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{{About|the beverage|the Japanese professional baseball team|Tokyo Yakult Swallows}}{{short description|Sweetened probiotic milk beverage}} | |||
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{{Infobox drink | |||
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| logo = Yakult-logo.svg | |||
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| name = Yakult | |||
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| image = Yakult drink.jpg | |||
{{Infobox company | |||
| |
| caption = A single serving of Yakult | ||
| type = Drink | |||
| key_people = Sumiya Hori (Chairman), Khamis Agear(EVP for global operation) | |||
| manufacturer = ] | |||
| industry = Probiotic Drinks | |||
| distributor = Yakult Honsha | |||
| products = | |||
| |
| origin = ] | ||
| region = | |||
| num_employees = | |||
| introduced = 1935 | |||
| slogan = | |||
| discontinued = | |||
| homepage = | |||
| |
| colour = Light peach | ||
| flavour = | |||
| location = ], ], Japan | |||
| ingredients = ] | |||
| variants = | |||
| related = | |||
| website = | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{nihongo|'''Yakult'''|ヤクルト|Yakuruto}} is a Japanese sweetened ] milk beverage ] with the ] strain '']'' Shirota. It is sold by ], based in ]. The name "Yakult" was coined from ], an ] word meaning "]". | |||
] | |||
{{nihongo|'''Yakult'''|ヤクルト|Yakuruto | |||
}} is a ] ] made by ] a mixture of ] with a special strain of the ] '']'' Shirota. It was created by a Japanese scientist ], who graduated from the Medical School of ] in 1930. In 1935, he started manufacturing and selling Yakult. Official claims state that the name is derived from {{lang|eo|jahurto}}, an ] word for "]".<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://yakult.de/dr-shirota/|title = Dr. Shirota - Visionär und Gutmensch |publisher = Yakult Deutschland|accessdate = 2016-01-04}}</ref> Since then, Yakult has also introduced a line of beverages for the Japanese market that contain ''] breve'' bacteria, and has also used its lactobacilli research to develop cosmetics. More recently, the Yakult Honsha played a major role in developing the ] drug ] (Camptosar, CPT-11).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yakult.co.jp/medical/|title=人も地球も健康に Yakult 医薬品事業|first=YakultHonsha|last=Co.,Ltd|website=www.yakult.co.jp}}</ref> | |||
== Ingredients == | |||
After its introduction in Japan and ], Yakult was first sold in ] in 1966,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yakult.com.br/yakult/default.aspx?mn=200&c=215&s=0|title=Yakult - Saúde Global em Harmonia|website=www.yakult.com.br}}</ref> due to the large number of Japanese immigrants in the country, before it was marketed elsewhere. Today, Yakult is sold in 38 countries,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yakulteurope.com/index.cfm?menuid=6 |title=Yakult Europe – Yakult worldwide |accessdate=2007-01-16 |work= }}</ref> although its bacteria cultures are provided from a mother strain from Japan regardless of production location.{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}} | |||
Yakult's ingredients are water, skimmed milk, ], sucrose, ] (]), and live ''Lacticaseibacillus casei'' Shirota bacteria.<ref name=EFSA/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.yakultusa.com/products/yakult/ |title=Yakult product information and nutrition facts |date=19 December 2015 |publisher=Yakult U.S.A. Inc. |access-date=2023-01-31 |archive-date=7 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907100519/http://www.yakultusa.com/products/yakult/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The strain was originally classified as being ''Lactobacillus casei''.<ref name=EFSA/> | |||
Yakult is prepared by adding ] to ] and heating the mixture at 90 to 95 °C for about 30 minutes. After letting it cool down to 45 °C, the mixture is inoculated with the lactobacillus and incubated for 6 to 7 days at 37 to 38 °C. After fermentation, water, ], ] and ] are added.<ref>{{citation |contribution=Milk and Dairy Products |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |edition=7th |year=2007 |doi=10.1002/14356007.a16_589.pub3| last1=Jost |first1=Rolf |isbn=978-3527306732 }}</ref> | |||
Yakult is marketed in different sizes. In ] and ], ], ], ], and ] Yakult comes in 65 ml bottles. In the ] (one of Yakult's largest selling markets), ], ], ], the ], ], ] and ], 80 ml bottles are available. It is also available in ], ], ] and ] where Yakult comes in 100 ml bottles.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yakultusa.com/ |title=Yakult USA |accessdate=2007-01-16 |work= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yakult.com.au/product01.htm |title=Yakult Australia – What is Yakult? |accessdate=2007-01-16 |work= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yakult.com.tw/ |title=Yakult Taiwan |accessdate=2007-01-16 |work= }}</ref> | |||
