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{{short description|Popular fad diet}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
The '''South Beach Diet''' is a popular ] developed by ] and promoted in a best-selling 2003 book.<ref name=goff/><ref name=KYfad>Sandra Bastin for University of Kentucky Extension Service. August 1998; revised March 2004. </ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=People to watch|journal=Nature Medicine|volume=12|issue=1|year=2006|pages=29–29|issn=1078-8956|doi=10.1038/nm0106-29|quote=James Hill wants Americans to shed pounds. But instead of promoting any one fad diet, he embraces most--Atkins, South Beach, grapefruit-only--as relatively effective ways to lose weight.}}</ref> It emphasizes eating ], ] ]s, ]s, and lean ], and categorizes carbohydrates and fats as "good" or "bad".<ref name=Goodnough03/> Like other ]s,<ref name=fad>{{cite book|work=Nutrition and Diet Therapy|vauthors=DeBruyne L, Pinna K, Whitney E |title=Nutrition and Diet Therapy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GaEKAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT209|year=2011|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=1-133-71550-8|page=209|chapter=Chapter 7: Nutrition in practice &mdash; fad diets|quote='a fad diet by any other name would still be a fad diet.' And the names are legion: the Atkins Diet, the Cheater's Diet, the South Beach Diet, the Zone Diet. Year after year, 'new and improved' diets appear ...|edition=8th}}</ref> it may have elements which are generally recognized as sensible, but it promises benefits not backed by supporting evidence or sound science.<ref name=goff/><ref name=dubious/> The '''South Beach Diet''' is a popular ] developed by ] and promoted in his bestselling 2003 book.<ref name=goff/><ref name=KYfad>Sandra Bastin for University of Kentucky Extension Service. August 1998; revised March 2004. </ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=People to watch|journal=Nature Medicine|volume=12|issue=1|year=2006|pages=29|issn=1078-8956|doi=10.1038/nm0106-29|s2cid=26068107|quote=James Hill wants Americans to shed pounds. But instead of promoting any one fad diet, he embraces most--Atkins, South Beach, grapefruit-only--as relatively effective ways to lose weight.}}</ref> It emphasizes eating food with a low ], and categorizes carbohydrates and fats as "good" or "bad".<ref name=Goodnough03/> Like other fad diets,<ref name=fad>{{cite book|vauthors=DeBruyne L, Pinna K, Whitney E |title=Nutrition and Diet Therapy|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GaEKAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT209|year=2011|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-1-133-71550-4|page=209|chapter=Chapter 7: Nutrition in practice – fad diets|quote='a fad diet by any other name would still be a fad diet.' And the names are legion: the Atkins Diet, the Cheater's Diet, the South Beach Diet, the Zone Diet. Year after year, 'new and improved' diets appear ...|edition=8th}}</ref> it may have elements which are generally recognized as sensible, but it promises benefits not backed by supporting evidence or sound science.<ref name=goff/><ref name=dubious/>


== Technique == == Technique ==
The diet has three stages, and gradually increases the proportion of carbohydrate consumed as it progresses while simultaneously decreasing the proportions of fat and protein.<ref name=ideal>{{cite journal |vauthors=Chahoud G, Aude YW, Mehta JL |title=Dietary recommendations in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease: do we have the ideal diet yet? |journal=Am. J. Cardiol. |volume=94 |issue=10 |pages=1260–7 |date=November 2004 |pmid=15541241 |doi=10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.07.109 |type=Review}}</ref> It includes a number of recommended foods such as lean meats and vegetables, and has a concept of "good" (mostly ]) fats.<ref name=ideal/> It makes no restriction on calorie intake, includes an exercise program, and is based around taking three main meals and two snacks per day.<ref name=nhs/> The diet has three stages and gradually increases the proportion of carbohydrate consumed as it progresses while simultaneously decreasing the proportions of fat and protein.<ref name=ideal>{{cite journal |vauthors=Chahoud G, Aude YW, Mehta JL |title=Dietary recommendations in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease: do we have the ideal diet yet? |journal=American Journal of Cardiology |volume=94 |issue=10 |pages=1260–7 |date=November 2004 |pmid=15541241 |doi=10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.07.109 |type=Review}}</ref> It includes a number of recommended foods such as ]s and ]s and has a concept of "good" (mostly ]) fats.<ref name=ideal/> It makes no restriction on calorie intake, includes an exercise program, and is based around taking three main meals and two snacks per day.<ref name=nhs/>


