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| {{short description|Category of people in the UK living alternative lifestyles}} | |||
| {{Other uses2|New Age}} | |||
| {{see also|crust punks|gutter punks}} | |||
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| {{Infobox religious group | |||
| {{More footnotes|date=September 2010}} | |||
| | group = New Age travellers | |||
| {{Refimprove|date=December 2007}} | |||
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| | image = Byway at Stancombe Farm - geograph.org.uk - 695281.jpg | |||
| | image_caption = Vehicles used by New Age travellers | |||
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| '''New Age Travellers''' (synonymous with and otherwise known as '''New Travellers'''<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.cairn-int.info/article-E_ESP_171_0073--on-the-road-new-travellers-and-their.htm | title=On the road: New Travellers and their radical need for space | journal=Espaces et Sociétés | date=18 December 2017 | volume=171 | issue=4 | pages=73–89 | last1=Frediani | first1=Marcelo | doi=10.3917/esp.171.0073 | doi-access=free }}</ref>) are people located primarily in the ] generally espousing ] beliefs with ] or ] culture of the 1960s. New Age Travellers used to travel between free ]s and fairs prior to crackdown in the 1990s. ''New Traveller'' also refers to those who are not traditionally of an ethnic nomadic group but who have chosen to pursue a nomadic lifestyle.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.gov.scot/publications/local-development-plans-defining-gypsies-travellers-consultation/pages/6/ | title=Example Definitions of Gypsies and Travellers in the UK }}</ref> | |||
| '''New Age travelers''' are persons who often espouse ] and ] beliefs, and travel between ]s and fairs, in order to live in a community with others who hold similar beliefs. Their transport and homes consist of vans, lorries, buses, cars, and caravans converted into ]s. They also make use of improvised ]s, ]s and ]s. "New Age" travelers largely originated in 1980s and early 1990s Britain. {{As of|2014}}, a small number continue to travel in that country, and cultural groupings with similar composition have also manifested themselves in other countries, such as ]. | |||
| There are a variety of New Traveller subcultures which include New Nomads<ref>{{Cite book |last=Marquardt |first=Felix |title=The New Nomads |publisher=Simon&Schuster |year=2021 |isbn=9781471177378 |edition=1st |location=UK |language=English}}</ref> and ]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bearne |first=Suzanne |date=2023-11-04 |title=Digital nomads: rising number of people choose to work remotely |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/money/2023/nov/04/digital-nomads-work-remotely-tech-visas |access-date=2023-11-04 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> facilitated by the digital age, globalisation and worldwide travel. | |||
| == Background == | |||
| A New Traveller's transport and home may consist of ], ], lorry, bus, car or caravan converted into a ] while also making use of an improvised ], ] or ]. Some New Travellers and New Nomads may stay in guest bedrooms of hosts, or pay for inexpensive affordable lodgings while living in different locations around the world as part of their New Traveller lifestyle. | |||
| The movement originated in the ]s of the 1970s<ref name=newold>{{cite web|title=New Travellers, Old Story | url=http://www.childrenssociety.org.uk/sites/default/files/tcs/research_docs/Heritage%20pack_v5.pdf|publisher=The Childrens Society|accessdate=November 2014}}</ref> such as the ], the early ]s, ]s, and the huge ]s in ]. However, there were longstanding precedents for travelling cultures in Great Britain, including travelling ], itinerant ] and traders, as well as ] groups and others.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ivakhiv|first1=Adrian|title=Claiming Sacred Ground: Pilgrims and Politics at Glastonbury and Sedona|date=2001|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=0-253-33899-9|page=89|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QNHTOvnZ3poC&pg=PA89&dq=romany+%22peace+convoy%22&hl=en&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=romany%20%22peace%20convoy%22&f=true}}</ref> Later events included the ], a huge free and unlicensed event which attracted widespread media coverage and prompted government action. Some legal festivals, such as ], continue to take place in a variety of countries, including the UK. | |||
