Revision as of 15:02, 25 October 2017 editTorontonianOnlines (talk | contribs)174 editsm White nationalist and white supremacist don't mean the same thing. Group more accurately described as WN and is referred to as such. Undid revision 806985250 by Grayfell (talk)← Previous edit | Latest revision as of 22:44, 5 January 2025 edit undoShellwood (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, New page reviewers, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers405,822 edits Reverted 1 edit by OrebroVi (talk): per WP:REDNOTTags: Twinkle Undo | ||
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{{short description|Neo-Nazi group in the United States}} | |||
{{Infobox organization | |||
{{Infobox militant organization | |||
|name = Identity Evropa | |||
| name = Identity Evropa<br />American Identity Movement | |||
|image = IdentityEvropa.svg | |||
| |
| logo = IdentityEvropa.svg | ||
| logo_size = 150px | |||
|abbreviation = | |||
| caption = The ], the group's symbol as Identity Evropa<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-far-right-symbols-20170814-story.html|title=A guide to some of the far-right symbols seen in Charlottesville|last=Pearce|first=Matt|date=August 14, 2017|newspaper=LA Times|access-date=March 17, 2018|archive-date=March 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180318054601/http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-far-right-symbols-20170814-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
|motto = ''You will not replace us!'' <ref>http://forward.com/fast-forward/374672/white-supremacists-have-a-new-slogan-you-will-not-replace-us/</ref> | |||
| native_name = | |||
|caption = The ] is the symbol of ''Identity Evropa'' | |||
| native_name_lang = | |||
|formation = March 2016 | |||
| other_name = AmIM,<ref name=unicornriot_2019-03-06/> AIM, IE (formerly) | |||
|extinction = | |||
| country = United States | |||
|type = ]<br>]<br>]<br>] | |||
| leader = *(Founder) Nathan Damigo (2016 – Aug. 2017) | |||
|purpose = | |||
*] (Aug. – Nov. 2017)<ref name="auto">{{cite news |author1=Staff |title=Identity Evropa and Arktos Media — Likely Bedfellows |url=https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2017/09/26/identity-evropa-and-arktos-media-%E2%80%94-likely-bedfellows |access-date=March 26, 2019 |work=Hatewatch |publisher=Southern Poverty Law Center |date=September 26, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091049/https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2017/09/26/identity-evropa-and-arktos-media-%E2%80%94-likely-bedfellows |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
*Patrick Casey (Nov. 2017 – Nov. 2020)<ref>{{cite news |author1=Staff |title=Patrick Casey, Identity Evropa's new leader, wants to ditch the "alt-right" for "identitarianism"— another euphemism for white nationalism |url=https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2017/12/05/patrick-casey-identity-evropa%E2%80%99s-new-leader-wants-ditch-alt-right-identitarianism%E2%80%94-another |access-date=March 26, 2019 |work=Hatewatch |publisher=Southern Poverty Law Center |date=December 5, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 25, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325221737/https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2017/12/05/patrick-casey-identity-evropa%E2%80%99s-new-leader-wants-ditch-alt-right-identitarianism%E2%80%94-another |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
| foundation = March 2016 | |||
| dates = <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}}–{{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | |||
| dissolved = November 2020<ref name="ADL"/> | |||
| merger = | |||
| split = | |||
| predecessor = | |||
| merged = | |||
| successor = | |||
| motives = To seize control of the US government, establish a ], and spread support for white nationalism | |||
| area = | |||
| headquarters = Washington D.C. | |||
| newspaper = | |||
| ideology = {{Plainlist}} | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
{{Endplainlist}} | |||
| position = ] | |||
| crimes = | |||
| attacks = | |||
| status = | |||
| size = roughly 800 as of July 2018<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/ncna920826|title=White nationalist leader is plotting to 'take over the GOP'|date=2018-10-17|work=NBC News US|access-date=2018-10-17|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-10-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017201333/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/ncna920826|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Tab"/> | |||
| revenue = | |||
| financing = | |||
| flag = ] | |||
| website = {{URL|https://www.identityevropa.com/}}<br />{{URL|https://www.americanidentitymovement.com/}}{{dead link|date=November 2020}} | |||
}} | |||
'''Identity Evropa''' ({{IPAc-en|j|uː|ˈ|r|oʊ|p|ə}}) was an American ], ], ],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thetab.com/us/2017/02/15/nathan-damigo-identity-evropa-60697/|title=Meet the neo-Nazi coming to put up white pride posters on your campus|date=2017-02-15|work=The Tab US|access-date=2018-01-16|language=en-US|archive-date=2019-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190803152314/https://thetab.com/us/2017/02/15/nathan-damigo-identity-evropa-60697|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2017/11/27/identity-evropas-controversial-new-ringleader|title=Identity Evropa's Controversial New Ringleader|last=Kelley|first=Brendan|date=27 November 2017|website=]|quote=But not that long ago, in spring of this year, Mosley a/k/a Kline wasn't shy about the bigotry in his polemics whatsoever. In a report for Andrew Anglin's Daily Stormer about a pro-Trump demonstration in March, Mosley wrote, "In Philadelphia, the city of faggotry love, played out an alliance between the Nazi led marchers and local police departments against their oven-dodging enemies… Spoiler, the Nazis won bigly." He continues, "This is a sign that we have moved into a new era in the Nazification of America. Normie Trump supporters are becoming racially aware and Jew Wise."|access-date=13 April 2023|archive-date=7 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200507114655/https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2017/11/27/identity-evropas-controversial-new-ringleader|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.kxly.com/news/white-supremacistdecal-found-at-gonzaga-university/706601484|title=White supremacist decals found at Gonzaga University|last=Gardner|first=Elena|date=2018-02-24|work=KXLY|access-date=2018-02-26|language=en-US|archive-date=2019-03-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327134508/https://www.kxly.com/news/white-supremacistdecal-found-at-gonzaga-university/706601484}}</ref> and ]<!-- please do not change this to "white nationalist" without first establishing consensus on the talk page --><ref name=":1" /><ref name="Branson-Potts">{{Cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-nathan-damigo-alt-right-20161115-story.html|title=In diverse California, a young white supremacist seeks to convert fellow college students|last=Branson-Potts|first=Hailey|date=2016-12-07|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2017-04-17|language=en-US|issn=0458-3035|archive-date=2021-11-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110004133/https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-nathan-damigo-alt-right-20161115-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Globe">{{Cite news|author=Dugan Arnett |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/lifestyle/2017/03/31/for-white-nationalists-college-campuses-are-new-recruiting-ground/MmxrcFXPY2ZHWycgvqCOAP/story.html|title=For white nationalists, college campuses are a new recruiting ground|work=]|date=March 31, 2017|access-date=April 17, 2017|archive-date=March 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301023636/https://www.bostonglobe.com/lifestyle/2017/03/31/for-white-nationalists-college-campuses-are-new-recruiting-ground/MmxrcFXPY2ZHWycgvqCOAP/story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> organization established in March 2016. ]{{refn|<ref name=nymag_2019-03-20/><ref name=npr_2019-03-19/><ref name=wgntv_2019-03-18/>}} as the '''American Identity Movement''' in March 2019.<ref name="unicornriot_2019-03-06" /><ref name="splc_2019-03-12" /> In November 2020, the group disbanded.<ref name="ADL">{{cite web |title=Identity Evropa/American Identity Movement |url=https://www.adl.org/resources/profiles/identity-evropaamerican-identity-movement |access-date=July 16, 2021 |website=Anti-Defamation League |archive-date=July 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210715150800/https://www.adl.org/resources/profiles/identity-evropaamerican-identity-movement |url-status=live }}</ref> Leaders and members of Identity Evropa, such as former leader ], praised ] and pushed for what they described as the "Nazification of America".<ref name=":0" /> | |||
*To spread support for white nationalism and broadcast white nationalist messaging. | |||
|affiliations = | |||
The white supremacist slogan "]<!--boldface per WP:R#PLA-->" originated from the group.<ref name=adl_2017-06-09/> In an attempt to boost its numbers, Identity Evropa allied itself with the broader ] and ]s<ref name="Branson-Potts" /> and the group targeted college campuses and students in particular<ref name="Hauslohner2">{{Cite news |last=Hauslohner |first=Abigail |date=February 15, 2017 |title=Southern Poverty Law Center says American hate groups are on the rise |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/southern-poverty-law-center-says-american-hate-groups-are-on-the-rise/2017/02/15/7e9cab02-f2d9-11e6-a9b0-ecee7ce475fc_story.html |access-date=April 17, 2017 |archive-date=March 28, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328023019/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/southern-poverty-law-center-says-american-hate-groups-are-on-the-rise/2017/02/15/7e9cab02-f2d9-11e6-a9b0-ecee7ce475fc_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> by distributing slogans on fliers, posters, and stickers.<ref name="Tab">{{Cite news|last=Shukman|first=Harry|url=http://thetab.com/us/2017/02/15/nathan-damigo-identity-evropa-60697|title=Meet the neo-Nazi coming to put up white pride posters on your campus|date=February 15, 2017|work=The Tab|location=US|language=en-US|access-date=April 17, 2017|archive-date=April 22, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422001524/https://thetab.com/us/2017/02/15/nathan-damigo-identity-evropa-60697|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Branson-Potts" /><ref name="Globe" /> According to the ] (SPLC), Identity Evropa was one of several groups which contributed to the growth of white supremacism in the United States during the 2010s, with the organization being ] as an influential ] during its four-year existence.<ref name="Hauslohner2"/><ref name="Ganim">{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/15/politics/hate-groups-spiked-in-2016/index.html|title='A resurgence of white nationalism': Hate groups spiked in 2016|author1=Sara Ganim |author2=Chris Welch |author3=Nathaniel Meyersohnl |date=February 15, 2017|work=CNN|access-date=April 17, 2017|archive-date=April 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417154821/http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/15/politics/hate-groups-spiked-in-2016/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="TerrazasMorris">{{Cite web|url=http://eltecolote.org/content/en/features/alternate-reality-growing-acceptance-of-white-nationalism-in-trumps-america/|title=Alternate Reality: Growing acceptance of white nationalism in Trump's America|author=Alexis Terrazas & Atticus Morris|work=]|date=15 December 2016|language=en-US|access-date=2017-04-17|archive-date=2019-03-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321061000/http://eltecolote.org/content/en/features/alternate-reality-growing-acceptance-of-white-nationalism-in-trumps-america/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
