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{{short description|Not-for-profit advocacy group}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Primary sources|date=October 2021}}
{{Notability|Org|date=October 2021}}
}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2018}} {{Use British English|date=February 2018}}
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'''Positive Money''' is a UK based ] organisation which campaigns “for a money and banking system that supports a fair, sustainable and democratic economy."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://positivemoney.org/|title=Making money and banking work for society|website=positivemoney.org|access-date=2018-03-01}}</ref><ref>Jason Douglas, , '']'', 19 August 2015 (page visited on 23 February 2018).</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Glaser|first1=Eliane|title=Nation-states aren't households: debating their economies as if they are is stupid|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/03/nation-states-arent-households-debating-their-economies-if-they-are-stupid|publisher=New Statesman}}</ref><ref name=Hickel>Jason Hickel, , '']'', 5 November 2016 (page visited on 23 February 2018).</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Chrispin|first1=Sebastian|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2015-32592671|publisher=BBC|title=Reality Check: Could the Greens change how money works?}}{{dead link|date=February 2018}}</ref> '''Positive Money UK''' is a ] ] based in London and Brussels.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://positivemoney.org/|title=Making money and banking work for society|website=positivemoney.org|access-date=2018-03-01}}</ref><ref>Jason Douglas, , '']'', 19 August 2015 (page visited on 23 February 2018).</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/03/nation-states-arent-households-debating-their-economies-if-they-are-stupid|title=Nation-states aren't households: debating their economies as if they are is stupid|last1=Glaser|first1=Eliane|magazine=New Statesman}}</ref> Positive Money's mission is to promote various reforms of central banks and alternative monetary policy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://positivemoney.org/about/our-vision/|title=Our vision - Positive Money|website=positivemoney.org|access-date=2018-09-28}}</ref> Its current executive director is geophysicist Fran Boait.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://diievents.dii.eu/finance-summit/speaker/fran-boait/|title=Finance Summit 2022|date=5 November 2020}}</ref>


== History ==
Positive Money was founded by Ben Dyson in 2010, after reading the book ''The Grip of Death: A Study of Modern Money, Debt Slavery, and Destructive Economics'' by ].<ref name=LRD>{{fr}} "Monnaie pleine : une opportunité en Suisse pour changer la monnaie" , ''La revue durable'', number 60, winter-spring 2017-2018, pages 26-29.</ref>
Positive Money was founded in London by Ben Dyson in 2010<ref name="LRD2">{{in lang|fr}} "Monnaie pleine : une opportunité en Suisse pour changer la monnaie" , ''La revue durable'', number 60, winter-spring 2017-2018, pages 26-29.</ref> as a response to the ]. In its early years, Positive Money focused its efforts in advocating for a fundamental reform of the United Kingdom's monetary system.


In 2013, ] became executive director of Positive money. Under Boait's leadership, the organisation somehow broadened its scope and diversified its range of proposals, by including more pragmatic steps such as digital currency, and various forms of monetary financing proposals such as "]" or "]", and "]". Positive Money also adopted new tactics such as rallies in front of the Bank of England<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-09-14|title=Impact of the financial crash on UK households: Most homes lost £23,000|language=en-US|work=Compelo - latest news, features and insight on influencers and innovators within business|url=https://www.compelo.com/average-household-after-financial-crash/|url-status=dead|access-date=2018-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928161307/https://www.compelo.com/average-household-after-financial-crash/|archive-date=28 September 2018}}</ref> and petitioning. In 2013, Positive Money initiated the International Movement for Monetary Reform, a worldwide network of likeminded organisations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://internationalmoneyreform.org/members/europe/uk-positive-money/|title=UK - Positive Money}}</ref>
== Context and history ==


