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{{Infobox Israel muni {{Infobox settlement
|name=Qiryat Gat | name = Kiryat Gat
| native_name = {{Lang|he|{{Script/Hebrew|קִרְיַת גַּת}}|rtl=yes}}
|image=
| settlement_type = ]
|imgsize=
| translit_lang1 = Hebrew
|hebname=קִרְיַת גַּת
| translit_lang1_type1 = ]
|arname=
| translit_lang1_info1 = Qiryat Gatt
|meaning=
| image_skyline =
|founded=
{{center|{{Photomontage
|type=city
|photo1a = PikiWiki Israel 16194 kiryat gat.jpg
|typefrom=
|photo1b = View of Kiryat Gat from Tel Erani.jpg
|stdHeb=
|photo2a = War Memorial in Kiryat Gat, Israel.jpg
|altOffSp=
|photo2b = PikiWiki Israel 16189 kiryat gat.jpg
|altUnoSp=Kiryat Gat
|photo3e = PikiWiki Israel 42756 KIRYAT GAT.jpg
|district=south
|photo4e = Kiryat Gat Aerial View.jpg
|population=47,800
|size = 280
|popyear=2004
|color = transparent
|area=10,400
|border = 0
|areakm=10.4
}}}}
|mayor=
| image_flag = Flag of Qiryat Gat.svg
| image_blank_emblem = Kiryat Gat COA.svg
| blank_emblem_type = Coat of arms
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map = Israel ashkelon#Israel
| pushpin_mapsize =
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Kiryat Gat in Israel
| coordinates = {{coord|31|36|22|N|34|46|18|E|region:IL|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = ]
| subdivision_name = {{ISR}}
| subdivision_type1 =
| subdivision_name1 =
| subdivision_type2 = ]
| subdivision_name2 = ]
| established_title = Founded
| established_date = 1954
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = ]<ref name="Local_elections2024">{{cite web |author = |url = https://www.timesofisrael.com/ultra-orthodox-retake-beit-shemesh-former-haifa-mayor-yona-yahav-returns-to-office/ |title = Ultra-Orthodox retake Beit Shemesh, former Haifa mayor Yona Yahav returns to office |language = en |website = www.timesofisrael.com |date = |access-date = 2024-04-13 }}</ref>
| unit_pref = dunam
| area_total_dunam = {{formatnum:17,102|R}}
| population_footnotes = {{Israel populations|reference}}
| population_total = 62,091
| population_as_of = 2024
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Ethnicity
| demographics1_footnotes = {{Israel populations|reference}}
| demographics1_title1 = ] and ]
| demographics1_info1 = 64,338
| demographics1_title2 = ]
| demographics1_info2 = 100
| website = {{url|www.qiryat-gat.muni.il}}
}} }}


'''Kiryat Gat''', also spelled '''Qiryat Gat''' ({{langx|he|קִרְיַת גַּת}}), is a city in the ] of ]. It lies {{convert|56|km|mi|0|abbr=in}} south of ], {{convert|43|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north of ], and {{convert|68|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} west southwest of ]. In {{Israel populations|Year}} it had a population of {{Israel populations|Qiryat Gat}}.{{Israel populations|reference}} The city hosts one of the most advanced ]s in the world, ]'s Fab 28 plant producing ] chips.
{{coor title dms|31|36|22|N|34|46|18|E|}}


==Etymology==
'''Qiryat Gat''', commonly spelled '''Kiryat Gat''' ({{lang-he|קִרְיַת גַּת}}), is a city in the ] of ]. According to the ] (CBS), at the end of 2004 the city had a total population of 47,800.
Kiryat Gat is named for ], one of the five major cities of the ]. In Hebrew, "gat" means "winepress". In the 1950s, archaeologists found ruins at a nearby ] (]) which were mistaken for the Philistine city of Gath. The location most favored for Gath now is ], thirteen kilometers ({{convert|13|km|abbr=off|disp=output only}}) to the northeast.<ref name=Harris>{{cite journal | author = Horton Harris | title = The location of Ziklag: a review of the candidate sites, based on Biblical, topographical and archaeological evidence | journal = Palestine Exploration Quarterly | volume = 143 | issue = 2 | year = 2011 | pages = 119–133 | doi=10.1179/003103211x12971861556954| s2cid = 162186999 }}</ref>


