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{{Short description|1869 travel book by Mark Twain}}{{for|the Gene Wolfe collection|Innocents Aboard}}
]
{{essay-like|date=June 2013}}
'''''The Innocents Abroad, or The New Pilgrims' Progress''''' was published by ] author ] in ]. The travel-book chronicles Twain's pleasure cruise on board the chartered vessel "Quaker City" through ] and the ] with a group of religious ]. Twain makes constant criticisms of various aspects of culture and society he meets while on his journey, some more serious than others, which gradually turn from witty and comedic to biting and bitter as he progresses closer to the Holy Land. Interestingly, once in the Holy Land proper, his tone shifts again, this time to a combination of his former light-hearted comedy and a cloying reverence not unlike the attitude he had previously mocked in his traveling companions.
{{Infobox book | <!--See Misplaced Pages:WikiProject_Novels or Misplaced Pages:WikiProject_Books -->
|name = The Innocents Abroad, or, The New Pilgrim's Progress
|image = Mark Twain - The Innocents Abroad.jpg
|caption = ''Innocents Abroad'' cover
|author = ]
|translator =
|illustrator =
|cover_artist =
| orig_lang_code = en
|country = United States
|language = English
|genre = ]
|publisher = American Publishing Company
|release_date = 1869<ref>].</ref>
|media_type = Print
|pages = 685
|isbn =
|dewey=818.403
|congress=PS1312.A1
|preceded_by = ]
|followed_by = ]
| wikisource = The Innocents Abroad


}}
Many of his criticisms within the chronicle are based on comparisons between the grandiose (and often ]) writings and perceptions of his contemporaries that were considered in high regard as sources of indispensable information for travelling in the environments mentioned within the work. He also makes light of his fellow travellers and the natives of the various countries and regions he visits, as well as his own expectations and reactions.


'''''The Innocents Abroad, or The New Pilgrim's Progress''''' is a ] by American author ].<ref>{{cite book |author= Twain, Mark (Samuel L. Clemens) |year= 1869 |title=The Innocents Abroad or The New Pilgrim's Progress: Being Some Account of the Steamship "Quaker City's" Pleasure Excursion to Europe and the Holy Land; with Descriptions of Countries, Nations, Incidents, and Adventures, as They Appeared to the Author; with Two Hundred and Twenty-Four Illustrations |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Bt5DAQAAIAAJ&pg=PR1 |place= San Francisco, CA and Hartford, Conn |publisher= H. H. Bancroft and Company and American Publishing Company |isbn= 978-1-64679-383-9}}</ref> Published in 1869, it humorously chronicles what Twain called his "Great Pleasure Excursion" on board the chartered ] ''Quaker City'' (formerly {{USS|Quaker City|1854|6}}) through Europe and the ] with a group of American travelers in 1867. The five-month voyage included numerous side trips on land.
A major theme of the book, insofar as a book assembled and revised from the newspaper columns Twain sent back to America as the journey progressed can have a theme, is that of the conflict between history and the modern world; the narrator continually encounters petty profiteering and trivializations of the past as he journeys, as well as the strange emphasis placed on particular events in the past, and is either outraged, puzzled, or bored by the encounter. One example can be found in the sequence during which the boat has stopped at Gibraltar. On shore, the narrator encounters seemingly dozens of people intent on regaling him, and everyone else in the known world, with a bland and pointless anecdote concerning how a particular hill nearby acquired its name, heedless of the fact that the anecdote is, indeed, bland, pointless, and toward the end, entirely too repetitive. Another example may be found in the discussion of the story of ] and ], where the skeptical American deconstructs the story and comes to the conclusion that entirely too much fuss has been made about the two lovers. Only when the ship reaches areas of the world that do not exploit for profit or bore passers-by with inexplicable interest in their history, such as the passage dealing with the ship's time at the ], is this trait not found in the text.