In 2015, Positive money started its international expansion by launching a Eurozone-wide campaign on "Quantitative Easing for the People".<ref>{{Cite news|title=E.C.B. Expected to Expand Eurozone Stimulus, as Questions of Effects Remain|work=The New York Times |date=2 December 2015 |language=en|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/03/business/international/ecb-expected-to-expand-stimulus-as-questions-of-effects-remain.html|access-date=2018-09-28|last1=Ewing |first1=Jack }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=La planche à billets pour tous|language=fr|work=Alternatives Economiques|url=https://www.alternatives-economiques.fr/planche-a-billets/00082408|access-date=2018-09-28}}</ref> Positive money registered as a lobby group in the EU institutions in Brussels<ref>{{Cite web|title=Positive Money Europe (PMEU) {{!}} LobbyFacts Database|url=https://lobbyfacts.eu/representative/7ea6e0b07590486a8b8069a801d51c3b/positive-money-europe|access-date=2021-04-02|website=lobbyfacts.eu|language=en}}</ref> and in 2018 it formally created Positive Money Europe<ref>{{Cite web|last=Positive Money Europe|date=2018-06-23|title=Launch event: Time to Rethink the European Central Bank?|url=https://www.positivemoney.eu/2018/06/launch-conference-highlights-videos/|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-08-02|website=Positive Money Europe|language=en-GB}}</ref> to operate the group's campaigns towards the ] and the European Parliament. In December 2019, Positive Money Europe was able to meet with the ECB President ]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Positive Money Europe|date=2019-12-04|title=Christine Lagarde meets with Positive Money Europe|url=https://www.positivemoney.eu/2019/12/meeting-ecb-president-christine-lagarde/|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-11-25|website=Positive Money Europe|language=en-GB}}</ref> and its work has been praised by former ECB's chief economist ].<ref>“''By stimulating debates on money and banking within civil society, Positive Money Europe has pioneered open-minded thinking on monetary policy.''" testimonial by Peter Praet in .</ref>
In August 2016, members of the group gathered in front of the ] to protest against ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-08-17/bank-of-england-told-bond-buying-won-t-work-as-protesters-gather|title=Bank of England Told Bond-Buying Won’t Work by Protest Group|last=Hamilton|first=Scott|date=|website=Bloomberg.com|publisher=|access-date=2016-08-17}}</ref>


In 2016 Positive money founder Ben Dyson joined the ] as a researcher, and he continued to work on ].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Meaning|first1=Jack|last2=Dyson|first2=Ben|last3=Barker|first3=James|last4=Clayton|first4=Emily|date=2018|title=Broadening Narrow Money: Monetary Policy with a Central Bank Digital Currency|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3180720|journal=SSRN Electronic Journal|doi=10.2139/ssrn.3180720|s2cid=158676984|issn=1556-5068}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=BankUnderground|date=2018-05-30|title=Would a Central Bank Digital Currency disrupt monetary policy?|url=https://bankunderground.co.uk/2018/05/30/would-a-central-bank-digital-currency-disrupt-monetary-policy/|access-date=2021-04-02|website=Bank Underground|language=en-US}}</ref>
== Policy ideas and proposals ==


Early 2021, Positive money won a major victory with the announcement that the Bank of England would be given the remit to green its corporate quantitative easing programme.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Reporter|first=Financial|title=Bank of England instructed to align monetary policy with net zero target|url=https://www.financialreporter.co.uk/finance-news/bank-of-england-instructed-to-align-monetary-policy-with-net-zero-target.html|access-date=2021-04-02|website=Financial Reporter|language=en}}</ref>
Positive Money advocates a single proposal (the "sovereign money" plan<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://positivemoney.org/our-proposals/sovereign-money-introduction/|title=Sovereign Money: An Introduction - Positive Money|website=positivemoney.org|access-date=2017-11-12}}</ref><ref name=Eckert/>), it has put forward the plan as ] or "] for the people"<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://positivemoney.org/2016/04/our-new-guide-to-public-money-creation/|title=A Guide to Public Money Creation: Outlining the Alternatives to Quantitative Easing - Positive Money|website=positivemoney.org|access-date=2017-11-12}}</ref><ref>Ben Dyson, , '']'', 6 February 2014 (page visited on 23 February 2018).</ref>


==Proposals==
Their proposals have been discussed in the parliament<ref>{{cite web|title=Oral Answers to Questions|url=http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201415/cmhansrd/cm141120/debtext/141120-0001.htm|publisher=Hansard}}</ref> and they were instrumental in organising the first debate in parliament on money creation for 170 years.<ref>{{cite web|title=Understanding the Money Creation and Society Debate|last1=Baker|first1=Steve|url=http://www.stevebaker.info/2014/11/understanding-the-money-creation-and-society-debate/}}</ref>