== Health claims == | |||
The product is made by {{nihongo|Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd.|株式会社ヤクルト本社|Kabushiki-gaisha Yakuruto Honsha}} ({{tyo|2267}}), where ] has a 20% share. The company also owns one of Japan's major ] franchises, the ]. It has been also one of the partner companies of the ] since 2005. | |||
] drinks on a Yakult-branded bicycle in Fukushima City, Japan, 2009]] | |||
In 2006, a panel appointed by the Netherlands Nutrition Center (''Voedingscentrum'') to evaluate a marketing request by Yakult found sufficient evidence to justify claims that drinking at least one bottle of Yakult per day might help improve ] for people who tend to be ] and might help maintain a healthy population of ].<ref name="VMT">{{cite web |date=10 November 2006 |title=Assessment Report: Yakult |url=https://www.vmt.nl/Onderwerpoverzicht/Toezicht/~/media/9AD5B0679AB150B65EC80129624475DC.ashx |publisher=Netherlands Nutrition Centre |access-date=7 September 2018 |archive-date=8 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908092823/https://www.vmt.nl/Onderwerpoverzicht/Toezicht/~/media/9AD5B0679AB150B65EC80129624475DC.ashx |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
==Nutritional value== | |||
Standard Yakult (excludes variations such as in Yakult Light) contains:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yakult.com.au/health01.htm |title=Yakult Australia – Nutritional Information |accessdate=2007-01-16 |work= }}</ref> | |||
*] (], ]) | |||
*Skimmed ] | |||
*Flavours | |||
*Live ''Lactobacillus casei'' Shirota strain, 6.5 billion per 65 ml bottle (concentration of 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/mL) | |||
*Water | |||
In 2010, a ] (EFSA) panel denied a request by the company to market Yakult as defending the upper respiratory tract against pathogens (in other words, protection against diseases like the ]), finding the claim not supported by the evidence.<ref name="EFSA">{{cite journal |last1=EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies |date=October 2010 |title=Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota and maintenance of the upper respiratory tract defence against pathogens by maintaining immune defences pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) N |journal=EFSA Journal |volume=8 |issue=10 |pages=1860 |doi=10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1860 |doi-access=}} {{open access}} Lay summary: {{cite news |last1=Wallop |first1=Harry |date=20 October 2010 |title=Probiotic drinks do not aid health, Europe says |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/news/8074182/Probiotic-drinks-do-not-aid-health-Europe-says.html |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/news/8074182/Probiotic-drinks-do-not-aid-health-Europe-says.html |archive-date=12 January 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref> | |||
Standard Yakult contains 14g of sugar for every 100g, but comes in 65 ml bottles. This ] is higher than the level defined as "HIGH" by the UK Food Standards Agency (described for concentrations of sugar above 15g per 100g).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eatwell.gov.uk/healthydiet/fss/sugars/ |title=Food Standards Agency – Healthy Diet – Sugars |publisher=Eatwell.gov.uk |date=2011-03-29 |accessdate=2011-11-17}}</ref> Based on the existence of many products like Yakult in the world market and the content of milk protein (1.4 g per 100 ml),<ref>http://www.yakulteurope.com/index.cfm?menuid=2&ContentID=14</ref> | |||
it was classified as a fermented milk named "Fermented Milk Drinks" of the Codex Standard. | |||
Through nutrient profiling guidelines, current health claim regulation in ] may forbid the use of health claim on food products that are nutritionally unbalanced, but dairy products and probiotic drinks are likely to be considered as favourable carrier because their health benefits outweigh the fact they might be high in one of the designated 'unhealthy' ingredients.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nutraingredients.com/news/ng.asp?id=83569|title=Nutraingredients.com|date=|publisher=Nutraingredients.com|accessdate=2011-11-17}} | |||
<!-- link does not work - replaced with the current UK food agency recommendation - While many people take Actimel to improve their health, they are often unaware of the high amount of sugar they are consuming.<ref>[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/newspapers/sunday_times/scotland/article581810.ece Bacteria-rich health drinks contain 80% more sugar than cola --></ref> | |||
