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{{Short description|Canadian serial killer (1949–2024)}} | ||
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2024}} | |||
{{Infobox serial killer | {{Infobox serial killer | ||
| name = Robert Pickton | | name = Robert Pickton | ||
| image = | | image = RobertPickton.jpg | ||
| caption = | | caption = Pickton in 1996 | ||
| |
| birth_name = Robert William Pickton | ||
| birth_date = {{birth date|1949|10|24}} | |||
| birth_name = Robert William Pickton weirdo creep! | |||
| birth_place = ], ], Canada | |||
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1949|10|24}}<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20071130.wpicktonsketch1130/BNStory/specialPickton/home|title=Who is Robert Pickton|date=2007-11-30|accessdate=2008-11-10|location=Toronto|work=The Globe and Mail|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081017052404/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20071130.wpicktonsketch1130/BNStory/specialPickton/home|archivedate=2008-10-17}}</ref> | |||
| death_date = {{death date and age|2024|5|31|1949|10|24}} | |||
| birth_place = ], ] | |||
| |
| death_place = ], ], Canada | ||
| victims = 6 convicted <br>26 charged <br>49 confessed | |||
| country = ] | |||
| |
| country = Canada | ||
| |
| beginyear = 1978 | ||
| endyear = 2001 | |||
| apprehended = February 22, 2002 | |||
| apprehended = February 22, 2002 | |||
| conviction = ] | |||
| |
| conviction = ] (×6) | ||
| sentence = ] with no possibility of ] for 25 years | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Robert William Pickton''' (October 24, 1949 – May 31, 2024), also known as the '''Pig Farmer Killer''' or the '''Butcher''', was a Canadian ] and ]. After dropping out of school, he left a butcher's apprenticeship to begin working full-time at his family's pig farm, and inherited it in the early 1990s. | |||
'''Robert William "Willy" Pickton''' (born October 24, 1949)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://redorbit.com/news/international/810355/crown_says_will_prove_robert_pickton_murdered_butchered_and_disposed/index.html |title=Crown Says Will Prove Robert Pickton Murdered, Butchered and Disposed of 6 Women |publisher=] |date=2007-01-22 |accessdate=2007-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110820172801/http://www.redorbit.com/news/international/810355/crown_says_will_prove_robert_pickton_murdered_butchered_and_disposed/index.html |archive-date=2011-08-20 |url-status=dead }}</ref> is a ] ] who was convicted in 2007 of the ]s of six women. Arrested in 2002, he was the subject of a lengthy investigation that yielded evidence of numerous other murders. Pickton was charged with the deaths of an additional twenty women,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/2005/pickton_indictments.htm|title=Indictment document}}</ref> many of them from ]'s ], but these charges were stayed by ] in 2010.<ref name="Chad Skelton" /> Pickton was sentenced to ], with no possibility of ] for 25 years – the longest sentence for ] at the time he was sentenced.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/12/12/2116862.htm |title=AU Serial-killing pig farmer gets life |publisher="ABC |date=2007-12-12 |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> | |||
Between 1995 and 2001, Pickton is believed to have murdered at least 26 women, many of them ]s from ]'s ]. Pickton would confess to 49 murders to an undercover ] officer disguised as a cellmate, going on to say he wanted to make it an even 50, but thought he was caught because he got "sloppy".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Butts |first1=Edward |title=Robert Pickton Case |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/robert-pickton-case#Arrest |website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca |access-date=May 30, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240110142714/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/robert-pickton-case#Arrest |archive-date=January 10, 2024 |language=en |date=October 8, 2020 |quote=While Pickton was being held in jail in Surrey, British Columbia, he shared a cell with an undercover RCMP officer he believed to be another detainee. |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Crown says Pickton confessed to killing 49 |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/crown-says-pickton-confessed-to-killing-49-1.225554 |access-date=May 30, 2024 |work=CTVNews |date=January 22, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607203711/http://www.ctvnews.ca/crown-says-pickton-confessed-to-killing-49-1.225554 |archive-date=June 7, 2023 |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/crown-lays-out-grisly-case-against-pickton-1.681180|title=Pickton butchered 6 women, Crown tells jury|website=]|date=January 22, 2007|access-date=January 22, 2007|archive-date=September 17, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130917010308/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/crown-lays-out-grisly-case-against-pickton-1.681180|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2007, he was convicted on six counts of ] and sentenced to ] with no possibility of parole for 25 years—the longest possible sentence for ] at the time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/2005/pickton_indictments.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061007042354/http://www.missingpeople.net/2005/pickton_indictments.htm|url-status=usurped|archive-date=October 7, 2006|title=Indictment document}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/12/12/2116862.htm |title=AU Serial-killing pig farmer gets life |publisher="ABC |date=December 12, 2007 |access-date=February 10, 2011 |archive-date=February 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110223174131/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/12/12/2116862.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
During the trial's first day of jury evidence, the Crown stated that Pickton had confessed to 49 murders to an ] agent from the ], who was posing as a cellmate. The Crown reported that Pickton told the officer that he wanted to kill another woman to make it an even 50, and that he was caught because he was "sloppy".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/crown-lays-out-grisly-case-against-pickton-1.681180|title=Pickton butchered 6 women, Crown tells jury|website=]|date=22 January 2007|accessdate=January 22, 2007}}</ref> | |||
In 2010, the ] officially ] the remaining 20 murder charges, allowing previously unrevealed information to be made available to the public, including that Pickton previously had a 1997 ] charge dropped.<ref name="Chad Skelton" /> Crown prosecutors reasoned that staying the additional charges made the most sense, since Pickton was already serving the maximum sentence allowable.<ref name="Chad Skelton" /> | |||
==Background== | |||
Robert William Pickton and his brother David owned a farm in ], ], 27 km (17 miles) east of ]. Worker Bill Hiscox called the farm a "creepy-looking place" and described Pickton as a "pretty quiet guy"{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} whose sometimes bizarre behaviour, despite no evidence of ], would draw attention. <!-- "Pickton's only vehicle was a converted bus, with deeply tinted windows, to which he was emotionally attached."(commented out March 2017) N.B.A documentary (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TXtadtqHkzY) indicates Pickton drove a "pick-up truck" --> | |||
The discovery of Pickton's crimes sparked widespread outrage and forced the Canadian government to acknowledge the crisis of ],<ref name="c042">{{cite journal | title=View of Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women in the Case of Canadian Serial Killer Robert Pickton | journal=Voices of Forensic Science | date=August 13, 2021 | volume=1 | issue=2 | pages=29–37 | url=https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/forensic/article/view/37180/28206 | ref={{sfnref | | |||
The Pickton brothers began to neglect the site's farming operations. They registered a non-profit charity, the Piggy Palace Good Times Society, with the Canadian government in 1996, claiming to "organize, co-ordinate, manage and operate special events, functions, dances, shows and exhibitions on behalf of service organizations, sports organizations and other worthy groups". Its events included ]s and wild parties featuring Vancouver ]s and gatherings in a converted ] on the farm. These events attracted as many as 2,000 people. Members of the ] were known to frequent the farm. | |||
Journal Production Services | |||
}} | access-date=June 2, 2024 | last1=Cui | first1=Leigh-Anne | archive-date=December 24, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224202726/https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/forensic/article/view/37180/28206 | url-status=live }}</ref> with the ] provincial government forming the ] to examine the role of the police in the matter.<ref name="c743">{{cite book | last=Inquiry | first=British Columbia. Missing Women Commission of | title=Forsaken | date=2012 | isbn=978-0-9917299-7-5 | page=| publisher=Missing Women Commission of Inquiry }}</ref> Pickton died in 2024 after being attacked in prison by another inmate.<ref>{{cite web|title=Serial killer Robert Pickton dead following beating in Quebec prison|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/10537744/serial-killer-robert-pickton-dead/|date=May 31, 2024|last=Judd|first=Amy|publisher=Global News|access-date=May 31, 2024|archive-date=May 31, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531205425/https://globalnews.ca/news/10537744/serial-killer-robert-pickton-dead/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Brockman |first=Charles |date=May 31, 2024 |title=B.C. serial killer Robert Pickton dead after prison attack. |url=https://vancouver.citynews.ca/2024/05/31/bc-serial-killer-robert-pickton-dead/ |access-date=May 31, 2024 |website=CityNews Vancouver |archive-date=May 31, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531205426/https://vancouver.citynews.ca/2024/05/31/bc-serial-killer-robert-pickton-dead/ |url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
==Early life and criminal history== | |||
On March 23, 1997, Pickton was charged with the ] of sex worker Wendy Lynn Eistetter, whom he had stabbed several times during an altercation at the farm. Eistetter had informed police that Pickton had handcuffed her, but that she had escaped after suffering several ]. She told them she had disarmed him and stabbed him with his weapon. Pickton sought treatment at Eagle Ridge Hospital, while Eistetter recovered at the nearest emergency room. He was released on ]2,000 bond. The charge was dismissed in January 1998. Months later, the Picktons were sued by Port Coquitlam officials for violating ] ordinances – neglecting the agriculture for which it had been zoned, and having "altered a large farm building on the land for the purpose of holding dances, concerts and other recreations". The Picktons ignored the legal pressure and held a 1998 ] party, after which they were faced with an ] banning future parties; the police were "authorized to arrest and remove any person" attending future events at the farm. The society's non-profit status was removed the following year, for inability to procure financial statements. It was subsequently disbanded. | |||
Robert Pickton was born on October 24, 1949,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://redorbit.com/news/international/810355/crown_says_will_prove_robert_pickton_murdered_butchered_and_disposed/index.html |title=Crown Says Will Prove Robert Pickton Murdered, Butchered and Disposed of 6 Women |publisher=] |date=January 22, 2007 |access-date=January 25, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110820172801/http://www.redorbit.com/news/international/810355/crown_says_will_prove_robert_pickton_murdered_butchered_and_disposed/index.html |archive-date=August 20, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> to Leonard Francis Pickton (1896–1977) and Louise Helene Arnal (1912–1979), a family of pig farmers in ], ], {{convert|27 |km|miles|abbr=off}} east of ]. Pickton's older sister, Linda Louise Wright, was sent off to live with relatives in Vancouver as their parents thought that the family pig farm would be an inappropriate setting to raise a young girl. Robert and his younger brother, David Francis Pickton, began working at the farm at an early age, and their mother was very demanding, prioritizing the pigs over the brothers' personal hygiene, and forcing them to work long hours raising the farm's livestock.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/2007/06/17/picktons_mother_was_a_key_influence.html|title=Pickton's mother was a key influence|publisher=Toronto Star|date=June 17, 2007|access-date=August 5, 2021|archive-date=August 5, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805202908/https://www.thestar.com/news/2007/06/17/picktons_mother_was_a_key_influence.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
Louise often sent the brothers to school in unwashed dirty clothes, reeking of manure and earning them the nickname "stinky piggy" from their classmates. Robert was strongly attached to her and rarely interacted with his abusive father.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/crimebeat/serial-killer-who-fed-his-victims-to-his-pigs-b5510f1185b|title=Serial Killer Who Fed His Victims to his Pigs|publisher=Medium.com|date=December 18, 2020|access-date=June 2, 2021|archive-date=June 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603002031/https://medium.com/crimebeat/serial-killer-who-fed-his-victims-to-his-pigs-b5510f1185b|url-status=live}}</ref> He struggled in school, being put in a special class after failing grade two.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/pickton-s-personality-emerging-as-trial-goes-on-1.228571|title=Pickton's personality emerging as trial goes on|publisher=ctvnews.com|date=February 10, 2007|access-date=January 25, 2023|archive-date=January 25, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125160715/https://www.ctvnews.ca/pickton-s-personality-emerging-as-trial-goes-on-1.228571|url-status=live}}</ref> At the age of 12, he began raising a ] which became his beloved pet. Two weeks later, after not finding it after school, he was told to check the barn, and was distraught to find it slaughtered.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vancouversun.com/news/staff-blogs/young-willie-pickton-was-shattered-by-the-slaughter-of-his-pet/|title=Young Willie Pickton was shattered by the slaughter of his pet|publisher=vancouversun.com|date=August 9, 2010|access-date=January 29, 2023|archive-date=May 31, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531205424/https://vancouversun.com/news/staff-blogs/young-willie-pickton-was-shattered-by-the-slaughter-of-his-pet|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
==Murders== | |||
Over the course of three years, Hiscox noticed that women who visited the farm eventually went missing. On February 6, 2002, police executed a ] for illegal firearms at the property. Robert and David Pickton were arrested and police obtained a second warrant using what they had seen on the property to search the farm as part of the ]. Personal items belonging to missing women were found at the farm, which was sealed off by members of the joint ]–] task force. The following day, Pickton was charged with weapons offences. Both of the Picktons were later released; however Robert Pickton was kept under police surveillance. | |||
Pickton dropped out of school in 1963 and began working as a meat cutter. He continued to do so for nearly seven years before leaving to work full-time at the farm.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/the-life-of-robert-pickton/article4324660/|title=The life of Robert Pickton|publisher=theglobeandmail.com|date=December 10, 2007|access-date=January 25, 2023|archive-date=January 25, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125160716/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/the-life-of-robert-pickton/article4324660/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1978 and 1979, the parents died and the siblings inherited the pig farm, selling parts for ]5.16{{spaces}}million. Worker Bill Hiscox called the farm a "creepy-looking place" patrolled by a 612-pound ] and described Pickton as a "pretty quiet guy, hard to strike up a conversation with", whose occasional bizarre behaviour, despite no evidence of ], would draw attention.<ref name=piggy>{{cite web|url=https://crimelibrary.org/serial_killers/predators/robert_pickton/6.html|title=Piggy Palace|work=Crime Library|access-date=July 1, 2023|archive-date=July 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701164042/https://crimelibrary.org/serial_killers/predators/robert_pickton/6.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Pickton became wealthy by selling parts of his farmland to property developers as the economy of the Lower Mainland grew exponentially in the 1980s{{endash}}1990s.{{sfn|Langton|2013|p=220}} He often hosted parties at an ad hoc nightclub called Piggy's Palace, which attracted the political and economic elites of the Lower Mainland along with the Hells Angels.{{sfn|Langton|2013|p=220}} Starting in the 1990s, women living in the Lower Mainland, most notably on the impoverished Downtown Eastside of Vancouver, had started to go missing, leading to speculation in the media that a serial killer was operating.{{sfn|Langton|2013|p=220}} The majority of the missing women were Indigenous women, women with substance use disorders, and sex workers.{{sfn|Langton|2013|p=220}} | |||
