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{{Short description|City in West Azerbaijan province, Iran}}
{{about||the administrative subdivision|Khoy County|the village in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province|Khoy, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2010}}
{{for multi|the administrative division of West Azerbaijan province|Khoy County|the village in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province|Khoy, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari{{!}}Khoy|Serer divination ceremony|Xooy|other uses of a similar name|Khoi (disambiguation){{!}}Khoi}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}

{{Infobox settlement {{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Khoy |official_name = Khoy
|native_name = خوی |native_name = {{langx|fa|خوی}}
|settlement_type = city |settlement_type = City
|image_skyline = Hoy sehri.jpg |image_skyline =
|imagesize = |imagesize =
|image_caption = Welcome to Khoy |image_caption =
|pushpin_map = Iran |pushpin_map = Iran
|mapsize = 150px |mapsize =
|subdivision_type = ]
|coordinates_region = IR
|subdivision_name = ]
|subdivision_type = ]
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Iran}}
|subdivision_type1 =] |subdivision_type1 =]
|subdivision_name1 =] |subdivision_name1 =]
|subdivision_type2 =] |subdivision_type2 =]
|subdivision_name2 =] |subdivision_name2 =]
|subdivision_type3 =] |subdivision_type3 =]
|subdivision_name3 =] |subdivision_name3 =]
|leader_title = ] |leader_title = ]
|leader_name = Mahbub Tizpar<ref>http://dana.ir/News/324407.html</ref> |leader_name = Hassan Nasrollah pour
|leader_title1 = ] |leader_title1 = ]
|leader_name1 = ] |leader_name1 = ]
|established_title = |established_title =
|established_date = |established_date =
|area_total_km2 = |area_total_km2 =
|area_footnotes = |area_footnotes =
|population_footnotes = <ref name="2016 West Azerbaijan Province"/>
|population_as_of = 2012<ref> in Persian</ref>
|population_as_of = 2016
| population_note = City & ]
|population_total = 200,985 & 354,309 |population_total = 198845
|population_metro =

|population_density_km2 = auto |population_density_km2 = auto
|timezone = ] |timezone = ]
|utc_offset = +3:30 |utc_offset = +3:30
|coordinates = {{Coord|38|32|47|N|44|57|15|E|dim:3km|display=inline,title}}
|timezone_DST = ]
|coordinates_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite map |author=((OpenStreetMap contributors)) |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=38.546389&mlon=44.954167&zoom=14#map=14/38.54639/44.95417|website=] |title=Khoy, Khoy County|date=25 September 2024|access-date=25 September 2024|lang=fa}}</ref>
|utc_offset_DST = +4:30
|coordinates_display = %
|latd=38|latm=33|lats=01|latNS=N
|longd=44|longm=57|longs=08|longEW=E
|elevation_m = 1148 |elevation_m = 1148
|elevation_ft = 3769 |elevation_ft = 3769
|elevation_footnotes =<ref>{{cite web |elevation_footnotes =<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IR/2/Khvoy.html | url = http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IR/2/Khvoy.html
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080307014428/http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IR/2/Khvoy.html
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 7 March 2008
| title= Xoy, Iran Page | title= Xoy, Iran Page
| accessdate=7 July 2008 | access-date=7 July 2008
}}</ref> }}</ref>
|area_code = 0461 |area_code = 044-3
|website = |website = {{URL|http://www.khoy.ir}}
|footnotes = |footnotes =
}} }}
'''Khoy''' ({{lang-az|Xoy}}; {{lang-fa|خوی}}; also ]d as '''Khoy''' and '''Khoi'''),<ref>{{GEOnet3|-3071618}}</ref> is a city in and the capital of ], ], ]. At the 2012 census, its population was 200,985. Khoy is biggest city in the ] region that is not capital of Province.


'''Khoy''' ({{langx|az|Xoy}}, {{langx|fa|خوی}}){{efn|Also ]d as '''Khoi''';<ref>{{GEOnet3|-3071618}}</ref> {{langx|ku|خۆی}}, romanized as '''Xoy''';<ref>{{Cite news|date=9 May 2020|title=چوار کۆڵبەر لە سنورەکانی بانە و خۆی کوژران و برینداربون|language=ku|url=https://www.xendan.org/detailnews.aspx?jimare=97282&babet=1&relat=1024|access-date=1 August 2020}}</ref> {{Langx|hy|Հեր}}, romanized as '''Her'''}} is a city in the ] of ], ] province, ], serving as capital of both the county and the district.<ref name="West Azerbaijan Province Structure">{{cite report|title=Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of West Azerbaijan province, centered in the city of Urmia|language=fa|website=lamtakam.com|via=Lam ta Kam|url=https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113037|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220192713/https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113037|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council|last=Habibi|first=Hassan|orig-date=Approved 21 June 1369|date=c. 2023|id=Notification 82808/T137|archive-date=20 December 2023|access-date=20 December 2023}}</ref> Occupied since ] times, it shares a long history as an important ] center.<ref name="Andrew Burke pp. 138">Andrew Burke, "Iran" pp. 138. Lonely Planet. {{ISBN|1742203493}}</ref>
Khoy is located north of the province's capital and largest city ], and 807&nbsp;km north-west to ]. The region's economy is based on ], particularly the production of fruit, grain, and timber. Khoy is nicknamed as the ] city of Iran. At the 2006 census, the city had a population of 178,708, with an estimated 2012 population of 200,985. The city's inhabitants are predominantly ] and ] is dominantly spoken in Khoy,<ref name="Country Study Guide-Azerbaijanis">{{cite news|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=0KOSUrLPC6IC&pg=PA152&dq=majority+of+the+population+of+East+Azarbaijan+and+a+majority+of+West+Azarbaijan.#v=onepage&q=majority%20of%20the%20population%20of%20East%20Azarbaijan%20and%20a%20majority%20of%20West%20Azarbaijan.&f=false |title=Country Study Guide-Azerbaijanis |publisher=STRATEGIC INFORMATION AND DEVELOPMENTS-USA |date= |accessdate=13 August 2013}}</ref><ref name="Iran-Azerbaijanis">{{cite news|url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ir0052) |title=Iran-Azerbaijanis |publisher=] |date=December 1987 |accessdate=13 August 2013}}</ref> while nearly all inhabitants can also converse in Persian. The main religion is ].<ref>"," '' All things and news about Xoy ''.</ref><ref>"{{cite web|url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gpro&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-106&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&pt=c&va=&geo=462730497|title=Khvoy|archiveurl=http://archive.is/4HSQg|archivedate=9 February 2013}}," ''World Gazetteer''.</ref> Occupied since ] times, it shares a long history as an important ] centre.<ref name="Andrew Burke pp. 138">Andrew Burke, "Iran" pp. 138. Lonely Planet. ISBN 1742203493</ref>