==History==
The city name refers to ] - one of five major ] cities - because archeologists found the ruins of a Philistine site mistaken for Gat in the area. The real Gat was later found some 20km further south.
]


Kiryat Gat was founded in 1954, initially as a ]. The following year it was established as a ] by 18 families from ].<ref name="Partnership 2000">{{cite web|url=https://www.juf.org/p2g/kiryat_gat.aspx|title=Partnership 2000, Kiryat Gat|publisher=]|access-date=2008-10-20}}</ref> It was founded just west of the ruins of the ] village of ], which was ethnically cleansed in 1949 after the ].<ref>{{Cite book|title=All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ|first1=Walid|last1=Khalidi|author-link=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|location=]|publisher=]|isbn=0-88728-224-5|page=108}}</ref><ref name=SImap>Sheet ''Hebron'' of 100,000 topological map series, Survey of Israel, 1956.</ref> The former location of Iraq al-Manshiyya is now within the built-up area of Kiryat Gat.<ref name=SImap/> By 1992, Kiryat Gat had grown and spread also onto the land that formerly belonged to the village of ].<ref>Khalidi, 1992, p. 97</ref>
Qiryat Gat was established in 1954 on the lands of 'Iraq al-Manshiyya between that village and al-Faluja. The safety and property of the 3,140 Arab civilians (over 2000 locals, plus refugees from other villages) in the area were to be protected under an exchange of letters that were filed with the United Nations and became an annex to the main Israel/Egypt armistice agreement of February 1949. The two countries agreed that "those of the civilian population who may wish to remain in Al-Faluja and Iraq al Manshiya (the two villages within the enclave covered by the letters) are to be permitted to do so. ... All of these civilians shall be fully secure in their persons, abodes, property and personal effects." The enclave was handed over to Israel as part of the Israeli-Egyptian armistice agreement, but few civilians left when the Egyptian brigade withdrew on 26th Feb 1949. Israel promptly violated the armistice agreement and began to intimidate the populace into flight. United Nations observers reported to UN mediator ] that the intimidation included beatings, robberies, and attempted rape. Israeli historian ] writes that the decision to cleanse the "Faluja pocket" population was probably approved by Israeli prime minister ] ("Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem revisited p.524). The last civilians left 22nd April and the order to demolish these (and other) villages was ordered 5 days later by Rabin (). See ] and the subsequent founding of modern Israel.


The population of Kiryat Gat rose from 4,400 inhabitants in 1958 to 17,000 in 1969, mostly Jewish immigrants from ]. The economy was initially based on processing the agricultural produce of the ] region, such as cotton and wool. In December 1972, Kiryat Gat's municipal status was upgraded and it became Israel's 31st city.<ref name="Ref_">{{cite encyclopedia|title=Kiryat Gat|encyclopedia=] (CD-ROM Edition Version 1.0)|year=1997|editor=Ed. ]|publisher=Keter Publishing House|isbn=965-07-0665-8}}</ref>
The city has now spread onto the lands of al-Faluja as well. Shahar, Noga, Nir Chen and Nehora were established in 1955 and 1956 on village lands.
]

During the 1990s, the ] to Israel brought many new residents to the town and its population grew to 42,500 by 1995.<ref name="Ref_2005">{{cite web|title=Kiryat Gat- Municipality Profile|publisher=]|year=2005|url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/publications/local_authorities2005/pdf/255_2630.pdf|access-date=2007-06-27|language=he|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930033311/http://www.cbs.gov.il/publications/local_authorities2005/pdf/255_2630.pdf|archive-date=2007-09-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> The development of the Rabin industrial zone on the eastern edge of the city, and the opening of ] further improved the economy of the city.