In 2013, the UK ] disallowed an advertisement for Yakult in response to a complaint. It found that while there was sufficient evidence for the claim that "significant numbers of viable survived transit to the gut ", the advertisement had made claims of general health benefits without providing a specific, referenced claim, as required.<ref>{{cite web |title=ASA Adjudication on Yakult UK Ltd |url=https://www.asa.org.uk/rulings/yakult-uk-ltd-a13-220644.html |website=Advertising Standards Authority |access-date=8 September 2018 |date=15 May 2013 |archive-date=8 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908202701/https://www.asa.org.uk/rulings/yakult-uk-ltd-a13-220644.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
=== Scientific basis === | |||
According to the manufacturer's website, the benefits of Yakult consumption are supported by an array of scientific studies.<ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409193210/http://www.yakult07.co.uk/Public/hcp/yakult_the_product/history.aspx |date=April 9, 2008 }}</ref> Those could range from maintenance of ],<ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119114355/http://www.yakult07.co.uk/Public/hcp/yakult_lcs/healthy_microbiota.aspx |date=January 19, 2008 }}</ref> "modulation" of the ],<ref name="yakult07"> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409193118/http://www.yakult07.co.uk/Public/hcp/yakult_lcs/immune_modulation.aspx |date=April 9, 2008 }}</ref> regulation of bowel habits and ]<ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409193053/http://www.yakult07.co.uk/Public/hcp/yakult_lcs/bowel_habit.aspx |date=April 9, 2008 }}</ref> and finally effects on some ]s.<ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119114350/http://www.yakult07.co.uk/Public/hcp/yakult_lcs/gastrointestinal_infections.aspx |date=January 19, 2008 }}</ref> | |||
Although the number of scientific papers is large, most of them are based on '']'' and ''in vivo'' experiments, with some human clinical trials done on cohorts<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Takeda K, Okumura K |title=Effects of a fermented milk drink containing Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota on the human NK-cell activity |journal=J. Nutr. |volume=137 |issue=3 Suppl 2 |pages=791S–3S |date=Mar 2007 |pmid=17311976 |url=http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=17311976}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Morimoto K, Takeshita T, Nanno M, Tokudome S, Nakayama K |title=Modulation of natural killer cell activity by supplementation of fermented milk containing Lactobacillus casei in habitual smokers |journal=Prev Med |volume=40 |issue=5 |pages=589–94 |date=May 2005 |pmid=15749143 |doi=10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.07.019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Spanhaak S, Havenaar R, Schaafsma G |title=The effect of consumption of milk fermented by ''Lactobacillus casei'' strain Shirota on the intestinal microflora and immune parameters in humans |journal=Eur J Clin Nutr |volume=52 |issue=12 |pages=899–907 |date=Dec 1998 |pmid=9881885 |doi=10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600663 }}</ref> and with the daily consumption of 40–100 billions of probiotic ''L. casei'' Shirota,<ref name="yakult07"/> above the single bottle concentration of approximately 20–40 billion. | |||
In 2010, an ] panel concluded that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota and maintenance of the upper respiratory tract defence against pathogens by maintaining immune defences.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/1860 |title=EFSA – Scientific Opinion of the NDA Panel: Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota and maintenance of the upper respiratory tract defence against pathogens by maintaining immune defences |doi=10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1860 |publisher=Efsa.europa.eu |date= |accessdate=2011-11-17}}</ref> | |||
== Marketing history== | |||
The first Lactobacillus bacteria was originally isolated from human intestines at Yakult Central Institute in Japan | |||
] | |||
<ref>Yapp, Robin. (September 12, 2014). "", '']''. Accepted 12 March 2001.</ref> | |||
] | |||
Yakult was invented in 1935 in Japan by ], who helped found the company ] for the purpose of commercializing it.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last1=Malago|editor-first1=Joshua J.|editor-last2=Koninkx|editor-first2=Jos. F. J. G.|editor-last3=Marinsek-Logar|editor-first3=R.|title=Probiotic Bacteria and Enteric Infections Cytoprotection by Probiotic Bacteria|year=2011|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|location=Dordrecht|isbn=978-9-4007-0386-5|page=6|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nv8xBMWOe4EC&pg=PA6|chapter=Chapter 1: Probiotics: From the Ancient Wisdom to the Actual Therapeutical and Neutraceutical Perspective|last1=Caramia|first1=Giuseppe|last2=Silvi|first2=Stefania|access-date=8 September 2018|archive-date=17 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317110450/https://books.google.com/books?id=Nv8xBMWOe4EC&pg=PA6|url-status=live}}</ref> Although Yakult is sold in Japan in supermarkets and convenience stores, it is also sold door to door in Japan, Asia and in Latin America in convenience stores.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://prosperopedia.com/yakult-probiotic-drink-bottled-gut-health-magic/ |title=Yakult Probiotic Drink: Bottled Gut Health Magic|website=Prosperopedia.com|date=8 March 2021 }}</ref> | |||