| "New Age" travellers largely originated in 1980s and early 1990s Britain,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://subcultureslist.com/new-age-travellers/|title = New Age Travellers - a traveller lifestyle and subculture in Britain}}</ref> when they were briefly known pejoratively as '''crusties''' because of the association with "encrusted dirt, dirt as a deliberate embrace of grotesquerie, a statement of resistance against society, proof of nomadic hardship."<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Fox |first1=Dan |title=24-Hour Party People: How Britain's New Age Traveler movement defined a zeitgeist |journal=World Policy Journal |date=3 April 2018 |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=3–9 |doi=10.1215/07402775-6894684 |s2cid=158322983 |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/689308/summary |language=en |issn=1936-0924}}</ref> However, New Travellers can come from all walks of life and socio-economic backgrounds. | |||
| == Peace Convoy == | |||
| ==History== | |||
| In the UK during the 1980s the Travelers' mobile homes—generally old vans, trucks and buses (including double-deckers)—moved in convoys. One group of travellers came to be known as the Peace Convoy after visits to CND protest camps.<ref name=newold /> The movement had faced significant opposition from the British government and from mainstream media, epitomised by the authorities' attempts to prevent ] at ], and the resultant ] in 1985—the largest mass civil arrest in English history. | |||
| ===Origins=== | |||
| The movement originated in the ]s of the 1960s and 1970s<ref name=newold>{{cite web|title=New Travellers, Old Story|url=http://www.childrenssociety.org.uk/sites/default/files/tcs/research_docs/Heritage%20pack_v5.pdf|publisher=The Children's Society|access-date=1 November 2014|archive-date=24 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924055027/https://www.childrenssociety.org.uk/sites/default/files/tcs/research_docs/Heritage%20pack_v5.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> such as the ], the early ]s, ]s, and the huge ]s in ]. However, there were longstanding precedents for travelling cultures in Great Britain, including travelling ], itinerant ] and traders, as well as ], ] groups and others.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ivakhiv|first1=Adrian|title=Claiming Sacred Ground: Pilgrims and Politics at Glastonbury and Sedona|date=2001|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=0-253-33899-9|page=89|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QNHTOvnZ3poC&q=romany+%22peace+convoy%22&pg=PA89}}</ref> | |||
| ===Peace convoy=== | |||
| In 1986 and subsequent years police again blocked travellers from "taking the Stones" on the ] (June 21). This led Travelers to spend summers ] by the hundreds on several sites adjacent to the ] in Wiltshire.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}} | |||
| {{See also|Battle of the Beanfield}} | |||
| In the UK during the 1980s the travellers' mobile homes—generally old vans, trucks and buses (including double-deckers)—moved in convoys. One group of travellers came to be known as the Peace Convoy after visits to ] associated with the ] (CND).<ref name=newold /> The movement had faced significant opposition from the British government and from mainstream media, epitomised by the authorities' attempts to prevent the ], and the resultant ] in 1985—resulting in what was, according to '']'', one of the largest mass arrests of civilians since at least the ],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-02-22 |title=What happened next? |url=http://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2004/feb/22/features.magazine27 |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref> possibly one of the biggest in English legal history.<ref name="Maconie2014">{{cite book|author=Stuart Maconie|title=The People's Songs: The Story of Modern Britain in 50 Records|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_q4rAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA356|year=2014|publisher=Ebury Press|isbn=978-0-09-193380-7|pages=356–}}</ref> | |||
| == International manifestations == | |||
| === New Zealand === | |||
| ] 5-day festival, 1981]] | |||
