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{{Short description|Soviet composer and conductor (1900–1955)}}
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'''Isaak Osipovich Dunayevsky''' also '''Dunaevsky''' or '''Dunaevski''' ({{lang-ru|'''Исаак Осипович Дунаевский'''}}; {{OldStyleDate|30 January|1900|18 January}} Lokhvitsa, Poltava - ] ], ]) was a ] ] and conductor, who specialized in "light music" for ] and film comedies, frequently working with the film director ].

'''Isaak Osipovich Dunayevsky''' ({{langx|ru|Исаак Осипович Дунаевский}} {{Audio|Ru-Isaak Osipovich Dunayevsky.ogg|listen}}; also ] as '''Dunaevski''' or '''Dunaevskiy'''; {{OldStyleDate|30 January|1900|18&nbsp;January}}{{spaced ndash}}25 July 1955) was a ] film composer and conductor of the 1930s and 1940s, who composed music for ] and film comedies, frequently working with the film director ].<ref>{{cite book|title=The BFI Companion to Eastern European and Russian Cinema|page=1937|author=Richard Taylor, Nancy Wood, Julian Graffy, Dina Iordanova|publisher=Bloomsbury|isbn=978-1838718497|date=2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Historical Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Cinema|author=Peter Rollberg|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|year=2009|place=US|isbn=978-0-8108-6072-8|pages=197–199}}</ref>


==Biography== ==Biography==
], ], ] and artist I.M.Moskvin]]


Dunayevsky studied at the ] Musical School in ] where he studied ] under ] (1886-1943). During this period he started to study the theory of music under ] (]-]). He graduated in 1919 from the ] Conservatory. At first he was a violinist, the leader of the orchestra in Kharkiv. Then he started a conducting career. In 1924 he went to Moscow to run the Theatre Hermitage. After that he worked in ] (]-]) as a director and conductor of the "Music-Hall" (1929-1934) and then moved to Moscow to work on his operettas and film music. Dunayevsky was born to a ] family in ] in the ] of the ] (now ], ], ]) in 1900. He studied at the ] Musical School in 1910 where he studied ] under ] and ]. During this period he started to study the theory of music under ] (1890–1960). He graduated in 1919 from the ]. At first he was a violinist, the leader of the orchestra in Kharkov. Then he started a conducting career. In 1924 he went to ] to run the Theatre Hermitage. In 1929 he worked for the first time for a music hall ("To the icy place") with the ]. Later, he worked in ] (1929–1941) as a director and conductor of the ] (1929–34), and then moved to Moscow to work on his own operettas and film music.


Dunayevsky wrote 14 operettas, 3 ballets, 3 cantatas, 80 choruses, 80 songs and romances, music for 88 plays and 42 films, 43 compositions for light music orchestra and 12 for jazz orchestra, 17 ]s, 52 compositions for symphony orchestra and 47 piano compositions and a string quartet.
He was named a ] (]) and was awarded the ] (twice in ], ]), two orders, and many medals (for instance, the Order of the Red Labour Banner, the Order of the Red Star, and the Badge of Honour).


He was one of the first composers in the ] to start using ]. He wrote the music for three of the most important films of the pre-war Stalinist era, '']'', '']'' and the film said to be Stalin's favorite film '']'', all directed by ].
His brother Semyon (1906-?) was a conductor, another brother Zinovy (]-]) was a composer.


In a reply to the British book ''The World of Music'', he listed the following as his chief works: ''The Golden Valley'' operetta (1937), ''The Free Wind'' operetta (1947), and music to the films ''Circus'' (1935) and ''The Kuban Cossacks'' (1949).
Dunayevsky was married twice. He had a son Yevgeny *b. 1932) by his wife Zinaida Sudeikina, and another son Maksim (b. 1945) by his lover, the ballerina Zoya Pashkova. Maksim was also a well-known composer, and continues the traditions of his father in musicals and operettas.


He died of a heart attack. There were many rumours about his possible suicide, though this has been denied by his son Maxim and some of his biographers. He died of a heart attack in Moscow in 1955. His last piece, the operetta ''White Acacia'' (1955), was left unfinished at his death. It was completed by Kirill Molchanov and staged on 15 November 1955, in Moscow.


A previously unknown opera libretto ''Rachel'' (1943) by ], was later found in his archive. The libretto was based on ]'s '']'' and was published in a book by ] (see references and links below).
His last piece, the operetta "White Acacia" (1955), was left unfinished at his death, and it was completed by Kirill Molchanov and staged on ], ], in Moscow.