== |
===History=== | ||
{{Prose|section|date=December 2024}} | |||
] | |||
*In 1930, scientist ] strengthened and cultured the ''Lactobacillus casei'' Shirota strain<ref name="history">{{Cite web |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/regional/2018/11/11/the-yakult-story-japanese-health-drink-that-conquered-world-with-beneficial-bacteria-and-beaming-lad/ |title=The Yakult story: Japanese health drink that conquered world with beneficial bacteria and beaming ladies |last=Ryall |first=Julian |date=11 November 2018 |newspaper=] |access-date=13 November 2019 |archive-date=13 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113174616/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/regional/2018/11/11/the-yakult-story-japanese-health-drink-that-conquered-world-with-beneficial-bacteria-and-beaming-lad/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
Yakult opened a factory in ] in the ] in 2014.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Mueller|first=Mark|title=Yakult To Build Fountain Valley Plant for U.S. Expansion|journal=]|date=June 28, 2010|volume=33|issue=26|pages=1, 23}}</ref> | |||
*In 1935, Yakult started being made in Japan.<ref name="history"/> | |||
Yakult is also manufactured in ] in ]. | |||
*In 1955, ] was founded. | |||
*In 1963, Yakult began a home delivery service, using ']' employees.<ref name="history"/> | |||
*In 1964, Yakult began selling in other countries, beginning with Taiwan.<ref name="history"/> | |||
*In 1968, Yakult opens its first factory outside Japan in the city of ], Brazil.<ref>{{cite web|title=Origem - Yakult Brasil|url=https://www.yakult.com.br/empresa/origem/|access-date=6 May 2022|archive-date=20 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020043317/http://www.yakult.com.br/empresa/origem/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
*In 1969, the Hong Kong Yakult Co Ltd was founded.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.facebook.com/pg/yakulthk/about |title=Hong Kong Yakult Co Ltd |website=] |access-date=15 December 2019 |archive-date=17 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317110501/https://www.facebook.com/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fyakulthk%2Fabout%2F |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
*In 1969, ] was founded in South Korea.<ref>{{cite web |date=30 September 2018 |title=야쿠르트 - 윤덕병 |url=https://www.ynamnews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=19336 |access-date=10 December 2021 |archive-date=10 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210080106/https://www.ynamnews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=19336 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
*In 1981, Yakult ventured into Mexico, opening a factory in the city of ] under the direction of ].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.eluniversalpuebla.com.mx/estado/yakult-cuatro-decadas-de-arraigo-en-puebla|title=Yakult: cuatro décadas de arraigo en Puebla|work=El Universal Puebla|first=Ángeles|last=Bretón|date=21 May 2022|access-date=17 January 2023|language=es|archive-date=17 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117183208/https://www.eluniversalpuebla.com.mx/estado/yakult-cuatro-decadas-de-arraigo-en-puebla|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
*In 1994, Yakult started being sold in Australia, Great Britain, and the United States.<ref name="guardian-cult">{{cite news |last1=Cocozza |first1=Paula |title=The cult of Yakult: the surprising reason the world's gone wild for the probiotic drink |url=https://www.theguardian.com/food/shortcuts/2018/sep/05/the-cult-of-yakult-the-surprising-reason-the-worlds-gone-wild-for-the-probiotic-drink |access-date=8 September 2018 |work=The Guardian |date=5 September 2018 |archive-date=7 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907230019/https://www.theguardian.com/food/shortcuts/2018/sep/05/the-cult-of-yakult-the-surprising-reason-the-worlds-gone-wild-for-the-probiotic-drink |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
*In 2004 Yakult started being sold in New Zealand, via Australia. Yakult LIGHT was first available in Australia in 2004. In 2017, Yakult reformulated Yakult LIGHT to boast further reductions in sugar and energy content and to use ] instead of sugar.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.yakult.com.au/faqs/ | title=FAQ }}</ref> | |||
