bottles for obvious reasons, but this one seems on the thin side in retrospect, maybe as an economy measure. Could that be? I'm surprised it doesn't happen on store shelves if it happens at home. Thanks. 2601:644:8581:75B0:0:0:0:DA2D (talk) 18:39, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

I does happen. Sometimes a cause can be identified. When a bottle of champagne is stored in a freezer, or a fridge whose temperature setting is too low, the contents may freeze, causing it to expand. This can lead to minute cracks in the glass, weakening its strength. Thawed in a relatively warm environment, the pressure of the gas can then result in fracture. Another potential cause is premature bottling, when fermentation has not run its fill course ands the wine still contains yeast and sugar. (Almost all wine sold as "champagne" in the US, also when labelled "Brut", contains residual sugar to accommodate the local taste.) When warmed up, fermentation resumes and pressure increases. Finally, a small fraction of bottles is damaged in handling or comes with production defects, not detectable through visual inspection.  --Lambiam 22:42, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
Thanks. No idea about refrigeration before I bought it, but I got it off the shelf at a big supermarket, carried it home, and it sat in the exact same place in the room for several days before going kablooie. All I can think of is that carrying it home might have bumped it around or something. Oh well, no big deal in the scheme of things. 2601:644:8581:75B0:0:0:0:DA2D (talk) 01:20, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
The traditional method of making Champagne requires freezing it in the bottle, so I suppose most bottles are designed to handle that – although freezing from the bottom up is safer than top-down, as it creates no plug of ice between the liquid and the gas. If not using the traditional method, or if the wine doesn't come from the Champagne region, many countries (including all of the EU) forbid selling it under the name Champagne. The US however hasn't got that restriction.
Wines freeze around -5°C, so accidental freezing in a fridge set too cold seems unlikely. PiusImpavidus (talk) 11:15, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
In this case the bottle had not been opened, but the cold liquid carbonated contents of a closed bottle may freeze upon opening due to cooling by adiabatic expansion of the CO2.  --Lambiam 13:57, 5 January 2025 (UTC)

Once upon a time soda pop used to come in reusable glass bottles, and I read somewhere that this would happen from time to time with the larger sizes. And indeed, sometime around 1980 a large bottle of Coca-Cola, probably 1.5 liters, exploded while sitting in my cupboard. --142.112.149.206 (talk) 02:51, 5 January 2025 (UTC)

Organizations

Are there any international organizations headquartered in Australia, similar to UN and World Bank are headquartered in the US? --40bus (talk) 22:04, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

We have a Category:International organisations based in Australia.  --Lambiam 23:05, 4 January 2025 (UTC)
Isn't this more or less the same question that you asked a month ago? Shantavira| 09:55, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
An international organization is a completely different thing from a multinational company. --Viennese Waltz 11:38, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
yes but both questions are easily answered with even the most cursory research and 40bus here seems to have a habit of asking research questions. 208.121.35.65 (talk) 17:37, 7 January 2025 (UTC)

January 6

Replacement for my My Yahoo page

Not sure this is the correct venue, but here goes.

Yahoo have shut down all personal My Yahoo pages. For those who don't use Yahoo, your My Yahoo page was sort of your own personal webpage, where you could have various modules that interested you displayed (e.g. cartoons, horoscopes, travel, finance etc). Yahoo have closed My Yahoo down. A big feature of my personal My Yahoo page was that it had loads of links to my favourite websites. This loss is the one that is hurting most.

Any suggestions as to a replacement? Mjroots (talk) 10:15, 6 January 2025 (UTC)

MSN.com does that pretty well. --Viennese Waltz 10:25, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
Could you explain in more detail how one can go about to create a personalized web space using MSN.com?  --Lambiam 12:29, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
would be a start. That link is for UK users, presumably you can customize it to your own country. --Viennese Waltz 13:38, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
Perhaps one of the content curation tools listed here, some of which are free, will serve your purposes. I have no knowledge of any of these tools beyond what you find there.  --Lambiam 12:34, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
No modules, but there is Neocities. Actually, I may misunderstand: perhaps you seek a kind of home page which is online but available to you only, mainly for collecting bookmarks.  Card Zero  (talk) 13:53, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
For those answering, while it appears to be a question asking how to make a basic list of links, it is not. Yahoo's links page was created by selecting modules through a GUI and then customizing the settings. For example, I could select the comics GUI and then select which comics I want to show up in my links. I don't need to know any of the URLs. I just place a check next to the comics I like. For finance, I add the module with a click and then type in the ticket symbols for the stocks I care about. It automatically creates a daily stock thumbnail with links to news articles about those stocks. So, it is true that there are many available options to create a list of links, there are not as many options to create a custom content page for multiple areas of personal interest. 68.187.174.155 (talk) 15:35, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
The IP is correct, but as I said above, I can live without horoscopes, comics etc. The ability of easily store links to favourite websites is the biggest loss. @Card Zero: - it doesn't have to be for me only. I think that using a subpage of my user space will fall foul of WP:NOTWEBHOST #5, even though many (but not all) of the websites are used in Misplaced Pages research. Mjroots (talk) 15:39, 6 January 2025 (UTC)
Does it have to be a website in that case? Why not browser bookmarks? In fact, I believe these days some browsers will let you select bookmarks for a "start page" or "start screen" that is displayed when you open a new window/tab. And if they don't, you can probably find a browser extension that will do that. -- Avocado (talk) 17:20, 6 January 2025 (UTC)