*] <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.propublica.org/article/white-hate-group-campaign-of-menace-rise-above-movement|title=Racist, violent, unpunished: A white hate group’s campaign of menace — ProPublica|date=2017-10-19|website=ProPublica|language=en-us|others=A.C. Thompson,Ali Winston,Darwin BondGraham|access-date=2017-10-20}}</ref> | |||
In March 2018, it was reported that the group was seeing steep declines in membership. The collapse was similarly seen in other alt-right groups, and was attributed to a widespread public backlash against white supremacist organizations that occurred after the ].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/mar/14/matthew-heimbach-neo-nazi-white-nationalism-arrest-domestic-violence|title=Prominent US neo-Nazi arrested on domestic violence charge|last=Walters|first=Joanna|date=March 14, 2018|work=]|access-date=March 15, 2018|quote=And the SPLC reported that its team monitoring far-right hate groups had seen recent signs on extremist chat boards that members of the racist US group Identity Evropa have been leaving in significant numbers.|archive-date=March 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304052253/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/mar/14/matthew-heimbach-neo-nazi-white-nationalism-arrest-domestic-violence|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2019, following a leak of the group's ] messages published by the non-profit left-wing media collective ], Patrick Casey, the group's leader, rebranded<ref name=nymag_2019-03-20>{{cite news |last1=Cheney-Rice |first1=Zak |title=Racism Is Good at Hiding. Just Ask This White Nationalist Police Officer. |url=http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/03/white-nationalist-police-officer-at-virginia-school.html |access-date=23 March 2019 |work=Intelligencer |publisher=New York Magazine |date=20 March 2019 |language=en |quote=...an organizer for Identity Evropa, a white nationalist group also known as the American Identity Movement. |archive-date=23 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323021852/http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/03/white-nationalist-police-officer-at-virginia-school.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=npr_2019-03-19>{{cite news |last1=Hegyi |first1=Nate |title=White Nationalist Groups Increase Recruiting And Propaganda Across The West |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/03/19/704586335/white-nationalist-groups-increase-recruiting-and-propaganda-across-the-west |access-date=March 23, 2019 |work=NPR |date=March 19, 2019 |language=en |quote=...and another white nationalist group, Identity Evropa — recently rebranded as the American Identity Movement. |archive-date=June 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610194357/https://www.npr.org/2019/03/19/704586335/white-nationalist-groups-increase-recruiting-and-propaganda-across-the-west |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=wgntv_2019-03-18>{{cite news |last1=Negovan |first1=Tom |last2=Davis |first2=Kelly |title=Police investigating after white nationalist stickers found along South Side Irish Parade route |url=https://wgntv.com/2019/03/18/police-investigating-after-white-nationalist-stickers-found-along-south-side-irish-parade-route/ |access-date=March 23, 2019 |work=WGN-TV |publisher=Tribune Broadcasting |date=March 19, 2019 |language=en |quote=The stickers had the name of the American Identity Movement, which is a rebranding of Identity Europa, a well-known white nationalist and neo-Nazi group. |archive-date=March 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323021853/https://wgntv.com/2019/03/18/police-investigating-after-white-nationalist-stickers-found-along-south-side-irish-parade-route/ |url-status=live }}</ref> the group with the new name "American Identity Movement" with an ] aesthetic, despite initially claiming they were unrelated organizations.<ref name=unicornriot_2019-03-06/><ref name=splc_2019-03-12/> | |||
|founder = Nathan Damigo | |||
|key_people = | |||
The Identity Evropa organization distances itself from „]“, the identitarian ] movement that emerged in France in 2003.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Les Identitaires |url=https://www.counterextremism.com/supremacy/les-identitaires |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Counter Extremism Project |language=en}}</ref> While the latter is a French movement that also includes ] approaches and ], their focus is on ] and, in addition to ] their ideology consists of ], as they see the ] and ] as the two primary ] to ].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-12 |title=Raus ! L'idéologie identitaire face aux « migrants musulmans » |url=http://sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/oir/raus-l-ideologie-identitaire-face-aux-migrants-musulmans |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=sciencespo.fr |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Forestier |first=Mathilde |date=February 2014 |title=Le mouvement identitaire en France – Un portrait |url=https://journal-exit.de/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/72-297-1-CE_IB.pdf |journal=JEX Journal EXIT-Deutschland. Zeitschrift für Deradikalisierung und demokratische Kultur |issue=2 / 2014 |pages=80 |via=JEX}}</ref> | |||
*Founder and leader Nathan Damigo | |||
*Leader Elliot Kline (2016 and 2017-) <ref>, ], ], September 26, 2017</ref> | |||
|location = ] | |||
| website = {{url|https://www.identityevropa.com/}} | |||
}} | |||
The organization's founder, Nathan Damigo ({{IPAc-en|d|ə|ˈ|m|ɪ|ɡ|oʊ}}), is a self-described member of the ].<ref name="TerrazasMorris" /> Damigo grew up in ],<ref name="TerrazasMorris" /> and was a member of the ] from 2004 to 2007.<ref name="Branson-Potts" /> In November 2007, Damigo robbed a ], taxicab driver at gunpoint, believing that the man was Iraqi.<ref name="Branson-Potts" /><ref>{{Cite web | last1=Sepulveda | first1=John | last2=Johnson | first2=Bert | date=August 14, 2017 | title=Berkeley was training ground for some in Charlottesville protests — Berkeleyside | url=http://www.berkeleyside.com/2017/08/14/berkeley-training-ground-charlottesville-protests/ | work=Berkeleyside | access-date=August 16, 2017 | quote=During a psychological evaluation conducted for the court as part of the criminal case, Damigo said he attacked the cab driver, Changiz Ezzatyar, because he mistook him for an Iraqi. | archive-date=August 16, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816142954/http://www.berkeleyside.com/2017/08/14/berkeley-training-ground-charlottesville-protests/ | url-status=live }}</ref> Damigo was convicted of ] and was incarcerated for a year in county jail and four years in state prison.<ref name="TerrazasMorris" /><ref name="Branson-Potts" /> He said of the event that "it's something that I'm certainly not proud of," attributing his behavior to "major issues" after returning from Iraq.<ref name="TerrazasMorris" /> | |||
'''Identity Evropa''' is a ] and ] group in the United States, established in March 2016.<ref name="Branson-Potts">{{Cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-nathan-damigo-alt-right-20161115-story.html|title=In diverse California, a young white supremacist seeks to convert fellow college students|last=Branson-Potts|first=Hailey|date=2016-12-07|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2017-04-17|language=en-US|issn=0458-3035}}</ref><ref name="Globe">{{Cite news|authors=Dugan Arnett|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/lifestyle/2017/03/31/for-white-nationalists-college-campuses-are-new-recruiting-ground/MmxrcFXPY2ZHWycgvqCOAP/story.html|title=For white nationalists, college campuses are a new recruiting ground|work=Boston Globe|date=March 31, 2017}}</ref> Part of the broader ] movement,<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> the group is identified as a white supremacist organization by the ]<ref>Susan Svrluga, , ''Washington Post'' (March 6, 2017).</ref> and is ] by the ] as a ].<ref name="Hauslohner">{{Cite web|author=Abigail Hauslohner|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/southern-poverty-law-center-says-american-hate-groups-are-on-the-rise/2017/02/15/7e9cab02-f2d9-11e6-a9b0-ecee7ce475fc_story.html|title=Southern Poverty Law Center says American hate groups are on the rise|newspaper=Washington Post|date=February 15, 2017}}</ref><ref name="Ganim">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/15/politics/hate-groups-spiked-in-2016/index.html|title='A resurgence of white nationalism': Hate groups spiked in 2016|authors= Sara Ganim, Chris Welch & Nathaniel Meyersohnl|publisher=CNN|date=February 15, 2017}}</ref> | |||
In prison, Damigo began to read works by far-right figures, including ].<ref name="TerrazasMorris"/><ref name="Branson-Potts"/> He was also influenced by ] and ].<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> After being released from prison in 2014,<ref name="MacLean">Alex MacLean, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170419101121/http://www.uniondemocrat.com/home/4904465-151/white-nationalist-leader-not-from-sonora |date=2017-04-19 }}, ''Union Democrat'' (December 14, 2016).</ref> Damigo led the National Youth Front,<ref name="MacLean"/><ref name="Branson-Potts"/> the youth wing of the ].<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> The group was classified as a hate group by the ] (SPLC) and ],<ref name="MacLean"/> with the SPLC reporting that it was founded by "racist Southern California skinheads that aims to deport immigrants and return the United States to white rule."<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> The National Youth Front later disbanded.<ref name="MacLean"/><ref name="Branson-Potts"/> Damigo founded Identity Evropa in March 2016.<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> His activities with "racist organizations" has been disavowed by his father.<ref>Gaffey, Conor (August 16, 2017) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904223014/http://www.newsweek.com/unite-right-charlottesville-nathan-damigo-trump-651266 |date=2017-09-04 }} '']''</ref> | |||
The group is seen as one of several groups contributing to a rising spike of white nationalism in the U.S. since 2015.<ref name="Hauslohner" /><ref name="Ganim" /><ref name="TerrazasMorris">{{Cite web|author=Alexis Terrazas & Atticus Morris|url=http://eltecolote.org/content/en/features/alternate-reality-growing-acceptance-of-white-nationalism-in-trumps-america/|title=Alternate Reality: Growing acceptance of white nationalism in Trump’s America|website=]|language=en-US|access-date=2017-04-17}}</ref> The group particularly targets college campuses,<ref name="Hauslohner" /> by distributing white nationalist slogans on fliers, posters, and stickers.<ref name="Tab">{{Cite news|author=Harry Shukman|url=http://thetab.com/us/2017/02/15/nathan-damigo-identity-evropa-60697|title=Meet the neo-Nazi coming to put up white pride posters on your campus|date=February 15, 2017|work=The Tab US|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Branson-Potts" /><ref name="Globe" /> | |||