| ]s—whether individuals, families or groups—convert old trucks and ] into mobile homes and live in them, preferring an unattached and transient ] lifestyle to using more conventional housing. These unique vehicles began appearing around ] during the mid-1970s{{Citation needed|date=October 2012}} and even though there are fewer {{as of | 2012 | lc = on}} they continue to adorn New Zealand roads. | |||
| An early manifestation of this culture came with the ] (1970–1973) traveling circus of music, light theatre and art. This involved a well-known New Zealand actor, ], and 30 or 40 hangers-on who traveled around the country in a clapped-out Bedford bus, sang, wrote and did hippie art. Most of the riders were radicals, hippies, groovers and free thinkers. They attracted a following and had a hit single with "Dance around the world" which was nominated for the ] in 1971, a local musical award at the time. After 1973 the Blerta project ran out of steam, and Lawrence turned his hand back to acting in such movies as '']'' in 1981.<ref>Colin Broadley and Judith Jones, eds., ''Nambassa: A New Direction'', A. H. & A. W. Reed, 1979.ISBN 0-589-01216-9.</ref> | |||
| == Contemporary British travelling scene == | |||
| Many people see the ] in 1992, a weeklong festival that attracted up to 30,000 travellers and ravers, as a significant turning point for New Age Travellers in Britain, as it directly resulted in the government granting new powers to police and local authorities under the ] to prevent such events in the future. The Criminal Justice Act included sections against disruptive trespass, squatting and unauthorised camping which made life increasingly difficult for travellers, and many left Britain for Ireland and mainland Europe, particularly Spain. | |||
| However, thousands of people still live a traveller lifestyle in Britain.{{Citation needed|date=April 2007}} {{As of| 2010}} they are normally known simply as Travellers. Few, if any, travellers live on the local authority sites reserved for ], ] and ]s, so instead stay on unauthorised sites throughout the countryside, particularly in Wales and the south-west of England, and in urban areas. London hosts a large number of traveller sites in places such as disused factory or warehouse yards, and there is often a crossover between travellers and ], with travellers parking up in yards attached to squatted buildings. Typical traveller sites might have anywhere from 5 to 30 vehicles on them, including trailers and caravans as well as buses, vans, and ]es converted to live in. Although most Travellers in Britain are British, large numbers of Continental Europeans also "travel" in the UK. | |||
| As unauthorised sites are evicted and travellers moved on frequently, accessing basic services such as health and dental care, refuse collection, benefits, and education for children can be problematic. Many traveller families ] their children. | |||
| Although travellers have only taken to the road since the 1960s, {{As of| 2010 | lc = on}} many traveller families have reached their third or fourth generation. Despite widespread popular assumptions about travelers living on state handouts, many do seasonal or temporary work, on farms and building sites or in factories and pubs for example. Others work as self-employed mechanics, electricians and plumbers, or make money selling scrap, or running stalls at markets and ]s. Festivals during the summer also present many opportunities for travelers to make money through offering entertainment, services and goods to festival goers. A high level of mutual aid, the sharing of childcare and vehicle maintenance and "]" (collecting food from local supermarket ]) within communities allow travelers to live on very low incomes. | |||
| The Traveler and ] scenes often have close links, and many travellers run or are involved with the sound systems of ]s and ]. | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ]s | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
| ==Further reading and external links== | |||
| ==Films== | |||
| * ], '''', (co-directed with Christophe Coello et Stéphane Goxe), 2006 (a French documentary film about various ways of ], as many travellers do). | |||
| * ] '''', (Documentary on the Beanfield and trials and tribulations of the Peace Convoy/New Age Travellers). | |||
| * '''23 Teknivals''', '''', (directed by Zena Merton MA), 2006, a five-minute video montage of travellers' life on the road, free festivals and warehouse parties in Europe (]s) and of the wake of a teenage English traveller, Sonny, in England that was attacked by riot police. | |||