The book, which sometimes appears with the subtitle "The New Pilgrim's Progress", became the best-selling of Twain's works during his lifetime,<ref>Norcott-Mahany, Bernard (14 November 2012) "Classic Review: Innocents Abroad by Mark Twain." The Kansas City Public Library (Retrieved 27 April 2014)</ref> as well as one of the best-selling travel books of all time.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Melton |first=Jeffrey Alan |title=Mark Twain, Travel Books, and Tourism: The Tide of a Great Popular Movement |publisher=The University of Alabama Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-8173-1350-0 |location=Tuscaloosa, Alabama |id={{Project MUSE|6659|type=book}}}}</ref>
This reaction to those who profit from the past is found, in an equivocal and unsure balance with reverence, in the section of the book that deals with the ship's company's experiences in the Holy Land. The narrator reacts here, not only to the exploitation of the past and the unreasoning (to the American eye of the time) adherence to old ways, but to the profanation of religious history, and to the shattering of illusions, such as his dismay in finding that the nations described in the ] could easily have fit inside many American states and territories, and that the kings of those nations might very well have ruled over fewer people than could be found in some small towns.


== Publication History ==
This equivocal reaction to the religious history the narrator encounters may be magnified by the prejudices of the time, as the United States was still primarily a Protestant nation at the time. The ], in particular, receives a considerable amount of attention from the narrator, seemingly not because of any particular differences in doctrine that it may have with the narrator's own attitudes, but, rather because of its institutionalized nature. This is particularly apparent in the section of the book dealing with Italy, where the poverty of the secular population and the relative affluence of the church causes the narrator to urge, in the text of the book, if not directly, the inhabitants to rob their priests.
Mark Twain's journey aboard the ''Quaker City'' was funded by the '']'' newspaper in exchange for fifty articles documenting his trip. Twain later secured a contract with the ] to produce a subscription-based book based on the same journey. The subscription book would become ''The Innocents Abroad.'' Twain restructured and expanded upon the letters he had originally written for the ''Alta California'' to write ''The Innocents Abroad''; adjusting his style by minimizing slang and vulgar language to cater to a broader, national readership. He also rewrote some of the characters and stories. ''The Innocents Abroad'' was Mark Twain's first successful publication for a national audience.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Twain |first=Mark |title=The innocents abroad |last2=Quirk |first2=Tom |last3=Cardwell |first3=Guy |date=2002 |publisher=Penguin Books |isbn=978-0-14-243708-7 |series=Penguin classics |location=New York}}</ref>


==Analysis==
Many critics, including Leslie Fielder, in the afterword to the 1997 Signet Classics edition of the work, have described the book as an illustration of the American culture of the time confronting the established European and Middle Eastern cultures. Frequently amazed, occasionally impressed (but invariably loath to show it), sometimes insular, and almost always skeptical, the narrator of the book describes his experiences in Europe and the Holy Land in such a way that, quite often, the reader learns little of the area in which the narrator finds himself, but an amazing amount of the expectations and prejudices of a specific American tourist.
''The Innocents Abroad'' presents itself as an ordinary travel book based on an actual voyage in a retired Civil War ship, the {{USS|Quaker City|1854|6}}. The excursion was billed as a voyage to the Holy Land, with numerous stops and side trips along the coast of the ], notably:
* train excursion from ] to ] for the ] during the reign of ] and the ]
* journey through the ] to ]
* side trip through the ] to ], Sebastopol and Yalta
* culminating excursion through the ]


Twain reports the voyage covered over 20,000 miles of land and sea.
==Description of the Holy Land==


Twain recorded his observations and critiques of the various aspects of culture and society which he encountered on the journey, some more serious than others. Many of his observations draw a contrast between his own experiences and the often grandiose accounts in contemporary travelogues, which were regarded in their own time as indispensable aids for traveling in the region. In particular, he lampooned ]'s ''Tent Life in the Holy Land'' for its overly sentimental prose and its often violent encounters with native inhabitants. Twain also made light of his fellow travelers and the natives of the countries and regions that he visited, as well as his own expectations and reactions.
Twain's writings have often been cited as the preeminent primary source in chronicalling the demographics of what is now the modern-day ]. Twain described the land as empty of people and things, and essentially abandoned :


