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{{Orphan|date=June 2014}} {{More citations needed|date=October 2016}}
The '''''Écoles gratuites de dessin''''' (] for ''free drawing schools'') were several ]s founded in eighteenth-century ], notably the '''''École Royale Gratuite de Dessin''''' in ].
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{{merge to |École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs|date= October 2016}}


Around sixty independent ''Écoles gratuites de dessin'' were established in France during the eighteenth century ]. They provided drawing lessons to the general public, including to apprentices whose craft required the ability to draw. The schools were mostly established in provincial France between 1750 and 1792. In 1777, a royal declaration subjected the schools to the authority of the ], but this did not hinder their development.<ref name="Grandière"/>
''École Gratuite de Dessin'' is the name of various art schools in France, notably the Royal Free School of Art (École royale gratuite de dessin), or ''Petite École'', founded in 1766 by ], confirmed in 1767 by letters patent from ]. After several changes of name, in 1877 the school became the National School of Decorative Arts (École nationale des arts décoratifs) before taking its present name ] (ENSAD) in 1927.


The schools varied in size from single-teacher schools with a few dozen students to those in ] and ] which had more than twelve teachers and several hundred students. The Paris school of ] may have had up to 1,500 students. Some of the schools taught ] and ] as well as drawing.<ref name="Grandière"/>
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ecole Gratuite de Dessin}} ==École Royale Gratuite de Dessin==
{{see also|École Nationale Supérieure des Arts Décoratifs}}
⚫ ]
The ''École Royale Gratuite de Dessin'' (Royal Free Drawing School), also known as the ''École Gratuite de Dessin'' or the ''Petite École'', was founded in 1766 by ],<ref></ref> and confirmed in 1767 by letters patent from ]. After several changes of name, in 1877 the school became the ''École Nationale des Arts Décoratifs'' (National School of Decorative Arts) before taking its present name of '']'' (ENSAD, Higher National School of Decorative Arts) in 1927.<ref>(fr)</ref>


==References==
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{{reflist|
<ref name="Grandière">{{cite book|last=Grandière|first=Marcel|editor-last=Lahalle|editor-first=Agnès|title=Les écoles de dessin au XVIIIe siècle : entre arts libéraux et arts mécaniques|chapter=Préface|date=2006|publisher=Presses universitaires de Rennes|isbn=9782753503168|url=http://histoire-education.revues.org/586|language=fr|trans-title=The drawing schools in the eighteenth century : between fine art and crafts}}</ref>
}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ecoles Gratuites de Dessin}}
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Latest revision as of 16:41, 5 August 2024

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The Écoles gratuites de dessin (French for free drawing schools) were several art schools founded in eighteenth-century France, notably the École Royale Gratuite de Dessin in Paris.

Around sixty independent Écoles gratuites de dessin were established in France during the eighteenth century Age of Enlightenment. They provided drawing lessons to the general public, including to apprentices whose craft required the ability to draw. The schools were mostly established in provincial France between 1750 and 1792. In 1777, a royal declaration subjected the schools to the authority of the Académie Royale, but this did not hinder their development.

The schools varied in size from single-teacher schools with a few dozen students to those in Bordeaux and Marseille which had more than twelve teachers and several hundred students. The Paris school of Jean-Jacques Bachelier may have had up to 1,500 students. Some of the schools taught painting and sculpture as well as drawing.

École Royale Gratuite de Dessin

See also: École Nationale Supérieure des Arts Décoratifs

The École Royale Gratuite de Dessin (Royal Free Drawing School), also known as the École Gratuite de Dessin or the Petite École, was founded in 1766 by Jean-Jacques Bachelier, and confirmed in 1767 by letters patent from Louis XV of France. After several changes of name, in 1877 the school became the École Nationale des Arts Décoratifs (National School of Decorative Arts) before taking its present name of École Nationale Supérieure des Arts Décoratifs (ENSAD, Higher National School of Decorative Arts) in 1927.

References

  1. ^ Grandière, Marcel (2006). "Préface". In Lahalle, Agnès (ed.). Les écoles de dessin au XVIIIe siècle : entre arts libéraux et arts mécaniques [The drawing schools in the eighteenth century : between fine art and crafts] (in French). Presses universitaires de Rennes. ISBN 9782753503168.
  2. Benezit Dictionary of Artists
  3. (fr)Data.Bnf
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