On February 22, Robert Pickton was arrested and charged with two counts of ] in the deaths of Sereena Abotsway and Mona Wilson. On April 2, three more charges were added for the murders of Jacqueline McDonell, Diane Rock, and Heather Bottomley. A sixth charge for the murder of Andrea Joesbury was laid on April 9, followed shortly by a seventh for Brenda Wolfe. On September 20, four more charges were added for the slayings of Georgina Papin, Patricia Johnson, Helen Hallmark, and Jennifer Furminger. Four more charges for the murders of Heather Chinnock, Tanya Holyk, Sherry Irving, and Inga Hall were laid on October 3, bringing the total to fifteen. This was the largest investigation of any ]<!--Meaning? or the investigation that produced the most charges and identified victims? was most expensive to conduct? large in scale?-->. On May 26, 2005, 12 more charges were laid against Pickton for the killings of Cara Ellis, Andrea Borhaven, Debra Lynne Jones, Marnie Frey, Tiffany Drew, Kerry Koski, Sarah de Vries, Cynthia Feliks, Angela Jardine, Wendy Crawford, Diana Melnick, and ], bringing the total number of first-degree murder charges to 27. | |||
On March 23, 1997, Pickton was charged with the ] of ] Wendy Lynn Eistetter, whom he had stabbed 4 times during an altercation at the farm. She told police he had handcuffed her, and that she had escaped after suffering several ].<ref name=piggy/> She told them she had disarmed him and stabbed him with his weapon. He sought treatment at ], while Eistetter recovered at the nearest emergency room. | |||
Excavations continued at the farm through November 2003; the cost</s> of the investigation is estimated to have been $70 million by the end of 2003, according to the provincial government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.journalismethics.info/media_law/chronology.htm|title=Pickton Chronology|publisher=]|access-date=2013-08-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305053746/http://journalismethics.info/media_law/chronology.htm|archive-date=2016-03-05|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{As of|2015}} the property is fenced off, under ] by the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/story/2008/11/22/bc-pickton-memorial.html|title=Pickton farm should be memorial: supporters of missing women|date=2008-11-22|publisher=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/pickton-farm-nearly-forgotten-as-new-development-emerges/article6472714/ |title=Pickton farm nearly forgotten as new development emerges |date=2012-12-17 |author=Chua, Steven |publisher=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.google.com/maps/@49.2584171,-122.7408964,3a,75y,32.41h,81.14t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1s6KrfEEUIePgHkJNPEXGPfQ!2e0!7i13312!8i6656 |title=Google Maps Street View |publisher=Google Maps |date=August 2015}}</ref> In the meantime, all the buildings on the property, except a small barn, had been demolished. <!-- By the government? --> | |||
Pickton was released on ]2,000 bond and the attempted-murder charge against him was ] on January 27, 1998, because Eistetter had drug addiction issues and prosecutors believed her too unstable for her testimony to help secure a conviction. David was convicted of ] in 1992, being fined C$1,000 and given 30 days' ]. In that case the victim told police that David had attacked her in his trailer at the pig farm, but she managed to escape. Robert had also been sued three times for ] in 1988 and 1991, settling all three claims out of court.<ref name=piggy/> | |||
Forensic analysis proved difficult because the bodies may have been left to decompose, or be eaten by insects and pigs on the farm. During the early days of the excavations, forensic anthropologists brought in heavy equipment, including two 50-foot (15-metre) flat conveyor belts and soil sifters to find traces of human remains. On March 10, 2004, the government revealed that Pickton may have ground up human flesh and mixed it with pork that he sold to the public; the province's health authority later issued a warning.<ref name="'Human meat' alert at pig farm">, BBC News. Retrieved 2016-05-16.</ref><ref name="Alert issued about meat from Pickton's pig farm">, ''The Globe and Mail''. Retrieved 2015-05-16.</ref><ref name="Human remains from Pickton farm may have reached food supply">, ''The Globe and Mail''. Retrieved 2015-05-16</ref><ref name="Ottawa rates health risk from human remains in farm meat; Pickton meat warning lifts number to 2,500"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518094008/http://www.missingpeople.net/ottawa_rates_health_risk_from_hu.htm |date=2015-05-18 }} ''The Vancouver Sun'', Retrieved 2015-05-16.</ref> Another claim was made that he fed the bodies directly to his pigs.<ref name="bodies fed to pigs">. ''The Australian'', Obtained on July 31, 2018.</ref> | |||
The Pickton brothers were eventually sued by Port Coquitlam officials for violating ] ordinances—neglecting the agriculture for which it had been zoned, and having "altered a large farm building on the land for the purpose of holding dances, concerts and other recreations".<ref name=piggy/> They had begun to neglect the site's farming operations and registered a non-profit charity, the Piggy Palace Good Times Society, with the ] in 1996, claiming to "organize, co-ordinate, manage and operate special events, functions, dances, shows and exhibitions on behalf of service organizations, sports organizations and other worthy groups".<ref name=piggy/> | |||
==Preliminary inquiry== | |||
A preliminary inquiry was held in 2003, the testimony from which was covered by a ] until 2010. At the inquiry, the fact was revealed that Pickton had been charged with attempted murder in connection with the stabbing of sex worker Wendy Lynn Eistetter in 1997. Eistetter testified at the inquiry that after Pickton had driven her to the Port Coquitlam farm and had sex with her, he slapped a handcuff on her left hand and stabbed her in the abdomen. She stabbed Pickton in ]. Later, both she and Pickton were treated at the same hospital, where staff used a key they found in Pickton's pocket to remove the handcuffs from the woman's wrist. | |||
Its events included raves and wild parties featuring Vancouver sex workers and gatherings in a converted ] on the farm at 953 Dominion Avenue in Port Coquitlam. These events attracted as many as 2,000 people and members of the ] were known to frequent the farm.{{sfn|Langton|2013|p=220}} Subsequently, the Pickton brothers ignored growing legal pressure and held a 1998 New Year's Eve party, after which they were faced with an ] banning future parties; the police were "authorized to arrest and remove any person" attending future events at the farm. The society's non-profit status was removed the following year, for inability to produce financial statements. It was subsequently disbanded.<ref name=piggy/> An employee of Pickton found several purses belonging to the missing women from the Downtown Eastside and reported Pickton to the police.{{sfn|Langton|2013|p=220}} The police conducted three searches of the farm, but found no evidence.{{sfn|Langton|2013|p=220-221}} In June 1999, the police received a tip that Pickton had a freezer full of human flesh in his farmhouse, which the police ignored.{{sfn|Langton|2013|p=221}} | |||
The attempted-murder charge against Pickton was ] on January 27, 1998, because the woman had drug addiction issues and prosecutors believed her too unstable for her testimony to help secure a conviction. The clothes and rubber boots Pickton had been wearing that evening were seized by police and left in an RCMP storage locker for more than seven years. Not until 2004 did lab testing show that the DNA of two missing women was on the items seized from Pickton in 1997.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Vancouver Sun |author=Lori Culbert |date=2010-08-04 |accessdate=2010-08-04 |title=Pickton murders: Bloody knife fight left one victim barely alive; the victim later on died. SWAGG |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/Bloody+knife+fight+left+victim+barely+alive/3360157/story.html}}</ref> | |||
==Discovery and investigation== | |||
In 1998, according to Vancouver police detective constable ], Shenher learned of a call made to a police tip phoneline stating that Pickton should be investigated in the case of the women's disappearances. According to Shenher's account, described at length in his 2015 book about the case, he struggled to attract sufficient police resources and attention to the case until the 2002 search of Pickton's farm by the RCMP.<ref>Wendy Stueck, . ''The Globe and Mail'', September 4, 2015</ref> | |||
On February 6, 2002, police executed a ] for illegal firearms at the Pickton property. Both Pickton brothers were arrested and police obtained a second warrant using what they had seen on the property to search the farm as part of the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://crimelibrary.org/serial_killers/predators/robert_pickton/7.html|title=Limbo|work=Crime Library|access-date=July 1, 2023|archive-date=July 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701164041/https://crimelibrary.org/serial_killers/predators/robert_pickton/7.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://crimelibrary.org/serial_killers/predators/robert_pickton/10.html|title=The Abyss|work=Crime Library|access-date=July 1, 2023|archive-date=July 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701164042/https://crimelibrary.org/serial_killers/predators/robert_pickton/10.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Personal items belonging to missing women were found at the farm, which was sealed off by members of the joint ]–] task force. The following day, Pickton was charged with weapons offences. Both Picktons were later released and Robert was kept under ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://crimelibrary.org/serial_killers/predators/robert_pickton/9.html|title=The Body Farm|work=Crime Library|access-date=July 1, 2023|archive-date=July 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701164040/https://crimelibrary.org/serial_killers/predators/robert_pickton/9.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
On February 22, 2002, Robert Pickton was arrested again and charged with two counts of ] in the deaths of Sereena Abotsway and Mona Wilson.<ref name=worst>{{cite web|url=https://crimelibrary.org/serial_killers/predators/robert_pickton/11.html|title=Worst Canadian Serial Killer|work=Crime Library|access-date=July 1, 2023|archive-date=July 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701164043/https://crimelibrary.org/serial_killers/predators/robert_pickton/11.html|url-status=live}}</ref> On April 2, three more charges were added for the murders of Jacqueline McDonell, Dianne Rock, and Heather Bottomley. A sixth for the murder of Andrea Joesbury was laid on April 9, followed shortly by a seventh for Brenda Wolfe.<ref name=worst/> On September 20, four more were added for Georgina Papin, Patricia Johnson, Helen Hallmark, and Jennifer Furminger. Another four for Heather Chinnock, Tanya Holyk, Sherry Irving, and Inga Hall were laid on October 3.<ref name=worst/> On May 26, 2005, 12 more came for Cara Ellis, Andrea Borhaven, Debra Lynne Jones, Marnie Frey, Tiffany Drew, Kerry Koski, Sarah de Vries, Cynthia Feliks, Angela Jardine, Wendy Crawford, Diana Melnick, and ], bringing the total to 27.<ref name=worst/> | |||
In 1999, Canadian police had received a tip that Pickton had a freezer filled with human flesh on his farm. Although they interviewed Pickton, who denied killing the missing women,<ref>{{Cite news | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-38796464 | title = Why I failed to catch Canada's worst serial killer | authorlink = Joanna Jolly | last = Jolly | first = Joanna | date = 2017-06-01 | work = ] | access-date = 2017-08-15 | language = en-GB}}</ref> and obtained his consent to search his farm, the police never conducted one.<ref>Sandro Contenta . ''Global Post'', June 15, 2011</ref> | |||
Excavations continued at the farm through November 2003; the cost of the investigation is estimated to have been ]70{{spaces}}million by the end of 2003, according to the provincial government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.journalismethics.info/media_law/chronology.htm|title=Pickton Chronology|publisher=]|access-date=August 14, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305053746/http://journalismethics.info/media_law/chronology.htm|archive-date=March 5, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> The property was fenced off under ] by the ] and remained so as-of 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/pickton-farm-should-be-memorial-supporters-of-missing-women-1.706131|title=Pickton farm should be memorial: supporters of missing women|date=November 22, 2008|publisher=]|access-date=August 14, 2013|archive-date=May 31, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531205435/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/pickton-farm-should-be-memorial-supporters-of-missing-women-1.706131|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/pickton-farm-nearly-forgotten-as-new-development-emerges/article6472714/ |title=Pickton farm nearly forgotten as new development emerges |date=December 17, 2012 |last=Chua |first=Steven |publisher=] |access-date=September 10, 2017 |archive-date=May 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516024110/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/pickton-farm-nearly-forgotten-as-new-development-emerges/article6472714/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.google.com/maps/@49.2583628,-122.7410811,3a,75y,343.3h,92.37t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sORZnOYoGI2RcFhT2PWNXiw!2e0!7i16384!8i8192 |title=Google Maps Street View |publisher=Google Maps |date=April 2023 |access-date=June 3, 2024 |archive-date=August 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818202352/https://www.google.com/maps/@49.2584171,-122.7408964,3a,75y,32.41h,81.14t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1s6KrfEEUIePgHkJNPEXGPfQ!2e0!7i13312!8i6656 |url-status=live}}</ref> In the meantime, all the buildings on the property, except a small barn, had been demolished. ] proved difficult because the bodies may have been left to decompose, or be eaten by insects and pigs on the farm. | |||
==Trial== | |||
<!--NOTE: Pickton's trial started on JANUARY 30 2006 per the reference RIGHT AFTER THE DATE. The jury portion of the trial started on JANUARY 22 2007.--> | |||
Pickton's trial began on January 30, 2006 in ].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2006/01/29/pickton-trial060129.html|title=Pickton trial to start Monday|publisher=]|date=2006-01-30|accessdate=2007-01-21}}</ref> Pickton pleaded not guilty to 27 charges of first-degree murder in the ]. The ] phase of the trial took most of the year to determine what evidence might be admitted before the jury. Reporters were not allowed to disclose any of the material presented in the arguments. On March 2, one of the 27 counts was rejected by Justice James Williams for lack of evidence.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2006/03/02/pickton-charges060302.html|title=1 of 27 murder charges against Pickton thrown out|publisher=]|date=2006-03-02|accessdate=2006-10-01}}</ref> | |||
During the early days of the excavations, forensic anthropologists brought in heavy equipment, including two 50-foot (15-metre) flat conveyor belts and soil sifters to find traces of human remains. On March 10, 2004, the government revealed that Pickton may have ground up human flesh and mixed it with pork that he sold to the public; the province's health authority later issued a warning.<ref name="'Human meat' alert at pig farm"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518104039/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3500890.stm |date=May 18, 2015 }}, BBC News. Retrieved May 16, 2016.</ref><ref name="Alert issued about meat from Pickton's pig farm"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170303015216/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/alert-issued-about-meat-from-picktons-pig-farm/article1129163/ |date=March 3, 2017 }}, ''The Globe and Mail''. Retrieved May 16, 2015.</ref><ref name="Human remains from Pickton farm may have reached food supply"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170303012912/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/human-remains-from-pickton-farm-may-have-reached-food-supply/article1129161/ |date=March 3, 2017 }}, ''The Globe and Mail''. Retrieved May 16, 2015</ref> Another claim was made that he fed the bodies directly to his pigs.<ref name="bodies fed to pigs"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731153621/https://www.news.com.au/news/butchered-like-animals/news-story/87f181e7442437d9cc3f6183c871987d |date=July 31, 2018 }}. ''The Australian'', Obtained on July 31, 2018.</ref> In 2003, a ] was held and the clothes and rubber boots that Pickton had been wearing during the Eistetter assault were seized by police from an RCMP storage locker. In 2004, lab testing showed that the DNA of two women (Borhaven and Ellis) were on the items.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Vancouver Sun |first=Lori |last=Culbert |date=August 4, 2010 |access-date=August 4, 2010 |title=Pickton murders: Bloody knife fight left one victim barely alive; the victim later on died. |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/Bloody+knife+fight+left+victim+barely+alive/3360157/story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200122120306/https://vancouversun.com/news/Bloody+knife+fight+left+victim+barely+alive/3360157/story.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 22, 2020 }}</ref><ref>Wendy Stueck, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170526125222/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/former-vancouver-detective-pens-memoir-on-robert-pickton-case/article26223493/ |date=May 26, 2017 }}. ''The Globe and Mail'', September 4, 2015</ref><ref>{{Cite news | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-38796464 | title = Why I failed to catch Canada's worst serial killer | last = Jolly | first = Joanna | date = June 1, 2017 | work = ] | access-date = August 15, 2017 | language = en-GB | archive-date = August 11, 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170811104516/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-38796464? | url-status = live }}</ref> | |||