All that remained of al-Faluja in 1996 were the foundations of the village mosque and fragments of its walls, along with a dilapidated well and a cistern. Israeli government offices and an airport have been built on the surrounding land. <!--ref: Rashid Walidi?-->
== Demographics == == Demographics ==
In 2012, the ethnic makeup of the city was 93.8 percent ].<ref name="cbs-Qiryat Gat">{{cite web|script-title=he:הרשויות המקומיות בישראל 2012, פרסום מס' 1573. קריית גת|title= Local Authorities in Israel 2012, Publication No. 1573. Kiryat Gat|url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/publications14/local_authorities12_1573/pdf/303_2630.pdf|publisher=הלשכה המרכזית לסטטיסטיקה ]|access-date=2014-07-16|language=he}}</ref> In its early years, Kiryat Gat was populated mainly by Jews of ]/] origin. Since the ] of ], approximately one third of the inhabitants hail from the former ].<ref name="Rosenthal">{{cite book|author=Rosenthal, Donna|title=The Israelis: Ordinary People in an Extraordinary Land|url=https://archive.org/details/israelis00donn|url-access=registration|publisher=New York: Free Press|year=2003|pages=|isbn=0-684-86973-X}}</ref>
According to CBS, in 2001 the ethnic makeup of the city was all ]ish and other non-Arabs, without significant ] population. In 2001 there were 463 immigrant settlers. See ].


== Economy ==
According to CBS, in 2001 there were 23,500 males and 24,700 females. The population of the city was spread out with 35.7% 19 years of age or younger, 14.9% between 20 and 29, 18.5% between 30 and 44, 15.8% from 45 to 59, 3.8% from 60 to 64, and 11.3% 65 years of age or older. The population growth rate in 2001 was 0.8%.
], ], and ] production plants in Kiryat Gat]]
The ] textile factory was the main employer in the town until it closed in the 1990s. In 1999, ] opened a chip ], known as Fab 18, to produce Pentium 4 chips and ]. Intel received a grant of $525 million from the Israeli government to build the plant. In February 2006, the cornerstone was laid for Intel's second Kiryat Gat plant, Fab 28. Despite this, Kiryat Gat has one of Israel's highest unemployment rates.<ref name="Rosenthal"/><ref name="Gazzar2006">{{cite news|url=http://www.jpost.com/Features/Article.aspx?id=9321|title=Intel's Inside|date=2006-01-05|publisher=]|author=Gazzar, Brenda|access-date=2012-07-08}}</ref> In 2021, Intel announced a $10 billion investment in new manufacturing in Kiryat Gat.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-03|title=Intel to Invest $10B in New Israeli Manufacturing Site|url=https://themedialine.org/life-lines/intel-to-invest-10-billion-in-new-israeli-manufacturing-site/|access-date=2021-09-14|website=The Media Line|language=en-US}}</ref>


The headquarters and small-arms (guns) manufacturing facility of Israeli Weapons Industries is now located in Kiryat Gat.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Etsion|first=Udi|date=2019-09-05|title=Scoot Over, Uzi, There’s a new Gun in Town|url=https://www.calcalistech.com/ctech/articles/0,7340,L-3769777,00.html|access-date=2021-07-02|website=CTECH - www.calcalistech.com}}</ref>
== Economics ==
Qiryat Gat is a home for an ] chip production factory. This new and modern ] factory is a main employment source in the area. An additional ] factory is expected to be built also in Qiryat Gat.


== Income == == Transportation ==
Kiryat Gat is served by the ] on the Tel Aviv - Be'er Sheva inter-city line of ]. Kiryat Gat is situated between two major highways, ] to the west of the town and ].
According to CBS, as of 2000, in the city there were 15,257 salaried workers and 1,152 are self-employed. The mean monthly wage in 2000 for a salaried worker in the city is ] 4,125, a real change of +4.9% over the course of 2000. Salaried males have a mean monthly wage of NIS 5,199 (a real change of +7.3%) versus NIS 2,956 for females (a real change of -1.8%). The mean income for the self-employed is 5,494. There are 1,336 people who receive unemployment benefits and 6,487 people who receive an income guarantee.