In the aftermath of the ], the leadership position passed onto ], aka Eli Mosley.<ref name="auto"/> The group participated in the planning for the ], a white supremacist, at the ], where Mosley also spoke. In addition to Spencer and Mosley, the speakers included ], a white nationalist blogger.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wfla.com/2017/10/19/richard-spencer-drowned-out-by-boos-at-uf-speech-call-for-firing-of-white-professors/|title=WATCH: Richard Spencer gets drowned out by boos at UF speech|date=19 October 2017|access-date=24 October 2017|archive-date=23 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023072851/http://wfla.com/2017/10/19/richard-spencer-drowned-out-by-boos-at-uf-speech-call-for-firing-of-white-professors/}}</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213100532/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2017/10/19/richard-spencer-shouted-down-university-florida-speech/781966001/ |date=2023-02-13 }}, '']''</ref> The event drew about 2,500 protesters, vastly outnumbering Spencer's supporters.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205125703/https://www.newsweek.com/richard-spencer-shouted-down-florida-cuts-his-speech-short-689182 |date=2022-12-05 }}, '']''</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009024554/https://www.gainesville.com/news/20171020/behind-scenes-logistics-at-protest-let-officers-control-chaos |date=2021-10-09 }}, '']''</ref> | |||
== History == | |||
The organization's founder, '''Nathan Damigo''', is a self-described "]".<ref name="TerrazasMorris"/> Damigo grew up in ],<ref name="TerrazasMorris"/> and was a member of the ] from 2004 to 2007.<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> In November 2007, Damigo robbed a ], taxicab driver at gunpoint, believing that the man was Iraqi.<ref name="Branson-Potts"/><ref>{{Cite web | last1=Sepulveda | first1=John | last2=Johnson | first2=Bert | date=August 14, 2017 | title=Berkeley was training ground for some in Charlottesville protests — Berkeleyside | url=http://www.berkeleyside.com/2017/08/14/berkeley-training-ground-charlottesville-protests/ | website=Berkeleyside.com | publisher=Berkeleyside | access-date=August 16, 2017 | quote=During a psychological evaluation conducted for the court as part of the criminal case, Damigo said he attacked the cab driver, Changiz Ezzatyar, because he mistook him for an Iraqi.}}</ref> Damigo was convicted of ] and was incarcerated for a year in county jail and four years in state prison.<ref name="TerrazasMorris"/><ref name="Branson-Potts"/> He said of the event that "it's something that I'm certainly not proud of," attributing his behavior to "major issues" after returning from Iraq.<ref name="TerrazasMorris"/> | |||
== Re-branding as "American Identity Movement" == | |||
In prison, Damigo began to read works by far-right figures, including former ] of the ] ].<ref name="TerrazasMorris"/><ref name="Branson-Potts"/> He was also influenced by ] and ].<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> After being released from prison in 2014,<ref name="MacLean">Alex MacLean, , ''Union Democrat'' (December 14, 2016).</ref> For a time, Damigo led the National Youth Front,<ref name="MacLean"/><ref name="Branson-Potts"/> the youth wing of the ].<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> The group was classified as a hate group by the ] (SPLC) and ],<ref name="MacLean"/> with the SPLC reporting that it was founded by "racist Southern California skinheads that aims to deport immigrants and return the United States to white rule."<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> The National Youth Front later disbanded.<ref name="MacLean"/><ref name="Branson-Potts"/> Damigo founded Identity Evropa in March 2016.<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> | |||
In March 2019, the non-profit left-wing media collective ] released more than 770,000 messages leaked from ] channels related to the group. The leaks had been published on the "Discord Leaks platform" established by Unicorn Riot.<ref name=unicornriot_2019-03-06>{{Cite web|url=https://unicornriot.ninja/2019/neo-nazi-hipsters-identity-evropa-exposed-in-discord-chat-leak/|first1=Chris|last1=Schiano|first2=Freddy|last2=Martinez|title=Neo-Nazi Hipsters Identity Evropa Exposed In Discord Chat Leak|date=2019-03-06|website=UNICORN RIOT|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-19|archive-date=2019-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190319014055/https://unicornriot.ninja/2019/neo-nazi-hipsters-identity-evropa-exposed-in-discord-chat-leak/|url-status=live}}</ref> Within the leaked chat logs, members of the groups are discovered to have laid out plans to "infiltrate" local Republican parties and win public offices, plans to influence local media to garner positive coverage, as well as plans for rebranding the group's racism and antisemitism with the "identitarian" label and innocuous-sounding slogans such as "Make America Beautiful Again". The Southern Poverty Law Center commented that the group's rebrands "offers further cover to smuggle white nationalist views into mainstream politics", and that its attempts to influence media for spreading propaganda and recruiting were "often successful". Shortly after the leak, Patrick Casey said that the group "has been retired" and announced the formation a new group, "American Identity Movement". The SPLC commented that the new group will continue Identity Evropa's efforts at "quietly working to normalize their ideas within the Republican Party."<ref name=splc_2019-03-12>{{Cite web|url=https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2019/03/12/white-nationalist-group-identity-evropa-rebrands-following-private-chat-leaks-launches|title=White Nationalist Group Identity Evropa Rebrands Following Private Chat Leaks, Launches 'American Identity Movement'|date=March 12, 2019|website=Southern Poverty Law Center|language=en|access-date=2019-03-19|archive-date=2021-02-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212033529/https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2019/03/12/white-nationalist-group-identity-evropa-rebrands-following-private-chat-leaks-launches|url-status=live}}</ref> After the leak, Discord removed Identity Evropa chat channels from the platform. The group switched to ], but was again removed shortly. ] stated that they would investigate and remove associated accounts, after journalists informed the platform that Identity Evropa was using it to raise funds. Legal documents filed to the ] under the AIM ] "Foundation for American Society" was found to have used Identity Evropa's email address.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://unicornriot.ninja/2019/identity-evropa-struggles-to-gain-footing-after-rebranding-as-patriot-group/|title=Identity Evropa Struggles To Gain Footing After Rebranding as Patriot Group|last=Schiano|first=Chris|date=2019-04-11|website=UNICORN RIOT|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-07|archive-date=2019-04-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428035307/https://unicornriot.ninja/2019/identity-evropa-struggles-to-gain-footing-after-rebranding-as-patriot-group/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
] | |||
In the aftermath of the ], the leadership position passed onto Elliot Kline, aka "'''Eli Mosley'''".<ref>, ], ], September 26, 2017</ref> The group participated in the planning for the ], a white supremacist, at the ], where Mosley also spoke. In addition to Spencer and Mosley, the speakers included ], a white nationalist blogger.<ref>, ]</ref><ref>, '']''</ref> The event drew about 2,500 protestors, vastly outnumbering Spencer's supporters.<ref>, '']''</ref><ref>, '']''</ref> | |||
The leak of Identity Evropa's Discord messages led to journalists and antifascist activists exposing the identities of many of its members.<ref name=unicornriot_2019-04-27>{{Cite web|url=https://unicornriot.ninja/2019/americans-of-european-heritage-exclusively-identity-evropa-front-group-meetings-leaked/|title='Americans of European Heritage Exclusively': Identity Evropa Front Group Meetings Leaked|last=Schiano|first=Chris|date=2019-04-27|website=Unicorn Riot|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-28|archive-url=https://archive.today/20190428170356/https://unicornriot.ninja/2019/americans-of-european-heritage-exclusively-identity-evropa-front-group-meetings-leaked/|archive-date=2019-04-28|url-status=live}}</ref> Following the leak, an investigation by '']'' reported that seven Identity Evropa members were also currently serving in the U.S. armed forces and were actively disseminating Identity Evropa materials in their communities. According to military spokespersons, several of them were being investigated by their military branches.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mathias |first1=Christopher |title=Exclusive: 7 U.S. Military Members Identified As Part Of White Nationalist Group |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/white-nationalists-military-identity-evropa_n_5c8ab70ae4b0d7f6b0f1094b |access-date=March 23, 2019 |work=HuffPost |date=March 17, 2019 |language=en |archive-date=December 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217172531/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/white-nationalists-military-identity-evropa_n_5c8ab70ae4b0d7f6b0f1094b |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Pritha |first1=Paul |title=US Armed Forces Members Linked To White Nationalist Group Identity Evropa: Report |url=https://www.ibtimes.com/us-armed-forces-members-linked-white-nationalist-group-identity-evropa-report-2776471 |access-date=March 23, 2019 |work=International Business Times |date=March 18, 2019 |archive-date=March 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323054602/https://www.ibtimes.com/us-armed-forces-members-linked-white-nationalist-group-identity-evropa-report-2776471 |url-status=live }}</ref> A ] officer in Virginia who was working as a school resource officer at a local high school was also identified as a pledge coordinator for Identity Evropa.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Dyer|first=Andrew|date=2019-03-24|title=Leaks reveal white nationalists active at San Diego colleges|url=https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-san-diego-white-nationalists-20190324-story.html|access-date=2020-07-28|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121124404/https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-san-diego-white-nationalists-20190324-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The officer was suspended from his position, and the Chesterfield police chief began the process for him to be fired per state law.