*In 2014, Yakult opened its first factory in the United States.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.fooddive.com/news/yakult-opens-probiotic-drink-factory-in-california/264784/|title=Yakult opens probiotic drink factory in California|date=20 May 2014|access-date=12 October 2023 |first1=Paul|last1=Conley|website=Food Dive}}</ref> | |||
===Relationship with Danone=== | |||
In Malaysia, Yakult is manufactured at their factory located at ], ]. | |||
In February 2018, it was reported that ] planned to sell US$1.9 billion of its Yakult investment, reducing its stake from 21% to 7%.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kar-Gupta |first1=Sudip |last2=Vidalon |first2=Dominique |title=Danone to sell $1.9 billion Yakult stake in quest to boost shareholder returns |url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-danone-yakult/danone-to-sell-1-9-billion-yakult-stake-in-quest-to-boost-shareholder-returns-idUKKCN1FY0OR |access-date=8 September 2018 |work=Reuters |date=14 February 2018 |archive-date=8 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908202603/https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-danone-yakult/danone-to-sell-1-9-billion-yakult-stake-in-quest-to-boost-shareholder-returns-idUKKCN1FY0OR |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Danone to Sell Stake in Japan's Yakult for $1.9 Billion |url=http://fortune.com/2018/02/14/danone-sells-stake-yakult/ |access-date=8 September 2018 |work=Bloomberg |date=14 February 2018 |archive-date=9 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909000159/http://fortune.com/2018/02/14/danone-sells-stake-yakult/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The plan was followed by a decline in Yakult's share value.<ref name=Gretler>{{cite news |last1=Gretler |first1=Corinne |title=Yakult Declines After Danone's $1.9 Billion Share Sale Plan |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-02-14/danone-to-sell-stake-in-japan-s-yakult-for-about-1-8-billion |access-date=8 September 2018 |work=Bloomberg |date=14 February 2018 |archive-date=5 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905220419/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-02-14/danone-to-sell-stake-in-japan-s-yakult-for-about-1-8-billion |url-status=live }}</ref> Danone had first bought shares in Yakult in April 2000.<ref name=Gretler /> The sale was completed in March 2018.<ref>{{cite news |title=Danone completes 1.3bn euro sale of its 14% stake in Yakult |url=https://www.foodbev.com/news/danone-completes-1-3bn-euro-sale-of-its-14-stake-in-yakult/ |access-date=8 September 2018 |work=FoodBev Media |date=28 March 2018 |archive-date=8 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908202544/https://www.foodbev.com/news/danone-completes-1-3bn-euro-sale-of-its-14-stake-in-yakult/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
===In mass media=== | |||
In the ], Yakult opened a factory in ] due to the drink's popularity in the country. | |||
In September 2018, it was reported that the appearance of unlabelled Yakult bottles in the 2018 film '']'' led to a rise in the drink's sales that coincided with a 2.8% increase in share price following the film's release on 17 August.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Petter |first1=Olivia |date=4 September 2018 |title=Yakult shares increase following release of Netflix's 'To All the Boys I've Loved Before' |work=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/yakult-to-all-the-boys-ive-loved-before-netflix-sales-increase-rom-com-a8521886.html |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=8 September 2018 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/yakult-to-all-the-boys-ive-loved-before-netflix-sales-increase-rom-com-a8521886.html |archive-date=7 May 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Balji |first1=Divya |title=Netflix Teen Comedy Helps Yakult Yogurt Drink Fly Off Shelves |url=https://www.bloombergquint.com/pursuits/2018/09/03/netflix-teen-comedy-seen-boosting-sales-for-this-japanese-stock#gs.9OnJXz0 |access-date=8 September 2018 |work=BloombergQuint |date=3 September 2018 |archive-date=8 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908202540/https://www.bloombergquint.com/pursuits/2018/09/03/netflix-teen-comedy-seen-boosting-sales-for-this-japanese-stock#gs.9OnJXz0 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
In January 2020, professional sumo wrestler ] appeared in a television commercial advertising Yakult 1000.<ref>{{cite web|title=貴景勝「熱いお風呂ダメ」ダチョウ倶楽部の勧誘断る - 大相撲 : 日刊スポーツ|url=https://www.nikkansports.com/battle/sumo/news/201912190000512.html|date=19 December 2019|publisher=Nikkan Sports|accessdate=11 November 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.yakult.co.jp/news/file.php?type=release&id=157904826913.pdf|title=貴景勝 関がテレビCM初出演!!「Yakult(ヤクルト)1000」の新CMがスタート!!|date=17 January 2020|publisher=Yakult Honsha|accessdate=11 November 2023|lang=ja}}</ref> | |||