== Education == == Education ==
Kiryat Gat has 25 schools with an enrollment of 10,676. Of these schools, 18 are elementary schools with a student population of 5,498, and 13 are high schools with a student population of 5,178. In 2001, 54.7% of Kiryat Gat's 12th grade students graduated with a matriculation certificate. Kiryat Gat has a Pedagogic Center, science centers, a computerized library and a center devoted to industry, art and technology.<ref name="Partnership 2000"/> In 2012, a high school student from Kiryat Gat won first prize in the ] competition.<ref>, ]</ref>
According to CBS, there are 25 schools and 10,676 students in the city. They are spread out as 18 elementary schools and 5,498 elementary school students, and 13 high schools and 5,178 high school students. 54.7% of 12th grade students were entitled to a matriculation certificate in 2001.
]


== See also == ==Twin towns — sister cities==
Kiryat Gat is ] with:
* ]
*{{flagicon|USA}} ], ] (1998)<ref name=JUF>{{cite web|title=Partnership Together|url=https://www.juf.org/p2g/Our-Partnership-Kiryat-Gat-Lachish-Shafir.aspx|publisher=Jewish United Fund|access-date=2023-08-08}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|USA}} ], ] (1977)<ref name=Buffalo>{{cite web|title=Buffalo, New York & Kiryat Gat, Israel|url=http://www.sister-cities.org/interactive-map/relationship/Buffalo,%20New%20York/Kiryat%20Gat,%20Israel|publisher=Sister Cities International|access-date=2014-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726212202/http://www.sister-cities.org/interactive-map/relationship/Buffalo,%20New%20York/Kiryat%20Gat,%20Israel|archive-date=2014-07-26|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|SRB}} ], ] (1990)<ref name=krusevac>{{cite web|title=Градови побратими|url=http://www.krusevac.rs/sr_cir/krusevac/licna-karta/gradovi-pobratimi.html|publisher=Град Крушевац|access-date=2014-07-16}}</ref>

==Notable people==

*] (born 1966), photographer
*] (born 1965), politician and a former Brigadier General. She is a member of the Cabinet as the Minister of Culture and Sport from 2015–2020 and the Minister of Transportation since 2020<ref>{{cite web |url=https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/mk/government/Pages/governments.aspx?govid=35 |title=All Governments of Israel |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=n.d. |website=main.knesset.gov.il|publisher=The Knesset |access-date=20 March 2021 |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://knesset.gov.il/mk/eng/mk_eng.asp?mk_individual_id_t=831 |title=Knesset Member, Miri Regev |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=n.d. |website= knesset.gov.il|publisher=The Knesset |access-date=20 March 2021 |quote=}}
</ref>
*] (born 1980), politician. He is a former member of the Kiryat Gat City Council, a member of Knesset from 2015 to 2023, and a member of Cabinet as the Minister of Culture and Sport since 2022.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/MK/APPS/mk/mk-personal-details/922 |title=All Past and Present MKs |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=n.d. |website=main.knesset.gov.il|publisher=The Knesset |access-date=8 August 2023 |quote=}}</ref>
*] (born 1983), singer and actress

==See also==
* ]

==References==
{{Reflist}}


==External links== ==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline|Kiryat Gat}}
* {{in lang|he}}

{{Southern District (Israel)}}
{{Largest Israeli cities}}
{{Authority control}}


]
*
* http://www.palestineremembered.com/Gaza/al-Faluja/index.html
*
] ]
] ]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]