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bowes |first1=Mark |title=Chesterfield police chief recommends officer be fired after alleged link to white supremacist group |url=https://www.richmond.com/news/local/crime/chesterfield-police-chief-recommends-officer-be-fired-after-alleged-link/article_c17f9882-884d-5f00-ba97-dabd3652e9fd.html |access-date=March 23, 2019 |work=Richmond Times-Dispatch |date=March 18, 2019 |language=en |archive-date=March 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323054602/https://www.richmond.com/news/local/crime/chesterfield-police-chief-recommends-officer-be-fired-after-alleged-link/article_c17f9882-884d-5f00-ba97-dabd3652e9fd.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Weill |first1=Kelly |title=Cop Working at High School Revealed as White Nationalist Organizer |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/virginia-cop-daniel-morley-revealed-as-identity-evropa-member |access-date=March 23, 2019 |work=Daily Beast |date=March 18, 2019 |language=en |archive-date=March 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323021856/https://www.thedailybeast.com/virginia-cop-daniel-morley-revealed-as-identity-evropa-member |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Virginia police department investigating officer's alleged white nationalist ties |url=https://www.whsv.com/content/news/Virginia-police-department-investigating-officers-alleged-white-nationalist-ties-507307291.html |access-date=March 23, 2019 |work=WHSV |agency=ABC News |date=March 18, 2019 |location=Harrisonburg, Virginia |language=en |archive-date=March 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323054602/https://www.whsv.com/content/news/Virginia-police-department-investigating-officers-alleged-white-nationalist-ties-507307291.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In April 2019, a teacher at ] near ] was placed on paid leave while the school investigated allegations he was a member of the group, based on leaked chat logs.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Deruy |first1=Emily |title=San Jose teacher placed on leave over alleged ties to white supremacist group |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/04/25/san-jose-teacher-placed-on-leave-over-alleged-ties-to-white-supremacist-group/ |access-date=April 27, 2019 |work=The Mercury News |agency=Bay Area News Group |date=April 25, 2019 |archive-date=April 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427011952/https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/04/25/san-jose-teacher-placed-on-leave-over-alleged-ties-to-white-supremacist-group/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Fehely |first1=Devin |title=Teacher at San Jose Private School Investigated for Alleged White Nationalist Ties |url=https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2019/04/25/teacher-san-jose-private-school-investigated-white-nationalist-ties/ |access-date=April 27, 2019 |work=KPIX |agency=CBS |date=April 25, 2019 |language=en |archive-date=April 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427032702/https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2019/04/25/teacher-san-jose-private-school-investigated-white-nationalist-ties/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In the same month, a master sergeant of the U.S. Air Force's ] was being investigated by the military as a possible member, again based on leaked chat logs. The sergeant had allegedly posted photographs of himself applying group stickers, holding banners, and painting Identity Evropa's logo on an underpass in ].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Losey |first1=Stephen |title=Air Force investigating airman's alleged ties to white nationalist group |url=https://www.airforcetimes.com/news/your-air-force/2019/04/26/air-force-investigating-airmans-alleged-ties-to-white-nationalist-group/ |access-date=April 27, 2019 |work=Air Force Times |date=April 26, 2019 |archive-date=April 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413215230/https://www.airforcetimes.com/news/your-air-force/2019/04/26/air-force-investigating-airmans-alleged-ties-to-white-nationalist-group/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Frazin |first1=Rachel |title=Air Force sergeant accused of placing white nationalist stickers in Colorado towns |url=https://thehill.com/policy/defense/air-force/439279-air-force-sergeant-accused-of-placing-white-nationalist-stickers-in |access-date=April 27, 2019 |work=TheHill |date=April 17, 2019 |language=en |archive-date=April 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427032704/https://thehill.com/policy/defense/air-force/439279-air-force-sergeant-accused-of-placing-white-nationalist-stickers-in |url-status=live }}</ref> Also in April, a 19-year-old ] recruit from ] and a member of the group, was recalled from basic training and investigated by the ].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.startribune.com/minnesota-national-guard-investigating-chaska-recruit-s-ties-to-white-supremacist-group/509185282/|title=Minnesota National Guard probing Chaska recruit's ties to hate group|last=DeLong|first=Matt|date=April 28, 2019|work=Star Tribune|access-date=2019-04-29|archive-date=2019-04-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190429031013/http://www.startribune.com/minnesota-national-guard-investigating-chaska-recruit-s-ties-to-white-supremacist-group/509185282/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
In late April 2019, ''Unicorn Riot'' published several audio recordings of the group's weekly meetings. These audio recordings reveal that, despite Casey's claim that American Identity Movement is not a rebrand of Identity Evropa, the two are in fact the same group. Matthew Warner, the group's second-in-command, admitted in the recordings that Identity Evropa's membership list and dues payments directly carry over to the AIM, and reiterated that the group would only accept non-Jewish White Americans. After the Discord leak, the groups has used stricter vetting processes in an attempt to prevent future leaks, where members are required to make two ] calls and one in-person meeting before being given "sensitive information" such as the location of the group's new headquarter in Washington D.C.. After the rebrand, Identity Evropa continued its attempts to coordinate its members to edit the group's Misplaced Pages page into more favorable terms. Leaders of the group expressed fear that the existing page for IE would simply be renamed into AIM, which would foil the groups's rebranding attempts. In the recordings, Casey urged members to rebrand their social media accounts as well, saying that the groups's new Americana aesthetic would help its members avoid being held accountable for their membership. Discussing the group's strategy, Casey said in the recordings that the group would appeal to the "boomer patriot crowd", and would ideally exploit political crises to seize control of the United States government, and replacing it with a white-only "identitarian" regime.<ref name=unicornriot_2019-04-27/> | |||
== Fake Antifa Twitter account == | |||
In June 2020, during the ], Identity Evropa set up a ] account on ] purporting to represent the antifascist movement ]. The account urged violence, with comments such as "Tonight's the night, Comrades ... Tonight we say 'Fuck The City' and we move into the residential areas... the white hoods.... and we take what's ours." According to a spokesperson for Twitter, it was not the first time that Identity Evropa had created such fake accounts. Before the account was closed down by Twitter, it had been cited by United States law enforcement officials as an example of left-wing radicals attempting to foment violence.{{Citation needed|date=July 2022}} A comment on the account was re-posted on ] by ], who commented about antifa, "They're not even pretending anymore." John Cohen, a former senior ] official, said, "Time and time again we have seen public figures, media personalities and even government officials amplifying disinformation and extremist rhetoric intended to inspire violence. ... A great step in deescalating the violence currently facing the Nation would be for this to end." ] also took action against supposed antifa accounts, and had prevented the Twitter postings from being distributed on its platform.<ref>Collins, Ben; ]; and Saliba, Emmanuelle (June 2, 2020) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200602022352/https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/security/twitter-takes-down-washington-protest-disinformation-bot-behavior-n1221456 |date=2020-06-02 }} ]</ref><ref>Margolin, Josh and Thorbecke, Catherine (June 2, 2020) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612172420/https://abcnews.go.com/US/twitter-removes-account-white-nationalist-group-posing-antifa/story?id=71024345 |date=2020-06-12 }} ]</ref><ref>Holmes, Aaron (June 2, 2020) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604044550/https://www.businessinsider.com/white-nationalist-identity-evropa-twitter-antifa-looting-2020-6 |date=2020-06-04 }} '']''</ref> | |||
In 2017, Data & Society, a non-profit research organization, documented how fake antifa accounts are used to damage the movement, writing, "Various white supremacist groups have consistently tried to damage Antifa's reputation in the media by 'doxing' protesters (releasing their personal information) or impersonating them online ... Throughout 2017, right-wing manipulators utilized parody to discredit Antifa, taking advantage of available Twitter handles and public confusion about the organization and their motives."<ref>Reader, Ruth (June 3, 2020) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603222648/https://www.fastcompany.com/90512186/white-nationalists-are-using-fake-antifa-twitter-accounts-to-disrupt-protests |date=2020-06-03 }} '']''</ref> | |||
==Views== | ==Views== | ||
{{Neo-Nazism sidebar |expanded=organizations}} | |||
Identity Evropa is a white supremacist group;<ref name="Globe"/><ref name="Branson-Potts"/><ref name="Watt">Cecilia Saixue Watt, , ''The Guardian'' (July 11, 2017).</ref> the organization and its leader Damigo espouse ]<ref name="Branson-PottsMelee"/> and ] views.<ref name="MacLean"/><ref name="Anderson">Mike Anderson, , ''Rapid City Journal'' (March 5, 2017).</ref> The group endorses ].<ref name="Watt"/> It "bills itself as a 'generation of awakened Europeans' who 'oppose those who would defame our history and rich cultural heritage'".<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> Damigo describes it as "an identitarian organization"<ref name="Tab"/> and says that the group's aim is to "act as a ], over time shifting the edifice of our political establishment" in favor of what he describes as "pro-white" interests.<ref name="Nestel"/> Identity Evropa's spokesman and director of administration, Reinhard Wolff, states that Identity Evropa is engaged in a "]" in an effort to create a "90 percent white" America.<ref name="Anderson"/> The white supremacist slogan "You will not replace us" originates from the group, according to the Anti-Defamation League.<ref></ref> | |||