==Themes==
: We traversed some miles of desolate country whose soil is rich enough but is given wholly to weeds - a silent, mournful expanse... A desolation is here that not even imagination can grace with the pomp of life and action. We reached Tabor safely... We never saw a human being on the whole route. We pressed on toward the goal of our crusade, renowned Jerusalem. The further we went the hotter the sun got and the more rocky and bare, repulsive and dreary the landscape became... There was hardly a tree or a shrub anywhere. Even the olive and the cactus, those fast friends of a worthless soil, had almost deserted the country. No landscape exists that is more tiresome to the eye than that which bounds the approaches to Jerusalem... Jerusalem is mournful, dreary and lifeless. I would not desire to live here. It is a hopeless, dreary, heartbroken land... Palestine sits in sackcloth and ashes.
]: '']'']]


A major theme of the book is that of the conflict between history and the modern world. Twain continually encounters petty profiteering and trivializations of history as he journeys, as well as a strange emphasis placed on particular past events. He is either outraged, puzzled, or bored by each encounter. One example can be found in the sequence during which the boat has stopped at ]. On shore, the narrator hears seemingly dozens of people repeat an anecdote about how a particular hill nearby acquired its name, heedless of the fact that the anecdote is bland and pointless. Another example may be found in the discussion of the story of ] and ], where the skeptical American deconstructs the story and comes to the conclusion that far too much fuss has been made about the two lovers. Only when the ship reaches areas of the world that do not exploit for profit or bore passers-by with inexplicable interest in their history, such as the early passage dealing with the ship's time at the ], is this attitude not found in the text.
] was critical of Twain's book:
: In modern times, Twain's exaggerations have become grist for the mills of those who propagate the line that Palestine was a desolate land until settled and cultivated by Jewish pioneers. Twain's descriptions are high in Israeli government press handouts that present a case for Israel's redemption of a land that had previously been empty and barren. His gross characterizations of the land and the people in the time before mass Jewish immigration are also often used by U.S. propagandists for Israel.<ref>K. Christison, Perceptions of Palestine: Their Influence on U.S. Middle East Policy, Univ. of California Press, 1999; p16.</ref>... Twain's description of the all-Arab town of Nablus is typical... Calling the town Shechem, its biblical name, he described in detail the ancient roots of Jews there but never mentioned an Arab presence and only once used the name Nablus.<ref>Christison, p20.</ref> In fact, Nablus had a population of 20,000 who were almost all Arabs apart from a few Samaritans.<ref>B. B. Doumani, The political economy of population counts in Ottoman Palestine: Nablus, Circa 1950, ''International Journal of Middle East Studies'', Vol 26 (1994) 1-17.</ref>


This reaction to those who profit from the past is found, in an equivocal and unsure balance with reverence, in Twain's experiences in the ]. The narrator reacts here, not only to the exploitation of the past and the unreasoning (to the American eye of the time) adherence to old ways, but also to the profanation of religious history. Many of his illusions are shattered, including his discovery that the nations described in the ] could easily fit inside many American states and counties, and that the "kings" of those nations might very well have ruled over fewer people than could be found in some small towns. Disillusioned, he writes, "If all the poetry and nonsense that have been discharged upon the fountains and the bland scenery of this region were collected in a book, it would make a most valuable volume to burn."<ref>{{cite web|title=Mark Twain in the Holy Land|url=https://www.theattic.space/home-page-blogs/2019/1/19/mark-twain-in-the-holyland|website=The Attic|access-date=1 February 2019|archive-date=2 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202041749/https://www.theattic.space/home-page-blogs/2019/1/19/mark-twain-in-the-holyland|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Description of Greece and Syria==