| * {{Commons category-inline}} | |||
| ==Further reading and external links== | |||
| * Gardner, Peter. "Medieval Brigands, Pictures in a Year of the Hippy Convoy" Published 1987 by Redcliffe, Bristol. ISBN 0-948265-02-7 | |||
| * O'Brien, Mark and Ashford, Chris. "'Tribal Groups' in Modern Britain: Legal Theory, Legal Practice and Human Rights" ''Contemporary Issues in Law'' Vol 6, Issue 2 180-206 | |||
| * Colville, Fergus. '''' ], August 2005 | |||
| * Gardner, Peter. "Medieval Brigands, Pictures in a Year of the Hippy Convoy" Published 1987 by Redcliffe, Bristol. {{ISBN|0-948265-02-7}} | |||
| * ], Retrieved 2008-11-04 | |||
| * Colville, Fergus. '''' ], August 2005 | |||
| * '''', "Many of these images come courtesy of Chris Fay, previous editor and publisher of Roadhome NZ, a now-ceased publication for road folk." | |||
| * ], Retrieved 2008-11-04 | |||
| * Staff, , ], BBC, 20 January 2003, "After being forced to camp illegally for years, Brighton Council are the first to introduce a legal site for New Age Travellers". | |||
| * '''', "Many of these images come courtesy of Chris Fay, previous editor and publisher of Roadhome NZ, a now-ceased publication for road folk." | |||
| * Worthington, Andy (Jun 2005) ''The Battle of the Beanfield'', Enabler Publications and Training Services, ISBN 0-9523316-6-7, ISBN 978-0-9523316-6-7 | |||
| * Staff, , ], BBC, 20 January 2003, "After being forced to camp illegally for years, Brighton Council are the first to introduce a legal site for New Age Travellers". | |||
| * Worthington, Andy (June 2004). ''Stonehenge: Celebration and Subversion'', Alternative Albion, ISBN 1-872883-76-1, ISBN 978-1-872883-76-2 | |||
| * Worthington, Andy (Jun 2005) ''The Battle of the Beanfield'', Enabler Publications and Training Services, {{ISBN|0-9523316-6-7}}, {{ISBN|978-0-9523316-6-7}} | |||
| * UK Hippy and Tribal Living counter-culture community websites. | |||
| * Worthington, Andy (June 2004). ''Stonehenge: Celebration and Subversion'', Alternative Albion, {{ISBN|1-872883-76-1}}, {{ISBN|978-1-872883-76-2}} | |||
| * UK Hippy and Tribal Living counter-culture community websites. | |||
| * Youthful travelers in contemporary America: An interview | * Youthful travelers in contemporary America: An interview | ||
| * {{cite journal | last=Zwissler | first=Laurel | title=Pagan Pilgrimage: New Religious Movements Research on Sacred Travel within Pagan and New Age Communities | journal=Religion Compass | publisher=Wiley | volume=5 | issue=7 | year=2011 | issn=1749-8171 | doi=10.1111/j.1749-8171.2011.00282.x | pages=326–342 |url=https://www.academia.edu/34541493}} | |||
| {{Hippies}} | {{Hippies}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 14:01, 6 September 2024
Category of people in the UK living alternative lifestyles See also: crust punks and gutter punks Vehicles used by New Age travellers | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| United Kingdom | |
| Religions | |
| New Age |
New Age Travellers (synonymous with and otherwise known as New Travellers) are people located primarily in the United Kingdom generally espousing New Age beliefs with hippie or Bohemian culture of the 1960s. New Age Travellers used to travel between free music festivals and fairs prior to crackdown in the 1990s. New Traveller also refers to those who are not traditionally of an ethnic nomadic group but who have chosen to pursue a nomadic lifestyle.
There are a variety of New Traveller subcultures which include New Nomads and Digital Nomads facilitated by the digital age, globalisation and worldwide travel.
A New Traveller's transport and home may consist of living in a van, vardo, lorry, bus, car or caravan converted into a mobile home while also making use of an improvised bender tent, tipi or yurt. Some New Travellers and New Nomads may stay in guest bedrooms of hosts, or pay for inexpensive affordable lodgings while living in different locations around the world as part of their New Traveller lifestyle.
"New Age" travellers largely originated in 1980s and early 1990s Britain, when they were briefly known pejoratively as crusties because of the association with "encrusted dirt, dirt as a deliberate embrace of grotesquerie, a statement of resistance against society, proof of nomadic hardship." However, New Travellers can come from all walks of life and socio-economic backgrounds.