Yakult is manufactured and sold in India under a 50:50 joint-venture with ].<ref name="yakultindia">{{cite news|title=Yakult Danone: Spreading far and wide |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/specials/yakult-danone-spreading-far-and-wide-112052100043_1.html |first=Saumya |last=Prakash |date=21 May 2012|work=]|accessdate=Jan 7, 2017}}</ref> It is manufactured in ].<ref>http://www.yakult.co.in/contactus.aspx</ref> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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*] | * ] | ||
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*] (founder of Yakult Mexico) | |||
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== References == | == References == | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
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Latest revision as of 07:31, 26 December 2024
This article is about the beverage. For the Japanese professional baseball team, see Tokyo Yakult Swallows.Sweetened probiotic milk beverage
A single serving of Yakult | |
Type | Drink |
---|---|
Manufacturer | Yakult Honsha |
Distributor | Yakult Honsha |
Country of origin | Japan |
Introduced | 1935 |
Colour | Light peach |
Ingredients | Ingredients |
Yakult (ヤクルト, Yakuruto) is a Japanese sweetened probiotic milk beverage fermented with the bacteria strain Lacticaseibacillus casei Shirota. It is sold by Yakult Honsha, based in Tokyo. The name "Yakult" was coined from jahurto, an Esperanto word meaning "yogurt".
Ingredients
Yakult's ingredients are water, skimmed milk, glucose-fructose syrup, sucrose, natural flavors (citrus), and live Lacticaseibacillus casei Shirota bacteria. The strain was originally classified as being Lactobacillus casei.
Yakult is prepared by adding glucose to skimmed milk and heating the mixture at 90 to 95 °C for about 30 minutes. After letting it cool down to 45 °C, the mixture is inoculated with the lactobacillus and incubated for 6 to 7 days at 37 to 38 °C. After fermentation, water, sugar, gums and lactic acid are added.
Health claims
In 2006, a panel appointed by the Netherlands Nutrition Center (Voedingscentrum) to evaluate a marketing request by Yakult found sufficient evidence to justify claims that drinking at least one bottle of Yakult per day might help improve bowel movements for people who tend to be constipated and might help maintain a healthy population of gut flora.
In 2010, a European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) panel denied a request by the company to market Yakult as defending the upper respiratory tract against pathogens (in other words, protection against diseases like the common cold), finding the claim not supported by the evidence.
In 2013, the UK Advertising Standards Authority disallowed an advertisement for Yakult in response to a complaint. It found that while there was sufficient evidence for the claim that "significant numbers of viable survived transit to the gut ", the advertisement had made claims of general health benefits without providing a specific, referenced claim, as required.
Marketing history
Yakult was invented in 1935 in Japan by Minoru Shirota, who helped found the company Yakult Honsha for the purpose of commercializing it. Although Yakult is sold in Japan in supermarkets and convenience stores, it is also sold door to door in Japan, Asia and in Latin America in convenience stores.
History
This section is in list format but may read better as prose. You can help by converting this section, if appropriate. Editing help is available. (December 2024) |
- In 1930, scientist Minoru Shirota strengthened and cultured the Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain
- In 1935, Yakult started being made in Japan.
- In 1955, Yakult Honsha was founded.
- In 1963, Yakult began a home delivery service, using 'Yakult lady' employees.
- In 1964, Yakult began selling in other countries, beginning with Taiwan.
- In 1968, Yakult opens its first factory outside Japan in the city of São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil.
- In 1969, the Hong Kong Yakult Co Ltd was founded.
- In 1969, Korea Yakult was founded in South Korea.
- In 1981, Yakult ventured into Mexico, opening a factory in the city of Ixtapaluca under the direction of Carlos Kasuga.
- In 1994, Yakult started being sold in Australia, Great Britain, and the United States.
- In 2004 Yakult started being sold in New Zealand, via Australia. Yakult LIGHT was first available in Australia in 2004. In 2017, Yakult reformulated Yakult LIGHT to boast further reductions in sugar and energy content and to use Stevia instead of sugar.