Identity Evropa is a neo-Nazi and white supremacist group;<ref name="Globe"/><ref name="Branson-Potts"/><ref name="Watt">Cecilia Saixue Watt, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103213157/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/jul/11/redneck-revolt-guns-anti-racism-fascism-far-left |date=2021-11-03 }}, ''The Guardian'' (July 11, 2017).</ref> the organization espouses ]<ref name="Branson-PottsMelee"/> and ] views.<ref name="MacLean"/><ref name="Anderson">Mike Anderson, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170318132832/http://rapidcityjournal.com/news/pro-white-group-puts-up-posters-at-mines-and-bhsu/article_493b0c1b-baf7-5fc4-8c8b-a2512285c3a9.html |date=2017-03-18 }}, ''Rapid City Journal'' (March 5, 2017).</ref> The group endorses ].<ref name="Watt"/> It "bills itself as a 'generation of awakened Europeans' who 'oppose those who would defame our history and rich cultural heritage'".<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> Damigo describes it as "an identitarian organization"<ref name="Tab"/> and says that the group's aim is to "act as a ], over time shifting the edifice of our political establishment" in favor of what he describes as "pro-white" interests.<ref name="Nestel"/> Identity Evropa's spokesman and director of administration, Reinhard Wolff, states that Identity Evropa is engaged in a "]" in an effort to create a "90 percent white" America.<ref name="Anderson"/> | |||
The white supremacist slogan "You will not replace us" originated from the group, according to the Anti-Defamation League, after Damigo and other members of Identity Evropa appeared on camera chanting the words during ]'s '']'' project at New York's ] in February 2017.<ref name=adl_2017-06-09>{{cite web|url=https://www.adl.org/blog/white-supremacists-adopt-new-slogan-you-will-not-replace-us|title=White Supremacists Adopt New Slogan: "You Will Not Replace Us"|work=ADL Blog|publisher=Anti-Defamation League|date=June 9, 2017|access-date=August 16, 2017|archive-date=June 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616120828/https://www.adl.org/blog/white-supremacists-adopt-new-slogan-you-will-not-replace-us|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
Identity Evropa excludes ] from membership because Damigo regards Jews as non-white.<ref name="Tab"/><ref name="Thompson">Gabriel Thompson, , ''Newsweek'' (February 28, 2017).</ref> Only those "of European, non-Semitic heritage" may join the group.<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> Damigo claims that "Jewish power, Jewish influence" has "been extraordinarily negative for people of European heritage".<ref name="Tab"/> He has refused to say whether he ].<ref name="Thompson"/><ref name="Tab"/> | |||
Identity Evropa excludes ] from membership because Damigo regards Jews as non-white.<ref name="Tab"/><ref name="Thompson">Gabriel Thompson, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418085114/http://www.newsweek.com/golden-state-hate-extremism-history-california-561843 |date=2017-04-18 }}, ''Newsweek'' (February 28, 2017).</ref> Only those "of European, non-Semitic heritage" may join the group.<ref name="Branson-Potts"/> Damigo claims that "Jewish power, Jewish influence" has "been extraordinarily negative for people of European heritage".<ref name="Tab"/> He has refused to say whether he ].<ref name="Thompson"/><ref name="Tab"/> | |||
The ] has labeled Identity Evropa a white supremacist group,<ref name="Onward"/> and the ] (SPLC), which tracks extremist groups in the United States, has designated it as a hate group.<ref name="APSouthDakota"/><ref name="SPLC">{{Cite news|url=https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/ideology/white-nationalist|title=White Nationalist|publisher=Southern Poverty Law Center|access-date=April 17, 2017|language=en}}</ref> Their campus-centric advertising posters depict photos of classical greek sculptures of men overlaid with various short slogans which urge whites to embrace cultural elitism. Mark Potok, a senior fellow at the SPLC, states, "Identity Evropa is merely the latest iteration of the white-supremacist movement. Although you might think, based on their propaganda, that they're all about Plato and Aristotle and Socrates, in fact they're merely a gussied-up version of the Klan."<ref name="Nestel"/> Anna North, writing in the '']'', states that the group promotes racism under the guise of white racial pride and cultural identity for those who are of European ancestry.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/16/opinion/lets-become-great-again-the-flyers-said.html|title='Let's Become Great Again,' the Flyers Said|last=North|first=Anna|date=February 16, 2017|work=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> | |||
The ] has labeled Identity Evropa a white supremacist group,<ref name="ADL" /><ref name="Onward"/><ref>Susan Svrluga, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418082823/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/grade-point/wp/2017/03/06/unprecedented-effort-by-white-supremacists-to-recruit-and-target-college-students-group-claims/ |date=2017-04-18 }}, ''The Washington Post'' (March 6, 2017).</ref> and the ] (SPLC), which tracks extremist groups in the United States, has designated it as a hate group.<ref name="Hauslohner2" /><ref name="APSouthDakota"/><ref name="SPLC">{{Cite news|url=https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/ideology/white-nationalist|title=White Nationalist|publisher=Southern Poverty Law Center|access-date=April 17, 2017|language=en|archive-date=August 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200821093734/https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/ideology/white-nationalist|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Ganim2">{{Cite news |author1=Sara Ganim |author2=Chris Welch |author3=Nathaniel Meyersohnl |date=February 15, 2017 |title='A resurgence of white nationalism': Hate groups spiked in 2016 |publisher=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/15/politics/hate-groups-spiked-in-2016/index.html |access-date=April 17, 2017 |archive-date=April 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417154821/http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/15/politics/hate-groups-spiked-in-2016/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Their campus-centric advertising posters depict photos of classical Greek sculptures of men overlaid with various short slogans which urge whites to embrace cultural elitism. Mark Potok, a senior fellow at the SPLC, states, "Identity Evropa is merely the latest iteration of the white-supremacist movement. Although you might think, based on their propaganda, that they're all about Plato and Aristotle and Socrates, in fact they're merely a gussied-up version of the Klan."<ref name="Nestel"/> ], writing in '']'', states that the group promotes racism under the guise of white racial pride and cultural identity for those who are of European ancestry.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/16/opinion/lets-become-great-again-the-flyers-said.html|title='Let's Become Great Again,' the Flyers Said|last=North|first=Anna|date=February 16, 2017|work=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=April 17, 2017|archive-date=April 18, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418155150/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/16/opinion/lets-become-great-again-the-flyers-said.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
==Activities== | ==Activities== | ||
In December 2016, the group had roughly 200 members.<ref name="MacLean"/> In a February 2017 interview, Damigo claimed a membership of 300.<ref name="Tab"/> The group has distributed fliers on dozens of college campuses including the ], ], ], ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.roanoke.com/news/virginia/white-supremacist-stickers-attempt-to-recruit-local-college-students-in/article_4adac45d-4d57-5a5d-89bb-3159e2ca9589.html|work=]|title=White supremacist stickers attempt to recruit local college students in Lynchburg|author=Moody, Josh|date=September 13, 2017|access-date=January 17, 2019|archive-date=April 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413105330/https://www.roanoke.com/news/virginia/white-supremacist-stickers-attempt-to-recruit-local-college-students-in/article_4adac45d-4d57-5a5d-89bb-3159e2ca9589.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ], ], ], ], ], ], and the ].<ref name="Globe" /><ref name="Tab" /><ref name="APSouthDakota">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ksfy.com/content/news/White-supremacist-posters-appear-at-2-South-Dakota-colleges-415430093.html|title=White supremacist posters appear at 2 South Dakota colleges|agency=Associated Press|date=March 5, 2017|language=en|access-date=April 17, 2017|archive-date=April 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417235742/http://www.ksfy.com/content/news/White-supremacist-posters-appear-at-2-South-Dakota-colleges-415430093.html}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Dyer|first=Andrew|date=2019-03-24|title=Leaks reveal San Diego operations of white nationalists active at area colleges|url=https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/military/sd-me-white-nationalists-campuses-20190324-story.html|access-date=2020-07-28|website=San Diego Union-Tribune|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714042956/https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/military/sd-me-white-nationalists-campuses-20190324-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Mapp|first=Lauren J.|date=2018-02-07|title=White nationalist flyers appear at San Diego State|url=https://thedailyaztec.com/87638/news/white-nationalist-flyers-appear-at-san-diego-state/|access-date=2020-07-28|website=The Daily Aztec|archive-date=2020-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728193810/https://thedailyaztec.com/87638/news/white-nationalist-flyers-appear-at-san-diego-state/|url-status=live}}</ref> According to an ADL count, Identity Evropa was by far the most active white supremacist group on college campuses in 2017, responsible for 158 of the 346 incidents nationwide of the posting of white supremacist propaganda fliers.<ref>{{cite web|author=Rachel Frazin|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2018-02-21/identity-evropa-elicits-concern-on-campus|title=Identity Evropa Elicits Concern on Campus|work=]|date=February 21, 2018|access-date=2018-03-23|archive-date=2018-03-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323095552/https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2018-02-21/identity-evropa-elicits-concern-on-campus|url-status=live}}</ref> These fliers typically show photos of ] and ]. According to art critic ], the random use of dissimilar photos demonstrates a poor understanding of European culture and art history.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Davis |first1=Ben |author-link1=Ben Davis (art critic) |title=White Nationalism's New Love of Art History, Decoded |url=https://news.artnet.com/art-world/identity-evropa-posters-art-symbolism-881747 |access-date=25 June 2018 |work=artnet News |date=7 March 2017 |quote=But when you look into the sources, the images themselves suggest an awareness of this culture that doesn't go much deeper than visual cliché. Instead, what you find is a hodgepodge; an identity pieced together in internet forums, from tourist pictures and Google image searches; militant ignorance masquerading as tradition. |archive-date=25 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625075704/https://news.artnet.com/art-world/identity-evropa-posters-art-symbolism-881747 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