Latest revision as of 17:35, 4 November 2024

City in Israel
Kiryat Gat קִרְיַת גַּת‎
City
Hebrew transcription(s)
 • ISO 259Qiryat Gatt
Flag of Kiryat GatFlagOfficial logo of Kiryat GatCoat of arms
Kiryat Gat is located in Ashkelon region of IsraelKiryat GatKiryat GatLocation of Kiryat Gat in IsraelShow map of Ashkelon region of IsraelKiryat Gat is located in IsraelKiryat GatKiryat GatKiryat Gat (Israel)Show map of Israel
Coordinates: 31°36′22″N 34°46′18″E / 31.60611°N 34.77167°E / 31.60611; 34.77167
Country Israel
DistrictSouthern
Founded1954
Government
 • MayorKfir Swisa
Area
 • Total17,102 dunams (17.102 km or 6.603 sq mi)
Population
 • Total62,091
 • Density3,600/km (9,400/sq mi)
Ethnicity
 • Jews and others64,338
 • Arabs100
Websitewww.qiryat-gat.muni.il

Kiryat Gat, also spelled Qiryat Gat (Hebrew: קִרְיַת גַּת), is a city in the Southern District of Israel. It lies 56 km (35 miles) south of Tel Aviv, 43 km (27 mi) north of Beersheba, and 68 km (42 mi) west southwest of Jerusalem. In 2022 it had a population of 64,437. The city hosts one of the most advanced semiconductor fabrication plants in the world, Intel's Fab 28 plant producing 7 nm process chips.

Etymology

Kiryat Gat is named for Gath, one of the five major cities of the Philistines. In Hebrew, "gat" means "winepress". In the 1950s, archaeologists found ruins at a nearby tell (Tel Erani) which were mistaken for the Philistine city of Gath. The location most favored for Gath now is Tel es-Safi, thirteen kilometers (8.1 miles) to the northeast.

History

Historical setting of Kiryat Gat

Kiryat Gat was founded in 1954, initially as a ma'abara. The following year it was established as a development town by 18 families from Morocco. It was founded just west of the ruins of the Palestinian Arab village of Iraq al-Manshiyya, which was ethnically cleansed in 1949 after the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. The former location of Iraq al-Manshiyya is now within the built-up area of Kiryat Gat. By 1992, Kiryat Gat had grown and spread also onto the land that formerly belonged to the village of Al-Faluja.

The population of Kiryat Gat rose from 4,400 inhabitants in 1958 to 17,000 in 1969, mostly Jewish immigrants from North Africa. The economy was initially based on processing the agricultural produce of the Lachish region, such as cotton and wool. In December 1972, Kiryat Gat's municipal status was upgraded and it became Israel's 31st city.

Aerial view of Kiryat Gat

During the 1990s, the mass immigration of Soviet Jews to Israel brought many new residents to the town and its population grew to 42,500 by 1995. The development of the Rabin industrial zone on the eastern edge of the city, and the opening of Highway 6 further improved the economy of the city.

Demographics

In 2012, the ethnic makeup of the city was 93.8 percent Jewish. In its early years, Kiryat Gat was populated mainly by Jews of Sephardi/Mizrahi origin. Since the mass immigration of Soviet Jews, approximately one third of the inhabitants hail from the former Soviet Union.

Economy

The HP, Intel, and Micron production plants in Kiryat Gat

The Polgat textile factory was the main employer in the town until it closed in the 1990s. In 1999, Intel opened a chip fabrication plant, known as Fab 18, to produce Pentium 4 chips and flash memories. Intel received a grant of $525 million from the Israeli government to build the plant. In February 2006, the cornerstone was laid for Intel's second Kiryat Gat plant, Fab 28. Despite this, Kiryat Gat has one of Israel's highest unemployment rates. In 2021, Intel announced a $10 billion investment in new manufacturing in Kiryat Gat.

The headquarters and small-arms (guns) manufacturing facility of Israeli Weapons Industries is now located in Kiryat Gat.

Transportation

Kiryat Gat is served by the Kiryat Gat Railway Station on the Tel Aviv - Be'er Sheva inter-city line of Israel Railways. Kiryat Gat is situated between two major highways, Highway 40 to the west of the town and Highway 6.