- In 2014, Yakult opened its first factory in the United States.
Relationship with Danone
In February 2018, it was reported that Danone planned to sell US$1.9 billion of its Yakult investment, reducing its stake from 21% to 7%. The plan was followed by a decline in Yakult's share value. Danone had first bought shares in Yakult in April 2000. The sale was completed in March 2018.
In mass media
In September 2018, it was reported that the appearance of unlabelled Yakult bottles in the 2018 film To All the Boys I've Loved Before led to a rise in the drink's sales that coincided with a 2.8% increase in share price following the film's release on 17 August.
In January 2020, professional sumo wrestler Takakeishō Takanobu appeared in a television commercial advertising Yakult 1000.
See also
References
- ^ EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (October 2010). "Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota and maintenance of the upper respiratory tract defence against pathogens by maintaining immune defences pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) N". EFSA Journal. 8 (10): 1860. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1860. Lay summary: Wallop, Harry (20 October 2010). "Probiotic drinks do not aid health, Europe says". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022.
- "Yakult product information and nutrition facts". Yakult U.S.A. Inc. 19 December 2015. Archived from the original on 7 September 2018. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
- Jost, Rolf (2007), "Milk and Dairy Products", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), doi:10.1002/14356007.a16_589.pub3, ISBN 978-3527306732
- "Assessment Report: Yakult". Netherlands Nutrition Centre. 10 November 2006. Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
- "ASA Adjudication on Yakult UK Ltd". Advertising Standards Authority. 15 May 2013. Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- Caramia, Giuseppe; Silvi, Stefania (2011). "Chapter 1: Probiotics: From the Ancient Wisdom to the Actual Therapeutical and Neutraceutical Perspective". In Malago, Joshua J.; Koninkx, Jos. F. J. G.; Marinsek-Logar, R. (eds.). Probiotic Bacteria and Enteric Infections Cytoprotection by Probiotic Bacteria. Dordrecht: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 6. ISBN 978-9-4007-0386-5. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- "Yakult Probiotic Drink: Bottled Gut Health Magic". Prosperopedia.com. 8 March 2021.
- ^ Ryall, Julian (11 November 2018). "The Yakult story: Japanese health drink that conquered world with beneficial bacteria and beaming ladies". The Star. Archived from the original on 13 November 2019. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
- "Origem - Yakult Brasil". Archived from the original on 20 October 2019. Retrieved 6 May 2022.
- "Hong Kong Yakult Co Ltd". Facebook. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "야쿠르트 - 윤덕병". 30 September 2018. Archived from the original on 10 December 2021. Retrieved 10 December 2021.
- Bretón, Ángeles (21 May 2022). "Yakult: cuatro décadas de arraigo en Puebla". El Universal Puebla (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 17 January 2023. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
- Cocozza, Paula (5 September 2018). "The cult of Yakult: the surprising reason the world's gone wild for the probiotic drink". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 7 September 2018. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- "FAQ".
- Conley, Paul (20 May 2014). "Yakult opens probiotic drink factory in California". Food Dive. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
- Kar-Gupta, Sudip; Vidalon, Dominique (14 February 2018). "Danone to sell $1.9 billion Yakult stake in quest to boost shareholder returns". Reuters. Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- "Danone to Sell Stake in Japan's Yakult for $1.9 Billion". Bloomberg. 14 February 2018. Archived from the original on 9 September 2018. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- ^ Gretler, Corinne (14 February 2018). "Yakult Declines After Danone's $1.9 Billion Share Sale Plan". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- "Danone completes 1.3bn euro sale of its 14% stake in Yakult". FoodBev Media. 28 March 2018. Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- Petter, Olivia (4 September 2018). "Yakult shares increase following release of Netflix's 'To All the Boys I've Loved Before'". The Independent. Archived from the original on 7 May 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- Balji, Divya (3 September 2018). "Netflix Teen Comedy Helps Yakult Yogurt Drink Fly Off Shelves". BloombergQuint. Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- "貴景勝「熱いお風呂ダメ」ダチョウ倶楽部の勧誘断る - 大相撲 : 日刊スポーツ". Nikkan Sports. 19 December 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
- "貴景勝 関がテレビCM初出演!!「Yakult(ヤクルト)1000」の新CMがスタート!!" (PDF) (in Japanese). Yakult Honsha. 17 January 2020. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
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