A book of his essays and memoirs was published in 1961.
An previously unknown opera libretto "Rachel" (1943) by Mikhail Bulgakov, was later found in his archive. The libretto was based on ]’s ]. Published in a book by Naum Shafer (see references and links below).


==Honors==
A book of his essays and memoires was published after his death, in ].
Dunayevsky was named a ] in 1950. He was twice awarded the ] (1941, 1951) and received two orders and many medals (including ], ], and ]).


==Legacy== ==Family==
His brother Semyon (1906–1986) was a conductor; another brother, Zinovy (1908–1981), was a composer.
He wrote 14 operettas, 3 ballets, 3 cantatas, 80 choruses, 80 songs and romances, music for 88 plays and 42 films, 43 compositions for light music orchestra and 12 for jazz orchestra, 17 ]s, 52 compositions for symphony orchestra and 47 piano compositions and a string quartet.


Dunayevsky was married once. He had a son Yevgeny (b. 1932) by his wife Zinaida Sudeikina, and another son ] (b. 1945) by his lover, the ballerina Zoya Pashkova (1922—30.01.1991).<ref>{{cite web |title=Zoia Pashkova Biography |url=https://www.kino-teatr.ru/teatr/acter/w/sov/398137/bio/ |website=kino-teatr.ru |location=Russia |language=Russian}}</ref> Maksim is also a well-known composer.
He was one of the first composers in the ] to start using ]. His music was accessible to the masses, with melodious and memorable tunes that secured his success.


The American journalist ] is a descendent of the composer.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/arts-letters/articles/yevgeniy-fiks-gay-communist-yiddish-utopia | title=Yevgeniy Fiks' Gay, Communist, Yiddish Utopia | date=4 December 2018 }}</ref>
In a reply to the British book ''The World of Music'', he listed the following as his chief works: ''The Golden Valley'' operetta (]), ''The Free Wind'' operetta (]), music to the film "Circus" (]), and music to the film "The Kuban Cossacks" (]).

The American drag performer ] (Andrew Dunayevskiy), who appeared on ] of ], is a distant relative of Dunayevsky.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5wnqlALePk |title=Plane Jane and Lieutenant Brigadier General Cuhntalina Badussy with Katya {{!}} The Bald & the Beautiful |language=en |access-date=2024-04-09 |via=www.youtube.com}}</ref>


==Works== ==Works==
*"The Tranquillity of the Faun", ballet (]) *''The Tranquillity of the Faun'', ballet (1924)
*"Murzilka", ballet for children (1924) *''Murzilka'', ballet for children (1924)
*"For Us and You", operetta (1924) *''For Us and You'', operetta (1924)
*"Bridegrooms", ("Женихи") operetta (]) *''Bridegrooms'' (''Женихи''), operetta (1926)
*"The Knives", ("Ножи") operetta (]) *''The Knives'' (''Ножи''), operetta (1928)
*"Polar Passions", operetta (]) *''To the icy place'', operetta (1929)
*"Million Langours", operetta (]) *''Million Langours'', operetta (1932)
*"]" ("Весёлые ребята") film music (]), including ] *'']'' (''Весёлые ребята''), film music (1934), including "]"
*"Three Friends" ("Три товарища") film music (]) *''Three Friends'' (''Три товарища''), film music (1935)
*"Circus" ("Цирк") film music (]) *'']'' (''Девушка спешит на свидание''), film music (1936)
*'']'' (''Искатели счастья''), film music (1936)
*"The Golden Valley" ("Золотая долина") operetta (])
*"Volga-Volga" ("Волга-Волга") film music (]) *'']'' (''Цирк''), film music (1936)
*'']'' (''Дети капитана Гранта''), film music (1936), including two songs and the famous orchestral overture
*"The Roads to Happiness", ("Дороги к счастью") operetta (])
*''The Golden Valley'' (''Золотая долина''), operetta (1937)
*"Moscow", suite for solovoices, chorus and orchestra (])
*'']'' (''Волга-Волга''), film music (1938)
*"The Wind of Liberty" ("Вольный ветер") operetta (])
*"The Son of the Clown" ("Сын клоуна") operetta (]) *''The Roads to Happiness'' (''Дороги к счастью''), operetta (1939)
*''My Love'' (''Моя любовь''). film music (1940)
*"Glory of the Railwaymen", cantata
*''Moscow'', suite for solo voices, chorus and orchestra (1941)
*"Our Homeland May Flourish!", cantata
*''The Wind of Liberty'' (''Вольный ветер''), operetta (1947)
*'']'' (''Кубанские казаки''), film music (1949)
*''The Son of the Clown'' (''Сын клоуна''), operetta (1950)
*''Glory of the Railwaymen'', cantata
*''Our Homeland May Flourish!'', cantata
*Ballet Suite for orchestra *Ballet Suite for orchestra
*Suite on Chinese themes for orchestra *''Suite on Chinese themes'', orchestra
*Rhapsody on Songs of the people of the Soviet Union for jazz orchestra *''Rhapsody on Songs of the people of the Soviet Union'', jazz orchestra
*"The Musicstore" for jazz orchestra *''The Music Store'', jazz orchestra
*String Quartet *String Quartet
*Music to the Film "Song of the Fatherland" *''Song of the Fatherland'', film music
*Requiem for narrator and quintet *''Requiem'', narrator and quintet
*Song of Stalin for chorus and orchestra *''Song of Stalin'', chorus and orchestra
*"White Acacia" ("Белая акация") operetta (], completed by Kirill Molchanov) *''White Acacia'' (''Белая акация''), operetta (1955, completed by ])
* ''Quiet, Everything Quiet'' (Тихо, всё тихо), the sign-off tune of the Soviet television until 1991.