This equivocal reaction to the religious history the narrator encounters may be magnified by the prejudices of the time, as the United States was still primarily a ] nation at that point. The ], in particular, receives a considerable amount of attention from the narrator, specifically its institutionalized nature. This is particularly apparent in the section of the book dealing with Italy, where the poverty of the lay population and the relative affluence of the church are contrasted.
Twain describes both Greece and Syria as both being desolate and deserted:
{{clear left}}


==Adaptations==
"From Athens all through the islands of the Grecian Archipelago, we saw little but forbidden sea-walls and barren hills, sometimes surmounted by three or four graceful columns of some ancient temples, lonely and deserted---a fitting symbol of desolation that has come upon all Greece in these latter ages. We saw no plowed fields, very few villages, no trees or grass or vegetation of any kind, scarcely, and hardly ever an isolated house. Greece is a bleak, unsmiling desert, without agriculture, manufactures, or commerce, apparently... The nation numbers only eight hundred thousand souls."
The ] series '']'', in 1983, broadcast a ] adaptation of ''The Innocents Abroad'', starring ], ], ], and ], directed by ].<ref name="tcmdb/468227">{{cite web |title=The Innocents Abroad |url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/468227/the-innocents-abroad/ |website=] |publisher=] |access-date=16 November 2023 |language=en |archive-date=16 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116040657/https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/468227/the-innocents-abroad/ |url-status=live }}</ref><!-- https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0085729/reference --><ref name="nytimes/1983/innocents-abroad">{{cite news |last1=O'Connor |first1=John J. |title=TV: TWAIN'S 'INNOCENTS ABROAD' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/05/09/arts/tv-twain-s-innocents-abroad.html |access-date=16 November 2023 |work=The New York Times |date=9 May 1983 |archive-date=16 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116040658/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/05/09/arts/tv-twain-s-innocents-abroad.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="allocine/181362">{{cite web |title=The Innocents Abroad |url=https://www.allocine.fr/film/fichefilm_gen_cfilm=181362.html |website=allocine.fr |access-date=16 November 2023 |language=fr |date=1983 |archive-date=16 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116040659/https://www.allocine.fr/film/fichefilm_gen_cfilm=181362.html |url-status=live }}</ref>


==See also==
"Damascus is beautiful from the mountain. It is beautiful even to foreigners accustomed to luxuriant vegetation, and I can easily understand how unspeakably beautiful it must be to eyes that are only used to the God-forsaken barrenness and desolation of Syria. I should think a Syrian would go wild with ecstasy when such a picture bursts upon him for the first time."
* ]


==Trivia== ==References==
<references />


==External links==
The character the "Poet Lariat" was modeled on Plandome, NY resident ], an association Cutter relished so much that he discussed his acquaintance with Twain to "anyone he would meet."
*{{librivox book | title=The Innocents Abroad | author=Mark Twain}}
* from , a part of
*


As a travel book, ''Innocents Abroad'' is accessible through any one of its chapters, many of which were published serially in the United States. (A compilation of the original newspaper accounts was the subject of McKeithan (1958)). In many of the chapters, a uniquely ''Twainian'' sentence or word stands out. A sampling of chapter material appears below and includes links to visual representations as well as to dedicated Mark Twain projects that have included ''Innocents Abroad'' in their sweep:
The book is arguably the first true American "bestseller", having been sold by door-to-door salesmen (in lavish hardbound editions) in numbers not previously seen outside of the Bible.
* reprints The Quaker City travel prospectus and comments on exclusivity in passenger selection.
* outlines the passengers' daily routines and their affectation of sailor language.
* "''We wanted something thoroughly and uncompromisingly foreign -- foreign from top to bottom -- foreign from center to circumference -- foreign inside and outside and all around -- nothing anywhere about it to dilute its foreignness -- nothing to remind us of any other people or any other land under the sun. And lo! in Tangier we have found it.''"
* . "W''e were troubled a little at dinner to-day, by the conduct of an American, who talked very loudly and coarsely. and laughed boisterously when all others were so quiet and well behaved. He ordered wine with a royal flourish....''" Drove the Prado avenue, visited , the Zoological Gardens, and the . Discussed created during the years ] was used as a prison.
* Old Travelers; ], ], ], ], ], ] "and scores of other beautiful cities"; dinner, shopping, a terrifying shave. "''Occasionally, merely for the pleasure of being cruel, we put unoffending Frenchmen on the rack with questions framed in the incomprehensible jargon of their native language, and while they writhed, we impaled them, we peppered them, we scarified them, with their own vile verbs and participles.''"