History
Origins
The movement originated in the free festivals of the 1960s and 1970s such as the Windsor Free Festival, the early Glastonbury Festivals, Elephant Fayres, and the huge Stonehenge Free Festivals in Great Britain. However, there were longstanding precedents for travelling cultures in Great Britain, including travelling pilgrims, itinerant journeymen and traders, as well as Irish Travellers, Romani groups and others.
Peace convoy
See also: Battle of the BeanfieldIn the UK during the 1980s the travellers' mobile homes—generally old vans, trucks and buses (including double-deckers)—moved in convoys. One group of travellers came to be known as the Peace Convoy after visits to Peace camps associated with the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND). The movement had faced significant opposition from the British government and from mainstream media, epitomised by the authorities' attempts to prevent the Stonehenge Free Festival, and the resultant Battle of the Beanfield in 1985—resulting in what was, according to The Guardian, one of the largest mass arrests of civilians since at least the Second World War, possibly one of the biggest in English legal history.
References
- Frediani, Marcelo (18 December 2017). "On the road: New Travellers and their radical need for space". Espaces et Sociétés. 171 (4): 73–89. doi:10.3917/esp.171.0073.
- "Example Definitions of Gypsies and Travellers in the UK".
- Marquardt, Felix (2021). The New Nomads (1st ed.). UK: Simon&Schuster. ISBN 9781471177378.
- Bearne, Suzanne (2023-11-04). "Digital nomads: rising number of people choose to work remotely". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-11-04.
- "New Age Travellers - a traveller lifestyle and subculture in Britain".
- Fox, Dan (3 April 2018). "24-Hour Party People: How Britain's New Age Traveler movement defined a zeitgeist". World Policy Journal. 35 (1): 3–9. doi:10.1215/07402775-6894684. ISSN 1936-0924. S2CID 158322983.
- ^ "New Travellers, Old Story" (PDF). The Children's Society. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2014.
- Ivakhiv, Adrian (2001). Claiming Sacred Ground: Pilgrims and Politics at Glastonbury and Sedona. Indiana University Press. p. 89. ISBN 0-253-33899-9.
- "What happened next?". the Guardian. 2004-02-22. Retrieved 2022-11-15.
- Stuart Maconie (2014). The People's Songs: The Story of Modern Britain in 50 Records. Ebury Press. pp. 356–. ISBN 978-0-09-193380-7.
Further reading and external links
Media related to New Age Travellers at Wikimedia Commons
- O'Brien, Mark and Ashford, Chris. "'Tribal Groups' in Modern Britain: Legal Theory, Legal Practice and Human Rights" Contemporary Issues in Law Vol 6, Issue 2 180-206
- Gardner, Peter. "Medieval Brigands, Pictures in a Year of the Hippy Convoy" Published 1987 by Redcliffe, Bristol. ISBN 0-948265-02-7
- Colville, Fergus. Timeshift: New Age Travellers BBC Four, August 2005
- Lodge Alan, A gallery of New Age Traveller images, mostly from the 80s and 90s Retrieved 2008-11-04
- Sharkey's Busbarn, Gypsy Faire "Many of these images come courtesy of Chris Fay, previous editor and publisher of Roadhome NZ, a now-ceased publication for road folk."
- Staff, BBC 2003, Inside Out, BBC, 20 January 2003, "After being forced to camp illegally for years, Brighton Council are the first to introduce a legal site for New Age Travellers".
- Worthington, Andy (Jun 2005) The Battle of the Beanfield, Enabler Publications and Training Services, ISBN 0-9523316-6-7, ISBN 978-0-9523316-6-7
- Worthington, Andy (June 2004). Stonehenge: Celebration and Subversion, Alternative Albion, ISBN 1-872883-76-1, ISBN 978-1-872883-76-2
- UK Hippy and Tribal Living counter-culture community websites.
- A Different Light Youthful travelers in contemporary America: An interview
- Zwissler, Laurel (2011). "Pagan Pilgrimage: New Religious Movements Research on Sacred Travel within Pagan and New Age Communities". Religion Compass. 5 (7). Wiley: 326–342. doi:10.1111/j.1749-8171.2011.00282.x. ISSN 1749-8171.