At Ohio State, the group has considered seeking recognized student organization status.<ref name="Onward">{{Cite web|url=https://onwardstate.com/2017/04/13/meet-the-white-identitarian-group-here-at-penn-state-thats-growing-in-numbers/|title=White 'Identitarian' Group Identity Evropa Considers Seeking Student Org Recognition|date=April 13, 2017|website=Onward State|access-date=April 17, 2017|archive-date=April 16, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416225022/http://onwardstate.com/2017/04/13/meet-the-white-identitarian-group-here-at-penn-state-thats-growing-in-numbers/|url-status=live}}</ref> The group's "#ProjectSiege" aims to "siege" college campuses with literature<ref name="Onward" /> in order to combat what Damigo describes as a "false anti-white narrative" by professors, whom Damigo calls "charlatans."<ref name="Nestel">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/10/10/veteran-posts-signs-at-colleges-telling-whites-to-be-great-again.html|title=Veteran Posts Signs at Colleges Telling Whites to Be 'Great Again'|last=Nestel|first=M. L.|date=October 10, 2016|website=The Daily Beast|access-date=April 17, 2017|archive-date=April 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417035616/http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/10/10/veteran-posts-signs-at-colleges-telling-whites-to-be-great-again.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://hateinamerica.news21.com/two-fraternities-like-no-others/|title=Two 'fraternities' like no others|work=Hate In America|access-date=2020-01-27|archive-date=2019-12-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222112825/https://hateinamerica.news21.com/two-fraternities-like-no-others/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
The group is relatively small in size.<ref name="Ganim"/> In December 2016, the group had roughly 200 members.<ref name="MacLean"/> In a February 2017 interview, Damigo claimed a membership of 300.<ref name="Tab"/> | |||
The group is seen as one of several groups contributing to a rising spike of white nationalism in the U.S. since 2015.<ref name="Hauslohner"/><ref name="Ganim"/><ref name="TerrazasMorris"/> The group particularly targets college campuses,<ref name="Hauslohner"/> by distributing white nationalist slogans on fliers, posters, and stickers.<ref name="Tab"/><ref name="Globe"/><ref name="Branson-Potts"/> The group has distributed fliers at on dozens of colleges campuses, including the ], ], ], ], and the ].<ref name="Globe"/><ref name="Tab"/><ref name="APSouthDakota">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ksfy.com/content/news/White-supremacist-posters-appear-at-2-South-Dakota-colleges-415430093.html|title=White supremacist posters appear at 2 South Dakota colleges|agency=Associated Press|date=March 5, 2017|language=en}}</ref> At Ohio State, the group has considered seeking recognized student organization status.<ref name="Onward">{{Cite web|url=https://onwardstate.com/2017/04/13/meet-the-white-identitarian-group-here-at-penn-state-thats-growing-in-numbers/|title=White ‘Identitarian’ Group Identity Evropa Considers Seeking Student Org Recognition|date=April 13, 2017|website=Onward State}}</ref> The group's "#ProjectSiege" aims to "siege" college campuses with literature<ref name="Onward"/> in order to combat what Damigo describes as a "false anti-white narrative" by teachers, whom Damigo calls "charlatans."<ref name="Nestel">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/10/10/veteran-posts-signs-at-colleges-telling-whites-to-be-great-again.html|title=Veteran Posts Signs at Colleges Telling Whites to Be ‘Great Again’|last=Nestel|first=M. L.|date=October 10, 2016|website=The Daily Beast}}</ref> | |||
In late 2016, Damigo and Identity Evropa members traveled to Washington, D.C., for a post-election conference hosted by the white supremacist ], at which keynote speaker ] and several other attendees rendered a ].<ref name="MacLean"/> | In late 2016, Damigo and Identity Evropa members traveled to Washington, D.C., for a post-election conference hosted by the white supremacist ], at which keynote speaker ] and several other attendees rendered a ].<ref name="MacLean"/> | ||
During the ], Damigo punched a young woman, captured on video that subsequently went ].<ref>Christin Ayers, , CBS San Francisco (]/]) (April 16, 2017).</ref> Footage showed Damigo punching the woman in the face, then running away into the crowd.<ref name="Branson-PottsMelee">{{Cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-nathan-damigo-stanislaus-state-20170417-story.html|title=Cal State Stanislaus to investigate white supremacist student who punched woman in Berkeley melee|last=Branson-Potts|first=Hailey|date=2017-04-17|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2017-04-17|language=en-US|issn=0458-3035}}</ref> The attack prompted calls for Damigo's arrest or expulsion from ], where he is a student; the university subsequently said that it was investigating Damigo.<ref name="Branson-PottsMelee"/> | During the ], Damigo punched a young woman, captured on video that subsequently went ].<ref>Christin Ayers, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418083442/http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2017/04/16/viral-video-shows-white-supremacist-sucker-punch-berkeley-anti-trump-protester/ |date=2017-04-18 }}, CBS San Francisco (]/]) (April 16, 2017).</ref> Footage showed Damigo punching the woman in the face, then running away into the crowd.<ref name="Branson-PottsMelee">{{Cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-nathan-damigo-stanislaus-state-20170417-story.html|title=Cal State Stanislaus to investigate white supremacist student who punched woman in Berkeley melee|last=Branson-Potts|first=Hailey|date=2017-04-17|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2017-04-17|language=en-US|issn=0458-3035|archive-date=2017-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418082027/http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-nathan-damigo-stanislaus-state-20170417-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The attack prompted calls for Damigo's arrest or expulsion from ], where he is a student; the university subsequently said that it was investigating Damigo.<ref name="Branson-PottsMelee"/> | ||
Damigo has been identified as a leader in the August 2017 ]. A news source that has interviewed him states that "Damigo has made these rallies a key driver for recruiting new members of the group |
Damigo has been identified as a leader in the August 2017 ]. A news source that has interviewed him states that "Damigo has made these rallies a key driver for recruiting new members of the group".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Johnson|first1=Bert|title=Californian Who Helped Lead Charlottesville Protests Used Berkeley as a Test Run|url=https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/14/californian-who-helped-organize-charlottesville-protests-used-berkeley-as-a-test-run/|website=KQED News|date=14 August 2017 |access-date=August 17, 2017|archive-date=August 16, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816195215/https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/14/californian-who-helped-organize-charlottesville-protests-used-berkeley-as-a-test-run/|url-status=live}}</ref> Additionally, ], one of the members of Identity Evropa, was dubbed as the "angry torch guy" in the Unite the Right rally.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/charlotteville-photo-student-peter-cvjetanovic-not-angry-racist-white-nationalists-uva-university-of-a7891791.html|website=The Independent|access-date=August 14, 2018|date=August 14, 2017|last1=Khan|first1=Shehab|title=Charlottesville photo: Man shouting angrily at white supremacist rally insists he is not an 'angry racist'|archive-date=August 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815101010/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/charlotteville-photo-student-peter-cvjetanovic-not-angry-racist-white-nationalists-uva-university-of-a7891791.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
On July 28, 2018, around 45 members of Identity Evropa, some dressed as construction workers, demonstrated outside the Mexican consulate in ], ], holding large letters that spelled out "Build the Wall". The government of Mexico said it had written a diplomatic note to the ] protesting the incident.<ref>{{cite news|agency=Reuters|title=Mexico Condemns Anti-Immigrant Chants Outside New York Consulate|url=https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2018/07/31/world/americas/31reuters-mexico-usa-racism.html|newspaper=]|access-date=July 30, 2018|archive-date=July 31, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731232643/https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2018/07/31/world/americas/31reuters-mexico-usa-racism.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Later that day, a group of several dozen Identity Evropa members hung a banner in ] in ]. The banner, which said "Stop the invasion, end immigration", overlooked the ]. The response of the ] and ] communities was to hold a "vigil against hate" at the same site on July 31.<ref>Del Signore, John (July 31, 2018) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801111601/http://gothamist.com/2018/07/31/fort_tryon_park_hate_group.php |date=2018-08-01 }} '']''</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Ramey|first1=Corinne|title=White Nationalists Rally in Liberal New York|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/white-nationalists-rally-in-liberal-new-york-1533073903|newspaper=]|access-date=July 31, 2018|date=July 31, 2018|archive-date=August 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801034449/https://www.wsj.com/articles/white-nationalists-rally-in-liberal-new-york-1533073903|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
==See also== | |||
On February 9, 2019, eleven Identity Evropa members went to the ]'s ] carrying colored smoke flares and a banner that read, "End immigration!" Patrick Casey stated that the action was in response to the University's condemning of the organization earlier in the year, after it had posted stickers around the campus. Police were called, but the members left before they arrived.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Tanner, Courtney|url=https://www.sltrib.com/news/education/2019/02/11/white-nationalist-group/|title=White nationalist group rallies at the University of Utah with an anti-immigrant banner|newspaper=]|language=en-US|date=February 11, 2019|access-date=February 27, 2019|archive-date=February 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228004553/https://www.sltrib.com/news/education/2019/02/11/white-nationalist-group/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
* ] | |||