== See also == === Sovereign money ===
Positive Money's historical backbone proposal is to introduce a "sovereign money system".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sovereign Money: An Introduction - Positive Money|url=http://positivemoney.org/our-proposals/sovereign-money-introduction/|access-date=2017-11-12|website=positivemoney.org}}</ref><ref name="Eckert2">{{in lang|de}} Daniel Eckert, , '']'', 12 January 2014 (page visited on 23 February 2018).</ref> Under such a reform, private banks would be deprived from their ability to create money by extending credit into the economy. In turn, the ] would regain the monopoly over ], by financing the government's budget (]) or distributing a citizens' dividend ("]").<ref>{{Cite web|date=30 April 2019|title=Interview with Stanislas Jourdan|url=https://www.greeneuropeanjournal.eu/the-future-of-money-as-an-institution/|access-date=2022-01-18|website=Green European Journal|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/03/nation-states-arent-households-debating-their-economies-if-they-are-stupid|title=Nation-states aren't households: debating their economies as if they are is stupid|last1=Glaser|first1=Eliane|magazine=New Statesman}}</ref> The group however refutes any affiliation with ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://positivemoney.org/about/our-vision/|title=Our vision - Positive Money|website=positivemoney.org|access-date=2018-09-28}}</ref>
* '']''

* ]
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Although Positive Money's proposal is similar to ] or ], it differs in the sense that it would merge bank deposits and central bank money. As explained by former Positive Money researcher Frank van Lerven, "Under a Sovereign Money system, there is no longer a split circulation of money, just one integrated quantity of money circulating among banks and non-banks alike."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://positivemoney.org/2017/04/sovereign-money-is-not-full-reserve-banking/|title=Setting the record straight: Sovereign Money is not Full-Reserve Banking - Positive Money|website=positivemoney.org|date=27 April 2017|access-date=2018-09-28}}</ref> According to former ECB Vice-president ], Positive Money's proposal "would not create enough funding for investment and growth."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Constancio|first=Vitor|title=Challenges for the European banking industry|url=https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/key/date/2016/html/sp160707_1.en.html|access-date=2018-09-28|website=European Central Bank|date=7 July 2016|language=en}}</ref>

=== Other proposals ===
Over the years, Positive Money has broadened its agenda towards somewhat more short-term proposals such as:
* '''Fiscal-monetary cooperation:''' the organisation proposes various ways to channel money created by central banks towards public spending and investment.
* '''Reforming the governance and accountability frameworks''' of the Bank of England<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.euronews.com/2019/10/22/boe-reform-needed-to-boost-firepower-for-downturns-think-tank-says|title=BoE reform needed to boost firepower for downturns, think tank says|date=2019-10-22|website=euronews|language=en|access-date=2019-11-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://positivemoney.org/2018/06/diversity-bank-of-england-matters/|title=Why diversity at the Bank of England matters - Positive Money|website=positivemoney.org|date=14 June 2018|access-date=2018-09-28}}</ref> and of the European Central Bank.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-04-09/ecb-needs-more-scrutiny-from-european-parliament-report-says|title=ECB Needs More Scrutiny From European Parliament, Report Says|last=|first=|date=9 April 2019|newspaper=Bloomberg.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-11-11}}</ref>
* '''Greening monetary policy:''' Aligning monetary policy with climate change objectives<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/e19a1f90-5792-11e8-b8b2-d6ceb45fa9d0|title=Bank of England urged to focus on green objectives|website=Financial Times|date=14 May 2018|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-09-28|last1=Strauss|first1=Delphine}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2015-32592671|title=Reality Check: Could the Greens change how money works?|last1=Chrispin|first1=Sebastian|publisher=BBC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130072041/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2015-32592671|archivedate=30 November 2016|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="Hickel2">], , '']'', 5 November 2016 (page visited on 23 February 2018).</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-12|title=Climat : le Parlement européen encourage la BCE à faire sa révolution|url=https://www.lesechos.fr/finance-marches/banque-assurances/climat-le-parlement-europeen-encourage-la-bce-a-faire-sa-revolution-1171123|access-date=2020-11-25|website=Les Echos|language=fr}}</ref> though reforms of central bank's ] or forms of ] such as green TLTROs.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-09-22|title=ECB Encouraged to Create New Green Bank-Lending Program|language=en|work=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-09-22/ecb-encouraged-to-create-new-green-bank-lending-program|access-date=2020-11-25}}</ref><ref>Fabrice Anselmi, , L'Agefi.fr</ref>
* '''Digital currency:''' the organisation propose implementing a ]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://positivemoney.org/publications/digital-cash/|title=Digital Cash: Why central banks should issue digital currency|website=positivemoney.org|access-date=2018-09-28}}</ref> in the UK and supports the introduction of a ] by the ECB.