==References== ==Reviews==
*
* Hirst, Robert H. "The Making of The Innocents Abroad : 1867–1872." Ph.D. diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1975.
* Howells, William Dean. , The Atlantic Monthly, December 1869.
* .


<references/> ==Secondary references==


===Mark Twain projects===
==eBook==
*
{{Gutenberg | no=3176 | name=The Innocents Abroad}}
*
*

===On-line snippets===
* (Twain traveled at age 32 and published ''Innocents Abroad'' in 1869, at the age of 34, but this image is sometimes associated with the earlier Twain.) For comparison, see and

===Scholarly works===
* {{cite book |title=The Reverend Mark Twain: Theological Burlesque, Form, and Content |last=Fulton |first=Joen B |year=2006 |publisher=] |location=Columbus |isbn=0-8142-1024-4 }}
* {{cite book |title=Mark Twain, travel books, and tourism : the tide of a great popular movement |last=Melton |first=Jeffrey Alan |year=2002 |publisher= ] |location=Tuscaloosa }}
* {{cite book |title=American Palestine: Mark Twain and the Touristic Commodification of the Holy Land (working paper) |last=Obenzinger |first=Hilton |url=http://128.36.236.77/workpaper/pdfs/MESV5-3.pdf }}
* {{cite book |title=American Palestine: Melville, Twain, and the Holy Land mania |last=Obenzinger |first=Hilton |year=1999 |publisher=] |isbn=9780691009735 }}
* {{cite book |title=American Protestant Pilgrimage: Nineteenth-Century Impressions of Palestine |last=Rogers Stidham |first=Stephanie |year= 2003|publisher=Princeton Theological Seminary: Koinonea XV.1 |pages=60–80 |url=http://www.ptsem.edu/koinonia/assets/issues/15/stidmanrogers2%20--%20for%20web.pdf }}
* {{cite book |title=Getting To Be Mark Twain |last=Steinbrink |first=Jeffrey |date=1991 |publisher=] |location=Berkeley |url=http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft7779p19g/ }} (covering the period from 1867 to 1871; Twain set sail on June 8, 1867, for a five-month Mediterranean tour on board the Quaker City; ''Innocents Abroad'', detailing the Quaker City tour, was first published in 1869)
* {{cite book |title=Irreverent Pilgrims: Melville, Browne, and Mark Twain in the Holy Land |last=Walker |first=Franklin Dickerson |year=1974 |publisher=] |location=Seattle and London |isbn=0-295-95344-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/irreverentpilgri0000walk|url-access=registration }}

==Primary sources==
*{{Commons category-inline|The Innocents Abroad|''The Innocents Abroad''}}
* {{wikisource-inline|The Innocents Abroad|''The Innocents Abroad''|single=true}}, with illustrations by ]
*
*
* {{Gutenberg | no=3176 | name=The Innocents Abroad}}
* , from ]. Illustrated, scanned original editions.
*
* Lexicon from Wordie,
* {{librivox book | title=The Innocents Abroad | author=Mark Twain}}
* McKeithan, Daniel Morley, ed., ''Traveling with the innocents abroad; Mark Twain's original reports from Europe and the Holy Land.'' Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1958.
* Passenger manifest of {{USS|Quaker City|1854|6}}, the ship that took the Innocents abroad.
**
**
* Correspondence markers (April 1867, June 1867, and November 1867) from
**
** .
** .