Education

Kiryat Gat has 25 schools with an enrollment of 10,676. Of these schools, 18 are elementary schools with a student population of 5,498, and 13 are high schools with a student population of 5,178. In 2001, 54.7% of Kiryat Gat's 12th grade students graduated with a matriculation certificate. Kiryat Gat has a Pedagogic Center, science centers, a computerized library and a center devoted to industry, art and technology. In 2012, a high school student from Kiryat Gat won first prize in the First Step to Nobel Prize in Physics competition.

View of Kiryat Gat's industrial area from Tel Erani

Twin towns — sister cities

Kiryat Gat is twinned with:

Notable people

  • Adi Nes (born 1966), photographer
  • Miri Regev (born 1965), politician and a former Brigadier General. She is a member of the Cabinet as the Minister of Culture and Sport from 2015–2020 and the Minister of Transportation since 2020
  • Miki Zohar (born 1980), politician. He is a former member of the Kiryat Gat City Council, a member of Knesset from 2015 to 2023, and a member of Cabinet as the Minister of Culture and Sport since 2022.
  • Ninet Tayeb (born 1983), singer and actress

See also

References

  1. "Ultra-Orthodox retake Beit Shemesh, former Haifa mayor Yona Yahav returns to office". www.timesofisrael.com. Retrieved 2024-04-13.
  2. ^ "Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
  3. Horton Harris (2011). "The location of Ziklag: a review of the candidate sites, based on Biblical, topographical and archaeological evidence". Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 143 (2): 119–133. doi:10.1179/003103211x12971861556954. S2CID 162186999.
  4. ^ "Partnership 2000, Kiryat Gat". Jewish United Fund. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  5. Khalidi, Walid (1992). All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies. p. 108. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
  6. ^ Sheet Hebron of 100,000 topological map series, Survey of Israel, 1956.
  7. Khalidi, 1992, p. 97
  8. Ed. Cecil Roth, ed. (1997). "Kiryat Gat". Encyclopaedia Judaica (CD-ROM Edition Version 1.0). Keter Publishing House. ISBN 965-07-0665-8.
  9. "Kiryat Gat- Municipality Profile" (PDF) (in Hebrew). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-06-27.
  10. "Local Authorities in Israel 2012, Publication No. 1573. Kiryat Gat" הרשויות המקומיות בישראל 2012, פרסום מס' 1573. קריית גת (PDF) (in Hebrew). הלשכה המרכזית לסטטיסטיקה Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 2014-07-16.
  11. ^ Rosenthal, Donna (2003). The Israelis: Ordinary People in an Extraordinary Land. New York: Free Press. pp. 124–126. ISBN 0-684-86973-X.
  12. Gazzar, Brenda (2006-01-05). "Intel's Inside". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2012-07-08.
  13. "Intel to Invest $10B in New Israeli Manufacturing Site". The Media Line. 2021-05-03. Retrieved 2021-09-14.
  14. Etsion, Udi (2019-09-05). "Scoot Over, Uzi, There's a new Gun in Town". CTECH - www.calcalistech.com. Retrieved 2021-07-02.
  15. Kiryat Gat teen wins first prize in international physics competition, Haaretz
  16. "Partnership Together". Jewish United Fund. Retrieved 2023-08-08.
  17. "Buffalo, New York & Kiryat Gat, Israel". Sister Cities International. Archived from the original on 2014-07-26. Retrieved 2014-07-16.
  18. "Градови побратими". Град Крушевац. Retrieved 2014-07-16.
  19. "All Governments of Israel". main.knesset.gov.il. The Knesset. n.d. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
  20. "Knesset Member, Miri Regev". knesset.gov.il. The Knesset. n.d. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
  21. "All Past and Present MKs". main.knesset.gov.il. The Knesset. n.d. Retrieved 8 August 2023.

External links

Southern District of Israel
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Regional councils
See also
Israeli cities
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