On April 27, 2019, hours after the ] in California, around ten members of Identity Evropa disrupted a book discussion event at the Politics and Prose bookstore at Washington D.C. The book discussed at the event was ''Dying of Whiteness: How the Politics of Racial Resentment is Killing America's Heartland'', by Jonathan Metzl, which discusses how working class white Americans who were attracted by the Trump administration's promises end up having a greater risk of illness and a shorter life expectancy as a result of its policies. Members of the group interrupted Metzl's speech using a bullhorn, said "You would have the white working class trade their homeland for handouts. But we, as nationalists and identitarians, can offer the workers of this country a homeland, their birthright, in addition to health care, good jobs and so forth.", and chanted "This land is our land" while walking through the bookstore, before exiting ten minutes later. Washington D.C. mayor, ], condemned the Poway shooting and the bookstore disruption in a tweet, denouncing the former as "horrific act of hate and antisemitism" and the latter as "ignorance and hate".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://splinternews.com/white-supremacists-disrupt-dc-bookstore-discussion-on-r-1834365211|title=White Supremacists Disrupt DC Bookstore Discussion on Race, Politics|date=April 28, 2019|last=Boddiger|first=David|website=Splinter|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-29|archive-date=2019-04-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428232303/https://splinternews.com/white-supremacists-disrupt-dc-bookstore-discussion-on-r-1834365211|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/politics-and-prose-nationalists-disrupt-dc-bookstore-chanting-this-land-is-our-land/|title=Nationalists disrupt D.C. bookstore chanting "this land is our land"|date=April 27, 2019|website=www.cbsnews.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-29|archive-date=2019-04-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428193059/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/politics-and-prose-nationalists-disrupt-dc-bookstore-chanting-this-land-is-our-land/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
The 2019 leaks also disclosed that the organizations were targeting college conservatives, attempting to convert them to their ideology.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> | |||
== Dissolution == | |||
Casey announced the dissolution of American Identity Movement (AIM) in a statement posted online on November 2, 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-03|title=Building Upon Our Success: The Disbanding of AIM - American Identity …|url=https://americanidentitymovement.com/2020/11/02/building-upon-our-success-the-disbanding-of-aim/|access-date=2020-11-15|website=archive.is|archive-date=2020-11-03|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201103010709/https://americanidentitymovement.com/2020/11/02/building-upon-our-success-the-disbanding-of-aim/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-03|title=Neo-Nazi 'American Identity Movement' Disbands|url=https://unicornriot.ninja/2020/neo-nazi-american-identity-movement-disbands/|access-date=2020-11-15|website=UNICORN RIOT|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116141101/https://unicornriot.ninja/2020/neo-nazi-american-identity-movement-disbands/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
==See also== | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | * ] | ||
== |
== References == | ||
===Notes=== | |||
{{Reflist|30em}} | |||
{{Reflist}} | |||
===Further reading=== | |||
*{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/05/insider/confronting-a-white-nationalist-eli-mosley.html|title=How Our Reporter Uncovered a Lie That Propelled an Alt-Right Extremist's Rise|last=Cott|first=Emma|date=February 5, 2018|newspaper=]|access-date=2019-04-28|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180206021544/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/05/insider/confronting-a-white-nationalist-eli-mosley.html|archive-date=February 6, 2018|url-status=live}} | |||
{{Alt-right footer}} | {{Alt-right footer}} | ||
{{White nationalism}} | {{White nationalism}} | ||
{{Neo-Nazism}} | |||
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Latest revision as of 22:44, 5 January 2025
Neo-Nazi group in the United StatesIdentity Evropa American Identity Movement | |
---|---|
The Dragon's Eye, the group's symbol as Identity Evropa | |
Also known as | AmIM, AIM, IE (formerly) |
Leader |
|
Foundation | March 2016 |
Dissolved | November 2020 |
Country | United States |
Motives | To seize control of the US government, establish a white ethnostate, and spread support for white nationalism |
Headquarters | Washington D.C. |
Ideology | |
Political position | Far-right |
Size | roughly 800 as of July 2018 |
Flag | |
Website | www www |
Identity Evropa (/juːˈroʊpə/) was an American far-right, neo-Nazi, neo-Fascist, and white supremacist organization established in March 2016. It was rebranded as the American Identity Movement in March 2019. In November 2020, the group disbanded. Leaders and members of Identity Evropa, such as former leader Elliot Kline, praised Nazi Germany and pushed for what they described as the "Nazification of America".
The white supremacist slogan "You will not replace us" originated from the group. In an attempt to boost its numbers, Identity Evropa allied itself with the broader alt-right and identitarian movements and the group targeted college campuses and students in particular by distributing slogans on fliers, posters, and stickers. According to the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC), Identity Evropa was one of several groups which contributed to the growth of white supremacism in the United States during the 2010s, with the organization being designated by it as an influential hate group during its four-year existence.
In March 2018, it was reported that the group was seeing steep declines in membership. The collapse was similarly seen in other alt-right groups, and was attributed to a widespread public backlash against white supremacist organizations that occurred after the 2017 Charlottesville rally. In March 2019, following a leak of the group's Discord messages published by the non-profit left-wing media collective Unicorn Riot, Patrick Casey, the group's leader, rebranded the group with the new name "American Identity Movement" with an Americana aesthetic, despite initially claiming they were unrelated organizations.
The Identity Evropa organization distances itself from „Les Identitaires“, the identitarian nationalist movement that emerged in France in 2003. While the latter is a French movement that also includes Far-right approaches and Nationalism, their focus is on French Nationalism and, in addition to anti-Islam their ideology consists of Anti-Americanism, as they see the United States and Islam as the two primary imperialistic threats to Europe.
The organization's founder, Nathan Damigo (/dəˈmɪɡoʊ/), is a self-described member of the identitarian movement. Damigo grew up in San Jose, California, and was a member of the U.S. Marine Corps from 2004 to 2007. In November 2007, Damigo robbed a La Mesa, California, taxicab driver at gunpoint, believing that the man was Iraqi. Damigo was convicted of armed robbery and was incarcerated for a year in county jail and four years in state prison. He said of the event that "it's something that I'm certainly not proud of," attributing his behavior to "major issues" after returning from Iraq.
In prison, Damigo began to read works by far-right figures, including David Duke. He was also influenced by J. Philippe Rushton and Nicholas Wade. After being released from prison in 2014, Damigo led the National Youth Front, the youth wing of the American Freedom Party. The group was classified as a hate group by the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) and Anti-Defamation League, with the SPLC reporting that it was founded by "racist Southern California skinheads that aims to deport immigrants and return the United States to white rule." The National Youth Front later disbanded. Damigo founded Identity Evropa in March 2016. His activities with "racist organizations" has been disavowed by his father.
In the aftermath of the Unite the Right rally, the leadership position passed onto Elliot Kline, aka Eli Mosley. The group participated in the planning for the October 19, 2017 speech by Richard B. Spencer, a white supremacist, at the University of Florida, where Mosley also spoke. In addition to Spencer and Mosley, the speakers included Mike Enoch, a white nationalist blogger. The event drew about 2,500 protesters, vastly outnumbering Spencer's supporters.
Re-branding as "American Identity Movement"
In March 2019, the non-profit left-wing media collective Unicorn Riot released more than 770,000 messages leaked from Discord channels related to the group. The leaks had been published on the "Discord Leaks platform" established by Unicorn Riot. Within the leaked chat logs, members of the groups are discovered to have laid out plans to "infiltrate" local Republican parties and win public offices, plans to influence local media to garner positive coverage, as well as plans for rebranding the group's racism and antisemitism with the "identitarian" label and innocuous-sounding slogans such as "Make America Beautiful Again". The Southern Poverty Law Center commented that the group's rebrands "offers further cover to smuggle white nationalist views into mainstream politics", and that its attempts to influence media for spreading propaganda and recruiting were "often successful". Shortly after the leak, Patrick Casey said that the group "has been retired" and announced the formation a new group, "American Identity Movement". The SPLC commented that the new group will continue Identity Evropa's efforts at "quietly working to normalize their ideas within the Republican Party." After the leak, Discord removed Identity Evropa chat channels from the platform. The group switched to Slack, but was again removed shortly. Zelle stated that they would investigate and remove associated accounts, after journalists informed the platform that Identity Evropa was using it to raise funds. Legal documents filed to the Arizona Corporation Commission under the AIM front group "Foundation for American Society" was found to have used Identity Evropa's email address.
The leak of Identity Evropa's Discord messages led to journalists and antifascist activists exposing the identities of many of its members. Following the leak, an investigation by HuffPost reported that seven Identity Evropa members were also currently serving in the U.S. armed forces and were actively disseminating Identity Evropa materials in their communities. According to military spokespersons, several of them were being investigated by their military branches. A Chesterfield County Police officer in Virginia who was working as a school resource officer at a local high school was also identified as a pledge coordinator for Identity Evropa. The officer was suspended from his position, and the Chesterfield police chief began the process for him to be fired per state law. In April 2019, a teacher at Valley Christian School near San Jose, California was placed on paid leave while the school investigated allegations he was a member of the group, based on leaked chat logs. In the same month, a master sergeant of the U.S. Air Force's 50th Space Wing was being investigated by the military as a possible member, again based on leaked chat logs. The sergeant had allegedly posted photographs of himself applying group stickers, holding banners, and painting Identity Evropa's logo on an underpass in Colorado Springs. Also in April, a 19-year-old National Guard recruit from Chaska, Minnesota and a member of the group, was recalled from basic training and investigated by the Minnesota National Guard.