==History== ==History==
Khoy was named in ancient times for the salt mines that made it an important spur of the Silk Route.<ref name="Andrew Burke pp. 138"/> or maybe Khvoy was named in ancient times for the Plain becuase this city surrounded by mountains(khoy chukhuri in turkish)<ref></ref><ref name="شهرداری"> </ref><ref></ref>3000 years ago, a city had existed on the area where Khoy is located nowadays, but its name became Khoy only from 14th centuries ago.<ref name="Lida Balilan Asl 2013">Lida Balilan Asl, Elham Jafari. "Khoy's Expansion from Early Islam to Late Qajar According to Historical Documents" published spring 2013. vol 3</ref> In 714 BC, ] passed the region of which Khoy is part of in a campaign against ].<ref name="Lida Balilan Asl 2013"/> Khoy was named in ancient times for the salt mines that made it an important spur of the Silk Route.<ref name="Andrew Burke pp. 138"/> 3000 years ago, a city existed on the area where Khoy is located nowadays, but its name became Khoy only in the 14th centuries ago.<ref name="Lida Balilan Asl 2013">Lida Balilan Asl, Elham Jafari. "Khoy's Expansion from Early Islam to Late Qajar According to Historical Documents" published spring 2013. vol 3</ref> In 714 BC, ] passed the region of which Khoy is part of in a campaign against ].<ref name="Lida Balilan Asl 2013"/>


During the reign of ] this city was a part of ] province (ashkar). Khoy was mentioned in the 8th century AD and was called ''Her'' by ] in "]".
It later become an important town of the ]n ] of ], and was part of the ] for centuries. In Armenian, Khoy is known as ''Hér'' ({{lang-hy|Խոյ}}).


In the ] period, Khoy was the gateway of the Parthian Empire in the Northwest.<ref name="Lida Balilan Asl 2013"/> Around the year 37 BC, ] had crossed the plain that is located between Khoy and ] during one of the many and frequent ].<ref name="Lida Balilan Asl 2013"/> In the ] period, Khoy was the gateway of the Parthian Empire in the Northwest. During the reign of Armenian king ], Khoy is mentioned as being an important settlement of the ].<ref name="Lida Balilan Asl 2013"/> Around the year 37 BC, ] had crossed the plain that is located between Khoy and ] during one of the many and frequent ].<ref name="Lida Balilan Asl 2013"/>


Scholars such as ] consider Khoy to be the identical to the ''Gobdi'' station mentioned in the '']''.{{sfn|Manandian|1965|p=113}}
One of the important historic elements of the city is the St. Sourp Sarkis church. ] documents wrote that the date of the making has to be either 332 or 333 AD.<ref name="Lida Balilan Asl 2013"/> In the city and its surrounding villages, churches are seen and it is reported that ] have always been comprising a significant amount of the cities population, but the city was never an "Armenian city" (as in comprising a vast majority).<ref name="Lida Balilan Asl 2013"/>


One of the important historic elements of the city is ]. ] documents wrote that the date of the making has to be either 332 or 333 AD.<ref name="Lida Balilan Asl 2013"/> In the city and its surrounding villages, churches are seen and it is reported that ] have always been comprising a significant amount of the city’s population.<ref name="Lida Balilan Asl 2013"/>{{page needed|date=April 2020}}
By the first half of the 11th century the ] were actively trying to round off their eastern territories, in an attempt to absorb the unstable Armenian dynasties. In 1021-2 emperor ] led his army as far as Khoy within 175&nbsp;km of ], and obtained the surrender of royalty from the ] of ].<ref>] (1953) page 52, CUP Archive, 1 jan. 1953 ISBN 978-0521057356</ref>


By the first half of the 11th century the ] were actively trying to round off their eastern territories, in an attempt to absorb the unstable Armenian dynasties. In 1021-2 emperor ] led his army as far as Khoy within 175&nbsp;km of ], and obtained the surrender of royalty from the ] of ].<ref>{{cite book|last=Minorsky|first=Vladimir|author-link=Vladimir Minorsky|title=Studies in Caucasian History: I. New Light on the Shaddadids of Ganja II. The Shaddadids of Ani III. Prehistory of Saladin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pzg8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA52|year=1953|publisher=CUP Archive|isbn=978-0-521-05735-6|page=52}}</ref>
In 1210, the city was conquered by the forces of ] sent by ] under the command of Zakaria and Ivane ]. This was a response to the sacking of Georgian-controlled ] which occurred in 1208 and left 12,000 Christians dead.<ref>{{cite book |last1=L. Baker |first1=Patricia |last2=Smith |first2=Hilary |last3=Oleynik |first3=Maria |date=2014 |title=Iran |url=https://books.google.ge/books?id=RT0bAgAAQBAJ |location=London, United Kingdom |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |page=158 |isbn=1841624020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Salia |first=Kalistrat |date=1983 |title=History of the Georgian nation |url=https://books.google.ge/books?id=xjAhAQAAMAAJ |location=Madison, WI |publisher=University of Wisconsin |page=181 |isbn=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Mikaberidze |first=Alexander |date=2011 |title=Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1|url=https://books.google.ge/books?id=WjQfo3a1eVMC |location=Santa Barbara, California, USA |publisher=ABC-CLIO |page=196 |isbn=1598843362}}</ref>


In 1210, the city was conquered by the forces of ] sent by ] under the command of Zakaria and Ivane ]. This was a response to the sacking of Georgian-controlled ] which occurred in 1208 and left 12,000 Christians dead.<ref>{{cite book |last1=L. Baker |first1=Patricia |last2=Smith |first2=Hilary |last3=Oleynik |first3=Maria |date=2014 |title=Iran |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RT0bAgAAQBAJ |location=London, United Kingdom |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |page=158 |isbn=978-1841624020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Salia |first=Kalistrat |date=1983 |title=History of the Georgian nation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xjAhAQAAMAAJ |location=Madison, WI |publisher=University of Wisconsin |page=181 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Mikaberidze |first=Alexander |date=2011 |title=Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WjQfo3a1eVMC |location=Santa Barbara, California, USA |publisher=ABC-CLIO |page=196 |isbn=978-1598843361}}</ref>
===Modern period===
Khoy was fortified at various times in its history, most recently by the ] in the Nineteenth Century.