==See also==
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==References== ==References==
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==External links== ==External links==
* * {{Official website|http://www.positivemoney.org}}
* *
* *
* *


{{Portal bar|Business and economics|United Kingdom}} {{Portal bar|Money|Banks|Business and economics|United Kingdom}}


] ]
]
] ]
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]

Latest revision as of 00:07, 5 October 2023

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Positive Money UK
Formation2010; 15 years ago (2010)
TypeNon-governmental organisation
Legal statusCompany limited by guarantee
HeadquartersLondon, United Kingdom
Executive DirectorFran Boait
Chair of the BoardSian Williams
Key peopleBen Dyson (founder)
AffiliationsFinance Watch
Budget480,000 GBP (2019)
Staff10 (2020)
Websitewww.positivemoney.org

Positive Money UK is a not-for-profit advocacy group based in London and Brussels. Positive Money's mission is to promote various reforms of central banks and alternative monetary policy. Its current executive director is geophysicist Fran Boait.

History

Positive Money was founded in London by Ben Dyson in 2010 as a response to the global financial crisis of 2007-2008. In its early years, Positive Money focused its efforts in advocating for a fundamental reform of the United Kingdom's monetary system.

In 2013, Fran Boait became executive director of Positive money. Under Boait's leadership, the organisation somehow broadened its scope and diversified its range of proposals, by including more pragmatic steps such as digital currency, and various forms of monetary financing proposals such as "People's QE" or "helicopter money", and "green quantitative easing". Positive Money also adopted new tactics such as rallies in front of the Bank of England and petitioning. In 2013, Positive Money initiated the International Movement for Monetary Reform, a worldwide network of likeminded organisations.

In 2015, Positive money started its international expansion by launching a Eurozone-wide campaign on "Quantitative Easing for the People". Positive money registered as a lobby group in the EU institutions in Brussels and in 2018 it formally created Positive Money Europe to operate the group's campaigns towards the European Central Bank and the European Parliament. In December 2019, Positive Money Europe was able to meet with the ECB President Christine Lagarde and its work has been praised by former ECB's chief economist Peter Praet.

In 2016 Positive money founder Ben Dyson joined the Bank of England as a researcher, and he continued to work on Central Bank Digital Currency.

Early 2021, Positive money won a major victory with the announcement that the Bank of England would be given the remit to green its corporate quantitative easing programme.

Proposals

Sovereign money

Positive Money's historical backbone proposal is to introduce a "sovereign money system". Under such a reform, private banks would be deprived from their ability to create money by extending credit into the economy. In turn, the Bank of England would regain the monopoly over money creation, by financing the government's budget (monetary financing) or distributing a citizens' dividend ("helicopter money"). The group however refutes any affiliation with Modern Monetary Theory.

Positive Money Europe
Formation2018; 7 years ago (2018)
TypeNon-governmental organisation
Legal statusASBL
HeadquartersBrussels, Belgium
Executive DirectorVicky Van Eyck
Chair of the BoardFran Boait
Budget140,000 EUR (2019)
Staff7 (2020)
Websitewww.positivemoney.eu

Although Positive Money's proposal is similar to full-reserve banking or narrow banking, it differs in the sense that it would merge bank deposits and central bank money. As explained by former Positive Money researcher Frank van Lerven, "Under a Sovereign Money system, there is no longer a split circulation of money, just one integrated quantity of money circulating among banks and non-banks alike." According to former ECB Vice-president Vitor Constancio, Positive Money's proposal "would not create enough funding for investment and growth."

Other proposals

Over the years, Positive Money has broadened its agenda towards somewhat more short-term proposals such as:

  • Fiscal-monetary cooperation: the organisation proposes various ways to channel money created by central banks towards public spending and investment.
  • Reforming the governance and accountability frameworks of the Bank of England and of the European Central Bank.
  • Greening monetary policy: Aligning monetary policy with climate change objectives though reforms of central bank's collateral framework or forms of credit guidance such as green TLTROs.
  • Digital currency: the organisation propose implementing a central bank digital currency in the UK and supports the introduction of a digital euro by the ECB.