Also: Also:
*Songs *Songs
*Pieces for chamber orchestra *Pieces for chamber orchestra
*Incidental music for theatre and cinema *] for theatre and cinema

==External links==
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==See also== ==See also==
* ]
*]: Isaak Dunayevsky, composer
*]: Isaak Dunayevsky: Music from the films ''Circus'' and ''Volga-Volga''
*]:Isaak Dunayevsky, author of numerous popular Soviet songs
*]: | 4306 Dunaevskij || {{mp|1976 SZ|5}} || Maxim Dunayevsky, Soviet composer* (probably a mistake?)
*]: (no reference?)
*]: ...and Soviet music&mdash;Anton Rubinstein and Isaak Dunayevsky;


==Bibliography== ==Bibliography==
*Kommissarskaya, M. Dunayevsky, the article in "Tvorcheskiye biografii Kompozitorov", Moscow, ] (in Russian) *Kommissarskaya, M Dunayevsky, the article in "Tvorcheskiye biografii Kompozitorov", Moscow, 1989 {{in lang|ru}}
*Shafer, Naum “Dunayevsky Today” Moscow, Sovetsky Kompozitor, ] (in Russian) *Shafer, Naum “Dunayevsky Today” Moscow, Sovetsky Kompozitor, 1988 {{in lang|ru}}

== References ==
<references/>

==External links==
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Latest revision as of 19:20, 23 December 2024

Soviet composer and conductor (1900–1955)
Isaak Dunayevsky

Isaak Osipovich Dunayevsky (Russian: Исаак Осипович Дунаевский listen; also transliterated as Dunaevski or Dunaevskiy; 30 January [O.S. 18 January] 1900 – 25 July 1955) was a Soviet film composer and conductor of the 1930s and 1940s, who composed music for operetta and film comedies, frequently working with the film director Grigori Aleksandrov.

Biography

Dunayevsky was born to a Jewish family in Lokhvytsia in the Poltava Governorate of the Russian Empire (now Myrhorod Raion, Poltava Oblast, Ukraine) in 1900. He studied at the Kharkiv Musical School in 1910 where he studied violin under Konstanty Gorski and Joseph Achron. During this period he started to study the theory of music under Semyon Bogatyrev (1890–1960). He graduated in 1919 from the Kharkiv National Kotlyarevsky University of Arts. At first he was a violinist, the leader of the orchestra in Kharkov. Then he started a conducting career. In 1924 he went to Moscow to run the Theatre Hermitage. In 1929 he worked for the first time for a music hall ("To the icy place") with the Moscow music hall. Later, he worked in Leningrad (1929–1941) as a director and conductor of the Saint Petersburg Music Hall (1929–34), and then moved to Moscow to work on his own operettas and film music.

Dunayevsky wrote 14 operettas, 3 ballets, 3 cantatas, 80 choruses, 80 songs and romances, music for 88 plays and 42 films, 43 compositions for light music orchestra and 12 for jazz orchestra, 17 melodeclamations, 52 compositions for symphony orchestra and 47 piano compositions and a string quartet.

He was one of the first composers in the Soviet Union to start using jazz. He wrote the music for three of the most important films of the pre-war Stalinist era, Jolly Fellows, Circus and the film said to be Stalin's favorite film Volga-Volga, all directed by Grigori Aleksandrov.