The first stage of the diet aims for rapid weight loss (13&nbsp;lbs in 2&nbsp;weeks). According to the ], (NHS) the severity of the first stage of the diet may result in the loss of some vitamins, minerals and fiber. The NHS reports that dietary restrictions during stage one may cause side effects including "bad breath, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness, insomnia, nausea and constipation."<ref name=nhs/> Such symptoms would be rectified once the less extreme phases of the diet then began.<ref name=nhs>{{cite web |title=Top diets review for 2014 § South Beach Diet |url=http://www.nhs.uk/livewell/loseweight/pages/top-10-most-popular-diets-review.aspx#south-beach-diet |publisher=] |date=20 December 2013}}</ref> The first stage of the diet aims for rapid weight loss (8 to 13&nbsp;lbs in two weeks). According to the UK's ] (NHS), the severity of the first stage of the diet may result in the loss of some ]s, ]s and ]. The NHS reports that dietary restrictions during stage one may cause side effects including "], a ], ], ], ], ], and ]."<ref name=nhs/> Such symptoms would be rectified once the less extreme phases of the diet then began.<ref name=nhs>{{cite web |title=Top diets review for 2014 § South Beach Diet |url=http://www.nhs.uk/livewell/loseweight/pages/top-10-most-popular-diets-review.aspx#south-beach-diet |publisher=] |date=20 December 2013}}</ref>


== Health effects == == Health effects ==
Like other ], the South Beach Diet has been marketed with bold claims that are not supported by evidence and with an unrealistic promise of easy weight loss.<ref name=dubious/> The book which promotes it also contains some incorrect and misleading information.<ref name=goff>{{cite journal|pmc=1924692 | pmid=16808780 | doi=10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00501.x | volume=21 | issue=7 | title=Brief Report: nutrition and weight loss information in a popular diet book: is it fact, fiction, or something in between? |date=July 2006 | journal=J Gen Intern Med | pages=769–74 |vauthors=Goff SL, Foody JM, Inzucchi S, Katz D, Mayne ST, Krumholz HM }}</ref><ref name=Goodnough03/> Nevertheless, some aspects of the diet correspond with dietary advice which is recognized as sensible:<ref name=dubious>{{cite journal |title=Sizing up South Beach. It makes some good points, but The South Beach Diet has problems typical of diet books: lack of proof and some dubious claims |journal=Harv Health Lett |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=5 |date=November 2003 |pmid=14633496 |doi= |url=}}</ref> its last two stages are sufficiently nutritious to be considered healthy.<ref name=nhs/> Like other ], the South Beach Diet has been marketed with bold claims that are not supported by evidence and with an unrealistic promise of easy weight loss.<ref name=dubious/> The book that promotes it also contains some incorrect and misleading information.<ref name=goff>{{cite journal|pmc=1924692 | pmid=16808780 | doi=10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00501.x | volume=21 | issue=7 | title=Brief Report: nutrition and weight loss information in a popular diet book: is it fact, fiction, or something in between? |date=July 2006 | journal=Journal of General Internal Medicine | pages=769–74 |vauthors=Goff SL, Foody JM, Inzucchi S, Katz D, Mayne ST, Krumholz HM }}</ref><ref name=Goodnough03/> Nevertheless, some aspects of the diet correspond with dietary advice that is recognized as sensible:<ref name=dubious>{{cite journal |title=Sizing up South Beach. It makes some good points, but The South Beach Diet has problems typical of diet books: lack of proof and some dubious claims |journal=Harvard Health Letters |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=5 |date=November 2003 |pmid=14633496 }}</ref> its last two stages are sufficiently nutritious to be considered healthy.<ref name=nhs/> Like other high-fat diets, its short-term safety has been established, but its long-term safety has not.<ref name=zoning>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lara-Castro C, Garvey WT|title=Diet, insulin resistance, and obesity: zoning in on data for Atkins dieters living in South Beach|journal=Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism|volume=89|issue=9|pages=4197–205|year=2004|pmid=15356006|doi=10.1210/jc.2004-0683|type=Review|doi-access=free}}</ref>


The diet is promoted with claims it can improve ], but these claims have not been borne out by evidence.<ref name=four>{{cite journal |vauthors=Atallah R, Filion KB, Wakil SM, Genest J, Joseph L, Poirier P, Rinfret S, Schiffrin EL, Eisenberg MJ |title=Long-term effects of 4 popular diets on weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials |journal=Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes |volume=7 |issue=6 |pages=815–27 |year=2014 |pmid=25387778 |doi=10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000723 |type=Systematic review |laysummary=http://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2014/11/12/13/23/study-examines-effects-of-popular-diets-on-weight-loss-and-cv-risk-factors}}</ref>{{Disputed inline|Latest edit-warring to restore inaccurate content.|date=January 2017}} The diet is promoted as improving risk factors associated with ], but the effectiveness for improving these risk factors is unclear because no evidence on its effects is available.<ref name=four>{{cite journal|vauthors=Atallah R, Filion KB, Wakil SM, Genest J, Joseph L, Poirier P, Rinfret S, Schiffrin EL, Eisenberg MJ|title=Long-term effects of 4 popular diets on weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials|journal=Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes|volume=7|issue=6|pages=815–27|year=2014|doi=10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000723|pmid=25387778|type=Systematic review |doi-access=}}</ref> A trial found no change in weight loss compared to usual care.<ref name=four/>


The ] recommends that, as with other similar diets, people get medical advice before trying the South Beach diet.<ref name=mayo2014>{{cite web|title=South Beach Diet|url=http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-living/weight-loss/in-depth/south-beach-diet/art-20048491|website=Mayo Clinic|accessdate=23 September 2014}}</ref> Some concerns about the South Beach Diet and other low carbohydrate diets is the lack of dietary fiber, which is generally considered to aid in weight loss.<ref name=slavin>{{cite journal |author=Slavin JL |title=Dietary fiber and body weight |journal=Nutrition |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=411–8 |date=March 2005 |pmid=15797686 |doi=10.1016/j.nut.2004.08.018 |type=Review}}</ref> South Beach Diet and other low-carbohydrate diets lack dietary fiber. ] is generally considered to aid weight loss and to help prevent ].<ref name=slavin>{{cite journal |author=Slavin JL |title=Dietary fiber and body weight |journal=Nutrition |volume=21|issue=3|pages=411–8|date=March 2005|doi=10.1016/j.nut.2004.08.018|pmid=15797686|type=Review}}</ref>


== Difference from other low-carb diets == == Difference from other low-carb diets ==
Many sources place the South Beach Diet on lists of "low carb" diets such as the ]. While the South Beach diet does prohibit foods rich in simple carbohydrates such as white bread, white potatoes and white rice,<ref name="webmd.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.webmd.com/diet/south-beach-diet-what-it-is |title=The South Beach Diet Review |publisher=Webmd.com |accessdate=2013-08-08}}</ref> it does not require dieters to forgo carbohydrates entirely or even measure their intake. Instead, it focuses on the "glycemic impact" (short term change in blood glucose) of foods. (Nutritionists continue, however, to question the net benefit of the first phase to dieters not affected by impaired glucose metabolism.) Many vegetables are permitted even in phase 1. Complex, fiber-rich carbohydrate sources such as brown rice and 100% whole grain bread are permitted during phase 2. Agatston has tried to distance the South Beach Diet from "low carb" approaches; in the ''South Beach Diet'' book he wrote: "It is my purpose to teach neither low-fat nor low-carb. I want you to learn to choose the right fats and the right carbs."<ref>Arthur Agatston. The South Beach Diet: The Delicious, Doctor-Designed, Foolproof Plan for Fast and Healthy Weight Loss. Rodale, Apr 5, 2003. ISBN 9781579546465</ref>{{rp|22–23}} Many sources place the South Beach Diet on lists of "low carb" diets such as the ]. While the South Beach diet does prohibit foods rich in simple carbohydrates such as white bread, white potatoes and white rice,<ref name="webmd.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.webmd.com/diet/south-beach-diet-what-it-is |title=The South Beach Diet Review |publisher=Webmd.com |access-date=8 August 2013}}</ref> it does not require dieters to forgo carbohydrates entirely or even measure their intake. Instead, it focuses on the "glycemic impact" (short term change in blood glucose) of foods. (Nutritionists continue, however, to question the net benefit of the first phase to dieters not affected by impaired glucose metabolism.) Many vegetables are permitted even in phase 1. Complex, fiber-rich carbohydrate sources such as brown rice and 100% whole grain bread are permitted during phase 2. Agatston has tried to distance the South Beach Diet from "low carb" approaches; in the ''South Beach Diet'' book he wrote: "It is my purpose to teach neither low-fat nor low-carb. I want you to learn to choose the right fats and the right carbs."<ref>Arthur Agatston. The South Beach Diet: The Delicious, Doctor-Designed, Foolproof Plan for Fast and Healthy Weight Loss. Rodale, 5 April 2003. {{ISBN|9781579546465}}</ref>{{rp|22–23}}


== History == == History ==
The South Beach Diet was developed in the mid-1990s by preventive ] Dr. Arthur Agatston with the assistance of Marie Almon, the former chief ] at ] in ].<ref name=Witchel04>{{cite news |title=Doctor Wants 'South Beach' To Mean Hearts, Not Bikinis |author=Alex Witchel |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/14/dining/doctor-wants-south-beach-to-mean-hearts-not-bikinis.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm |work=] |date=April 14, 2004 }}</ref><ref name=Adato04>{{cite news |title=Life's a South Beach |author=Allison Adato |url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20149938,00.html |work=] |date=April 26, 2004}}</ref> Originally called the Modified Carbohydrate Diet, the plan was renamed the South Beach Diet after the ] neighborhood in Miami Beach near Agatston's practice.<ref name=mayo2014/><ref name=Witchel04/> The South Beach Diet was developed in the mid-1990s by ] Arthur Agatston with the assistance of Marie Almon, the former chief ] at ] in ].<ref name=fad2>{{cite book |work=Encyclopedia of Diet Fads: Understanding Science and Society |edition=2nd |title=Celebrity Doctors |year=2014 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |vauthors=Bijlefeld M, Zoumbaris SK |pages=127–128 |isbn=978-1-61069-760-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4jq2BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA41}}</ref><ref name=Witchel04>{{cite news |title=Doctor Wants 'South Beach' To Mean Hearts, Not Bikinis |author=Alex Witchel |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/14/dining/doctor-wants-south-beach-to-mean-hearts-not-bikinis.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm |work=] |date=14 April 2004 }}</ref><ref name=Adato04>{{cite news |title=Life's a South Beach |author=Allison Adato |url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20149938,00.html |work=] |date=26 April 2004}}</ref> Originally called the Modified Carbohydrate Diet, the plan was renamed the South Beach Diet after the ] neighborhood in Miami Beach near Agatston's practice.<ref name=Witchel04/>


The diet plan was initially developed for Agatston's own patients. Agatston noticed that the ] then-recommended ] and high-carbohydrate diet was not lowering his patients' weight, ] or ] levels, but that his patients on the ] diet were experiencing ]. Unwilling to prescribe the Atkins approach to patients with cardiac issues due to the diet's allowance of ] and limitation of carbohydrates containing fiber and other nutrients, Agatston referenced medical research to build an eating plan that categorized ]s and ]s as good or bad and emphasized lean protein and fiber.<ref name=Frontline04>{{cite news |title= The diet plan was initially developed for Agatston's own patients. Agatston noticed that the ]'s recommended ] and high-carbohydrate diet was not lowering his patients' weight, ], or ] levels, but that his patients on the ] diet were experiencing ]. Unwilling to prescribe the Atkins approach to patients with cardiac issues due to the diet's allowance of ] and limitation of carbohydrates containing fiber and other nutrients, Agatston referenced medical research to build an eating plan that categorized fats and ]s as good or bad and emphasized lean protein and fiber.<ref name=Frontline04>{{cite news |title=Diet Wars – Interview With Author Agatston, Author of the South Beach Diet |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/diet/interviews/agatston.html |work=] |date=8 August 2004 }}</ref>
Diet Wars - Interview With Author Agatston, Author of the South Beach Diet |url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/diet/interviews/agatston.html |work=] |date=August 8, 2004 }}</ref>


The plan grew in popularity as a method of weight loss as Agatston reported the results at conferences and patients distributed photocopies outlining the diet throughout the late 1990s and early ].<ref name=Frontline04/> In 1999 a Miami TV news show put people on the diet and broadcast the results, popularizing the diet locally.<ref name=Adato04/> The plan grew in popularity as a method of weight loss as Agatston reported the results at conferences and patients distributed photocopies outlining the diet throughout the late 1990s and early 2000s.<ref name=Frontline04/> In 1999 a Miami TV news show put people on the diet and broadcast the results, popularizing the diet locally.<ref name=Adato04/><ref></ref>


The first book describing the diet, ''The South Beach Diet'', was written by Agatston and was released in April 2003.<ref name=Goodnough03>{{cite news |title=New Doctor, New Diet, But Still No Cookies |author=Abby Goodnough |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/07/science/new-doctor-new-diet-but-still-no-cookies.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm |work=] |date=October 7, 2003}}</ref><ref name=Witchel04/><ref name=Trachtenberg04>{{cite news |title=Diet Book Found Novel Ways to Get To Top -- and Stay |author=Jefferey A. Trachtenberg |url=http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB108855292365851094 |work=] |date=June 30, 2004 }}</ref> By 2004 there about 8 million copies in print, a trade paperback ''South Beach Diet Good Fats/Good Carbs Guide'' had 3 million copies in print, and the ''The South Beach Diet Cookbook'' went on sale with a printing of 1.75 million copies.<ref name=Witchel04/> The first book describing the diet, ''The South Beach Diet'', was written by Agatston and was released in April 2003.<ref name=Goodnough03>{{cite news |title=New Doctor, New Diet, But Still No Cookies |author=Abby Goodnough |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/07/science/new-doctor-new-diet-but-still-no-cookies.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm |work=] |date=7 October 2003}}</ref><ref name=Witchel04/><ref name=Trachtenberg04>{{cite news |title=Diet Book Found Novel Ways to Get To Top – and Stay |author=Jefferey A. Trachtenberg |url=https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB108855292365851094 |work=] |date=30 June 2004 }}</ref> By 2004 there were about 8 million copies in print, a trade paperback ''South Beach Diet Good Fats/Good Carbs Guide'' had 3&nbsp;million copies in print, and ''The South Beach Diet Cookbook'' went on sale with a printing of 1.75&nbsp;million copies.<ref name=Witchel04/>


In 2004, the former US President ] was reported as being on the diet.<ref name=Sherwell10>{{cite news |title=Bill Clinton's new diet: nothing but beans, vegetables and fruit to combat heart disease |author=Philip Sherwell |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/8038801/Bill-Clintons-new-diet-nothing-but-beans-vegetables-and-fruit-to-combat-heart-disease.html |work=] |date=October 3, 2010 }}</ref> In 2004, former US President ] reportedly followed the diet.<ref name=Sherwell10>{{cite news |title=Bill Clinton's new diet: nothing but beans, vegetables and fruit to combat heart disease |author=Philip Sherwell |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/8038801/Bill-Clintons-new-diet-nothing-but-beans-vegetables-and-fruit-to-combat-heart-disease.html |work=] |date=3 October 2010 }}</ref>


In 2008, Agatston published ''The South Beach Diet Supercharged'', written with Joseph Signorile, a professor of ]; it included an ] program.<ref name=ANDsupercharged>Dawn Jackson Blatner for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. </ref> A review for the ] found that "Readers are likely to see success using this diet and fitness book. I recommend skipping the restrictive Phase One meal plans and instead follow the more balanced Phase Two diet. The simple 20-minute-a-day exercise program is a realistic and inexpensive approach to fitness."<ref name=ANDsupercharged/> In 2008, Agatston published ''The South Beach Diet Supercharged'', written with Joseph Signorile, a professor of ]; it included an ] program.<ref name=ANDsupercharged>Dawn Jackson Blatner for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. </ref> A review for the ] found that "Readers are likely to see success using this diet and fitness book. I recommend skipping the restrictive Phase One meal plans and instead follow the more balanced Phase Two diet. The simple 20-minute-a-day exercise program is a realistic and inexpensive approach to fitness."<ref name=ANDsupercharged/>


SBD Enterprises LLC, of which Agatston is a part owner,<ref name=WSJ/> owns the "South Beach Diet" trademark.<ref>{{cite web|title=SOUTH BEACH DIET Trademark of Agatston, Arthur S. - Registration Number 3213757 - Serial Number 76548397|url=https://trademarks.justia.com/765/48/south-beach-76548397.html|publisher=Justia|accessdate=16 December 2016}}</ref> In December 2015 ] acquired SBD for for $15M.<ref name=WSJ>{{cite news|last1=Beckerman|first1=Josh|title=Nutrisystem Buys South Beach Diet Brand|url=http://www.wsj.com/articles/nutrisystem-buys-south-beach-diet-brand-1450402584|work=Wall Street Journal|date=18 December 2015}}</ref><ref name=2015AR/>{{rp|20-21}}<ref>{{cite web|title=SBD Enterprises, LLC: Private Company Information|url=http://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=232429938|publisher=Bloomberg|accessdate=16 December 2016}}</ref> Nutrisystem, a publicly traded company, reported that in 2015 it spent $124 million in marketing<ref name=2015AR>{{cite web|title=Nutrisystem 10k for FY 2015|url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1096376/000156459016013605/ntri-10k_20151231.htm|publisher=SEC EDGAR|date=December 31, 2015}}</ref>{{rp|13}} and had $463M in revenue.<ref name=2015AR/>{{rp|24}} It also said that it planned to launch new lines of South Beach products by 2017 that it would market through retail stores and on the internet.<ref name=WSJ/><ref name=2015AR/>{{rp|21}} SBD Enterprises LLC, of which Agatston is a part owner,<ref name=WSJ/> owns the "South Beach Diet" trademark.<ref>{{cite web|title=South Beach Diet –Trademark of Agatston, Arthur S. – Registration Number 3213757 – Serial Number 76548397|url=https://trademarks.justia.com/765/48/south-beach-76548397.html|publisher=Justia|access-date=16 December 2016}}</ref> In December 2015, ] acquired SBD for $15&nbsp;million.<ref name=WSJ>{{cite news|last1=Beckerman|first1=Josh|title=Nutrisystem Buys South Beach Diet Brand|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/nutrisystem-buys-south-beach-diet-brand-1450402584|work=Wall Street Journal|date=18 December 2015}}</ref><ref name="2015AR">{{cite web|url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1096376/000156459016013605/ntri-10k_20151231.htm|title=Nutrisystem 10k for FY 2015|date=31 December 2015|publisher=SEC EDGAR}}</ref>{{rp|20–21}}<ref>{{cite web|title=SBD Enterprises, LLC: Private Company Information|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=232429938|publisher=Bloomberg|access-date=16 December 2016}}</ref> Nutrisystem said that it planned to launch new lines of South Beach products by 2017 that it would market through retail stores and on the internet.<ref name=WSJ/><ref name=2015AR/>{{rp|21}}

In December 2018, South Beach announced that they would launch a keto-friendly diet in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/weight-loss/a25603980/south-beach-diet-keto-program/|title=The South Beach Diet Just Launched A New Keto Program That Sounds Pretty Awesome|last=Miller|first=Korin|date=17 December 2018|website=Women's Health|language=en-US|access-date=27 November 2019}}</ref>


== See also == == See also ==
Line 46: Line 48:
* {{cite book |vauthors=Bijlefeld M, Zoumbaris SK |work=Encyclopedia of Diet Fads: Understanding Science and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4jq2BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 |year=2014 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-61069-760-6 |page=200 |title=South Beach Diet}} * {{cite book |vauthors=Bijlefeld M, Zoumbaris SK |work=Encyclopedia of Diet Fads: Understanding Science and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4jq2BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 |year=2014 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-61069-760-6 |page=200 |title=South Beach Diet}}


{{Fad diets}}
== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.southbeachdiet.com/home/index.jsp|South Beach Diet official website}}

{{Rodale}} {{Rodale}}


] ]
] ]
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Latest revision as of 19:20, 3 October 2024

Popular fad diet

The South Beach Diet is a popular fad diet developed by Arthur Agatston and promoted in his bestselling 2003 book. It emphasizes eating food with a low glycemic index, and categorizes carbohydrates and fats as "good" or "bad". Like other fad diets, it may have elements which are generally recognized as sensible, but it promises benefits not backed by supporting evidence or sound science.

Technique

The diet has three stages and gradually increases the proportion of carbohydrate consumed as it progresses while simultaneously decreasing the proportions of fat and protein. It includes a number of recommended foods such as lean meats and vegetables and has a concept of "good" (mostly monounsaturated) fats. It makes no restriction on calorie intake, includes an exercise program, and is based around taking three main meals and two snacks per day.

The first stage of the diet aims for rapid weight loss (8 to 13 lbs in two weeks). According to the UK's National Health Service (NHS), the severity of the first stage of the diet may result in the loss of some vitamins, minerals and fiber. The NHS reports that dietary restrictions during stage one may cause side effects including "bad breath, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness, insomnia, nausea, and constipation." Such symptoms would be rectified once the less extreme phases of the diet then began.

Health effects

Like other fad diets, the South Beach Diet has been marketed with bold claims that are not supported by evidence and with an unrealistic promise of easy weight loss. The book that promotes it also contains some incorrect and misleading information. Nevertheless, some aspects of the diet correspond with dietary advice that is recognized as sensible: its last two stages are sufficiently nutritious to be considered healthy. Like other high-fat diets, its short-term safety has been established, but its long-term safety has not.

The diet is promoted as improving risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease, but the effectiveness for improving these risk factors is unclear because no evidence on its effects is available. A trial found no change in weight loss compared to usual care.

South Beach Diet and other low-carbohydrate diets lack dietary fiber. Fiber is generally considered to aid weight loss and to help prevent obesity.

Difference from other low-carb diets

Many sources place the South Beach Diet on lists of "low carb" diets such as the Atkins Diet. While the South Beach diet does prohibit foods rich in simple carbohydrates such as white bread, white potatoes and white rice, it does not require dieters to forgo carbohydrates entirely or even measure their intake. Instead, it focuses on the "glycemic impact" (short term change in blood glucose) of foods. (Nutritionists continue, however, to question the net benefit of the first phase to dieters not affected by impaired glucose metabolism.) Many vegetables are permitted even in phase 1. Complex, fiber-rich carbohydrate sources such as brown rice and 100% whole grain bread are permitted during phase 2. Agatston has tried to distance the South Beach Diet from "low carb" approaches; in the South Beach Diet book he wrote: "It is my purpose to teach neither low-fat nor low-carb. I want you to learn to choose the right fats and the right carbs."

History

The South Beach Diet was developed in the mid-1990s by celebrity doctor Arthur Agatston with the assistance of Marie Almon, the former chief dietitian at Mount Sinai Medical Center in Miami Beach, Florida. Originally called the Modified Carbohydrate Diet, the plan was renamed the South Beach Diet after the South Beach neighborhood in Miami Beach near Agatston's practice.

The diet plan was initially developed for Agatston's own patients. Agatston noticed that the American Heart Association's recommended low-fat and high-carbohydrate diet was not lowering his patients' weight, cholesterol, or blood sugar levels, but that his patients on the Atkins diet were experiencing weight loss. Unwilling to prescribe the Atkins approach to patients with cardiac issues due to the diet's allowance of saturated fat and limitation of carbohydrates containing fiber and other nutrients, Agatston referenced medical research to build an eating plan that categorized fats and carbohydrates as good or bad and emphasized lean protein and fiber.

The plan grew in popularity as a method of weight loss as Agatston reported the results at conferences and patients distributed photocopies outlining the diet throughout the late 1990s and early 2000s. In 1999 a Miami TV news show put people on the diet and broadcast the results, popularizing the diet locally.

The first book describing the diet, The South Beach Diet, was written by Agatston and was released in April 2003. By 2004 there were about 8 million copies in print, a trade paperback South Beach Diet Good Fats/Good Carbs Guide had 3 million copies in print, and The South Beach Diet Cookbook went on sale with a printing of 1.75 million copies.

In 2004, former US President Bill Clinton reportedly followed the diet.

In 2008, Agatston published The South Beach Diet Supercharged, written with Joseph Signorile, a professor of exercise physiology; it included an interval training program. A review for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics found that "Readers are likely to see success using this diet and fitness book. I recommend skipping the restrictive Phase One meal plans and instead follow the more balanced Phase Two diet. The simple 20-minute-a-day exercise program is a realistic and inexpensive approach to fitness."

SBD Enterprises LLC, of which Agatston is a part owner, owns the "South Beach Diet" trademark. In December 2015, Nutrisystem acquired SBD for $15 million. Nutrisystem said that it planned to launch new lines of South Beach products by 2017 that it would market through retail stores and on the internet.

In December 2018, South Beach announced that they would launch a keto-friendly diet in 2019.