On August 9, Justice Williams severed the charges, splitting them into one group of six counts and another group of 20 counts.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2006/08/09/pickton-charges.html |author=CBC News |title=Pickton to be initially tried on six counts of murder |date=2006-08-09 |accessdate=2010-08-04 |quote=Geoffrey Gaul, a spokesman for the Crown, said his office will have to consider its next move. "Which should go first? Should we go to trial with those six counts or should we look at the other 20 and should we proceed on those 20 or should we proceed on a number of those 20? Those are discretionary calls that the prosecution will make."}}</ref> The trial proceeded on the group of six counts. The remaining 20 counts could have been heard in a separate trial, but ultimately were stayed on August 4, 2010.<ref name="Chad Skelton">{{cite web |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/Crown+drops+remaining+murder+charges+against+Pickton/3360046/story.html |author=Chad Skelton |publisher=The Vancouver Sun |accessdate=2010-08-04 |date=2010-08-04 |title=Pickton won't face remaining 20 murder charges}}</ref> Because of the publication ban, full details of the decision are not publicly available; but the judge has explained that trying all 26 charges at once would put an unreasonable burden on the jury, as the trial could last up to two years. It also would have had an increased chance for a ]. The judge added that the six counts he chose had "materially different" evidence from the other 20.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2006/08/09/pickton-charges.html|title=Pickton to be initially tried on 6 counts of murder|publisher=]|date=2006-08-09|accessdate=2006-10-01}}</ref> Office of Inspector General Senior Investigator R.J. McDougald was case agent for the investigation. | |||
==Trial== | |||
The date for the jury trial of the first six counts was initially set to start January 8, 2007, but was later postponed to January 22.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/5329518.stm|title=Two trials for Canada pig farmer|publisher=BBC News|date=2006-09-09|accessdate=2006-09-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/features/pickton/story.html?id=721576b4-58d5-42a6-b2c4-a6e75ac8040b&k=24522|title=Pickton trial to be delayed two weeks|publisher=]|date=2006-12-18|accessdate=2007-01-21|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071123065638/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/features/pickton/story.html?id=721576b4-58d5-42a6-b2c4-a6e75ac8040b&k=24522|archivedate=2007-11-23}}</ref> On that date, Pickton faced first-degree murder charges in the deaths of Frey, Abotsway, Papin, Joesbury, Wolfe and Wilson. The media ban was lifted, and for the first time Canadians heard the details of what was found during the long investigation: skulls cut in half with hands and feet stuffed inside; the remains of one victim found stuffed in a garbage bag, and her blood-stained clothing found in Pickton's trailer; part of another victim's jawbone and teeth found beside Pickton's ]; and a .22 calibre<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/world/court-hears-of-canadian-pig-farmers-claim-to-49-murders/2007/01/23/1169518709859.html|title= Court hears of Canadian pig farmer's claim to 49 murders|publisher=]|date=2007-01-24|accessdate=2007-02-04 | location=Melbourne|first1=Deborah|last1=Jones}}</ref> revolver with an attached ] containing both his and a victim's DNA.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/americas/01/22/canada.trial.ap/index.html|title= Prosecutors: Pig farmer confessed to 49 killings|publisher=CNN|date=2007-01-22|accessdate=2007-01-23 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070124185559/http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/americas/01/22/canada.trial.ap/index.html |archivedate = January 24, 2007}}</ref> In a videotaped recording played for the jury, Pickton claimed to have attached the dildo to his weapon as a makeshift silencer.<ref name="bodies fed to pigs" /> | |||
Pickton's trial began on January 30, 2006, in ].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/pickton-trial-to-start-monday-1.618362|title=Pickton trial to start Monday|publisher=]|date=January 30, 2006|access-date=January 21, 2007|archive-date=May 10, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080510051247/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2006/01/29/pickton-trial060129.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Pickton pleaded not guilty to the 27 charges of first-degree murder in the ]. The '']'' phase of the trial took most of the year to determine what evidence might be admitted before the jury. Reporters were not allowed to disclose any of the material presented in the arguments. On March 17, one of the counts was rejected by Justice James Williams for lack of evidence.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/1-of-27-murder-charges-against-pickton-thrown-out-1.569937|title=1 of 27 murder charges against Pickton thrown out|publisher=]|date=March 2, 2006|access-date=October 1, 2006|archive-date=February 12, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070212084246/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2006/03/02/pickton-charges060302.html|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 9, Justice Williams severed the charges, splitting them into one group of six counts and another of twenty.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/pickton-to-be-initially-tried-on-6-counts-of-murder-1.601605 |website=CBC |title=Pickton to be initially tried on six counts of murder |date=August 9, 2006 |access-date=August 4, 2010 |quote=Geoffrey Gaul, a spokesman for the Crown, said his office will have to consider its next move. "Which should go first? Should we go to trial with those six counts or should we look at the other 20 and should we proceed on those 20 or should we proceed on a number of those 20? Those are discretionary calls that the prosecution will make." |archive-date=May 10, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080510193124/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2006/08/09/pickton-charges.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
The trial proceeded on the group of six counts. The remaining 20 were stayed on August 4, 2010.<ref name="Chad Skelton">{{cite web |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/Crown+drops+remaining+murder+charges+against+Pickton/3360046/story.html |first=Chad |last=Skelton |publisher=The Vancouver Sun |access-date=August 4, 2010 |date=August 4, 2010 |title=Pickton won't face remaining 20 murder charges |archive-date=February 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222132118/https://vancouversun.com/news/Crown+drops+remaining+murder+charges+against+Pickton/3360046/story.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/capress/pickton_verdict|title=Robert Pickton found guilty of six counts of second degree murder|date=December 9, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213070251/http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/capress/pickton_verdict|archive-date=December 13, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | |||
As of February 20, 2007, the following information has been presented to the court:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canada.com/nationalpost/story.html?id=20941e5e-aae7-4c73-87bb-fbbb484e08d5&k=0|title=Horrors of Pickton trial revealed in graphic detail|publisher=]|date=2007-02-20|accessdate=2007-02-22|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071123065221/http://www.canada.com/nationalpost/story.html?id=20941e5e-aae7-4c73-87bb-fbbb484e08d5&k=0|archivedate=2007-11-23}}</ref> | |||
|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/2nd-pickton-trial-may-not-go-ahead-families-told-1.701904 | |||
*During Pickton's trial, lab staff testified that about 80 unidentified DNA profiles, roughly half male and half female, have been detected on evidence. | |||
|title=2nd Pickton trial may not go ahead, families told | |||
*The items police found inside Pickton's trailer: A loaded .22 revolver with a ] over the barrel and one round fired, boxes of ] handgun ammunition, ], two pairs of faux fur-lined handcuffs, a ] with three millilitres of blue liquid inside, and "]" ]. | |||
|date=February 26, 2008 | |||
*A videotape of Pickton's friend Scott Chubb saying Pickton had told him a good way to kill a female heroin addict was to inject her with ]. A second tape was played for Pickton, in which an associate named Andrew Bellwood said Pickton mentioned killing sex workers by handcuffing and strangling them, then bleeding and gutting them before feeding them to pigs. | |||
|access-date=March 15, 2020 | |||
*Photos of the contents of a garbage can found in Pickton's slaughterhouse, which held some remains of Mona Wilson. | |||
|archive-date=August 18, 2023 | |||
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818202355/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/2nd-pickton-trial-may-not-go-ahead-families-told-1.701904 | |||
|url-status=live | |||
}}</ref> Because of the publication ban, full details of the decision were not made publicly available, but Justice Williams explained that trying all 26 charges at once would put an unreasonable burden on the jury as the trial could have lasted up to two years; it would also have increased the possibility of ].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/pickton-to-be-initially-tried-on-6-counts-of-murder-1.601605|title=Pickton to be initially tried on 6 counts of murder|publisher=]|date=August 9, 2006|access-date=October 1, 2006|archive-date=February 12, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070212082529/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2006/08/09/pickton-charges.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
The initial date for the jury trial on the first six counts was January 8, 2007, but it was postponed to January 22.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/5329518.stm|title=Two trials for Canada pig farmer|publisher=BBC News|date=September 9, 2006|access-date=September 9, 2006|archive-date=December 15, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215045212/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/5329518.stm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/features/pickton/story.html?id=721576b4-58d5-42a6-b2c4-a6e75ac8040b&k=24522|title=Pickton trial to be delayed two weeks|publisher=]|date=December 18, 2006|access-date=January 21, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071123065638/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/features/pickton/story.html?id=721576b4-58d5-42a6-b2c4-a6e75ac8040b&k=24522|archive-date=November 23, 2007}}</ref> On that date, Pickton faced ] charges in the deaths of Frey, Abotsway, Papin, Joesbury, Wolfe, and Wilson. The media ban was eventually lifted, and the details of what was found during the investigation were publicly released:<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Jones|first=Deborah|date=January 26, 2007|title=The Case of the Serial Killer|language=en-US|magazine=Time|url=http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1582656,00.html|access-date=February 13, 2021|issn=0040-781X|archive-date=April 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411183626/http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1582656,00.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/world/court-hears-of-canadian-pig-farmers-claim-to-49-murders/2007/01/23/1169518709859.html|title=Court hears of Canadian pig farmer's claim to 49 murders|publisher=]|date=January 24, 2007|access-date=February 4, 2007|location=Melbourne|first1=Deborah|last1=Jones|archive-date=January 25, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070125162648/http://www.theage.com.au/news/world/court-hears-of-canadian-pig-farmers-claim-to-49-murders/2007/01/23/1169518709859.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/americas/01/22/canada.trial.ap/index.html|title= Prosecutors: Pig farmer confessed to 49 killings|publisher=CNN|date=January 22, 2007|access-date=January 23, 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070124185559/http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/americas/01/22/canada.trial.ap/index.html |archive-date = January 24, 2007}}</ref> | |||
In October 2007, a juror was accused of having made up her mind already that Pickton was innocent. The trial judge questioned the juror, saying, "It's reported to me you said from what you had seen you were certain Mr. Pickton was innocent, there was no way he could have done this. That the court system had arrested the wrong guy." The juror denied this completely. Justice Williams ruled that she could remain on the jury since it had not been proven she made the statements.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/Juror+hauled+before+judge+partway+through+trial/3360199/story.html |author=Lori Culbert |date=2010-08-04 |accessdate=2010-08-05 |title=Juror hauled before the judge partway through Pickton trial}}</ref> | |||
*During Pickton's trial, lab staff testified that about eighty unidentified ], roughly half male and half female, have been detected on evidence.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=]|date=December 7, 2007|access-date=December 7, 2007|title=Judge suspends Pickton jury deliberations|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/judge-in-pickton-trial-admits-to-error-1.639219|archive-date=May 18, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518023113/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/judge-in-pickton-trial-admits-to-error-1.639219|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
*A loaded .22 revolver with a ] over the barrel and one round fired, boxes of ] handgun ammunition, ], two pairs of faux fur-lined handcuffs, a ] with three millilitres of blue liquid inside, and "]" ] were found inside Pickton's trailer. In a videotaped recording played for the jury, Pickton claimed to have attached the dildo to his weapon as a makeshift silencer; this explanation was impractical at best, as revolvers are near-impossible to silence in this manner.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Fong|first1=Petti|title=Error shakes Pickton trial {{!}} Toronto Star|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2007/12/07/error_shakes_pickton_trial.html|website=Star|access-date=April 5, 2018|language=en|date=December 7, 2007|archive-date=November 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201103201805/https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2007/12/07/error_shakes_pickton_trial.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
*A videotape of Pickton's friend Scott Chubb saying Pickton had told him a good way to kill a female ] was to inject her with ]. A second tape was played for Pickton, in which an associate named Andrew Bellwood said Pickton mentioned killing ] by handcuffing and strangling them, then bleeding and gutting them before feeding them to pigs. | |||
*Photos of the contents of a garbage can found in Pickton's slaughterhouse, which held some remains of victim Mona Wilson.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/Juror+hauled+before+judge+partway+through+trial/3360199/story.html |first=Lori |last=Culbert |date=August 4, 2010 |access-date=August 5, 2010 |title=Juror hauled before the judge partway through Pickton trial |archive-date=August 6, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100806210834/http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Juror+hauled+before+judge+partway+through+trial/3360199/story.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
On December 9, 2007, the jury |
On December 9, 2007, the jury found Pickton not guilty on six counts of first-degree murder, but he was found guilty on six counts of second-degree murder.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/pickton-guilty-on-6-counts-of-second-degree-murder/article20406736/ |title=Pickton guilty on 6 counts of second-degree murder |first1=Rod |last1=Mickleburgh |first2=Robert |last2=Matas |work=The Globe and Mail |date=December 9, 2007 |location=Toronto |access-date=June 2, 2018 |archive-date=May 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170518122946/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/pickton-guilty-on-6-counts-of-second-degree-murder/article20406736/? |url-status=live }}</ref> On December 11, 2007, after reading eighteen ]s, ] Judge Justice James Williams sentenced Pickton to ] with no possibility of parole for 25 years—the maximum punishment for ]—and equal to the sentence which would have been imposed for a first-degree murder conviction, stating: "Mr. Pickton's conduct was murderous and repeatedly so. I cannot know the details but I know this: What happened to them was senseless and despicable."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/pickton-gets-maximum-sentence-for-murders-1.650944 |title=Pickton gets maximum sentence for murders |date=December 12, 2007 |website=CBC |access-date=March 15, 2020 |archive-date=June 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627141840/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/pickton-gets-maximum-sentence-for-murders-1.650944 |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
==Victims== | |||
==British Columbia Court of Appeal== | |||
On December 9, 2007, Pickton was convicted of ] in the deaths of six women: | |||
The B.C. Court of Appeal rendered judgment in June 2009 on two appeals, one brought by the Crown (prosecution) and the other brought by the defense. | |||
* Count One: Sereena Abotsway,<ref>{{cite news|title=Daughter phoned daily for 13 years |url=http://www.missingpeople.net/cgi-bin/2002/sereen_abotsway-2002.htm |last1=Fournier|first1=Suzanne |last2=Fraser |first2=Keith |last3=Jiwa |first3=Salim |date=February 26, 2002 |publisher=The Province |access-date=May 29, 2007 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070623025332/http://www.missingpeople.net/cgi-bin/2002/sereen_abotsway-2002.htm |archive-date=June 23, 2007 }}</ref> 29, reported missing on August 22, 2001 | |||
* Count Two: Mona Lee Wilson,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sister trapped by drugs, prostitution |url=http://www.missingpeople.net/mona_wilson_found_2002.htm |last1=Fong |first1=Petti |last2=Kines |first2=Lindsay |publisher=] |date=February 26, 2002 |access-date=May 29, 2007 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070608151822/http://www.missingpeople.net/mona_wilson_found_2002.htm |archive-date=June 8, 2007 }}</ref> 26, reported missing on November 30, 2001 | |||
* Count Six: Andrea Joesbury, 22, reported missing June 8, 2001 | |||
* Count Seven: Brenda Ann Wolfe,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/women/brenda_ann_wolfe-last_seen_feb_1999.htm |title=Brenda Ann Wolfe-last seen Feb 1999 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927160154/http://www.missingpeople.net/women/brenda_ann_wolfe-last_seen_feb_1999.htm |archive-date=September 27, 2011 }}</ref> 32, reported missing on April 25, 2000 | |||
* Count Eleven: Georgina Faith Papin, 34, reported missing in March 2001 | |||
* Count Sixteen: Marnie Lee Anne Frey,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/cgi-bin/2002/sereen_abotsway-2002.htm |title=Daughter phoned daily for 13 years |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070623025332/http://www.missingpeople.net/cgi-bin/2002/sereen_abotsway-2002.htm |archive-date=June 23, 2007 }}</ref> 24, reported missing on December 29, 1997 | |||
Pickton also stood accused of ] in the deaths of 21 other women. These charges were stayed on August 4, 2010:<ref name="Chad Skelton" /> | |||
===Crown appeal=== | |||
* Count Three: Jacquelene Michelle McDonell,<ref>{{cite news | title = 'Bright young woman' among victims | url = http://www.missingpeople.net/bright_young_woman_among_victims-apr_3,_2002.htm | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20020411134459/http://www.missingpeople.net/bright_young_woman_among_victims-apr_3,_2002.htm | url-status = usurped | archive-date = April 11, 2002 | author-link = Michael Friscolanti | first = Michael | last = Friscolanti | date = April 3, 2002 | publisher = National Post | access-date = May 29, 2007 }}</ref> 22, reported missing on January 16, 1999 | |||
On January 7, 2008, the Attorney General filed an appeal in the ], against Pickton's acquittals on the first-degree murder charges.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/crown-seeks-new-trial-for-pickton-1.740885 | accessdate=2008-01-10 |date=2008-01-07 |title=Crown seeks new trial for Pickton |author=CBC News}}</ref> The grounds of appeal relate to a number of evidentiary rulings made by the trial judge, certain aspects of the trial judge's ], and the ruling to sever the six charges Pickton was tried on from the remaining twenty.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/News/Canada/article/291715 | accessdate=2008-01-07 |date=2008-01-07 |title=Crown appeals Pickton's convictions |author=The Toronto Star | work=The Star}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/bc/news/bc-080109-picktoncrownappeal.pdf |accessdate=2008-01-10 |date=2008-01-07 |title=Notice of Appeal (Crown Appeal Against Acquittal)|format=PDF | work=CBC News}}</ref> | |||
* Count Four: Dianne Rosemary Rock,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/bringng_home_diane%27s_life-apr_5,_2002.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020612071716/http://www.missingpeople.net/bringng_home_diane%27s_life-apr_5,_2002.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=June 12, 2002 |title=Bringng home Dianne's life-Apr 5, 2002 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> 34, reported missing on December 13, 2001 | |||
* Count Five: Heather Kathleen Bottomley,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/crown_adds_three_more_murder_charge-apr_2,_2002.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020411150238/http://www.missingpeople.net/crown_adds_three_more_murder_charge-apr_2,_2002.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=April 11, 2002 |title=Crown adds three more murder charges against pig farmer-Apr 2, 2002 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> 27, reported missing on April 17, 2001 | |||
* Count Eight: Jennifer Lynn Furminger, 28, reported missing on December 27, 1999 | |||
* Count Nine: Helen Mae Hallmark,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/women/helenh.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020617052019/http://www.missingpeople.net/women/helenh.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=June 17, 2002 |title=Helen Mae Hallmark |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date=January 1, 2007 |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> 20, reported missing on June 15, 1997 | |||
* Count Ten: Patricia Rose Johnson,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/remembering_patti.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030901041634/http://www.missingpeople.net/remembering_patti.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=September 1, 2003 |title=Patricia Rose Johnson |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> 25, reported missing on January 2, 2001 | |||
* Count Twelve: Heather Gabrielle Chinnock,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/pickton-charged-with-four-more-murders-in-b-c-missing-women-case-1.309188 |title=Pickton charged with four more murders in B.C. missing women case |publisher=cbc.ca |access-date=October 2, 2002 |archive-date=February 1, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201050432/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/pickton-charged-with-four-more-murders-in-b-c-missing-women-case-1.309188 |url-status=live }}</ref> 30, last seen in April 2001 | |||
* Count Thirteen: Tanya Holyk, 23, reported missing on November 3, 1996 | |||
* Count Fourteen: Sherry Leigh Irving,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/alleged_pickton_victim_schooled-oct_2002.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021208180513/http://missingpeople.net/alleged_pickton_victim_schooled-oct_2002.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=December 8, 2002 |title=Alleged Pickton victim schooled in Comox Valley-Oct 2002 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> 24, reported missing on February 22, 1997 | |||
* Count Fifteen: Inga Monique Hall,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/women/ingahall.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020410211714/http://missingpeople.net/women/ingahall.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=April 10, 2002 |title=Inga Monique Hall |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date=January 1, 2007 |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> 46, last seen in February 1998 | |||
* Count Seventeen: Tiffany Louise Drew, 27, reported missing on December 31, 1999 | |||
* Count Eighteen: Sarah Jean de Vries, 29,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/missing_woman%27s_dna_located_sarah_devries_identified-aug_8,_2002.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021208184224/http://missingpeople.net/missing_woman%27s_dna_located_sarah_devries_identified-aug_8,_2002.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=December 8, 2002 |title=Missing woman's DNA located, Police say Sarah deVries identified-Aug 8, 2002 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> last seen in April 1998 | |||
* Count Nineteen: Cynthia "Cindy" Feliks,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/pictures_provide_the_clues_to_a.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060914023055/http://missingpeople.net/pictures_provide_the_clues_to_a.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=September 14, 2006 |title=Pictures provide the clues to a daughter's lost life |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> 43, last seen in December 1997 | |||
* Count Twenty: Angela Rebecca Jardine, 27, reported missing on November 20, 1998<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/women/angela.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020617052910/http://www.missingpeople.net/women/angela.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=June 17, 2002 |title=Angela Rebecca Jardine |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref><ref name="Lupick">{{Cite book|last=Lupick|first=Travis|title=Fighting For Space: How a Group of Drug Users Transformed One City's Struggle With Addiction|publisher=Arsenal Pulp Press|year=2017|isbn=978-1-55152-712-3|location=Vancouver|pages=144–145|oclc=1005092569}}</ref> | |||
* Count Twenty-One: Diana Melnick, 23,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/women/diana.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020617051242/http://www.missingpeople.net/women/diana.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=June 17, 2002 |title=Diana Melnick |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date=January 1, 2007 |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> last seen in December 1995 | |||
* Count Twenty-Two: Mission ], discovered on February 25, 1995 | |||
* Count Twenty-Three: Debra Lynne Jones,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/debra_lynne_jones-last_seen_dec_21,_2000.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011020224025/http://www.missingpeople.net/debra_lynne_jones-last_seen_dec_21,_2000.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=October 20, 2001 |title=Debra Lynne Jones-last seen Dec 21, 2000 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> 42, last seen in December 2000 | |||
* Count Twenty-Four: Wendy Crawford, 43, last seen in December 1999 | |||
* Count Twenty-Five: Kerry Lynn Koski, 38, reported missing on January 7, 1998 | |||
* Count Twenty-Six: Andrea Fay Borhaven, 25,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/women/andrea.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020410203136/http://missingpeople.net/women/andrea.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=April 10, 2002 |title=Andrea Fay Borhaven |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date=January 1, 2007 |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> last seen in March 1997 | |||
* Count Twenty-Seven: Cara Louise Ellis,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/cara_louise_ellis.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041011190740/http://www.missingpeople.net/cara_louise_ellis.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=October 11, 2004 |title=Cara Louise Ellis last seen in 1997 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> 25,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/task_force_adds_four_missing_wom.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040116004325/http://www.missingpeople.net/task_force_adds_four_missing_wom.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=January 16, 2004 |title=Task force adds four missing women-Nov 20, 2003 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> reported missing on January 21, 1997 | |||
Pickton was implicated in the deaths of but not charged with the murders of three women: | |||
Some relatives of the victims in the case were taken aback by the announcement of a Crown appeal, especially because Attorney-General ] had said a few days earlier that the prosecution would likely ''not'' appeal.<ref>{{cite news |title=Defence appeal in Pickton case a 'no-brainer' |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20080104.BCPICKTON04/TPStory/National |accessdate=2008-01-10 |date=2008-01-04 |author=] |work=The Globe and Mail |location=Toronto |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080107104634/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20080104.BCPICKTON04/TPStory/National |archivedate=2008-01-07 }}</ref> Although Pickton had been acquitted on the first-degree murder charges, he was convicted of second-degree murder and received the same sentence as he would have on first-degree murder convictions. The relatives of the victims expressed concern that the convictions would be jeopardized if the Crown argued that the trial judge had made errors. Opposition critic ] criticized the Attorney-General for not having briefed the victims' families in advance.<ref name="Vancouver_Sun_2008-01-07">{{cite web |url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=5940eb9e-e9ec-4041-9a3a-33e86fadf735 |accessdate=2008-01-10 |date=2008-01-07 |title=Crown happy with Pickton verdict, despite appeal |work=Vancouver Sun |author=Lori Culbert |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108061829/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=5940eb9e-e9ec-4041-9a3a-33e86fadf735 |archivedate=2012-11-08 }}</ref> | |||
* Mary Ann Clark,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20061012/robert_pickton_061012/20061012?hub=Canada |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061021031227/http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20061012/robert_pickton_061012/20061012?hub=Canada |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 21, 2006 |date=October 12, 2006 |title=RCMP: Pickton suspect in death of Victoria woman |agency=Canadian Press}}</ref> 25, disappeared in August 1991. | |||
* Yvonne Marie Boen,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/2002-2/yvonne_marie_boen-mar_28,_2002.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030101083959/http://www.missingpeople.net/2002-2/yvonne_marie_boen-mar_28,_2002.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=January 1, 2003 |title=Yvonne Marie Boen-Mar 28, 2002 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> 33, reported missing on March 16, 2001 | |||
* Dawn Teresa Crey,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/pickton_farm_yields_23rd_woman.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040118170725/http://www.missingpeople.net/pickton_farm_yields_23rd_woman.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=January 18, 2004 |title=Pickton farm yields 23rd woman's DNA-Jan 16, 2004 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |access-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref> 42, last seen in December 2000<ref name="CM">{{cite journal|last=de Vos|first=Gail|date=January 11, 2008|title=Finding Dawn|journal=Canadian Materials|volume=XIV|issue=10|url=http://www.umanitoba.ca/outreach/cm/vol14/no10/findingdawn.html|access-date=November 26, 2009|archive-date=February 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218193008/http://www.umanitoba.ca/outreach/cm/vol14/no10/findingdawn.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="NFB.ca">{{cite web|url=http://www.nfb.ca/film/finding_dawn|title=Finding Dawn|last=Welsh|first=Christine|year=2006|work=Documentary film|publisher=National Film Board of Canada|access-date=November 26, 2009|archive-date=October 1, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001013040/http://www.nfb.ca/film/finding_dawn/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
After Pickton was arrested,<ref>{{Cite web|first=Ken|last=MacQueen|date=August 13, 2010|title=How serial killer Robert Pickton slipped away|url=https://www.macleans.ca/news/canada/how-a-serial-killer-slipped-away/|access-date=June 25, 2021|website=Macleans.ca|language=en|archive-date=June 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625132816/https://www.macleans.ca/news/canada/how-a-serial-killer-slipped-away/|url-status=live}}</ref> witness Lynn Ellingsen came forward to authorities claiming to have seen Pickton skinning a woman hanging from a ] years earlier and claimed she had not told anyone about it out of fear of losing her life.<ref name="King, Gary 2009">King, Gary. (2009). ''Butcher''. New York: Kensington Publishing.</ref> However, Ellingsen admitted she had blackmailed Pickton about the incident on more than one occasion.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2011/11/22/robert-pickton-inquiry-senior-vancouver-police-refused-ownership-of-case-court-hears|title=Robert Pickton Inquiry|access-date=December 21, 2013|archive-date=May 31, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531205425/https://nationalpost.com/category/news/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
Oppal apologized to the victims' families for not informing them of the appeal before it was announced to the general public.<ref name="Vancouver_Sun_2008-01-07"/><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/oppal-apologizes/article17977804/ |accessdate=2008-01-10 |date=2008-01-08 |title=Oppal apologizes |author=Canadian Press |work=The Globe and Mail |location=Toronto }}</ref> Oppal also said that the appeal was filed largely for "strategic" reasons, in anticipation of an appeal by the defence. The prosecution’s rationale was that ''if'' Pickton appeals his convictions, and ''if'' that appeal is allowed, resulting in a new trial, the prosecution will want to hold that new trial on the original 26 charges of first-degree murder. But the Crown would be precluded from doing so unless it had successfully appealed the original acquittals on the first-degree murder charges, and the severance of the 26 counts into one group of six and one group of twenty.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://africa.reuters.com/world/news/usnN07423176.html |accessdate=2008-01-10 |date=2008-01-07 |title=Surprise appeal in Canadian serial killer case |author=Allan Dowd |work=Reuters |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20070621081243/http://africa.reuters.com/world/news/usnN07423176.html |archivedate=2007-06-21 }}</ref> | |||