The city was ruled over by Malika, wife of ] after his conquest of the city in the late 1220s.<ref>Tamta's World by Anthony Eastmond, page 108</ref>
In the wake of the demise of the ], the Ottomans took Khoy on 6 May 1724, a territorial gain which was confirmed with ] through the ].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Somel|first1=Selcuk Aksin|title=Historical Dictionary of the Ottoman Empire|date=2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0810866065|page=xlvi|url=https://books.google.nl/books?id=jGZQL41tg_oC&dq=ottomans+khoy&hl=nl&source=gbs_navlinks_s}}</ref> With the reestablishment of a strong Iranian authority under ], the town was reconquered. After the death of Nader Shah in 1747, Khoy broke away from central government of Iran like several other regions of Iran, including what is now ] and some of the northern ] comprising the ]. Khoy became the centre of the newly established Khanate of Khoy (1747–1813) which was loyal to the central government only when it was powerful (like during ]'s reign), and autonomous when the central role was weak. The return of Khoy to the central government of Iran was during the beginning of ] period during ]'s reign. Khoy was attacked by ] in 1827 who was attempting to seize the last of the Caucasian territories of Iran comprising Armenia and what is now Azerbaijan during the ]. The war, which mainly razed in the extremely nearby ] region eventually happened to moved deeper south as well. Until 1828, Khoy had a large number of Armenians, however, the ] following the outcome of the 1826-1828 war and the victory over the neighbouring Ottoman Empire as concluded in the ], encouraged the mass resettlement of Armenians from both Turkey and Iran in Russia. In the mid-1800s some of them immigrated to ], which by then ] of the Russian Empire. However, a small Armenian population remained living in Khoy. This was noted by an American missionary in 1834.<ref name="Eli Smith pp 315">Smith noted that the city had between 4000 and 7000 Muslim families, while only about 100 Armenian families were left. {{Cite book|author=Smith, Eli |authorlink=Eli Smith|year=1834 |title=Missionary Researches in Armenia: Including a Journey through Asia Minor, and into Georgia and Persia |publisher=G. Wightmann |page=315}}</ref> He noted further that in the villages around Khoy there were a few more, but the vast majority had migrated to the North of the ] following Russia's victory over Persia in 1828 and the encouraged settling in the newly incorporated Russian regions of ].<ref name="Eli Smith pp 315"/>

===Modern period===
], struck at the Khoy mint, dated 1779]]
In the wake of the demise of the ], the ] took Khoy on 6 May 1724, a territorial gain which was confirmed with ] through the ].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Somel|first1=Selcuk Aksin|title=Historical Dictionary of the Ottoman Empire|date=2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0810866065|page=xlvi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jGZQL41tg_oC&q=ottomans+khoy}}</ref>


Until 1828, Khoy had a large number of ]; however, the ] (1828), gave the Russians the right to encourage Armenians to immigrate into the Russian Empire. Nevertheless, a small Armenian population remained living in Khoy. This was noted by an American missionary in 1834.<ref name="Eli Smith pp 315">Smith noted that the city had between 4000 and 7000 Muslim families, while only about 100 Armenian families were left. {{Cite book|author=Smith, Eli |author-link=Eli Smith|year=1834 |title=Missionary Researches in Armenia: Including a Journey through Asia Minor, and into Georgia and Persia |publisher=G. Wightmann |page=315}}</ref> He noted further that in the villages around Khoy there were a few more, but the vast majority had migrated to the North of the ] following Russia's victory over Persia in 1828 and the encouraged settling in the newly incorporated Russian regions of ].<ref name="Eli Smith pp 315"/>
With the advent of the 1910s, Khoy was occupied by ] troops, but they were completely expelled from the area by the Russians by 1911.{{sfn|Atabaki|2006|page=70}} Khoy was one of the many cities in Iran which garrisoned Russian infantry and ].{{sfn|Atabaki|2006|page=70}} The Russians retreated at the time of ]'s offensive in the Iran-Caucasus region, but returned in around early 1916, and stayed in the region up to the wake of the ].{{sfn|Atabaki|2006|page=70}} In 1918, for a final brief period, the Ottomans took Khoy until the decisive end of World War I and the ].{{sfn|Atabaki|2006|page=70}} In ], Khoy was again occupied by ] troops, who remained until ].


With the advent of the 1910s, Khoy was occupied by ] troops, but they were completely expelled from the area by the Russians by 1911.{{sfn|Atabaki|2006|page=70}} Khoy was one of the many cities in Iran which garrisoned Russian infantry and ].{{sfn|Atabaki|2006|page=70}} The Russians retreated at the time of ]'s offensive in the Iran-Caucasus region, but returned in around early 1916, and stayed in the region up to the wake of the ].{{sfn|Atabaki|2006|page=70}} In 1918, for a final brief period, the ] took Khoy until the decisive end of ] and the ].{{sfn|Atabaki|2006|page=70}} In ], Khoy was again occupied by ] troops, who remained until ]. After 1946 the city indefinitely became part of ] and is located in the far northwest of the country.
==Nature==
Khoy is located in the mountains, so the weather is very cold in winter and cool in summer. Spring weather in this city is very pleasant. The city is located in the vicinity of mountains such as Chelekhaneh Mount and Avrin Mount (The highest mountain of West Azarbaijan Province).


==Demographics== ==Demographics==
===Population===
The peoples of Khoy are ].<ref name="Country Study Guide-Azerbaijanis" /><ref name="Iran-Azerbaijanis" />
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 178,708 in 45,090 households.<ref name="2006 West Azerbaijan Province">{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): West Azerbaijan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/04.xls|access-date=25 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920094953/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/04.xls|format=Excel|archive-date=20 September 2011}}</ref> The following census in 2011 counted 200,958 people in 57,149 households.<ref name="2011 West Azerbaijan Province">{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): West Azerbaijan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=irandataportal.syr.edu|via=Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University|url=https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/West-Azerbaijan.xls|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120205939/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/West-Azerbaijan.xls|archive-date=20 January 2023|access-date=19 December 2022|format=Excel}}</ref> The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 198,845 people in 59,964 households.<ref name="2016 West Azerbaijan Province">{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): West Azerbaijan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_04.xlsx|access-date=19 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220830042935/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_04.xlsx|format=Excel|archive-date=30 August 2022}}</ref>


==Geography==
==Airlines and destinations==
===Location===
'''Khoy Airport''' {{airport codes|KHY|OITK}} is an airport in Khoy, ].
Khoy is north of the province's capital and largest city ], and 807&nbsp;km north-west to ]. The region's economy is based on ], particularly the production of fruit, grain, and timber. Khoy is nicknamed as the ] city of Iran. At the 2006 census, the city had a population of 178,708, with an estimated 2012 population of 200,985. Khoy is largely populated by ethnic ],<ref></ref> except for the residents of the western edge of Khoy, who are mostly ]; The majority of the population (more than 90%) subscribes to the ] sect of Islam. The ] of this less, who live mostly in a nomadic way as opposed to the mostly settled ], are largely ] and are composed of two independent tribes, ] and Madrumi.<ref></ref>
{{airport-dest-list
|] | ]
}}


===Climate===
<gallery>
] classifies its climate as ] (BSk).<ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{cite web|title=Climate: Khoy - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table|url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/805/|publisher=Climate-Data.org|access-date=9 September 2013}}</ref>
file:Khoy havalimani.jpg|
file:Khoy airport.jpg|
file:فرودگاه خوی.jpg|
file:Road of khoy.JPG|
</gallery>


==Khoy Bus Terminals==
], the biggest bus terminus in North West Iran.]]
A '''bus terminus''' is a designated place where a ] or ] starts or ends its scheduled route. The terminus is the designated place that a ] is timed from. Termini can be located at ]s, ], ]s or simple ]s. Termini can both start and stop at the same place, or may be in different locations for starting and finishing a route. Termini may or may not coincide with the use of ]s.


Highest recorded temperature:{{Convert|42.8|C|F|abbr=on}} on 26 July 2020<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.meteomanz.com/sy5?ind=40703&l=1&m1=07&y1=2020 |title=KHOY - Month summary: July 2020 |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=meteomanz}}</ref><br>Lowest recorded temperature:{{Convert|-30.0|C|F|abbr=on}} on 24 January 1964<ref name=MIN/>
==Climate==
] classifies its climate as ] (BSk).<ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{cite web|title=Climate: Khoy - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table|url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/805/|publisher=Climate-Data.org|accessdate=9 September 2013}}</ref>


<div style="width:80%">
{{Weather box {{Weather box
|width = auto
|metric first=yes |metric first=yes
|single line=yes |single line=yes
|location=Khoy (1991-2020, extremes 1959-present){{Efn-lr|content=Rainy days calculated using parameters 46 and 71 from the first source. (days with rain showers and days with rain/drizzle)}}
|location=Khoy
|Jan high C=2.8 | Jan record high C =17.0
|Feb high C=5.2 | Feb record high C =20.2
|Mar high C=11.6 | Mar record high C =27.2
|Apr high C=17.2 | Apr record high C =32.0
|May high C=23.9 | May record high C =35.6
|Jun high C=29.3 | Jun record high C =39.8
|Jul high C=32.6 | Jul record high C =42.8
|Aug high C=32.7 | Aug record high C =41.6
|Sep high C=28 | Sep record high C =40.0
|Oct high C=20.5 | Oct record high C =32.6
|Nov high C=13.1 | Nov record high C =25.0
|Dec high C=6.4 | Dec record high C =21.4
| year record high C =
|Jan high C=3.4
|Feb high C=7.1
|Mar high C=13.4
|Apr high C=19.2
|May high C=24.1
|Jun high C=29.8
|Jul high C=33.1
|Aug high C=33.3
|Sep high C=28.9
|Oct high C=21.7
|Nov high C=12.8
|Dec high C=5.6


|Jan mean C=-1.4 |Jan mean C=-1.5
|Feb mean C=0.6 |Feb mean C=1.5
|Mar mean C=6.1 |Mar mean C=7.3
|Apr mean C=11.2 |Apr mean C=12.9
|May mean C=16.9 |May mean C=17.5
|Jun mean C=21.4 |Jun mean C=22.6
|Jul mean C=24.7 |Jul mean C=25.8
|Aug mean C=24.5 |Aug mean C=25.5
|Sep mean C=19.6 |Sep mean C=20.8
|Oct mean C=13.6 |Oct mean C=14.3
|Nov mean C=7.5 |Nov mean C=6.6
|Dec mean C=1.9 |Dec mean C=0.6


|Jan low C=-5.6 |Jan low C=-6.0
|Feb low C=-4 |Feb low C=-3.7
|Mar low C=0.6 |Mar low C=1.2
|Apr low C=5.3 |Apr low C=6.3
|May low C=9.9 |May low C=10.6
|Jun low C=13.5 |Jun low C=14.6
|Jul low C=16.9 |Jul low C=17.8
|Aug low C=16.3 |Aug low C=17.3
|Sep low C=11.3 |Sep low C=12.4
|Oct low C=6.7 |Oct low C=7.2
|Nov low C=2 |Nov low C=1.3
|Dec low C=-2.6 |Dec low C=-3.4
| Jan record low C =-30.0
| Feb record low C =-27.0
| Mar record low C =-20.6
| Apr record low C =-8.0
| May record low C =-0.2
| Jun record low C =3.4
| Jul record low C =8.0
| Aug record low C =7.0
| Sep record low C =2.0
| Oct record low C =-7.0
| Nov record low C =-15.7
| Dec record low C =-25.4
| year record low C =


|precipitation colour=green |precipitation colour=green
|Jan precipitation mm=28 |Jan precipitation mm=15.0
|Feb precipitation mm=20 |Feb precipitation mm=16.6
|Mar precipitation mm=31 |Mar precipitation mm=29.4
|Apr precipitation mm=47 |Apr precipitation mm=46.1
|May precipitation mm=54 |May precipitation mm=47.1
|Jun precipitation mm=21 |Jun precipitation mm=23.8
|Jul precipitation mm=7 |Jul precipitation mm=9.7
|Aug precipitation mm=5 |Aug precipitation mm=6.0
|Sep precipitation mm=8 |Sep precipitation mm=10.1
|Oct precipitation mm=22 |Oct precipitation mm=19.7
|Nov precipitation mm=22 |Nov precipitation mm=25.6
|Dec precipitation mm=19 |Dec precipitation mm=18.7
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days =3.4
| Feb precipitation days =3.8
| Mar precipitation days =5.2
| Apr precipitation days =7.5
| May precipitation days =8.5
| Jun precipitation days =4.2
| Jul precipitation days =1.8
| Aug precipitation days =1.3
| Sep precipitation days =1.8
| Oct precipitation days =3.4
| Nov precipitation days =4.1
| Dec precipitation days =4.4
| year precipitation days =
| Jan rain days =2.1
| Feb rain days =3.1
| Mar rain days =7.3
| Apr rain days =11.6
| May rain days =10.4
| Jun rain days =4.8
| Jul rain days =2.2
| Aug rain days =2
| Sep rain days =2.6
| Oct rain days =5.7
| Nov rain days =5.7
| Dec rain days =3.9
| year rain days =
| Jan snow days =5
| Feb snow days =5.1
| Mar snow days =2.9
| Apr snow days =0.3
| May snow days =0
| Jun snow days =0
| Jul snow days =0
| Aug snow days =0
| Sep snow days =0
| Oct snow days =0.1
| Nov snow days =1.7
| Dec snow days =4
| year snow days =


| Jan humidity =74
| source = ''Climate-Data.org'', altitude: 1136m<ref name="Climate-Data.org"/>
| Feb humidity =66
| Mar humidity =56
| Apr humidity =55
| May humidity =55
| Jun humidity =47
| Jul humidity =45
| Aug humidity =44
| Sep humidity =48
| Oct humidity =58
| Nov humidity =68
| Dec humidity =76
| year humidity =
| Jan dew point C =-6.0
| Feb dew point C =-5.0
| Mar dew point C =-2.0
| Apr dew point C =2.7
| May dew point C =7.1
| Jun dew point C =9.4
| Jul dew point C =11.9
| Aug dew point C =11.2
| Sep dew point C =8.0
| Oct dew point C =5.0
| Nov dew point C =0.5
| Dec dew point C =-3.6

| Jan sun =117
| Feb sun =146
| Mar sun =183
| Apr sun =204
| May sun =254
| Jun sun =317
| Jul sun =344
| Aug sun =335
| Sep sun =289
| Oct sun =224
| Nov sun =167
| Dec sun =113
| year sun =

| source 1 = ]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Iran/CSV/Khoy_40703.csv |title=World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Khoy |access-date=24 April 2024 |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=] |no-pp=y |format=CSV |quote=WMO number: 40703}}</ref> (snow and sleet days 1981-2010)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-II/Iran/WMO_Normals_Excel_IRAN_060719.xls |title=World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981-2010: Khoy |access-date=24 April 2024 |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=] |page=26 |format=XLS |quote=WMO number: 40703}}</ref>
| source 2 = ](extremes 1959-2010)<ref name=MAX>{{Cite web |url=http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/azg/KHOY/7.asp |title=Form 7: TEMPERATURE RECORDS HIGHEST IN C. Station: Khoy(40703) |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=Chaharmahalmet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819054314/http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/azg/KHOY/7.asp |archive-date=19 August 2014 |url-status=unfit |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization |no-pp=y |type=asp}}</ref><ref name=MIN>{{Cite web |url=http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/azg/KHOY/6.asp |title=Form 6: TEMPERATURE RECORDS LOWEST IN C. Station: Khoy(40703) |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=Chaharmahalmet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819214242/http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/azg/KHOY/6.asp |archive-date=19 August 2014 |url-status=unfit |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization |no-pp=y |type=asp}}</ref> Meteomanz(since 2021)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.meteomanz.com/sy3?l=1&cou=2060&ind=40703&m1=01&y1=2018&m2=07&y2=2024 |title=KHOY - Weather data by months |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=meteomanz}}</ref>
}} }}

</div>
{{Notelist-lr}}


==Sights== ==Sights==
Khoy is well known for the tomb of ], renowned Iranian poet and mystic. Khoy is well known for the ], renowned Iranian poet and mystic.
] ]'' - railway bridge Khoy]]
] ]


<gallery> <gallery>
file:Khoy towers.jpg|Khoy towers File:Khoy city.iran.jpg|
File:Khoy city center in iran country.jpg|city center square
file:Khoy views.JPG|Khoy views
file:Fanaie.JPG|Khoy city File:Iran bazar khoy.jpg|Khoy bazaar
File:Khaneh_kabiri_khoy4.jpg|historical Kabiri House in Khoy
file:Khoy city.iran.jpg|
File:Plane & airport of khoy.JPG|Khoy Airport
file:Khoy city center in iran country.jpg|city center sqr
file:Iran bazar khoy.jpg|khoy bazaar
file:Khaneh_kabiri_khoy4.jpg|historical Kabiri House in Khoi
file:Mahlezan church.jpg| Khoy church
file:Tran yolu.JPG|Khoy train station
file:Plane & airport of khoy.JPG|Khoy Airport
Image:Darvazeh sangi khoy.jpg|Stone gate of Khoy Image:Darvazeh sangi khoy.jpg|Stone gate of Khoy
Image:Khaneh kabiri khoy.jpg|''Kabiri House'' Image:Khaneh kabiri khoy.jpg|''Kabiri House''
Image:Khaneh kabiri khoy2.jpg|''Kabiri House'' Image:Khaneh kabiri khoy2.jpg|''Kabiri House''
Image:Khaneh kabiri khoy3.jpg|''Kabiri House'' Image:Khaneh kabiri khoy3.jpg|''Kabiri House''
Image:Khoybridge.jpg| ''bridge of Khoy'' Image:Khoybridge.jpg|'']''
Image:Khoybridge2.jpg|''bridge of Khoy'' Image:Khoybridge2.jpg|'']''
Image:Mahlezan church.jpg|''Mahlezan church'' Image:Mahlezan church.jpg|''Mahlezan church''
Image:Serkis Khoy.jpg| '']'' Image:Serkis Khoy.jpg|'']''
Image:Shamseddine tabrizi tower khoy.jpg|''Tomb of Shams Tabrizi'' Image:Shamseddine tabrizi tower khoy.jpg|''Tomb of Shams Tabrizi''
Image:Shamstower.jpg|''Tomb of Shams Tabrizi'' Image:Shamstower.jpg|''Tomb of Shams Tabrizi''
Line 192: Line 290:


==Famous places== ==Famous places==
{{Commons category|Xoy}}
* Tomb of ], Shams Tabrizi Tower * Tomb of ], Shams Tabrizi Tower
* Bastam and Bolourabad Castles * Bastam and Bolourabad Castles
Line 202: Line 299:
* Ghotour Iron Bridge<ref> * Ghotour Iron Bridge<ref>
{{cite web {{cite web
|title=Ghotour Valley Bridge |title = Ghotour Valley Bridge
|publisher=American Bridge Company |publisher = American Bridge Company
|url=http://www.americanbridge.net/Experience/experience_detail.php?prj_ab_id=GhotGhot04082004093855700 |url = http://www.americanbridge.net/Experience/experience_detail.php?prj_ab_id=GhotGhot04082004093855700
|access-date = 25 March 2013
|accessdate=2013-03-25
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130223020745/http://www.americanbridge.net/Experience/experience_detail.php?prj_ab_id=GhotGhot04082004093855700
|archive-date = 23 February 2013
}}</ref> }}</ref>
* St. Sourp Serkis Church * ]
* ] * ]


==Famous natives== ==Notable natives==
''For a complete list see: ]'' ''For a complete list see: ]''
<gallery class="center" perrow=5> <gallery class="center" perrow="5">
File:Nasreddin (17th-century miniature).jpg|], satirical Sufi. File:Nasreddin (17th-century miniature).jpg|], satirical Sufi.
File:JahanShah1.JPG|], was the leader of the Kara Koyunlu oghuz Turks tribal federation in Azerbaijan and Arran. File:JahanShah1.JPG|], was the leader of the Kara Koyunlu oghuz Turks tribal federation in Azerbaijan and Arran.
File:Jaleh Amouzgar.JPG|], is an ] and a university professor.
File:Ayatollah Khoi-1.jpg|], was one of the most influential Twelver Shia Islamic scholars.
File:Jaleh Amouzgar.JPG|] , is a world-class Iranist and a university professor. File:Behrouz Vossoughi.jpg|], is an Iranian actor.
File:ZARYAB KHOIE.jpg|], was a historian, translator, literature Professor and Iranologist.
File:Behrouz Vossoughi.jpg|], is an Iranian actor.
</gallery> </gallery>


==Twin towns== ==Twin towns==
* {{flagicon|TUR}} ], ] (since 2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tehrantimes.com/arts-and-culture/3268-rumi-remembered-in-birth-place-of-shams|title=Rumi Remembered in Birthplace of Shams|accessdate=21 March 2015}}</ref> * {{flagicon|TUR}} ], ] (since 2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tehrantimes.com/arts-and-culture/3268-rumi-remembered-in-birth-place-of-shams|title=Rumi Remembered in Birthplace of Shams|access-date=21 March 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407030029/http://tehrantimes.com/arts-and-culture/3268-rumi-remembered-in-birth-place-of-shams|archive-date=7 April 2015}}</ref>


==See also== ==See also==
* ] (tribe)
{{Portal|Iran|Iranian Azerbaijan}}
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ]

{{Commons category-inline|Khoy}}

{{Portal-inline|Iran}}
{{clear}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}


==References== ==References==
Line 233: Line 340:


==Sources== ==Sources==
* {{cite book|last1=Atabaki|first1=Touraj|authorlink1=Touraj Atabaki|title=Iran and the First World War: Battleground of the Great Powers|date=2006|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1860649646|url=https://books.google.nl/books?id=M3adD9kNH1gC&dq=russians+occupy+khoy&hl=nl&source=gbs_navlinks_s|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last1=Atabaki|first1=Touraj|author-link1=Touraj Atabaki|title=Iran and the First World War: Battleground of the Great Powers|date=2006|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1860649646|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M3adD9kNH1gC&q=russians+occupy+khoy}}
* {{Encyclopædia Iranica Online|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-iranica-online/khoy-koy-COM_365310|title=Khoy (Ḵoy)|first=Kevin|last=Gledhill|year=2022}}
* {{cite book|last=Manandian|first=Hakop|authorlink=Hakob Manandian|editor-first=Nina|editor-last=Garsoïan|editor-link=Nina Garsoïan|url=https://archive.org/details/tradecitiesofarm0000mana|title=The Trade and Cities of Armenia in Relation to Ancient World Trade|publisher=Livraria Bertrand|year=1965}} {{Registration required}}


==External links== ==External links==
* * {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603172151/http://khoykids.com/ |date=3 June 2013 }}
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
{{Clear}}


{{Authority control}}
{{West Azarbaijan Province}}

{{Khoy County}}
{{West Azerbaijan Province|state=collapsed}}

{{Khoy County|state=collapsed}}


] ]

]
] ]

Latest revision as of 11:25, 25 December 2024

City in West Azerbaijan province, Iran For the administrative division of West Azerbaijan province, see Khoy County. For the village in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, see Khoy. For Serer divination ceremony, see Xooy. For other uses of a similar name, see Khoi.

City in West Azerbaijan, Iran
Khoy Persian: خوی
City
Khoy is located in IranKhoyKhoy
Coordinates: 38°32′47″N 44°57′15″E / 38.54639°N 44.95417°E / 38.54639; 44.95417
CountryIran
ProvinceWest Azerbaijan
CountyKhoy
DistrictCentral
Government
 • MayorHassan Nasrollah pour
 • ParliamentAdel Najafzadeh
Elevation1,148 m (3,769 ft)
Population
 • Total198,845
Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST)
Area code044-3
Websitewww.khoy.ir

Khoy (Azerbaijani: Xoy, Persian: خوی) is a city in the Central District of Khoy County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Occupied since Median times, it shares a long history as an important Christian center.

History

Khoy was named in ancient times for the salt mines that made it an important spur of the Silk Route. 3000 years ago, a city existed on the area where Khoy is located nowadays, but its name became Khoy only in the 14th centuries ago. In 714 BC, Sargon II passed the region of which Khoy is part of in a campaign against Urartu.

During the reign of Greater Armenia this city was a part of Nor-Shirakan province (ashkar). Khoy was mentioned in the 8th century AD and was called Her by Anania Shirakatsi in "Ashkharatsuyts".

In the Parthian period, Khoy was the gateway of the Parthian Empire in the Northwest. During the reign of Armenian king Tigranes the Great, Khoy is mentioned as being an important settlement of the Silk Route. Around the year 37 BC, Mark Antony had crossed the plain that is located between Khoy and Marand during one of the many and frequent Roman-Parthian Wars.

Scholars such as Josef Markwart consider Khoy to be the identical to the Gobdi station mentioned in the Tabula Peutingeriana.

One of the important historic elements of the city is Surp Sarkis Church. Armenian documents wrote that the date of the making has to be either 332 or 333 AD. In the city and its surrounding villages, churches are seen and it is reported that Armenians have always been comprising a significant amount of the city’s population.

By the first half of the 11th century the Byzantine emperors were actively trying to round off their eastern territories, in an attempt to absorb the unstable Armenian dynasties. In 1021-2 emperor Basil II led his army as far as Khoy within 175 km of Dvin, and obtained the surrender of royalty from the Artsruni dynasty of Van.

In 1210, the city was conquered by the forces of Kingdom of Georgia sent by Tamar the Great under the command of Zakaria and Ivane Mkhargrdzeli. This was a response to the sacking of Georgian-controlled Ani which occurred in 1208 and left 12,000 Christians dead.

The city was ruled over by Malika, wife of Jalal al-Din Mangburni after his conquest of the city in the late 1220s.

Modern period

Gold coin of Karim Khan Zand, struck at the Khoy mint, dated 1779

In the wake of the demise of the Safavids, the Ottomans took Khoy on 6 May 1724, a territorial gain which was confirmed with Imperial Russia through the Treaty of Constantinople (1724).

Until 1828, Khoy had a large number of Armenians; however, the Treaty of Turkmenchay (1828), gave the Russians the right to encourage Armenians to immigrate into the Russian Empire. Nevertheless, a small Armenian population remained living in Khoy. This was noted by an American missionary in 1834. He noted further that in the villages around Khoy there were a few more, but the vast majority had migrated to the North of the Aras river following Russia's victory over Persia in 1828 and the encouraged settling in the newly incorporated Russian regions of Eastern Armenia.

With the advent of the 1910s, Khoy was occupied by Ottoman troops, but they were completely expelled from the area by the Russians by 1911. Khoy was one of the many cities in Iran which garrisoned Russian infantry and Cossacks. The Russians retreated at the time of Enver Pasha's offensive in the Iran-Caucasus region, but returned in around early 1916, and stayed in the region up to the wake of the Russian Revolution. In 1918, for a final brief period, the Ottomans took Khoy until the decisive end of World War I and the Armistice of Mudros. In World War II, Khoy was again occupied by Soviet troops, who remained until 1946. After 1946 the city indefinitely became part of Iran and is located in the far northwest of the country.

Demographics

Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 178,708 in 45,090 households. The following census in 2011 counted 200,958 people in 57,149 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 198,845 people in 59,964 households.

Geography

Location

Khoy is north of the province's capital and largest city Urmia, and 807 km north-west to Tehran. The region's economy is based on agriculture, particularly the production of fruit, grain, and timber. Khoy is nicknamed as the Sunflower city of Iran. At the 2006 census, the city had a population of 178,708, with an estimated 2012 population of 200,985. Khoy is largely populated by ethnic Azerbaijanis, except for the residents of the western edge of Khoy, who are mostly Kurds; The majority of the population (more than 90%) subscribes to the Shiite sect of Islam. The Kurds of this less, who live mostly in a nomadic way as opposed to the mostly settled Azerbaijanis, are largely Sunni and are composed of two independent tribes, Shakkak and Madrumi.

Climate

Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as cold semi-arid (BSk).


Highest recorded temperature:42.8 °C (109.0 °F) on 26 July 2020
Lowest recorded temperature:−30.0 °C (−22.0 °F) on 24 January 1964

Climate data for Khoy (1991-2020, extremes 1959-present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 17.0
(62.6) 		20.2
(68.4) 		27.2
(81.0) 		32.0
(89.6) 		35.6
(96.1) 		39.8
(103.6) 		42.8
(109.0) 		41.6
(106.9) 		40.0
(104.0) 		32.6
(90.7) 		25.0
(77.0) 		21.4
(70.5) 		42.8
(109.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 3.4
(38.1) 		7.1
(44.8) 		13.4
(56.1) 		19.2
(66.6) 		24.1
(75.4) 		29.8
(85.6) 		33.1
(91.6) 		33.3
(91.9) 		28.9
(84.0) 		21.7
(71.1) 		12.8
(55.0) 		5.6
(42.1) 		19.4
(66.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) −1.5
(29.3) 		1.5
(34.7) 		7.3
(45.1) 		12.9
(55.2) 		17.5
(63.5) 		22.6
(72.7) 		25.8
(78.4) 		25.5
(77.9) 		20.8
(69.4) 		14.3
(57.7) 		6.6
(43.9) 		0.6
(33.1) 		12.8
(55.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −6.0
(21.2) 		−3.7
(25.3) 		1.2
(34.2) 		6.3
(43.3) 		10.6
(51.1) 		14.6
(58.3) 		17.8
(64.0) 		17.3
(63.1) 		12.4
(54.3) 		7.2
(45.0) 		1.3
(34.3) 		−3.4
(25.9) 		6.3
(43.3)
Record low °C (°F) −30.0
(−22.0) 		−27.0
(−16.6) 		−20.6
(−5.1) 		−8.0
(17.6) 		−0.2
(31.6) 		3.4
(38.1) 		8.0
(46.4) 		7.0
(44.6) 		2.0
(35.6) 		−7.0
(19.4) 		−15.7
(3.7) 		−25.4
(−13.7) 		−30.0
(−22.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 15.0
(0.59) 		16.6
(0.65) 		29.4
(1.16) 		46.1
(1.81) 		47.1
(1.85) 		23.8
(0.94) 		9.7
(0.38) 		6.0
(0.24) 		10.1
(0.40) 		19.7
(0.78) 		25.6
(1.01) 		18.7
(0.74) 		267.8
(10.55)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 3.4 3.8 5.2 7.5 8.5 4.2 1.8 1.3 1.8 3.4 4.1 4.4 49.4
Average rainy days 2.1 3.1 7.3 11.6 10.4 4.8 2.2 2 2.6 5.7 5.7 3.9 61.4
Average snowy days 5 5.1 2.9 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 1.7 4 19.1
Average relative humidity (%) 74 66 56 55 55 47 45 44 48 58 68 76 58
Average dew point °C (°F) −6.0
(21.2) 		−5.0
(23.0) 		−2.0
(28.4) 		2.7
(36.9) 		7.1
(44.8) 		9.4
(48.9) 		11.9
(53.4) 		11.2
(52.2) 		8.0
(46.4) 		5.0
(41.0) 		0.5
(32.9) 		−3.6
(25.5) 		3.3
(37.9)
Mean monthly sunshine hours 117 146 183 204 254 317 344 335 289 224 167 113 2,693
Source 1: NCEI (snow and sleet days 1981-2010)
Source 2: IRIMO(extremes 1959-2010) Meteomanz(since 2021)
  1. Rainy days calculated using parameters 46 and 71 from the first source. (days with rain showers and days with rain/drizzle)