In a reply to the British book The World of Music, he listed the following as his chief works: The Golden Valley operetta (1937), The Free Wind operetta (1947), and music to the films Circus (1935) and The Kuban Cossacks (1949).

He died of a heart attack in Moscow in 1955. His last piece, the operetta White Acacia (1955), was left unfinished at his death. It was completed by Kirill Molchanov and staged on 15 November 1955, in Moscow.

A previously unknown opera libretto Rachel (1943) by Mikhail Bulgakov, was later found in his archive. The libretto was based on Guy de Maupassant's Mademoiselle Fifi and was published in a book by Naum Shafer (see references and links below).

A book of his essays and memoirs was published in 1961.

Honors

Dunayevsky was named a People's Artist of the RSFSR in 1950. He was twice awarded the Stalin Prize (1941, 1951) and received two orders and many medals (including Order of the Red Banner of Labour, Order of the Red Star, and Order of the Badge of Honour).

Family

His brother Semyon (1906–1986) was a conductor; another brother, Zinovy (1908–1981), was a composer.

Dunayevsky was married once. He had a son Yevgeny (b. 1932) by his wife Zinaida Sudeikina, and another son Maksim (b. 1945) by his lover, the ballerina Zoya Pashkova (1922—30.01.1991). Maksim is also a well-known composer.

The American journalist Vladislav Davidzon is a descendent of the composer.

The American drag performer Plane Jane (Andrew Dunayevskiy), who appeared on Season 16 of RuPaul's Drag Race, is a distant relative of Dunayevsky.

Works

  • The Tranquillity of the Faun, ballet (1924)
  • Murzilka, ballet for children (1924)
  • For Us and You, operetta (1924)
  • Bridegrooms (Женихи), operetta (1926)
  • The Knives (Ножи), operetta (1928)
  • To the icy place, operetta (1929)
  • Million Langours, operetta (1932)
  • Jolly Fellows (Весёлые ребята), film music (1934), including "Serdtse"
  • Three Friends (Три товарища), film music (1935)
  • Late for a Date (Девушка спешит на свидание), film music (1936)
  • Seekers of Happiness (Искатели счастья), film music (1936)
  • Circus (Цирк), film music (1936)
  • The Children of Captain Grant (Дети капитана Гранта), film music (1936), including two songs and the famous orchestral overture
  • The Golden Valley (Золотая долина), operetta (1937)
  • Volga-Volga (Волга-Волга), film music (1938)
  • The Roads to Happiness (Дороги к счастью), operetta (1939)
  • My Love (Моя любовь). film music (1940)
  • Moscow, suite for solo voices, chorus and orchestra (1941)
  • The Wind of Liberty (Вольный ветер), operetta (1947)
  • Cossacks of the Kuban (Кубанские казаки), film music (1949)
  • The Son of the Clown (Сын клоуна), operetta (1950)
  • Glory of the Railwaymen, cantata
  • Our Homeland May Flourish!, cantata
  • Ballet Suite for orchestra
  • Suite on Chinese themes, orchestra
  • Rhapsody on Songs of the people of the Soviet Union, jazz orchestra
  • The Music Store, jazz orchestra
  • String Quartet
  • Song of the Fatherland, film music
  • Requiem, narrator and quintet
  • Song of Stalin, chorus and orchestra
  • White Acacia (Белая акация), operetta (1955, completed by Kirill Molchanov)
  • Quiet, Everything Quiet (Тихо, всё тихо), the sign-off tune of the Soviet television until 1991.

Also:

See also

Bibliography

  • Kommissarskaya, M Dunayevsky, the article in "Tvorcheskiye biografii Kompozitorov", Moscow, 1989 (in Russian)
  • Shafer, Naum “Dunayevsky Today” Moscow, Sovetsky Kompozitor, 1988 (in Russian)

References

  1. Richard Taylor, Nancy Wood, Julian Graffy, Dina Iordanova (2019). The BFI Companion to Eastern European and Russian Cinema. Bloomsbury. p. 1937. ISBN 978-1838718497.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. Peter Rollberg (2009). Historical Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Cinema. US: Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 197–199. ISBN 978-0-8108-6072-8.
  3. "Zoia Pashkova Biography". kino-teatr.ru (in Russian). Russia.
  4. "Yevgeniy Fiks' Gay, Communist, Yiddish Utopia". 4 December 2018.
  5. Plane Jane and Lieutenant Brigadier General Cuhntalina Badussy with Katya | The Bald & the Beautiful. Retrieved 2024-04-09 – via www.youtube.com.

External links

Categories: