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{{Short description|1948 Lehi attacks on Cairo-Haifa train}}
During the lead-up to the ], the Jewish underground group ] mined the ]-] train several times. The train was attacked because it was used by the British soldiers. The attached military coaches were targeted.
{{Infobox civilian attack
| title = Cairo-Haifa train bombings
| partof = ]
| location = {{flag|Mandatory Palestine}}
| target = Cairo-Haifa train
| date = {{start date and age|1948|02|29|df=y}} and {{start date and age|1948|03|31|df=y}}
| type = Bombings
| fatalities = 68 (28 soldiers, 40 civilians)
| injuries = 95 (35 soldiers, 60 civilians)
| perpetrators = ]
| motive =
}}


During the ], on February 29 and again on March 31, the military coaches of the ]-] train were mined by the Zionist militant group ].
⚫ On ], the train was mined north of ], killing 28 soldiers and wounding 35. No civilians were hurt. One or more bombs laid on the track were detonated from a nearby orange grove. Lehi took credit for the bombing of the British train as revenge for the ] in Jerusalem. "The train was the normal daily passenger express to which four military coaches had been attached".<ref>''The Times'', ], 1948.</ref>


⚫ On February 29, Lehi mined the train north of ], killing 28 British soldiers and wounding 35. No civilians were hurt. One or more bombs laid on the track were detonated from a nearby orange grove. Lehi took credit for the bombing of the British train claiming it was revenge for the ] in Jerusalem. The train was the normal daily passenger express to which four military coaches had been attached.<ref>''The Times'', 1 March 1948.</ref><ref>{{cite book | author = Zev Golan | author-link = Zev Golan | title = Stern The Man and his Gang | publisher = Yair Publishing | year = 2011 | page = 249}}</ref>
On ], the train was mined near Binyamina, a Jewish settlement in the neighborhood of ], killing 40 persons and wounding 60. The casualties were all civilians, mostly Arabs. Although there were some soldiers on the train, none were injured. The ''Palestine Post'' and the ''New York Times'' attributed the attack to the Stern Gang.<ref>''The Palestine Post'', ], 1948</ref><ref>''New York Times'', ], 1948</ref><ref>Note ] is known for having a detailed account of all their operations doesn't take responsibility for this action nowadays . Furthermore, an UN Report prepared in ] 1948 for the New UN Commissioner to Palestine, compiling all identified attacks on British, American and Arab individuals, using reports of the US Department of State, the British Foreign Office and various American and British press services, failed to mention this second bombing. {{dubious}}</ref>.

On March 31, Lehi again mined the train, this time near ], a Jewish town near ], killing 40 Arab civilians, and wounding 60.{{refn|], 1992, ''Expulsion of the Palestinians: The Concept of "Transfer" in Zionist Political Thought, 1882-1948''. "The ]'s blowing up of the Cairo-Haifa passenger train (forty Arab civilians killed, sixty injured) in March 1948"}} Although there were some soldiers on the train, none were injured.{{cn|date=September 2024}}

==Background==
The attacks on the train line had begun in 1947. On April 22, 1947, the train was mined outside ], the bombing killed five British officers, two Arab adults and a 3-year old, Gilbert Balladi.<ref> NY Times, April 23, 1947</ref>

On May 15, 1947, the train track was bombed seven times south of ]. Two British army lieutenants were killed, two others seriously wounded and five other hurt in one bombing between Acre and Haifa. One commuter was injured when the engine and two cars were derailed by another bomb earlier in the day. Three crew-men were injured when their freight train was derailed in another bombing. Three railroad bridges were damaged in the attacks. Lehi reportedly called in warnings.<ref> NY Times, May 16, 1947</ref>

On August 9, 1947, Irgun bombed a British troop train north of ], killing the Jewish engineer.<ref> NY Times, August 10, 1947</ref><ref> NY Times, November 18, 1947</ref>

On September 29, 1947, the train was bombed by Irgun twenty miles south of Haifa. The engine, coal car and two cabin cars were derailed, one person was hospitalized.<ref> NY Times, September 30, 1947</ref>


==Notes== ==Notes==
{{Reflist}}
<references/>


==References== ==References==
* 'Cairo-To-Haifa Train Mined 28 British Soldiers Killed And 35 Wounded, Stern Gang Claims Responsibility For Attack', ''The Times'', Monday, ], 1948; pg. 4; Issue 51008; col A. * 'Cairo-To-Haifa Train Mined 28 British Soldiers Killed And 35 Wounded, Stern Gang Claims Responsibility For Attack', ''The Times'', Monday, March 1, 1948; pg. 4; Issue 51008; col A.
* 'Cairo-Haifa Train Mined Again 40 Killed And 60 Wounded, Problem Of Preserving Sanctity Of Jerusalem', ''The Times'', Thursday, ], 1948; pg. 4; Issue 51034; col A. * 'Cairo-Haifa Train Mined Again 40 Killed And 60 Wounded, Problem Of Preserving Sanctity Of Jerusalem', ''The Times'', Thursday, April 1, 1948; pg. 4; Issue 51034; col A.
*Dana Adams Schmidt, '40 Arabs Are Slain In Mining of Train: 60 More Are Injured In Blast Near Haifa - Derailment is Laid to Stern Group', ''New York Times'', ], 1948. * Dana Adams Schmidt, '40 Arabs Are Slain In Mining of Train: 60 More Are Injured In Blast Near Haifa - Derailment is Laid to Stern Group', ''The New York Times'', 1 April 1948.
* '40 Arabs Killed, 60 Injured, In Train Blast', ''Palestine Post'', ], 1948; page 1. * '40 Arabs Killed, 60 Injured, In Train Blast', ''Palestine Post'', April 1, 1948; page 1.
* ''Unknown Soldiers The Operation Book of Lehi'', ], 1987.
* Lehi's list of actions in its 8 years, {{he icon}}
* Claimed UN Report October 1 1948


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Latest revision as of 20:34, 3 October 2024

1948 Lehi attacks on Cairo-Haifa train
Cairo-Haifa train bombings
Part of 1948 Palestine war
Location Mandatory Palestine
Date29 February 1948; 76 years ago (1948-02-29) and 31 March 1948; 76 years ago (1948-03-31)
TargetCairo-Haifa train
Attack typeBombings
Deaths68 (28 soldiers, 40 civilians)
Injured95 (35 soldiers, 60 civilians)
PerpetratorsLehi

During the 1948 Palestine war, on February 29 and again on March 31, the military coaches of the Cairo-Haifa train were mined by the Zionist militant group Lehi.

On February 29, Lehi mined the train north of Rehovot, killing 28 British soldiers and wounding 35. No civilians were hurt. One or more bombs laid on the track were detonated from a nearby orange grove. Lehi took credit for the bombing of the British train claiming it was revenge for the Ben Yehuda Street Bombing in Jerusalem. The train was the normal daily passenger express to which four military coaches had been attached.

On March 31, Lehi again mined the train, this time near Binyamina, a Jewish town near Caesarea, killing 40 Arab civilians, and wounding 60. Although there were some soldiers on the train, none were injured.

Background

The attacks on the train line had begun in 1947. On April 22, 1947, the train was mined outside Rehovot, the bombing killed five British officers, two Arab adults and a 3-year old, Gilbert Balladi.

On May 15, 1947, the train track was bombed seven times south of Lydda. Two British army lieutenants were killed, two others seriously wounded and five other hurt in one bombing between Acre and Haifa. One commuter was injured when the engine and two cars were derailed by another bomb earlier in the day. Three crew-men were injured when their freight train was derailed in another bombing. Three railroad bridges were damaged in the attacks. Lehi reportedly called in warnings.

On August 9, 1947, Irgun bombed a British troop train north of Lydda, killing the Jewish engineer.

On September 29, 1947, the train was bombed by Irgun twenty miles south of Haifa. The engine, coal car and two cabin cars were derailed, one person was hospitalized.

Notes

  1. The Times, 1 March 1948.
  2. Zev Golan (2011). Stern The Man and his Gang. Yair Publishing. p. 249.
  3. Nur Masalha, 1992, Expulsion of the Palestinians: The Concept of "Transfer" in Zionist Political Thought, 1882-1948. "The Stern Gang's blowing up of the Cairo-Haifa passenger train (forty Arab civilians killed, sixty injured) in March 1948"
  4. Palestine Terrorists Kill 8 In Bombing of Troop Train NY Times, April 23, 1947
  5. Two Britons Killed in Palestine Mine NY Times, May 16, 1947
  6. Terrorists Wreck Haifa Troop Train NY Times, August 10, 1947
  7. Trial of Two Jews Begin NY Times, November 18, 1947
  8. Terrorists Strike in Palestine Again NY Times, September 30, 1947

References

  • 'Cairo-To-Haifa Train Mined 28 British Soldiers Killed And 35 Wounded, Stern Gang Claims Responsibility For Attack', The Times, Monday, March 1, 1948; pg. 4; Issue 51008; col A.
  • 'Cairo-Haifa Train Mined Again 40 Killed And 60 Wounded, Problem Of Preserving Sanctity Of Jerusalem', The Times, Thursday, April 1, 1948; pg. 4; Issue 51034; col A.
  • Dana Adams Schmidt, '40 Arabs Are Slain In Mining of Train: 60 More Are Injured In Blast Near Haifa - Derailment is Laid to Stern Group', The New York Times, 1 April 1948.
  • '40 Arabs Killed, 60 Injured, In Train Blast', Palestine Post, April 1, 1948; page 1.
  • Unknown Soldiers The Operation Book of Lehi, Yaakov Banai, 1987.
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