Sights

Khoy is well known for the tomb of Shams Tabrizi, renowned Iranian poet and mystic.

Ghotour Bridge - railway bridge Khoy
Tomb of Shams Tabrizi 9
  • city center square city center square
  • Khoy bazaar Khoy bazaar
  • historical Kabiri House in Khoy historical Kabiri House in Khoy
  • Khoy Airport Khoy Airport
  • Stone gate of Khoy Stone gate of Khoy
  • Kabiri House Kabiri House
  • Kabiri House Kabiri House
  • Kabiri House Kabiri House
  • Ghotour Bridge Ghotour Bridge
  • Ghotour Bridge Ghotour Bridge
  • Mahlezan church Mahlezan church
  • Serkis Serkis
  • Tomb of Shams Tabrizi Tomb of Shams Tabrizi
  • Tomb of Shams Tabrizi Tomb of Shams Tabrizi
  • Stone gate of Khoy Stone gate of Khoy

Famous places

Notable natives

For a complete list see: Category:People from Khoy

Twin towns

See also

Media related to Khoy at Wikimedia Commons

flag Iran portal

Notes

  1. Also romanized as Khoi; Kurdish: خۆی, romanized as Xoy; Armenian: Հեր, romanized as Her

References

  1. OpenStreetMap contributors (25 September 2024). "Khoy, Khoy County" (Map). OpenStreetMap (in Persian). Retrieved 25 September 2024.
  2. "Xoy, Iran Page". Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 7 July 2008.
  3. ^ Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): West Azerbaijan Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 30 August 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  4. Khoy can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3071618" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  5. "چوار کۆڵبەر لە سنورەکانی بانە و خۆی کوژران و برینداربون" (in Kurdish). 9 May 2020. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  6. Habibi, Hassan (c. 2023) . Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of West Azerbaijan province, centered in the city of Urmia. lamtakam.com (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council. Notification 82808/T137. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023 – via Lam ta Kam.
  7. ^ Andrew Burke, "Iran" pp. 138. Lonely Planet. ISBN 1742203493
  8. ^ Lida Balilan Asl, Elham Jafari. "Khoy's Expansion from Early Islam to Late Qajar According to Historical Documents" published spring 2013. vol 3
  9. Manandian 1965, p. 113.
  10. Minorsky, Vladimir (1953). Studies in Caucasian History: I. New Light on the Shaddadids of Ganja II. The Shaddadids of Ani III. Prehistory of Saladin. CUP Archive. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-521-05735-6.
  11. L. Baker, Patricia; Smith, Hilary; Oleynik, Maria (2014). Iran. London, United Kingdom: Bradt Travel Guides. p. 158. ISBN 978-1841624020.
  12. Salia, Kalistrat (1983). History of the Georgian nation. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin. p. 181.
  13. Mikaberidze, Alexander (2011). Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. Santa Barbara, California, USA: ABC-CLIO. p. 196. ISBN 978-1598843361.
  14. Tamta's World by Anthony Eastmond, page 108
  15. Somel, Selcuk Aksin (2003). Historical Dictionary of the Ottoman Empire. Scarecrow Press. p. xlvi. ISBN 978-0810866065.
  16. ^ Smith noted that the city had between 4000 and 7000 Muslim families, while only about 100 Armenian families were left. Smith, Eli (1834). Missionary Researches in Armenia: Including a Journey through Asia Minor, and into Georgia and Persia. G. Wightmann. p. 315.
  17. ^ Atabaki 2006, p. 70.
  18. Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): West Azerbaijan Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  19. Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): West Azerbaijan Province. irandataportal.syr.edu (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022 – via Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University.
  20. encyclopaedia islamica:اهالی شهرستان خوی به زبان ترکی سخن می‌گویند (صدرایی‌خویی، 1373ش، ص 65)
  21. Encyclopedia of Islamic World:به جز ساکنان حاشیه غربی شهرستان خوی که بیشتر کرد هستند؛ اکثریت جمعیت منطقه (بیش از ۹۰٪) شیعه دوازده امامی‌اند. کردهای این منطقه بیشتر به صورت عشایری زندگی می‌کنند و از دو طایفه مستقل کره‌سنی و مدرومی هستند
  22. "Climate: Khoy - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
  23. "KHOY - Month summary: July 2020". meteomanz. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
  24. ^ "Form 6: TEMPERATURE RECORDS LOWEST IN C. Station: Khoy(40703)". Chaharmahalmet (asp). Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
  25. "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Khoy" (CSV). ncei.noaa.gov. National Oceanic and Atmosoheric Administration. Retrieved 24 April 2024. WMO number: 40703
  26. "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981-2010: Khoy" (XLS). ncei.noaa.gov. National Oceanic and Atmosoheric Administration. p. 26. Retrieved 24 April 2024. WMO number: 40703
  27. "Form 7: TEMPERATURE RECORDS HIGHEST IN C. Station: Khoy(40703)". Chaharmahalmet (asp). Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
  28. "KHOY - Weather data by months". meteomanz. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
  29. "Ghotour Valley Bridge". American Bridge Company. Archived from the original on 23 February 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
  30. "Rumi Remembered in Birthplace of Shams". Archived from the original on 7 April 2015. Retrieved 21 March 2015.

Sources

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West Azerbaijan province, Iran
List of cities, towns and villages in West Azerbaijan Province
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