In late April 2019, Unicorn Riot published several audio recordings of the group's weekly meetings. These audio recordings reveal that, despite Casey's claim that American Identity Movement is not a rebrand of Identity Evropa, the two are in fact the same group. Matthew Warner, the group's second-in-command, admitted in the recordings that Identity Evropa's membership list and dues payments directly carry over to the AIM, and reiterated that the group would only accept non-Jewish White Americans. After the Discord leak, the groups has used stricter vetting processes in an attempt to prevent future leaks, where members are required to make two Skype calls and one in-person meeting before being given "sensitive information" such as the location of the group's new headquarter in Washington D.C.. After the rebrand, Identity Evropa continued its attempts to coordinate its members to edit the group's Misplaced Pages page into more favorable terms. Leaders of the group expressed fear that the existing page for IE would simply be renamed into AIM, which would foil the groups's rebranding attempts. In the recordings, Casey urged members to rebrand their social media accounts as well, saying that the groups's new Americana aesthetic would help its members avoid being held accountable for their membership. Discussing the group's strategy, Casey said in the recordings that the group would appeal to the "boomer patriot crowd", and would ideally exploit political crises to seize control of the United States government, and replacing it with a white-only "identitarian" regime.
Fake Antifa Twitter account
In June 2020, during the George Floyd protests, Identity Evropa set up a false flag account on Twitter purporting to represent the antifascist movement antifa. The account urged violence, with comments such as "Tonight's the night, Comrades ... Tonight we say 'Fuck The City' and we move into the residential areas... the white hoods.... and we take what's ours." According to a spokesperson for Twitter, it was not the first time that Identity Evropa had created such fake accounts. Before the account was closed down by Twitter, it had been cited by United States law enforcement officials as an example of left-wing radicals attempting to foment violence. A comment on the account was re-posted on Instagram by Donald Trump Jr., who commented about antifa, "They're not even pretending anymore." John Cohen, a former senior Department of Homeland Security official, said, "Time and time again we have seen public figures, media personalities and even government officials amplifying disinformation and extremist rhetoric intended to inspire violence. ... A great step in deescalating the violence currently facing the Nation would be for this to end." Facebook also took action against supposed antifa accounts, and had prevented the Twitter postings from being distributed on its platform.
In 2017, Data & Society, a non-profit research organization, documented how fake antifa accounts are used to damage the movement, writing, "Various white supremacist groups have consistently tried to damage Antifa's reputation in the media by 'doxing' protesters (releasing their personal information) or impersonating them online ... Throughout 2017, right-wing manipulators utilized parody to discredit Antifa, taking advantage of available Twitter handles and public confusion about the organization and their motives."
Views
Identity Evropa is a neo-Nazi and white supremacist group; the organization espouses white supremacist and white separatist views. The group endorses racial segregation. It "bills itself as a 'generation of awakened Europeans' who 'oppose those who would defame our history and rich cultural heritage'". Damigo describes it as "an identitarian organization" and says that the group's aim is to "act as a fifth column, over time shifting the edifice of our political establishment" in favor of what he describes as "pro-white" interests. Identity Evropa's spokesman and director of administration, Reinhard Wolff, states that Identity Evropa is engaged in a "culture war" in an effort to create a "90 percent white" America.
The white supremacist slogan "You will not replace us" originated from the group, according to the Anti-Defamation League, after Damigo and other members of Identity Evropa appeared on camera chanting the words during LaBeouf, Rönkkö & Turner's HEWILLNOTDIVIDE.US project at New York's Museum of the Moving Image in February 2017.
Identity Evropa excludes Jews from membership because Damigo regards Jews as non-white. Only those "of European, non-Semitic heritage" may join the group. Damigo claims that "Jewish power, Jewish influence" has "been extraordinarily negative for people of European heritage". He has refused to say whether he acknowledges the Holocaust.
The Anti-Defamation League has labeled Identity Evropa a white supremacist group, and the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC), which tracks extremist groups in the United States, has designated it as a hate group. Their campus-centric advertising posters depict photos of classical Greek sculptures of men overlaid with various short slogans which urge whites to embrace cultural elitism. Mark Potok, a senior fellow at the SPLC, states, "Identity Evropa is merely the latest iteration of the white-supremacist movement. Although you might think, based on their propaganda, that they're all about Plato and Aristotle and Socrates, in fact they're merely a gussied-up version of the Klan." Anna North, writing in The New York Times, states that the group promotes racism under the guise of white racial pride and cultural identity for those who are of European ancestry.
Activities
In December 2016, the group had roughly 200 members. In a February 2017 interview, Damigo claimed a membership of 300. The group has distributed fliers on dozens of college campuses including the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, Lynchburg College, Liberty University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, UCLA, San Diego State University, University of California, San Diego, Penn State, Ohio State, and the University of Washington. According to an ADL count, Identity Evropa was by far the most active white supremacist group on college campuses in 2017, responsible for 158 of the 346 incidents nationwide of the posting of white supremacist propaganda fliers. These fliers typically show photos of classical and neoclassical sculpture. According to art critic Ben Davis, the random use of dissimilar photos demonstrates a poor understanding of European culture and art history.
At Ohio State, the group has considered seeking recognized student organization status. The group's "#ProjectSiege" aims to "siege" college campuses with literature in order to combat what Damigo describes as a "false anti-white narrative" by professors, whom Damigo calls "charlatans."
In late 2016, Damigo and Identity Evropa members traveled to Washington, D.C., for a post-election conference hosted by the white supremacist National Policy Institute, at which keynote speaker Richard B. Spencer and several other attendees rendered a Nazi salute.
During the 2017 Berkeley protests, Damigo punched a young woman, captured on video that subsequently went viral. Footage showed Damigo punching the woman in the face, then running away into the crowd. The attack prompted calls for Damigo's arrest or expulsion from Cal State Stanislaus, where he is a student; the university subsequently said that it was investigating Damigo.
Damigo has been identified as a leader in the August 2017 Unite the Right rally. A news source that has interviewed him states that "Damigo has made these rallies a key driver for recruiting new members of the group". Additionally, Peter Cvjetanovic, one of the members of Identity Evropa, was dubbed as the "angry torch guy" in the Unite the Right rally.
On July 28, 2018, around 45 members of Identity Evropa, some dressed as construction workers, demonstrated outside the Mexican consulate in Manhattan, New York City, holding large letters that spelled out "Build the Wall". The government of Mexico said it had written a diplomatic note to the State Department protesting the incident. Later that day, a group of several dozen Identity Evropa members hung a banner in Fort Tryon Park in Upper Manhattan. The banner, which said "Stop the invasion, end immigration", overlooked the Henry Hudson Parkway. The response of the Washington Heights and Inwood communities was to hold a "vigil against hate" at the same site on July 31.
On February 9, 2019, eleven Identity Evropa members went to the University of Utah's Block U carrying colored smoke flares and a banner that read, "End immigration!" Patrick Casey stated that the action was in response to the University's condemning of the organization earlier in the year, after it had posted stickers around the campus. Police were called, but the members left before they arrived.
On April 27, 2019, hours after the Poway synagogue shooting in California, around ten members of Identity Evropa disrupted a book discussion event at the Politics and Prose bookstore at Washington D.C. The book discussed at the event was Dying of Whiteness: How the Politics of Racial Resentment is Killing America's Heartland, by Jonathan Metzl, which discusses how working class white Americans who were attracted by the Trump administration's promises end up having a greater risk of illness and a shorter life expectancy as a result of its policies. Members of the group interrupted Metzl's speech using a bullhorn, said "You would have the white working class trade their homeland for handouts. But we, as nationalists and identitarians, can offer the workers of this country a homeland, their birthright, in addition to health care, good jobs and so forth.", and chanted "This land is our land" while walking through the bookstore, before exiting ten minutes later. Washington D.C. mayor, Muriel Bowser, condemned the Poway shooting and the bookstore disruption in a tweet, denouncing the former as "horrific act of hate and antisemitism" and the latter as "ignorance and hate".
The 2019 leaks also disclosed that the organizations were targeting college conservatives, attempting to convert them to their ideology.
Dissolution
Casey announced the dissolution of American Identity Movement (AIM) in a statement posted online on November 2, 2020.
See also
- Christian Identity
- Ghost skin
- List of neo-Nazi organizations
- List of organizations designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as hate groups
- Neo-nationalism
- White genocide conspiracy theory
References
Notes
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But not that long ago, in spring of this year, Mosley a/k/a Kline wasn't shy about the bigotry in his polemics whatsoever. In a report for Andrew Anglin's Daily Stormer about a pro-Trump demonstration in March, Mosley wrote, "In Philadelphia, the city of faggotry love, played out an alliance between the Nazi led marchers and local police departments against their oven-dodging enemies… Spoiler, the Nazis won bigly." He continues, "This is a sign that we have moved into a new era in the Nazification of America. Normie Trump supporters are becoming racially aware and Jew Wise."
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Further reading
- Cott, Emma (February 5, 2018). "How Our Reporter Uncovered a Lie That Propelled an Alt-Right Extremist's Rise". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 6, 2018. Retrieved 2019-04-28.
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