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{{Short description|Indian Sufi saint (1209–1324)}}
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{{more citations needed|date=May 2015}}
'''Shaikh Sharafuddeen Bu Ali Qalandar Panipati''' is one of the most renowed ] ] in history. One account says he was born in early ] in ], ]. However the epitaph on his shrine says his birth place was really Ganjeh, ].
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2017}}
{{Infobox saint
|name = Shaykh Sharfuddin Bu Ali Qalandar Panipati
|image = A seated portrait of the Sufi saint Sharaf BuʿAli Qalandar.jpg
|image_size =
|caption =A seated portrait of the BuʿAli Shah Qalandar. 18th-century ]. ]
|titles = Bu Ali Shah Qalandar
|birth_date = c. 1209
|birth_place =
|death_date = c. 1324 (aged 115)
|death_place = ], ]
|feast_day =
|beatified_date =
|beatified_place =
|beatified_by =
|canonized_date =
|canonized_place =
|canonized_by =
|major_shrine = Bu Ali Shah Qalandar Dargah, ], ]
|attributes = Pir Abid Arif Nomani (current Sajjada Nasheen)
|issues =
|suppressed_date =
| influences = ]
|tradition = ]
}}
'''Shaykh Syed Sharfuddin Bu Ali Shah Qalandar Panipati''', renowned as '''Bu Ali Qalandar''' (1209–1324 ]), born in ], ], present-day ], India,<ref>Encyclopaedia of Sufism: Great Sufi saints : Sarmad & Bawa, Masood Ali Khan, S. Ram, Anmol Publications, 2003, <nowiki>ISBN 8126113111</nowiki>, 9788126113118</ref> was a ] and ] ] of the Owaisī Order, who lived and taught in India.<ref name=":0" /> His ] (Shrine) is located in ], and is a place of ] for his followers.


His real name was Sharfuddin but he is well known by his title Bu Ali Shah Qalandar. His father Syed Muhammad Abu al Hassan Fakharuddin also known as Fakhar e Alam was a great scholar and saint of his time. His father was buried in Village Kirman ], ]. He was descended from Imam ]. His large descendants were moved to Pakistan after participation in 1947. He completed his studies at an early age and subsequently taught near the ] in Delhi for 20 years. He published a collection of Persian poetry by the name of "Diwan Hazrat Sharafuddeen Bu Ali Qalandar"<ref name="Malik Chanan">{{cite book|last=Shahudin|first=Maulavi|title=Diwane Bu Ali|publisher=Malik Chananuddin}}</ref> which was later translated by ] in ]. It was a great Sufi work in Persian language.<ref name=Boota>{{cite book|last=Boota|first=Sohail|title=Tazkara Aulia|year=2007|publisher=Shahudin Academy|location=Sialkot}}</ref><ref name=Hazeena>{{cite book|last=Qadri Sarwari|first=Mumtaz Ali|title=Hazeena Tul Uns|publisher=Zam Zama Printing Press|location=Sialkot}}</ref> Some other famous Qalandars include ] and ].
==The Legends About the Title ''Bu Ali''==
There seems to be too many legends about his title.
*One legend says after the ] of 36 years standing in the water in ] he achieved the status of "Bu Ali" (Fragrance of ]) by Prophet ].
*Another legend says the Prophet Muhammad appeared to him in a dream and offered him a wish. The Qalandar asked for prophethood and was told that all positions has been filled and Muhammad was the last one. He asked to be Ali and was told that position was also filled. He then asked for at least the fragrance of Ali and that wish was granted.
*The third legend says he asked Khawaja Qutubuddin Bakhtiar Kaki to make him his student. Khawaja refused by saying he did not have the permission but arranged for Qalandar's direct Bay'at of ]. As a result of this Bay'at, the Qalandar acquired the frangrance of Ali.
*The most logical legend seems to be the one which says the Qalandar was never a student of anyone so people attributed Ali has his master. Since he was totally observed in the love and teachings of Ali, he was dubbed the title Fragrance of Ali.
*Some historians believe that Bu Ali is simply another form of ''Kuniyyat'' ''Abu Ali''. However the Kuniyyat Abu Ali is normally given to someone named Hassan. Neither his name was Hassan, nor he had a son named Ali.


==Birthplace==
After achieving this ], many Sufi saints came to see Bu Ali Shah Qalandar.
One account says he was born in early 1209 and lived till 1324 in ], during the rule of Delhi Sultanate.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bu Ali Shah Qalandar |url=https://www.qadrishattari.xyz/p/bu-ali-shah-qalandar.html |access-date=12 April 2022 |website=Qadri Shattari Silsila's Online platform}}</ref> His father, Sheikh Fakhar Uddin was a famous scholar of his time. His mother was Hafiza Jamal, the daughter of Maulana Nemat Ullah Hamdani. Some people also claim his father actually came from Iraq and settled down in ].<ref name=":0" />


==Tomb==
==The Legends of His Death and Shrine==
The ] (mausoleum or shrine), mosque and enclosure at the Qalandar Chowk in Panipat were constructed by ], a ], in the service of the ] Emperor ]. Mahabat Khan's own tomb in red sandstone is adjacent to the saint's mausoleum. The tombs of Hakim Mukaram Khan and the ] poet Maulana ] are also located within the enclosure. A nearby structure is the tomb of the last ] ruler of Delhi, ], killed in the ] (1526).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.india9.com/i9show/Ibrahim-Lodhi%27s-Tomb-14121.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022095416/http://www.india9.com/i9show/Ibrahim-Lodhi%27s-Tomb-14121.htm|url-status=dead|title=Ibrahim Lodhi's Tomb in Panipat India|archivedate=22 October 2016|website=www.india9.com}}</ref>
The legend says that after many years of devotion and service Bu-Ali-Shah Qalandar disappeared into the sky in front of all his devotees. However his ] (shrine) exists in Panipat, which is situated at the ] in Panipat, Haryana India.