{{Twain}} {{Twain}}


{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Innocents Abroad}}
] ]
] ]
] ]
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Latest revision as of 17:17, 6 January 2025

1869 travel book by Mark TwainFor the Gene Wolfe collection, see Innocents Aboard.
This article is written like a personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay that states a Misplaced Pages editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic. Please help improve it by rewriting it in an encyclopedic style. (June 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
The Innocents Abroad, or, The New Pilgrim's Progress
Innocents Abroad cover
AuthorMark Twain
LanguageEnglish
GenreTravel literature
PublisherAmerican Publishing Company
Publication date1869
Publication placeUnited States
Media typePrint
Pages685
Dewey Decimal818.403
LC ClassPS1312.A1
Preceded byThe Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County 
Followed byRoughing It 
TextThe Innocents Abroad, or, The New Pilgrim's Progress at Wikisource

The Innocents Abroad, or The New Pilgrim's Progress is a travel book by American author Mark Twain. Published in 1869, it humorously chronicles what Twain called his "Great Pleasure Excursion" on board the chartered steamship Quaker City (formerly USS Quaker City) through Europe and the Holy Land with a group of American travelers in 1867. The five-month voyage included numerous side trips on land.

The book, which sometimes appears with the subtitle "The New Pilgrim's Progress", became the best-selling of Twain's works during his lifetime, as well as one of the best-selling travel books of all time.

Publication History

Mark Twain's journey aboard the Quaker City was funded by the Alta California newspaper in exchange for fifty articles documenting his trip. Twain later secured a contract with the American Publishing Company to produce a subscription-based book based on the same journey. The subscription book would become The Innocents Abroad. Twain restructured and expanded upon the letters he had originally written for the Alta California to write The Innocents Abroad; adjusting his style by minimizing slang and vulgar language to cater to a broader, national readership. He also rewrote some of the characters and stories. The Innocents Abroad was Mark Twain's first successful publication for a national audience.

Analysis

The Innocents Abroad presents itself as an ordinary travel book based on an actual voyage in a retired Civil War ship, the USS Quaker City. The excursion was billed as a voyage to the Holy Land, with numerous stops and side trips along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, notably:

Twain reports the voyage covered over 20,000 miles of land and sea.

Twain recorded his observations and critiques of the various aspects of culture and society which he encountered on the journey, some more serious than others. Many of his observations draw a contrast between his own experiences and the often grandiose accounts in contemporary travelogues, which were regarded in their own time as indispensable aids for traveling in the region. In particular, he lampooned William Cowper Prime's Tent Life in the Holy Land for its overly sentimental prose and its often violent encounters with native inhabitants. Twain also made light of his fellow travelers and the natives of the countries and regions that he visited, as well as his own expectations and reactions.

Themes

Illustration by True Williams: Leaning Tower

A major theme of the book is that of the conflict between history and the modern world. Twain continually encounters petty profiteering and trivializations of history as he journeys, as well as a strange emphasis placed on particular past events. He is either outraged, puzzled, or bored by each encounter. One example can be found in the sequence during which the boat has stopped at Gibraltar. On shore, the narrator hears seemingly dozens of people repeat an anecdote about how a particular hill nearby acquired its name, heedless of the fact that the anecdote is bland and pointless. Another example may be found in the discussion of the story of Abelard and Heloise, where the skeptical American deconstructs the story and comes to the conclusion that far too much fuss has been made about the two lovers. Only when the ship reaches areas of the world that do not exploit for profit or bore passers-by with inexplicable interest in their history, such as the early passage dealing with the ship's time at the Azores, is this attitude not found in the text.

This reaction to those who profit from the past is found, in an equivocal and unsure balance with reverence, in Twain's experiences in the Holy Land. The narrator reacts here, not only to the exploitation of the past and the unreasoning (to the American eye of the time) adherence to old ways, but also to the profanation of religious history. Many of his illusions are shattered, including his discovery that the nations described in the Old Testament could easily fit inside many American states and counties, and that the "kings" of those nations might very well have ruled over fewer people than could be found in some small towns. Disillusioned, he writes, "If all the poetry and nonsense that have been discharged upon the fountains and the bland scenery of this region were collected in a book, it would make a most valuable volume to burn."