See also

References

  1. ^ Goff SL, Foody JM, Inzucchi S, Katz D, Mayne ST, Krumholz HM (July 2006). "Brief Report: nutrition and weight loss information in a popular diet book: is it fact, fiction, or something in between?". Journal of General Internal Medicine. 21 (7): 769–74. doi:10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00501.x. PMC 1924692. PMID 16808780.
  2. Sandra Bastin for University of Kentucky Extension Service. August 1998; revised March 2004. University of Kentucky Extension Service: Fad Diets
  3. "People to watch". Nature Medicine. 12 (1): 29. 2006. doi:10.1038/nm0106-29. ISSN 1078-8956. S2CID 26068107. James Hill wants Americans to shed pounds. But instead of promoting any one fad diet, he embraces most--Atkins, South Beach, grapefruit-only--as relatively effective ways to lose weight.
  4. ^ Abby Goodnough (7 October 2003). "New Doctor, New Diet, But Still No Cookies". The New York Times.
  5. DeBruyne L, Pinna K, Whitney E (2011). "Chapter 7: Nutrition in practice – fad diets". Nutrition and Diet Therapy (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 209. ISBN 978-1-133-71550-4. 'a fad diet by any other name would still be a fad diet.' And the names are legion: the Atkins Diet, the Cheater's Diet, the South Beach Diet, the Zone Diet. Year after year, 'new and improved' diets appear ...
  6. ^ "Sizing up South Beach. It makes some good points, but The South Beach Diet has problems typical of diet books: lack of proof and some dubious claims". Harvard Health Letters. 29 (1): 5. November 2003. PMID 14633496.
  7. ^ Chahoud G, Aude YW, Mehta JL (November 2004). "Dietary recommendations in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease: do we have the ideal diet yet?". American Journal of Cardiology (Review). 94 (10): 1260–7. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.07.109. PMID 15541241.
  8. ^ "Top diets review for 2014 § South Beach Diet". NHS Choices. 20 December 2013.
  9. Lara-Castro C, Garvey WT (2004). "Diet, insulin resistance, and obesity: zoning in on data for Atkins dieters living in South Beach". Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (Review). 89 (9): 4197–205. doi:10.1210/jc.2004-0683. PMID 15356006.
  10. ^ Atallah R, Filion KB, Wakil SM, Genest J, Joseph L, Poirier P, Rinfret S, Schiffrin EL, Eisenberg MJ (2014). "Long-term effects of 4 popular diets on weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials". Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes (Systematic review). 7 (6): 815–27. doi:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000723. PMID 25387778.
  11. Slavin JL (March 2005). "Dietary fiber and body weight". Nutrition (Review). 21 (3): 411–8. doi:10.1016/j.nut.2004.08.018. PMID 15797686.
  12. "The South Beach Diet Review". Webmd.com. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
  13. Arthur Agatston. The South Beach Diet: The Delicious, Doctor-Designed, Foolproof Plan for Fast and Healthy Weight Loss. Rodale, 5 April 2003. ISBN 9781579546465
  14. Bijlefeld M, Zoumbaris SK (2014). Celebrity Doctors (2nd ed.). ABC-CLIO. pp. 127–128. ISBN 978-1-61069-760-6. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  15. ^ Alex Witchel (14 April 2004). "Doctor Wants 'South Beach' To Mean Hearts, Not Bikinis". The New York Times.
  16. ^ Allison Adato (26 April 2004). "Life's a South Beach". People.
  17. ^ "Diet Wars – Interview With Author Agatston, Author of the South Beach Diet". Frontline. 8 August 2004.
  18. Is Your TV Making You Fat?, WebMD
  19. Jefferey A. Trachtenberg (30 June 2004). "Diet Book Found Novel Ways to Get To Top – and Stay". The Wall Street Journal.
  20. Philip Sherwell (3 October 2010). "Bill Clinton's new diet: nothing but beans, vegetables and fruit to combat heart disease". The Daily Telegraph.
  21. ^ Dawn Jackson Blatner for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Book Review: The South Beach Diet Super Charged
  22. ^ Beckerman, Josh (18 December 2015). "Nutrisystem Buys South Beach Diet Brand". Wall Street Journal.
  23. "South Beach Diet –Trademark of Agatston, Arthur S. – Registration Number 3213757 – Serial Number 76548397". Justia. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  24. ^ "Nutrisystem 10k for FY 2015". SEC EDGAR. 31 December 2015.
  25. "SBD Enterprises, LLC: Private Company Information". Bloomberg. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  26. Miller, Korin (17 December 2018). "The South Beach Diet Just Launched A New Keto Program That Sounds Pretty Awesome". Women's Health. Retrieved 27 November 2019.

Further reading

  • "Weighing in on the South Beach Diet". Tufts University Health & Nutrition Letter (Book review). 22 (3): 1. 2004. ... like all too many popular diet books, this one is replete with faulty science, glaring nutrition inaccuracies, contradictions, and claims of scientific evidence minus the actual evidence.
  • Bijlefeld M, Zoumbaris SK (2014). South Beach Diet. ABC-CLIO. p. 200. ISBN 978-1-61069-760-6. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
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