See also

References

  1. Fran Boait, "Monetary policy has an enormous impact on politics. It's time for a radical rethink", The Guardian, 12 October 2016 (page visited on 23 February 2018).
  2. "Making money and banking work for society". positivemoney.org. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
  3. Jason Douglas, "UK activist group emerges as voice for monetary reform", The Wall Street Journal, 19 August 2015 (page visited on 23 February 2018).
  4. Glaser, Eliane. "Nation-states aren't households: debating their economies as if they are is stupid". New Statesman.
  5. "Our vision - Positive Money". positivemoney.org. Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  6. "Finance Summit 2022". 5 November 2020.
  7. (in French) "Monnaie pleine : une opportunité en Suisse pour changer la monnaie" , La revue durable, number 60, winter-spring 2017-2018, pages 26-29.
  8. "Impact of the financial crash on UK households: Most homes lost £23,000". Compelo - latest news, features and insight on influencers and innovators within business. 14 September 2018. Archived from the original on 28 September 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  9. "UK - Positive Money".
  10. Ewing, Jack (2 December 2015). "E.C.B. Expected to Expand Eurozone Stimulus, as Questions of Effects Remain". The New York Times. Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  11. "La planche à billets pour tous". Alternatives Economiques (in French). Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  12. "Positive Money Europe (PMEU) | LobbyFacts Database". lobbyfacts.eu. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  13. Positive Money Europe (23 June 2018). "Launch event: Time to Rethink the European Central Bank?". Positive Money Europe. Retrieved 2 August 2020.
  14. Positive Money Europe (4 December 2019). "Christine Lagarde meets with Positive Money Europe". Positive Money Europe. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  15. “By stimulating debates on money and banking within civil society, Positive Money Europe has pioneered open-minded thinking on monetary policy." testimonial by Peter Praet in Positive Money Europe's annual report for 2019.
  16. Meaning, Jack; Dyson, Ben; Barker, James; Clayton, Emily (2018). "Broadening Narrow Money: Monetary Policy with a Central Bank Digital Currency". SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3180720. ISSN 1556-5068. S2CID 158676984.
  17. BankUnderground (30 May 2018). "Would a Central Bank Digital Currency disrupt monetary policy?". Bank Underground. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  18. Reporter, Financial. "Bank of England instructed to align monetary policy with net zero target". Financial Reporter. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  19. "Sovereign Money: An Introduction - Positive Money". positivemoney.org. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  20. (in German) Daniel Eckert, "Der Krieg um das sichere Geld der Zukunft", Die Welt, 12 January 2014 (page visited on 23 February 2018).
  21. "Interview with Stanislas Jourdan". Green European Journal. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
  22. Glaser, Eliane. "Nation-states aren't households: debating their economies as if they are is stupid". New Statesman.
  23. "Our vision - Positive Money". positivemoney.org. Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  24. "Setting the record straight: Sovereign Money is not Full-Reserve Banking - Positive Money". positivemoney.org. 27 April 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  25. Constancio, Vitor (7 July 2016). "Challenges for the European banking industry". European Central Bank. Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  26. "BoE reform needed to boost firepower for downturns, think tank says". euronews. 22 October 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  27. "Why diversity at the Bank of England matters - Positive Money". positivemoney.org. 14 June 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  28. "ECB Needs More Scrutiny From European Parliament, Report Says". Bloomberg.com. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  29. Strauss, Delphine (14 May 2018). "Bank of England urged to focus on green objectives". Financial Times. Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  30. Chrispin, Sebastian. "Reality Check: Could the Greens change how money works?". BBC. Archived from the original on 30 November 2016.
  31. Jason Hickel, "To deal with climate change we need a new financial system", The Guardian, 5 November 2016 (page visited on 23 February 2018).
  32. "Climat : le Parlement européen encourage la BCE à faire sa révolution". Les Echos (in French). 12 February 2020. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  33. "ECB Encouraged to Create New Green Bank-Lending Program". Bloomberg.com. 22 September 2020. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  34. Fabrice Anselmi, La fin des TLTRO pourrait préfigurer des opérations de «refinancements verts», L'Agefi.fr
  35. "Digital Cash: Why central banks should issue digital currency". positivemoney.org. Retrieved 28 September 2018.

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