Major traffic fatality incident, Denmark, 2019

In 2019, Denmark had a minor spike in traffic fatalities. I feel that the spike is most likely the result of a single accident with multiple fatalities. However, I cannot find any news about multiple-fatality accidents in Denmark in 2019. Everything that I find is related to train accidents, which I do not think Denmark includes in "traffic fatality" counts. Can anyone find a list of accidents or news about a single large-scale accident that might skew the yearly count for 2019? 68.187.174.155 (talk) 15:25, 6 January 2025 (UTC)

First of all, where are you seeing this spike and is it a reliable source? Shantavira| 09:55, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
And is it even statistically significant? With unrelated events happening by chance, there will always be fluctuations in number of events by time period. Spikes will occur every now and then, entirely by chance.  --Lambiam 13:05, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
I found this document (pdf) which seems to go into this matter in great detail. I don't read Danish, but I ran it though Google Translate. The table on page 28 shows that there were 199 traffic-related fatalities in Denmark in 2019, which is more than the two previous years but less than some earlier years. So I agree with the above posters that there is not enough here to constitute a spike. The document doesn't list individual accidents, btw. --Viennese Waltz 14:24, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
The mean number of fatalities of the 10-year sample given in this Danish report is 194.9, while its estimated standard deviation is 27.3. This means that the 2019 value deviates from the mean by 0.15 sigma, which is more remarkable by how little the deviation is.  --Lambiam 23:54, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
I saw this before and perhaps you are trying to recreate it. In 2019, traffic fatalities in Denmark increased 20%. But, they were so low that it was a small bump to make that 20% jump. The reason it matters is because the increase was used as the basis to use government funding for more bicycle lanes and improving intersections. But, the increase was not statistically significant and didn't mean anything, so it should not have been used as justification for any changes. Now, from memory, it was a multi-car, weather-related accident in January that added more than 10 fatalities to the yearly count. That was overshadowed by a train accident due to the same snowstorm which killed 8 (I remember it was 8 because most new articles listed 6, but some stated that a few days later, two more bodies were found). So, my gut feeling is that you are intending to show that this "20% spike" in traffic fatalities is really a data artifact created by a single large-scale accident and not representative of general driver behavior in Denmark. Unfortunately, I do not know how to search Danish news. But, if my memory is correct, you can use the date of the well documented train accident in Denmark in 2019 to get the date of the multi-car accident and then, hopefully, find that as well. I doubt you will find it in any English-based news repository. You will have to search Danish repositories. 12.116.29.106 (talk) 16:17, 7 January 2025 (UTC)
Yes. That is what I am doing. I found multiple overblown newspaper headlines like "Biggest increase in traffic fatalities in five years! Your mind will be blown when you see the numbers!" and I am using that to demonstrate that while it is technically true that there was a 20% increase in fatalities, the proper context around that increase is that it is negligible and the result of a single event that could have happened on any other year. Basically, it is a presentation on applying context to data and how it is often done improperly. Now that I know there was a multi-vehicle traffic accident at the same time as the train accident I keep finding, I decided to read those articles and many of them comment on the car accident as well as the train accident, but I didn't read through the articles to notice previously. 68.187.174.155 (talk) 13:15, 8 January 2025 (UTC)

Neurodiverse dating site

Is there website that shows with neurodiverse person goes well with which other neurodiverse, e.g. ADHD with Autism, Autism with HPI, HPI with dylexsia etc? --Donmust90-- Donmust90 (talk) 15:55, 6 January 2025 (UTC)

For any combination of forms of neurodiversity, some persons will go well with each other, while others will not. This depends mainly on other factors, in particular the personality and personal value system of each.  --Lambiam 12:57, 7 January 2025 (UTC)

January 8

Anthropology Misplaced Pages page

Does anyone know why the Misplaced Pages page for "Anthropology" jumped to 6 million views on Dec. 25, 2024?https://pageviews.wmcloud.org/?project=en.wikipedia.org&platform=all-access&agent=user&redirects=0&start=2024-12-18&end=2025-01-07&pages=Anthropology 136.26.125.34 (talk) 23:28, 8 January 2025 (UTC)

January 9

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