This equivocal reaction to the religious history the narrator encounters may be magnified by the prejudices of the time, as the United States was still primarily a Protestant nation at that point. The Catholic Church, in particular, receives a considerable amount of attention from the narrator, specifically its institutionalized nature. This is particularly apparent in the section of the book dealing with Italy, where the poverty of the lay population and the relative affluence of the church are contrasted.

Adaptations

The PBS series Great Performances, in 1983, broadcast a television movie adaptation of The Innocents Abroad, starring Craig Wasson, David Ogden Stiers, Gigi Proietti, and Brooke Adams, directed by Luciano Salce.

See also

References

  1. Facsimile of the first edition.
  2. Twain, Mark (Samuel L. Clemens) (1869). The Innocents Abroad or The New Pilgrim's Progress: Being Some Account of the Steamship "Quaker City's" Pleasure Excursion to Europe and the Holy Land; with Descriptions of Countries, Nations, Incidents, and Adventures, as They Appeared to the Author; with Two Hundred and Twenty-Four Illustrations. San Francisco, CA and Hartford, Conn: H. H. Bancroft and Company and American Publishing Company. ISBN 978-1-64679-383-9.
  3. Norcott-Mahany, Bernard (14 November 2012) "Classic Review: Innocents Abroad by Mark Twain." The Kansas City Public Library (Retrieved 27 April 2014)
  4. Melton, Jeffrey Alan (2009). Mark Twain, Travel Books, and Tourism: The Tide of a Great Popular Movement. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: The University of Alabama Press. ISBN 978-0-8173-1350-0. Project MUSE book 6659.
  5. Twain, Mark; Quirk, Tom; Cardwell, Guy (2002). The innocents abroad. Penguin classics. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-243708-7.
  6. "Mark Twain in the Holy Land". The Attic. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  7. "The Innocents Abroad". tcmdb. tcm.com. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  8. O'Connor, John J. (9 May 1983). "TV: TWAIN'S 'INNOCENTS ABROAD'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  9. "The Innocents Abroad". allocine.fr (in French). 1983. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.

External links

As a travel book, Innocents Abroad is accessible through any one of its chapters, many of which were published serially in the United States. (A compilation of the original newspaper accounts was the subject of McKeithan (1958)). In many of the chapters, a uniquely Twainian sentence or word stands out. A sampling of chapter material appears below and includes links to visual representations as well as to dedicated Mark Twain projects that have included Innocents Abroad in their sweep:

  • Ch.1 Holy Land tour flyer reprints The Quaker City travel prospectus and comments on exclusivity in passenger selection.
  • Ch.4 Ship Routine outlines the passengers' daily routines and their affectation of sailor language.
  • Ch. 8 Tangier, Morocco "We wanted something thoroughly and uncompromisingly foreign -- foreign from top to bottom -- foreign from center to circumference -- foreign inside and outside and all around -- nothing anywhere about it to dilute its foreignness -- nothing to remind us of any other people or any other land under the sun. And lo! in Tangier we have found it."
  • Ch.11 The Prado and other Marseille tourist sites. "We were troubled a little at dinner to-day, by the conduct of an American, who talked very loudly and coarsely. and laughed boisterously when all others were so quiet and well behaved. He ordered wine with a royal flourish...." Drove the Prado avenue, visited Chateau Borely, the Zoological Gardens, and the Castle d‘If. Discussed prisoner drawings created during the years Château d'If was used as a prison.
  • Ch. 12 Marseilles to Paris by Train Old Travelers; Lyon, Saône, Tonnerre, Sens, Melun, Fontainebleau "and scores of other beautiful cities"; dinner, shopping, a terrifying shave. "Occasionally, merely for the pleasure of being cruel, we put unoffending Frenchmen on the rack with questions framed in the incomprehensible jargon of their native language, and while they writhed, we impaled them, we peppered them, we scarified them, with their own vile verbs and participles."

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