The left wall of the mausoleum has a ] (]) embossed and painted in blue and gold, written by Zahuri Neishabouri, who visited India during the reign of ].{{Citation needed|date=May 2024}}
==Further reading==
*Mulla Abdul Qadir Badayuni, ''Muntakhab-ut-Tawaareekh''. English translation by John William Greers. The Royal Asiatic Society Calcutta. India.


A large number of people from all walks of life, ], ], ] and ] visit the tomb and offer prayers there each Thursday and during the annual ] Mela.<ref name=":0" />
*Sir Ghulam Yazdani, ''Epigraphia Indo-Islamica''. Vol XIII. Archaeological Survey of India. Institute of Archaeology, New Delhi.India.


==Gallery==
*Dr. Shaikh Muhammad Ikram, ''Aab-e-kausar''. Shaikh Ghulam Ali & Sons. Lahore. Pakistan.
<gallery>
File:Mazar Bu Ali.JPG|Tomb of Bu Ali Shah Qalandar
File:Shah Sharaf bu ali qalander Chiniot pakistan.jpg|Chilla Gah of Bu Ali Qalandar in Chiniot, Punjab, Pakistan
File:Six Sufi masters (retouched).jpg|Six Sufi masters: ], ], ], Shaikh Mihr, Shah Sharafuddeen Bu 'Ali Qalandar and Sultan Musa Shaikh
</gallery>


==References==
*Shaikh Abdul Haq Muhaddis Dehlavi, ''Akhbaar-Ul-Akhiyaar''. ( Urdu translation by Professor Ghulam Rasool Mehr). Maktaba Usmania. Hyderabad.A.P. India.
{{Reflist}}


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Latest revision as of 22:29, 13 November 2024

Indian Sufi saint (1209–1324)
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Shaykh Sharfuddin Bu Ali Qalandar Panipati
A seated portrait of the BuʿAli Shah Qalandar. 18th-century Mughal miniature. British Museum
Bu Ali Shah Qalandar
Bornc. 1209
Diedc. 1324 (aged 115)
Panipat, Delhi Sultanate
Major shrineBu Ali Shah Qalandar Dargah, Panipat, Haryana
AttributesPir Abid Arif Nomani (current Sajjada Nasheen)
InfluencesQutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki
Tradition or genreSufi Islam

Shaykh Syed Sharfuddin Bu Ali Shah Qalandar Panipati, renowned as Bu Ali Qalandar (1209–1324 CE), born in Panipat, Delhi Sultanate, present-day Haryana, India, was a Qalandar and Sufi saint of the Owaisī Order, who lived and taught in India. His dargah (Shrine) is located in Panipat, and is a place of pilgrimage for his followers.

His real name was Sharfuddin but he is well known by his title Bu Ali Shah Qalandar. His father Syed Muhammad Abu al Hassan Fakharuddin also known as Fakhar e Alam was a great scholar and saint of his time. His father was buried in Village Kirman Parachinar, Pakistan. He was descended from Imam Musa Al-Kadhim. His large descendants were moved to Pakistan after participation in 1947. He completed his studies at an early age and subsequently taught near the Qutub Minar in Delhi for 20 years. He published a collection of Persian poetry by the name of "Diwan Hazrat Sharafuddeen Bu Ali Qalandar" which was later translated by Khawaja Shahudin in Punjabi. It was a great Sufi work in Persian language. Some other famous Qalandars include Lal Shahbaz Qalandar and Shams Ali Qalandar.

Birthplace

One account says he was born in early 1209 and lived till 1324 in Panipat, during the rule of Delhi Sultanate. His father, Sheikh Fakhar Uddin was a famous scholar of his time. His mother was Hafiza Jamal, the daughter of Maulana Nemat Ullah Hamdani. Some people also claim his father actually came from Iraq and settled down in Panipat.

Tomb

The dargah (mausoleum or shrine), mosque and enclosure at the Qalandar Chowk in Panipat were constructed by Mahabat Khan, a general, in the service of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. Mahabat Khan's own tomb in red sandstone is adjacent to the saint's mausoleum. The tombs of Hakim Mukaram Khan and the Urdu poet Maulana Altaf Hussain Hali are also located within the enclosure. A nearby structure is the tomb of the last Lodi dynasty ruler of Delhi, Ibrahim Lodi, killed in the First Battle of Panipat (1526).

The left wall of the mausoleum has a qasida (panegyric) embossed and painted in blue and gold, written by Zahuri Neishabouri, who visited India during the reign of Akbar.

A large number of people from all walks of life, Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs and Christians visit the tomb and offer prayers there each Thursday and during the annual Urs Mela.

Gallery

References

  1. Encyclopaedia of Sufism: Great Sufi saints : Sarmad & Bawa, Masood Ali Khan, S. Ram, Anmol Publications, 2003, ISBN 8126113111, 9788126113118
  2. ^ "Bu Ali Shah Qalandar". Qadri Shattari Silsila's Online platform. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
  3. Shahudin, Maulavi. Diwane Bu Ali. Malik Chananuddin.
  4. Boota, Sohail (2007). Tazkara Aulia. Sialkot: Shahudin Academy.
  5. Qadri Sarwari, Mumtaz Ali. Hazeena Tul Uns. Sialkot: Zam Zama Printing Press.
  6. "Ibrahim Lodhi's Tomb in Panipat India". www.india9.com. Archived from the original on 22 October 2016.
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