The victims' children filed a civil lawsuit in May 2013 against the Vancouver Police Department, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and the Crown for failing to protect the victims.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/children-of-alleged-pickton-victims-launch-civil-lawsuit-1.1319184 |title=Children of alleged Pickton victims launch civil lawsuit |date=May 9, 2013 |publisher=CBC News |access-date=December 2, 2015 |archive-date=December 14, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151214183921/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/children-of-alleged-pickton-victims-launch-civil-lawsuit-1.1319184 |url-status=live }}</ref> They reached a settlement in March 2014, and each child was compensated C$50,000 ({{Inflation|index=CA|value=50000|start_year=2014|r=0|fmt=eq|cursign=C$}}), without admission of liability.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/strong-solid-settlement-sees-thirteen-of-serial-killer-robert-picktons-victims-children-get-50000-each |title='Strong, solid' settlement sees thirteen of serial killer Robert Pickton's victims' children get $50,000 each |date=March 17, 2014 |publisher=National Post |access-date=October 4, 2018 |archive-date=May 31, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531205425/https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/strong-solid-settlement-sees-thirteen-of-serial-killer-robert-picktons-victims-children-get-50000-each |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
Under the applicable rules of court,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.qp.gov.bc.ca/statreg/reg/C/CriminalCode/145_86.htm |accessdate=2008-01-10 |title=''British Columbia Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal Rules, 1986'', B.C. Reg. 145/86}}</ref> the time period for the Crown to appeal expired 30 days after December 9, when the verdicts were rendered, while the time period for the defense to appeal expired 30 days after December 11, when Pickton was sentenced.<ref name="Vancouver_Sun_2008-01-07"/> That is why the Crown announced its appeal first, even though the Crown appeal is intended to be conditional on an appeal by the defence. If the defence had not filed an appeal, then the Crown could have withdrawn its appeal. | |||
==British Columbia Court of Appeal== | |||
===Defense appeal=== | |||
===Crown appeal=== | |||
On January 9, 2008, lawyers for Pickton filed a notice of appeal in the British Columbia Court of Appeal, seeking a new trial on six counts of second-degree murder.<ref name="Vancouver_Sun_2008-01-09">{{cite web |url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=cfa01da4-70bb-4548-8070-a08f82ea539f |accessdate=2008-01-10 |date=2008-01-09 |title=Pickton's lawyers file appeal, allege errors in 6 areas |author=Lori Culbert |work=The Vancouver Sun |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108061834/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=cfa01da4-70bb-4548-8070-a08f82ea539f |archivedate=2012-11-08 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/pickton-s-lawyers-launch-appeal-1.754331 |accessdate=2008-01-10 |date=2008-01-09 |title=Pickton's lawyers launch appeal |author=CBC News}}</ref> The lawyer representing Pickton on the appeal was Gil McKinnon, who had been a Crown prosecutor in the 1970s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/story.html?id=313b79fc-b00a-4f73-9b25-3750e9ad9a71 |accessdate=2008-01-10 |date=2008-01-08 |title=Former prosecutor to file Pickton defence appeal |work=The Vancouver Sun |author=Neal hall |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108061842/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/story.html?id=313b79fc-b00a-4f73-9b25-3750e9ad9a71 |archivedate=2012-11-08 }}</ref> | |||
On January 7, 2008, the Attorney General filed an appeal in the ], against Pickton's acquittals on the first-degree murder charges.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/crown-seeks-new-trial-for-pickton-1.740885 |access-date=January 10, 2008 |date=January 7, 2008 |title=Crown seeks new trial for Pickton |website=CBC |archive-date=May 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518023113/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/crown-seeks-new-trial-for-pickton-1.740885 |url-status=live }}</ref> The grounds of appeal related to a number of evidentiary rulings made by the trial judge, certain aspects of the trial judge's ], and the ruling to sever the six charges Pickton was tried on from the remaining twenty.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/News/Canada/article/291715 |access-date=January 7, 2008 |date=January 7, 2008 |title=Crown appeals Pickton's convictions |work=The Toronto Star |archive-date=January 8, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080108134759/http://www.thestar.com/News/Canada/article/291715 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/bc/news/bc-080109-picktoncrownappeal.pdf |access-date=January 10, 2008 |date=January 7, 2008 |title=Notice of Appeal (Crown Appeal Against Acquittal) |work=CBC News |archive-date=February 28, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228151858/http://www.cbc.ca/bc/news/bc-080109-picktoncrownappeal.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Defence appeal in Pickton case a 'no-brainer' |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20080104.BCPICKTON04/TPStory/National |access-date=January 10, 2008 |date=January 4, 2008 |first=Robert |last=Matas |work=The Globe and Mail |location=Toronto |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080107104634/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20080104.BCPICKTON04/TPStory/National |archive-date=January 7, 2008 }}</ref> Although Pickton had been acquitted on the first-degree murder charges, he was convicted of second-degree murder and received the same sentence as he would have on first-degree murder convictions. The relatives of the victims expressed concern that the convictions would be jeopardized if the Crown argued that the trial judge had made errors. Opposition critic ] criticized the Attorney-General for not having briefed the victims' families in advance.<ref name="Vancouver_Sun_2008-01-07">{{cite web |url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=5940eb9e-e9ec-4041-9a3a-33e86fadf735 |access-date=January 10, 2008 |date=January 7, 2008 |title=Crown happy with Pickton verdict, despite appeal |work=Vancouver Sun |first=Lori |last=Culbert |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108061829/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=5940eb9e-e9ec-4041-9a3a-33e86fadf735 |archive-date=November 8, 2012 }}</ref> | |||
] apologized to the victims' families for not informing them of the appeal before it was announced to the general public.<ref name="Vancouver_Sun_2008-01-07"/><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/oppal-apologizes/article17977804/ |access-date=January 10, 2008 |date=January 8, 2008 |title=Oppal apologizes |agency=Canadian Press |work=The Globe and Mail |location=Toronto |archive-date=March 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331121847/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/oppal-apologizes/article17977804/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Oppal also said that the appeal was filed largely for "strategic" reasons, in anticipation of an appeal by the defence.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://africa.reuters.com/world/news/usnN07423176.html |access-date=January 10, 2008 |date=January 7, 2008 |title=Surprise appeal in Canadian serial killer case |first=Allan |last=Dowd |work=Reuters |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070621081243/http://africa.reuters.com/world/news/usnN07423176.html |archive-date=June 21, 2007 }}</ref> Under the applicable rules of court,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.qp.gov.bc.ca/statreg/reg/C/CriminalCode/145_86.htm |access-date=January 10, 2008 |title=''British Columbia Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal Rules, 1986'', B.C. Reg. 145/86 |archive-date=September 30, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930215424/http://www.qp.gov.bc.ca/statreg/reg/C/CriminalCode/145_86.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> the time period for the Crown to appeal expired thirty days after December 9, when the verdicts were rendered, while the time period for the defence to appeal expired thirty days after December 11, when Pickton was sentenced.<ref name="Vancouver_Sun_2008-01-07"/> | |||
The notice of appeal enumerated various areas in which the defense alleged that the trial judge erred: the main charge to the jury, the response to the jurors’ questions, amending the jury charge, similar fact evidence, and Pickton’s statements to the police.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/bc/news/bc-080109-picktondefenceappeal.pdf |accessdate=2008-01-10 |date=2008-01-09 |title=Notice of Appeal|format=PDF | work=CBC News}}</ref> | |||
===Defence appeal=== | |||
===Decisions of the Court of Appeal === | |||
On January 9, 2008, lawyers for Pickton filed a notice of appeal in the ], seeking a new trial on six counts of second-degree murder.<ref name="Vancouver_Sun_2008-01-09">{{cite web |url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=cfa01da4-70bb-4548-8070-a08f82ea539f |access-date=January 10, 2008 |date=January 9, 2008 |title=Pickton's lawyers file appeal, allege errors in 6 areas |first=Lori |last=Culbert |work=The Vancouver Sun |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108061834/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=cfa01da4-70bb-4548-8070-a08f82ea539f |archive-date=November 8, 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/pickton-s-lawyers-launch-appeal-1.754331 |access-date=January 10, 2008 |date=January 9, 2008 |title=Pickton's lawyers launch appeal |website=CBC |archive-date=August 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818202352/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/pickton-s-lawyers-launch-appeal-1.754331 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/story.html?id=313b79fc-b00a-4f73-9b25-3750e9ad9a71 |access-date=January 10, 2008 |date=January 8, 2008 |title=Former prosecutor to file Pickton defence appeal |work=The Vancouver Sun |first=Neal |last=Hall |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108061842/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/story.html?id=313b79fc-b00a-4f73-9b25-3750e9ad9a71 |archive-date=November 8, 2012 }}</ref> The notice of appeal enumerated various areas in which the defence alleged that the trial judge erred: the main charge to the jury, the response to the jurors' questions, amending the jury charge, similar fact evidence, and Pickton's statements to the police.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/bc/news/bc-080109-picktondefenceappeal.pdf |access-date=January 10, 2008 |date=January 9, 2008 |title=Notice of Appeal |work=CBC News |archive-date=February 28, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228151855/http://www.cbc.ca/bc/news/bc-080109-picktondefenceappeal.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
The British Columbia Court of Appeal issued its decisions on June 25, 2009, but some parts of the decisions were not publicly released because of publication bans still in effect.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/supreme_court/publication_bans/Pickton%20publication%20bans.pdf |title=Publication Bans R v. Pickton|publisher=The Courts of British Columbia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/supreme_court/publication_bans/Pickton%20publication%20bans.pdf|title=Provincial Court Publication Bans: R. v. Pickton|last=|first=|date=January 15, 2003|website=Supreme Court of Canada|access-date=August 15, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/Court_of_Appeal/announcements/UNDERTAKING%20Final.pdf|title=Undertaking for the media admission to lock-up at the release of R. V. Pickton CA035704/CA035709|last=|first=|date=June 25, 2009|website=British Columbia Court of Appeal|accessdate=August 15, 2017}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/court_of_appeal/recent_judgments.aspx |title=Court of Appeal – Recently Posted Judgments |publisher=Courts.gov.bc.ca |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> | |||
===Decisions=== | |||
The Court of Appeal dismissed the defence appeal by a 2:1 majority.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Best|first1=Cris|title=R. v. Pickton (2010): The SCC Disagrees on the Correct Path to the Same Conclusion - TheCourt.ca|url=http://www.thecourt.ca/r-v-pickton-2010-the-scc-disagrees-on-the-correct-path-to-the-same-conclusion/|website=The Court|accessdate=5 April 2018|date=6 August 2010}}</ref> Due to a dissent on a point of law, Pickton was entitled to appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada, without first seeking leave to appeal.<ref>Paragraph 691(1)(a) of the {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090625223015/http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-c-46/latest/rsc-1985-c-c-46.html |date=2009-06-25 }}.</ref> His notice of appeal was filed in the Supreme Court of Canada on August 24, 2009.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614142326/http://www.scc-csc.gc.ca/case-dossier/cms-sgd/dock-regi-eng.aspx?cas=33288 |date=2011-06-14 }}.</ref> | |||
The British Columbia Court of Appeal issued its decisions on June 25, 2009, including some banned from publication.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/supreme_court/publication_bans/Pickton%20publication%20bans.pdf|title=Publication Bans R v. Pickton|publisher=The Courts of British Columbia|access-date=June 25, 2009|archive-date=April 9, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110409182604/http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/supreme_court/publication_bans/Pickton%20publication%20bans.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/supreme_court/publication_bans/Pickton%20publication%20bans.pdf|title=Provincial Court Publication Bans: R. v. Pickton|date=January 15, 2003|website=Supreme Court of Canada|access-date=August 15, 2017|archive-date=April 9, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110409182604/http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/supreme_court/publication_bans/Pickton%20publication%20bans.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/court_of_appeal/recent_judgments.aspx |title=Court of Appeal – Recently Posted Judgments |publisher=Courts.gov.bc.ca |access-date=February 10, 2011 |archive-date=July 23, 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120723002715/http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/court_of_appeal/recent_judgments.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> It dismissed the defence appeal by a 2:1 majority.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Best|first1=Cris|title=R. v. Pickton (2010): The SCC Disagrees on the Correct Path to the Same Conclusion – TheCourt.ca|url=http://www.thecourt.ca/r-v-pickton-2010-the-scc-disagrees-on-the-correct-path-to-the-same-conclusion/|website=The Court|access-date=April 5, 2018|date=August 6, 2010|archive-date=April 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406041226/http://www.thecourt.ca/r-v-pickton-2010-the-scc-disagrees-on-the-correct-path-to-the-same-conclusion/|url-status=live}}</ref> Due to a dissent on a point of law, Pickton was entitled to appeal to the ], without first seeking leave to appeal.<ref>Paragraph 691(1)(a) of the {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090625223015/http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-c-46/latest/rsc-1985-c-c-46.html |date=June 25, 2009 }}.</ref> His notice of appeal was filed in the Supreme Court of Canada on August 24, 2009.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614142326/http://www.scc-csc.gc.ca/case-dossier/cms-sgd/dock-regi-eng.aspx?cas=33288 |date=June 14, 2011 }}.</ref> The Court of Appeal allowed the Crown appeal, finding that the trial judge erred in excluding some evidence and in severing six counts from the rest. The order resulting from this severance was stayed, so that the conviction on the six counts of second degree murder was not set aside.<ref>''R. v. Pickton'', 2009 BCCA 300</ref> | |||
==Supreme Court appeal== | |||
The Court of Appeal allowed the Crown appeal, finding that the trial judge erred in excluding some evidence and in severing the 26 counts into one group of 20 counts and one group of six. The order resulting from this finding was stayed, so that the conviction on the six counts of second degree murder would not be set aside.<ref>''R. v. Pickton'', 2009 BCCA 300</ref> | |||
On June 26, 2009, Pickton's lawyers confirmed that they would exercise his right to appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada. The appeal was based on the dissent in the British Columbia Court of Appeal.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/lawyer-admits-it-might-take-months-for-supreme-court-to-hear-pickton-appeal-1.779620 |website=CBC |title=Pickton to appeal convictions to Supreme Court of Canada |date=June 26, 2006 |access-date=June 26, 2006 |archive-date=August 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818202359/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/lawyer-admits-it-might-take-months-for-supreme-court-to-hear-pickton-appeal-1.779620 |url-status=live }}</ref> While Pickton had an automatic right to appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada based on the legal issues on which Justice Donald had dissented, Pickton's lawyers applied to the Supreme Court of Canada for leave to appeal on other issues as well. On November 26, 2009, the Supreme Court of Canada granted this application for leave to appeal. The effect of this was to broaden the scope of Pickton's appeal, allowing him to raise arguments that had been rejected unanimously in the British Columbia Court of Appeal.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/Robert+Pickton+lawyers+broaden+scope+serial+killer+appeal/2268914/story.html |work=Vancouver Sun |agency=Canwest News Service |first=Janice |last=Tibbetts |title=Robert Pickton's lawyers win bid to broaden scope of serial killer's appeal |date=November 26, 2009 |access-date=November 26, 2009 |archive-date=November 29, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091129130827/http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Robert+Pickton+lawyers+broaden+scope+serial+killer+appeal/2268914/story.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/news_release/2009/09-11-26.3/09-11-26.3.html |date=November 26, 2009 |title=Supreme Court of Canada press release |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091204131842/http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/news_release/2009/09-11-26.3/09-11-26.3.html |archive-date=December 4, 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scc-csc.gc.ca/case-dossier/cms-sgd/dock-regi-eng.aspx?cas=33288 |title=Supreme Court of Canada case information – docket 33288 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614142326/http://www.scc-csc.gc.ca/case-dossier/cms-sgd/dock-regi-eng.aspx?cas=33288 |archive-date=June 14, 2011 }}</ref> On July 30, 2010, the Supreme Court of Canada rendered its decision dismissing Pickton's appeal and affirming his convictions.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://csc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/news_release/2010/10-07-30.3/10-07-30.3.html |date=July 30, 2010 |access-date=August 4, 2010 |publisher=Supreme Court of Canada |title=Judgments in Appeals |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20110814032646/http://csc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/news_release/2010/10-07-30.3/10-07-30.3.html |archive-date=August 14, 2011 }}</ref> The argument that Pickton should be granted a new trial was unanimously rejected by the Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/capress/100730/national/scoc_pickton |title=Serial killer Robert Pickton's appeal denied |access-date=July 30, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100803001103/http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/capress/100730/national/scoc_pickton |archive-date=August 3, 2010 }}</ref> | |||
Although unanimous in its result, the Supreme Court split six to three in its legal analysis of the case. The issue was whether the trial judge made a legal error in his instructions to the jury, and in particular in his "re-instruction" responding to the jury's question about Pickton's liability if he was not the only person involved. Writing for the majority, ] found that "the trial judge's response to the question posed by the jury did not adversely impact on the fairness of the trial". She further found that the trial judge's overall instructions with respect to other suspects "compendiously captured the alternative routes to liability that were realistically in issue in this trial. The jury was also correctly instructed that it could convict Mr. Pickton if the Crown proved this level of participation coupled with the requisite intent."<ref name="R. v. Pickton"> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101022145128/http://csc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2010/2010scc32/2010scc32.html |date=October 22, 2010 }}, 2010 SCC 32</ref> ], writing for the minority, found that the jury was not properly informed "of the legal principles which would have allowed them as triers of fact to consider evidence of Mr. Pickton's aid and encouragement to an unknown shooter, as an alternative means of imposing liability for the murders".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-c-46/79874/rsc-1985-c-c-46.html#sec686subsec1 |title=Subparagraph 686(1)(''b'')(iii) of the Criminal Code |access-date=August 4, 2010 |archive-date=October 22, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101022045928/http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-c-46/79874/rsc-1985-c-c-46.html#sec686subsec1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="R. v. Pickton"/> | |||
==Supreme Court of Canada== | |||
On June 26, 2009, Pickton's lawyers confirmed that they would exercise his right to appeal to the ]. The appeal was based on the dissent in the British Columbia Court of Appeal.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/lawyer-admits-it-might-take-months-for-supreme-court-to-hear-pickton-appeal-1.779620 |author=CBC News |title=Pickton to appeal convictions to Supreme Court of Canada |date=2006-06-26 |accessdate=2006-06-26}}</ref> | |||
==Judicial aftermath== | |||
While Pickton had an automatic right to appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada based on the legal issues on which Justice Donald had dissented, Pickton's lawyers applied to the Supreme Court of Canada for leave to appeal on other issues as well. On November 26, 2009, the Supreme Court of Canada granted this application for leave to appeal. The effect of this was to broaden the scope of Pickton's appeal, allowing him to raise arguments that had been rejected unanimously in the B.C. Court of Appeal (not just arguments that had been rejected by the 2–1 majority).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/Robert+Pickton+lawyers+broaden+scope+serial+killer+appeal/2268914/story.html |work=Vancouver Sun/Canwest News Service |author=Janice Tibbetts |title=Robert Pickton's lawyers win bid to broaden scope of serial killer's appeal |date=2009-11-26 |accessdate=2009-11-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/news_release/2009/09-11-26.3/09-11-26.3.html |date=2009-11-26 |title=Supreme Court of Canada press release |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091204131842/http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/news_release/2009/09-11-26.3/09-11-26.3.html |archivedate=2009-12-04 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scc-csc.gc.ca/case-dossier/cms-sgd/dock-regi-eng.aspx?cas=33288 |title=Supreme Court of Canada case information – docket 33288 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614142326/http://www.scc-csc.gc.ca/case-dossier/cms-sgd/dock-regi-eng.aspx?cas=33288 |archivedate=2011-06-14 }}</ref> | |||
=== Discontinuance of prosecution === | |||
British Columbia Crown spokesman Neil MacKenzie announced that prosecution of the 20 other murder charges would likely be discontinued: "In reaching this position, the branch has taken into account the fact that any additional convictions could not result in any increase to the sentence that Mr. Pickton has already received."<ref name="CBC News">{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/robert-pickton-won-t-get-new-trial-top-court-1.865566 |work=CBC |title=Robert Pickton won't get new trial: top court |date=July 30, 2010 |access-date=August 4, 2010 |archive-date=January 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128172841/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/robert-pickton-won-t-get-new-trial-top-court-1.865566 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
Families of the victims had varied reactions to this announcement. Some were disappointed that Pickton would never be convicted of the twenty other murders, while others were relieved that the gruesome details of the murders would not be aired in court.<ref name="charges stayed" /> | |||
===Management review of investigation=== | |||
On July 30, 2010, the Supreme Court of Canada rendered its decision dismissing Pickton's appeal and affirming his convictions.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://csc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/news_release/2010/10-07-30.3/10-07-30.3.html |date=2010-07-30 |accessdate=2010-08-04 |publisher=Supreme Court of Canada |title=Judgments in Appeals |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20110814032646/http://csc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/news_release/2010/10-07-30.3/10-07-30.3.html |archivedate=2011-08-14 }}</ref> The argument that Pickton should be granted a new trial was unanimously rejected by the Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/capress/100730/national/scoc_pickton |title=Serial killer Robert Pickton's appeal denied |accessdate=2010-07-30 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100803001103/http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/capress/100730/national/scoc_pickton |archivedate=2010-08-03 }}</ref> | |||
In 2010, the ] issued a statement that an "exhaustive management review of the Missing Women Investigation" had been conducted, and the Vancouver Police Department would make the Review available to the public once the criminal matters are concluded and the publication bans are removed. In addition, the Vancouver Police Department disclosed that for several years it has "communicated privately to the Provincial Government that it believed a Public Inquiry would be necessary for an impartial examination of why it took so long for Robert Pickton to be arrested".<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://vancouver.ca/police/assets/pdf/pickton-decision-lepard-statement.pdf |access-date=August 4, 2010 |date=July 30, 2010 |publisher=Vancouver Police Department |title=VPD Statement — Supreme Court Ruling on Pickton Case |archive-date=November 3, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111103201109/http://vancouver.ca/police/assets/pdf/pickton-decision-lepard-statement.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Supplemental information provided to the Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women|url=https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/pch/documents/services/canada-united-nations-system/reports-united-nations-treaties/info_comp_discrim_femme-supp_info_discrim_women-eng.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200525142931/https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/pch/documents/services/canada-united-nations-system/reports-united-nations-treaties/info_comp_discrim_femme-supp_info_discrim_women-eng.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 25, 2020|access-date=October 28, 2012|date=December 13, 2013}}</ref> In August 2010, the publication ban imposed during Pickton's trial in 2006 was lifted.{{sfn|Langton|2013|p=221}} The journalist ] wrote: "The now-public details of the investigation and trial appalled many. The unwillingness of the police to pursue Pickton, despite overwhelming evidence, smacked hard of racism, sexism, and bias against drug addicts and sex workers. Many felt that the police treated crimes against aboriginals, drug addicts, sex workers and, in particular women, as less important than they should have".{{sfn|Langton|2013|p=221}} The Pickton case seriously damaged the image of the police forces of the Lower Mainland.{{sfn|Langton|2013|p=221}} | |||
===Apology by police department=== | |||
Although unanimous in its result, the Supreme Court split six to three in its legal analysis of the case. The issue was whether the trial judge made a legal error in his instructions to the jury, and in particular in his "re-instruction" responding to the jury's question about Pickton's liability if he was not the only person involved. Writing for the majority, ] found that "the trial judge's response to the question posed by the jury did not adversely impact on the fairness of the trial". She further found that the trial judge's overall instructions with respect to other suspects "compendiously captured the alternative routes to liability that were realistically in issue in this trial. The jury was also correctly instructed that it could convict Mr. Pickton if the Crown proved this level of participation coupled with the requisite intent."<ref name="R. v. Pickton"> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101022145128/http://csc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2010/2010scc32/2010scc32.html |date=October 22, 2010 }}, 2010 SCC 32</ref> | |||
At a press conference, Deputy Chief Constable Doug LePard of the Vancouver Police Department apologized to the victims' families: "I wish from the bottom of my heart that we would have caught him sooner. I wish that, the several agencies involved, that we could have done better in so many ways. I wish that all the mistakes that were made, we could undo. And I wish that more lives would have been saved. So on my behalf and behalf of the Vancouver Police Department and all the men and women that worked on this investigation, I would say to the families how sorry we all are for your losses and because we did not catch this monster sooner."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/video/player.html?category=News&zone=canada&site=cbc.news.ca&clipid=1555983971 |title=Vancouver deputy police chief Doug LePard's personal, unscripted comments about the investigation into serial killer Robert Pickton |date=July 30, 2010 |access-date=August 4, 2010 |work=CBC News |archive-date=June 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628223415/http://www.cbc.ca/video/player.html?category=News&zone=canada&site=cbc.news.ca&clipid=1555983971 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
===Inquiry=== | |||
], writing for the minority, found that the jury was not properly informed "of the legal principles which would have allowed them as triers of fact to consider evidence of Mr. Pickton's aid and encouragement to an unknown shooter, as an alternative means of imposing liability for the murders". However, LeBel J. would have applied the so-called curative proviso<ref>Subparagraph 686(1)(''b'')(iii) of the Criminal Code , providing that the court may dismiss the appeal where "it is of the opinion that no substantial wrong or miscarriage of justice has occurred", despite any legal error at trial.</ref> so as not to overturn Pickton's convictions.<ref name="R. v. Pickton"/> | |||
After Pickton lost his final appeal at the Supreme Court of Canada, the ] chaired by Wally Oppal was called to examine the role of the Vancouver police and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in the disappearances and murders of women in the Downtown Eastside. Families of the missing and murdered women have been calling for public hearings since before Pickton was arrested and eventually convicted of six murders.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/public-inquiry-into-pickton-murders-to-begin-tuesday-1.709283 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011133223/http://www.ctv.ca/CTVNews/Canada/20111010/pickton-missing-women-inquiry-111010/#ixzz1aWjHggE6 |url-status=live |archive-date=October 11, 2011 |title=Public inquiry into Pickton murders to begin Tuesday |date=October 10, 2011 |access-date=October 11, 2011 | work=CTV News}}</ref> The commission's final report submission to the Attorney General was dated November 19, 2012, and was released to the public on December 17.<ref>{{cite web|title=Missing Women Commission of Inquiry|url=http://www.missingwomeninquiry.ca/|access-date=December 19, 2012|archive-date=December 14, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121214190041/http://www.missingwomeninquiry.ca/|url-status=live}}</ref> During the inquiry, lawyers for some of the victims' families sought to have an unpublished 289-page manuscript authored by former police investigator ] entered as evidence and made entirely public. Several passages were read into the inquiry's record but Commissioner Oppal declined to publicize the entire manuscript.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hutchinson|first1=Brian|title=Deadly Dysfunction: Scathing undisclosed details from inside the Pickton investigation|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/05/25/deadly-disfunction-previously-undisclosed-details-from-inside-the-pickton-investigation/|access-date=February 28, 2015|work=National Post|date=May 25, 2012|archive-date=May 31, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531205426/https://nationalpost.com/category/news/|url-status=live}}</ref> As an extension of The Missing Women Commission of Inquiry, the ] was formed by the Government of Canada in September 2016.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|title=Reclaiming Power and Place: The Final Report of the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls, Volume 1b|url=https://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Final_Report_Vol_1b.pdf|access-date=June 2, 2024|archive-date=June 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605193259/https://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Final_Report_Vol_1b.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
==Reaction and aftermath to the court proceedings== | |||
===Discontinuance of prosecution of other counts against Pickton=== | |||
B.C. Crown spokesman Neil MacKenzie announced that the prosecution of Pickton on the 20 other murder charges would likely be discontinued. "In reaching this position," he said, "the branch has taken into account the fact that any additional convictions could not result in any increase to the sentence that Mr. Pickton has already received."<ref name="CBC News">{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/robert-pickton-won-t-get-new-trial-top-court-1.865566 |author=CBC News |title=Robert Pickton won't get new trial: top court |date=2010-07-30 |accessdate=2010-08-04}}</ref> | |||
Families of the victims had varied reactions to this announcement. Some were disappointed that Pickton would never be convicted of the 20 other murders, while others were relieved that the gruesome details of the murders would not be aired in court.<ref name="charges stayed" /> | |||
===Vancouver Police Department management review of investigation=== | |||
In 2010, the ] issued a statement that an "exhaustive management review of the Missing Women Investigation" had been conducted, and the VPD would make the Review available to the public once the criminal matters are concluded and the publication bans are removed. In addition, the VPD disclosed that for several years it has "communicated privately to the Provincial Government that it believed a Public Inquiry would be necessary for an impartial examination of why it took so long for Robert Pickton to be arrested".<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://vancouver.ca/police/assets/pdf/pickton-decision-lepard-statement.pdf |accessdate=2010-08-04 |date=2010-07-30 |publisher=Vancouver Police Department |title=VPD Statement — Supreme Court Ruling on Pickton Case}}</ref> In August of that year, the VPD released the ''Missing Women: Investigation Review''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Supplemental information provided to the Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women|url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/ddp-hrd/docs/cedaw-cedef7-rspns/suppl-info-suppl-eng.pdf|accessdate=28 October 2012|date=2013-12-13}}</ref> | |||
===VPD apology=== | |||
At a press conference, Deputy Chief Constable Doug LePard of the VPD apologized to the victims' families, saying "I wish from the bottom of my heart that we would have caught him sooner. I wish that, the several agencies involved, that we could have done better in so many ways. I wish that all the mistakes that were made, we could undo. And I wish that more lives would have been saved. So on my behalf and behalf of the Vancouver Police Department and all the men and women that worked on this investigation, I would say to the families how sorry we all are for your losses and because we did not catch this monster sooner."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/video/player.html?category=News&zone=canada&site=cbc.news.ca&clipid=1555983971 |title=Vancouver deputy police chief Doug LePard's personal, unscripted comments about the investigation into serial killer Robert Pickton |date=2010-07-30 |accessdate=2010-08-04 | work=CBC News}}</ref> | |||
===Missing Women Commission of Inquiry=== | |||
After Robert Pickton lost his final appeal at the Supreme Court of Canada, the ] chaired by ] was called to examine the role of the Vancouver police and the RCMP in the disappearances and murders of women in the Downtown Eastside. Families of the missing and murdered women have been calling for public hearings since before Pickton was arrested and eventually convicted of six murders.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ctv.ca/CTVNews/Canada/20111010/pickton-missing-women-inquiry-111010/#ixzz1aWjHggE6 |title=Public inquiry into Pickton murders to begin Tuesday |date=2011-10-10 |accessdate=2011-10-11 | work=CTV News}}</ref> The Commission's final report submission to the Attorney General was dated November 19, 2012 and was released to the public on December 17.<ref>{{cite web|title=Missing Women Commission of Inquiry|url=http://www.missingwomeninquiry.ca/|accessdate=2012-12-19}}</ref> During the inquiry, lawyers for some of the victims' families sought to have an unpublished 289-page manuscript authored by former police investigator Lori Shenher entered as evidence and made entirely public. Several passages were read into the inquiry's record but Commissioner Oppal declined to publicize the entire manuscript.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hutchinson|first1=Brian|title=Deadly Dysfunction: Scathing undisclosed details from inside the Pickton investigation|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/05/25/deadly-disfunction-previously-undisclosed-details-from-inside-the-pickton-investigation/|accessdate=28 February 2015|work=National Post|date=May 25, 2012}}</ref> | |||
===Transfer to penitentiary=== | ===Transfer to penitentiary=== | ||
During a court hearing on August 4, 2010, Judge Williams stated that Pickton should be committed to a federal penitentiary; up to that point he had been held at a provincial pretrial institution.<ref name="charges stayed">{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/british-columbia/pickton-legal-saga-ends-as-remaining-charges-stayed/article1662145/ | |
During a court hearing on August 4, 2010, Judge Williams stated that Pickton should be committed to a federal penitentiary; up to that point he had been held at a provincial pretrial institution.<ref name="charges stayed">{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/british-columbia/pickton-legal-saga-ends-as-remaining-charges-stayed/article1662145/ |first=Rod |last=Mickleburgh |date=August 4, 2010 |access-date=August 5, 2010 |title=Pickton legal saga ends as remaining charges stayed |publisher=The Globe and Mail |location=Toronto |archive-date=August 6, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100806180932/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/british-columbia/pickton-legal-saga-ends-as-remaining-charges-stayed/article1662145/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In June 2018, he was transferred from ] in British Columbia to ] Institution in Quebec.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/robert-pickton-transferred-to-quebec-prison-according-to-victim-s-family-1.4719021 |title=Robert Pickton transferred to Quebec prison, according to victim's family |website=CBC News |access-date=January 3, 2019 |archive-date=September 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906044354/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/robert-pickton-transferred-to-quebec-prison-according-to-victim-s-family-1.4719021 |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
===Parole eligibility=== | |||
== Stay of final 20 murder charges == | |||
In February 2024, Pickton became eligible to apply for ]. No ] hearing was scheduled.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bc.ctvnews.ca/victims-families-hold-vigil-as-robert-pickton-becomes-eligible-to-apply-for-day-parole-1.6778860|title=Victims' families hold vigil as Robert Pickton becomes eligible to apply for day parole|first=Martin|last=MacMahon|website=]|date=February 22, 2024|access-date=February 23, 2024|archive-date=February 23, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223023808/https://bc.ctvnews.ca/victims-families-hold-vigil-as-robert-pickton-becomes-eligible-to-apply-for-day-parole-1.6778860|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
==Death== | |||
Pickton had faced a further 20 first degree murder charges involving other female victims from ].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/capress/pickton_verdict|title=Robert Pickton found guilty of six counts of second degree murder|date=2007-12-09|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213070251/http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/capress/pickton_verdict|archivedate=2007-12-13}}</ref> On February 26, 2008, a family member of one of the 20 women named as alleged victims told the media that the Crown had told her a trial on the further 20 counts might not proceed.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/2nd-pickton-trial-may-not-go-ahead-families-told-1.701904 | |||
On May 19, 2024, Pickton was attacked by another prisoner at the ] in ]. The prisoner, Martin Charest, described as having a history of assaulting other prisoners, "speared" Pickton in the head with a "broken broom-like handle". Pickton was airlifted to a hospital and put on life support.<ref name="Prison attack">{{cite web |last1=Bolan |title=B.C. serial killer Robert Pickton savagely attacked in prison, clinging to life |website=The Province |url=https://theprovince.com/news/crime/bc-serial-killer-robert-pickton-savagely-attacked-in-prison/wcm/0d7d2616-eeb3-4ac9-9b46-a778382f4dcf |access-date=May 21, 2024 |archive-date=May 24, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524134054/https://theprovince.com/news/crime/bc-serial-killer-robert-pickton-savagely-attacked-in-prison/wcm/0d7d2616-eeb3-4ac9-9b46-a778382f4dcf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="a600">{{cite web | title=Serial killer Robert Pickton in critical condition after prison assault | website=CBC | date=May 21, 2024 | url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/quebec-prison-robert-pickton-assault-1.7209598 | access-date=May 21, 2024 | archive-date=May 21, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521230804/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/quebec-prison-robert-pickton-assault-1.7209598 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.journaldemontreal.com/2024/05/22/le-tueur-en-serie-robert-pickton-a-ete-agresse-par-un-dangereux-recidiviste |title=Le tueur en série Robert Pickton aurait été agressé par un dangereux récidiviste |date=May 22, 2024 |last=Séguin |first=Félix |access-date=June 1, 2024 |via=www.journaldemontreal.com |archive-date=May 23, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523122819/https://www.journaldemontreal.com/2024/05/22/le-tueur-en-serie-robert-pickton-a-ete-agresse-par-un-dangereux-recidiviste |url-status=live }}</ref> He died at a hospital in ] from complications of the attack on May 31.<ref>{{cite web|title=Serial killer Robert Pickton dead following beating in Quebec prison|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/10537744/serial-killer-robert-pickton-dead/|date=May 31, 2024|last=Judd|first=Amy|publisher=Global News|access-date=May 31, 2024|archive-date=May 31, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531205425/https://globalnews.ca/news/10537744/serial-killer-robert-pickton-dead/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Brockman |first=Charles |date=May 31, 2024 |title=B.C. serial killer Robert Pickton dead after prison attack. |url=https://vancouver.citynews.ca/2024/05/31/bc-serial-killer-robert-pickton-dead/ |access-date=May 31, 2024 |website=CityNews Vancouver |archive-date=May 31, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531205426/https://vancouver.citynews.ca/2024/05/31/bc-serial-killer-robert-pickton-dead/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ICI.Radio-Canada.ca |first=Zone Justice et faits divers- |date=May 31, 2024 |title=Le tueur en série Robert Pickton est mort |url=https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/2075454/robert-pickton-mort-tueur |access-date=June 1, 2024 |website=Radio-Canada |language=fr-ca}}</ref> | |||
|title=2nd Pickton trial may not go ahead, families told|date=2008-02-26}}</ref> | |||
==Media and merchandise== | |||
On August 4, 2010, Crown prosecutors stayedlance of the pending murder charges against Pickton, ending the prospect of any further trials.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.ca.msn.com/top-stories/cbc-article.aspx?cp-documentid=25097224 |title=Crown Stays 20 Pickton Murder Charges. CBC News. Retrieved August 4, 2010 |publisher=News.ca.msn.com |date=2010-08-04 |accessdate=2011-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714131416/http://news.ca.msn.com/top-stories/cbc-article.aspx?cp-documentid=25097224 |archive-date=July 14, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mjtimes.sk.ca/section/2010-08-04/article-1656137/Pickton-wont-face-20-murder-charges,-but-end-of-legal-saga-could-yield-answers/1 |title=Pickton won't face 20 murder charges, but end of legal saga could yield answers |date=2010-08-04 |accessdate=2010-08-04 |author=James Keller |publisher=] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807200940/http://www.mjtimes.sk.ca/section/2010-08-04/article-1656137/Pickton-wont-face-20-murder-charges,-but-end-of-legal-saga-could-yield-answers/1 |archive-date=2016-08-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
A major plotline in the Canadian crime drama '']'' deals with a spate of missing women thought to be victims of a prolific serial killer hunting in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside. Pickton is not directly referred to by name, but starting in the show's fifth season characters and advertisements made reference to "the pig farm" in relation to the case.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Reflexive Hybrid Realism in Da Vinci's Inquest|url=https://offscreen.com/view/da-vincis-inquest|access-date=April 4, 2022|archive-date=July 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704053517/https://offscreen.com/view/da-vincis-inquest|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
In August 2006, Thomas Loudamy, a 27-year-old ], resident, claimed that he had received three letters from Pickton in response to letters Loudamy sent under an assumed identity.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canada.com/topics/news/national/story.html?id=3b742afe-c303-4fb7-9042-e20479bb05cb|title=Exclusive Pickton letters|publisher=]|date=December 10, 2007|access-date=December 11, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215121428/http://www.canada.com/topics/news/national/story.html?id=3b742afe-c303-4fb7-9042-e20479bb05cb|archive-date=December 15, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canada.com/topics/news/national/story.html?id=758d4b02-2cc7-451a-9b3d-e15db3d16f2e |title=The Pickton Letters: In his own words |publisher=] |date=December 10, 2007 |access-date=December 11, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215121433/http://www.canada.com/topics/news/national/story.html?id=758d4b02-2cc7-451a-9b3d-e15db3d16f2e |archive-date=December 15, 2007 }}</ref> Loudamy, an aspiring journalist, claimed that his motivation in releasing the letters was to help the public gain insights into Pickton.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/pickton_letters.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061007031552/http://www.missingpeople.net/pickton_letters.htm|url-status=usurped|archive-date=October 7, 2006|title= Sun Exclusive: The Pickton Letters|publisher=]|date=September 2, 2006|access-date=January 22, 2007}}</ref> | |||
The 20 charges were formally stayed by crown counsel Melissa Gillespie shortly after 4 p.m. during a British Columbia Supreme Court hearing at ].<ref name="Chad Skelton"/> | |||
'']'' is a 2005 American horror film loosely based on Pickton's killings. In 2015, a film with the working title of ''Full Flood'' began production in Vancouver by ]. Based on ]'s book ''On The Farm,'' it was to use the life experiences of Pickton's victims for a fictional story about women in the Downtown Eastside who became victims of a serial killer.<ref>{{cite news |date=February 27, 2015 |title=Robert Pickton case: Movie on victims starts filming in Vancouver next week |work=CBC News – Arts & Entertainment |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/robert-pickton-case-movie-on-victims-starts-filming-in-vancouver-next-week-1.2975196 |access-date=February 28, 2015 |archive-date=February 28, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150228020112/http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/robert-pickton-case-movie-on-victims-starts-filming-in-vancouver-next-week-1.2975196 |url-status=live }}</ref> Pickton was portrayed by ] in the film. In 2016, the film was released under the title '']'', and also as ''On the Farm'' in certain markets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=On the Farm: A story of survival |url=https://vancouversun.com/entertainment/local-arts/on-the-farm-a-story-of-survival |access-date=March 11, 2020 |archive-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430055451/https://vancouversun.com/entertainment/local-arts/on-the-farm-a-story-of-survival/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
Most (but not all) of the publication bans in the case were lifted by the trial judge, James Williams of the British Columbia Supreme Court, after lawyers spent hours in court going through the various complicated bans.<ref name="vancouversun.com">{{cite web |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/Crown+drops+remaining+murder+charges+against+Pickton/3360046/story.html |publisher=] |accessdate=2010-08-04 |date=2010-08-04 |title=Pickton won't face remaining 20 murder charges |author=Chad Skelton}}</ref> | |||
In 2009, the ] two-part finale, "To Hell ... And Back", based the storyline on Pickton's case. Though names and locations were changed (Pickton's character was named Mason Turner, and acts take place in Ontario instead of British Columbia), many key details were used, including two brothers living on a run-down family pig farm who would abduct sex workers and homeless women and bringing them back to the farm before feeding the remains to the pigs.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jeunesse |first=Marilyn La |title=11 episodes of 'Criminal Minds' that were likely inspired by real-life crimes |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/criminal-minds-episodes-real-life-crimes-2019-2 |access-date=2024-06-03 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
On August 6, 2010, various media outlets released a transcript of conversations between an RCMP undercover operator and Pickton in his holding cell. While the RCMP censored the undercover officer's name throughout most of the document, his name was left uncensored in several portions of the document that the RCMP released to the public. This uncensored version was available to the public, through ], ], and the ''Vancouver Sun'', for about an hour before being pulled and re-edited. It is not known the extent of the damage this mistake caused the undercover officer.<ref name="vancouversun.com"/> | |||
In 2011, Vancouver artist Pamela Masik planned to mount an art exhibition, ''The Forgotten'', featuring portraits of some of Pickton's victims, at the ]'s Museum of Anthropology, which declined to host it after some controversy.<ref>Lori Culbert, "UBC cancels portrait exhibit of Downtown Eastside's vanished women". '']'', January 13, 2011.</ref> The incident was profiled by ] in the 2013 documentary film '']''.<ref name=cummins>Julianna Cummins, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211020431/https://playbackonline.ca/2015/02/02/the-exhibition-wins-csas-2015-diversity-award/ |date=December 11, 2020 }}. '']'', February 2, 2015.</ref> | |||
==Victims== | |||
In 2011, a documentary was released, titled ''The Pig Farm'', which outlined the flawed investigative work by the ] and the Vancouver Police Service. Details emerged about the impossibly long list of suspects, departmental in-fighting and lack of resources. | |||
On December 9, 2007, Pickton was convicted of second-degree murder in the deaths of six women: | |||
In 2016, a purported autobiography, ''Pickton: In his Own Words'', was released. Its publication and marketing initiated controversy, critical petitions, and government action to stop him from profiting from the work.<ref name="ctvbook">{{cite news|title=Robert Pickton book 'deeply disturbing': B.C. solicitor general|url=http://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/robert-pickton-book-deeply-disturbing-b-c-solicitor-general-1.2787548|work=CTV News|date=February 22, 2016|access-date=February 23, 2016|archive-date=February 23, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160223104632/http://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/robert-pickton-book-deeply-disturbing-b-c-solicitor-general-1.2787548|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="GM-book">{{cite news|last1=Stueck|first1=Wendy|title=Robert Pickton book pulled from production after public outcry|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/bc-governments-appeals-to-amazon-to-drop-possible-robert-pickton-memoir/article28834209/|work=The Globe and Mail|date=February 22, 2016|access-date=September 10, 2017|archive-date=March 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319192106/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/bc-governments-appeals-to-amazon-to-drop-possible-robert-pickton-memoir/article28834209/|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Pig Killer'', a biopic written and directed by Chad Ferrin, starring ] as Pickton, was released in select theatres on November 17, 2023. | |||
* Count 1, Sereena Abotsway<ref>{{cite news|title=Daughter phoned daily for 13 years |url=http://www.missingpeople.net/cgi-bin/2002/sereen_abotsway-2002.htm |author1=Fournier, Suzanne |author2=Fraser, Keith |author3=Jiwa, Salim |last-author-amp=yes |date=2002-02-26 |publisher=The Province |accessdate=2007-05-29 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070623025332/http://www.missingpeople.net/cgi-bin/2002/sereen_abotsway-2002.htm |archivedate=2007-06-23 }}</ref> (born August 20, 1971), age 29 when she disappeared in August 2001; her foster mother reported her missing on Aug. 22, 2001. | |||
* Count 2, Mona Lee Wilson<ref>{{cite news|title=Sister trapped by drugs, prostitution |url=http://www.missingpeople.net/mona_wilson_found_2002.htm |author1=Fong, Petti |author2=Kines, Lindsay |lastauthoramp=yes |publisher=] |date=2002-02-26 |accessdate=2007-05-29 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070608151822/http://www.missingpeople.net/mona_wilson_found_2002.htm |archivedate=2007-06-08 }}</ref> (born January 13, 1975), age 26 when she went to her doctor on Nov. 30, 2001, and was reported missing that night. | |||
* Count 6, Andrea Joesbury, age 22 when last seen in June 2001 and was reported missing June 8, 2001. | |||
* Count 7, Brenda Ann Wolfe,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/women/brenda_ann_wolfe-last_seen_feb_1999.htm |title=Brenda Ann Wolfe-last seen Feb 1999 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |accessdate=2011-02-10 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927160154/http://www.missingpeople.net/women/brenda_ann_wolfe-last_seen_feb_1999.htm |archivedate=2011-09-27 }}</ref> age 32 when last seen in February 1999 and was reported missing on April 25, 2000. | |||
* Count 16, Marnie Lee Frey,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/cgi-bin/2002/sereen_abotsway-2002.htm |title=Daughter phoned daily for 13 years |publisher=Missingpeople.net |accessdate=2011-02-10 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070623025332/http://www.missingpeople.net/cgi-bin/2002/sereen_abotsway-2002.htm |archivedate=2007-06-23 }}</ref> last seen August 1997 and reported missing on Dec. 29, 1997.<sup>Vancouver Police Missing Persons Case #98-209922.</sup> | |||
* Count 11, Georgina Faith Papin, last seen in January 1999 and reported missing in March 2001. | |||
In 2024, the comedy troupe Danger Cats was selling T-shirts online with a caricature of Pickton headlined with "Pickton Farms". Under the caricature was the ] "Over 50 flavors of hookery smoked bacon". The shirt caused controversy. The British Columbia premier ] expressed his outrage: "All I can say is how deeply disappointed I am by the idea that the lives of vulnerable women could be trivialized like this." Upcoming shows of Danger Cats were cancelled and the shirt was removed from their online store.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/comedy-show-cancelled-robert-pickton-1.7127569|title=Comedy show in B.C. cancelled after outrage over troupe's Robert Pickton T-shirts|website=]|date=February 28, 2024|access-date=February 28, 2024|archive-date=February 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228080450/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/comedy-show-cancelled-robert-pickton-1.7127569|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
===More victims=== | |||
Pickton also stood accused of ] in the deaths of 20 other women until these charges were stayed on August 4, 2010. | |||
== See also == | |||
* Count 3, Jacqueline Michelle McDonell,<ref>{{cite news | title = ‘Bright young woman’ among victims | url = http://www.missingpeople.net/bright_young_woman_among_victims-apr_3,_2002.htm | authorlink = Michael Friscolanti | first = Michael | last = Friscolanti | date = 2002-04-03 | publisher = National Post | accessdate = 2007-05-29 }}</ref> 23 when she was last seen in January 1999. <sup>Vancouver Police Missing Persons Case # 99-039699.</sup> | |||
*] | |||
* Count 4, Dianne Rosemary Rock<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/bringng_home_diane's_life-apr_5,_2002.htm |title=Bringng home Diane's life-Apr 5, 2002 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> (born September 2, 1967), 34 when last seen on October 19, 2001. Reported missing December 13, 2001. | |||
* Count 5, Heather Kathleen Bottomley<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/crown_adds_three_more_murder_charge-apr_2,_2002.htm |title=Crown adds three more murder charges against pig farmer-Apr 2, 2002 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> (born August 17, 1973), 27 when she was last seen (and reported missing) on April 17, 2001. | |||
* Count 8, Jennifer Lynn Furminger, last seen in 1999. | |||
* Count 9, Helen Mae Hallmark,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/women/helenh.htm |title=Helen Mae Hallmark |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date=2007-01-01 |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> last seen August 1997. <sup>Vancouver Police Missing Persons Case #98-226384.</sup> | |||
* Count 10, Patricia Rose Johnson,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/remembering_patti.htm |title=Patricia Rose Johnson |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> last seen in March 2001. | |||
* Count 12, Heather Chinnook, 30 when last seen in April 2001. | |||
* Count 13, Tanya Holyk, 23 when last seen in October 1996. | |||
* Count 14, Sherry Irving,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/alleged_pickton_victim_schooled-oct_2002.htm |title=Alleged Pickton victim schooled in Comox Valley-Oct 2002 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> 24 when last seen in 1997. | |||
* Count 15, Inga Monique Hall,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/women/ingahall.htm |title=Inga Monique Hall |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date=2007-01-01 |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> 46 when last seen in February 1998. <sup>Vancouver Police Missing Persons Case # 98-047919.</sup> | |||
* Count 17, Tiffany Drew, last seen December 1999. | |||
* Count 18, Sarah de Vries,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/missing_woman's_dna_located_sarah_devries_identified-aug_8,_2002.htm |title=Missing woman's DNA located, Police say Sarah deVries identified-Aug 8, 2002 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> last seen April 1998. | |||
* Count 19, Cynthia Feliks,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/pictures_provide_the_clues_to_a.htm |title=Pictures provide the clues to a daughter's lost life |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> last seen in December 1997. | |||
* Count 20, Angela Rebecca Jardine,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/women/angela.htm |title=Angela Rebecca Jardine |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> last seen November 20, 1998 between 3:30- 4p.m. at Oppenheimer Park at a rally in the downtown Eastside of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. <sup>Vancouver Police Missing Persons Case # 98.286097.</sup> | |||
* Count 21, Diana Melnick,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/women/diana.htm |title=Diana Melnick |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date=2007-01-01 |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> last seen in December 1995. | |||
* Count 22, ] – charge lifted; see below. | |||
* Count 23, Debra Lynne Jones,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/debra_lynne_jones-last_seen_dec_21,_2000.htm |title=Debra Lynne Jones-last seen Dec 21, 2000 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> last seen in December 2000. | |||
* Count 24, Wendy Crawford, last seen in December 1999. | |||
* Count 25, Kerry Koski, last seen in January 1998. | |||
* Count 26, Andrea Fay Borhaven,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/women/andrea.htm |title=Andrea Fay Borhaven |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date=2007-01-01 |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> last seen in March 1997. <sup>Vancouver Police Missing Persons Case # 99.105703.</sup> | |||
* Count 27, Cara Louise Ellis<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/cara_louise_ellis.htm |title=Cara Louise Ellis last seen in 1997 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> aka Nicky Trimble (born April 13, 1971), 25 when last seen in 1996.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/task_force_adds_four_missing_wom.htm |title=Task force adds four missing women-Nov 20, 2003 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> Reported missing October 2002. | |||
As of March 2, 2006, the murder charge involving the unidentified victim has been lifted. Pickton refused to enter a plea on the charge involving this victim, known in the proceedings as Jane Doe, so the court registered a not-guilty plea on his behalf. "The count as drawn fails to meet the minimal requirement set out in Section 581 of the Criminal Code. Accordingly, it must be quashed", wrote Justice James Williams. The detailed reasons for the judge's ruling cannot be reported in Canada because of the publication ban covering this stage of the trial. | |||
Pickton is implicated in the murders of the following women, but charges have not yet been laid (incomplete list): | |||
*Mary Ann Clark<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20061012/robert_pickton_061012/20061012?hub=Canada |date=2006-10-12 |title=RCMP: Pickton suspect in death of Victoria woman |author=Canadian Press}}</ref> aka Nancy Greek, 25, disappeared in August 1991 from downtown Victoria. | |||
*Yvonne Marie Boen (sometimes used the surname England)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/2002-2/yvonne_marie_boen-mar_28,_2002.htm |title=Yvonne Marie Boen-Mar 28, 2002 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> (born November 30, 1967), 33 when last seen on March 16, 2001 and reported missing on March 21, 2001. | |||
*Dawn Teresa Crey,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/pickton_farm_yields_23rd_woman.htm |title=Pickton farm yields 23rd woman's DNA-Jan 16, 2004 |publisher=Missingpeople.net |date= |accessdate=2011-02-10}}</ref> reported missing in December 2000. Crey is the main subject of a 2006 documentary film about murdered and missing Aboriginal women in Canada, entitled '']''.<ref name="CM">{{cite journal|last=de Vos|first=Gail |date=January 11, 2008 |title=FINDING DAWN|journal=Canadian Materials|volume= XIV |issue= 10|url=http://www.umanitoba.ca/outreach/cm/vol14/no10/findingdawn.html}}</ref><ref name="NFB.ca">{{cite web|url=http://www.nfb.ca/film/finding_dawn|title=Finding Dawn|last=Welsh|first=Christine|year=2006|work=Documentary film|publisher=National Film Board of Canada|accessdate=26 November 2009}}</ref> | |||
*Two unidentified women. | |||
After Pickton was arrested many people started coming forward and talking to police about what was going on at the farm. One of these witnesses that came forward was Lynn Ellingsen. Ellingsen claimed to have seen Pickton skinning a woman hanging from a meat hook years earlier; she did not tell anyone about this out of fear for her life.<ref name="King, Gary 2009">King, Gary. (2009). ''Butcher''. New York: Kensington Publishing.</ref> Additionally, Ellingsen admitted that she blackmailed Pickton<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2011/11/22/robert-pickton-inquiry-senior-vancouver-police-refused-ownership-of-case-court-hears|title=Robert Pickton Inquiry}}</ref> about the incident on more than one occasion. | |||
The victims' children filed a civil lawsuit in May 2013 against the Vancouver Police Department, the ] and the Crown for failing to protect the victims.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/children-of-alleged-pickton-victims-launch-civil-lawsuit-1.1319184 |title=Children of alleged Pickton victims launch civil lawsuit |date=2013-05-09|publisher=CBC News}}</ref> They reached a settlement in March 2014, where each of the children was to be compensated $50,000, without an admission of liability.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/strong-solid-settlement-sees-thirteen-of-serial-killer-robert-picktons-victims-children-get-50000-each |title=‘Strong, solid’ settlement sees thirteen of serial killer Robert Pickton’s victims’ children get $50,000 each |date=2014-03-17 |publisher=National Post }}</ref> | |||
== August 2006 "Pickton Letters" == | |||
In August 2006, ], a 27-year-old ] resident, claimed that he had received three letters from Robert Pickton in response to letters Loudamy sent under an assumed identity. | |||
In the letters, Pickton allegedly speaks with concern about the expense of the investigation, asserts his innocence, quotes and refers to the ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canada.com/topics/news/national/story.html?id=3b742afe-c303-4fb7-9042-e20479bb05cb|title=Exclusive Pickton letters|publisher=]|date=2007-12-10|accessdate=2007-12-11|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215121428/http://www.canada.com/topics/news/national/story.html?id=3b742afe-c303-4fb7-9042-e20479bb05cb|archivedate=2007-12-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canada.com/topics/news/national/story.html?id=758d4b02-2cc7-451a-9b3d-e15db3d16f2e |title=The Pickton Letters: In his own words |publisher=] |date=2007-12-10 |accessdate=2007-12-11 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215121433/http://www.canada.com/topics/news/national/story.html?id=758d4b02-2cc7-451a-9b3d-e15db3d16f2e |archivedate=2007-12-15 }}</ref> praises the trial judge, and responds in detail to (fictional) information in Loudamy's letters, which were written in the guise of Mya Barnett, a "down on her luck" woman. | |||
The news of the letters' existence was broken by '']'', in an exclusive published on Saturday, September 2, 2006, and as of that date, neither law enforcement nor any representative of Pickton has verified the authenticity of the letters. The ''Sun'', however, has undertaken several actions to confirm the documents' authenticity, including: | |||
*Confirming that the outgoing stamps are consistent with those of the ] (NFPC), where Pickton is being held; | |||
*Confirming through a representative of ] that the outgoing stamps are not forgeries; and | |||
*Confirming that the machine (identifiable with a serial number included in the stamp) used to stamp the envelopes is the machine used by the NFPC. | |||
Loudamy claimed not to have kept copies of his outgoing letters to Pickton, and as of September 4, 2006, no information on their existence has been forthcoming from Pickton or his representatives. | |||
Loudamy had a history of writing to accused and convicted criminals, in some instances under his own identity (as with his correspondence with ]), and in others in the guise of a character he believes will be more readily accepted by the targets of the letters. Loudamy, an aspiring journalist, claimed that his motivation in releasing the letters was to help the public gain insights into Pickton.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missingpeople.net/pickton_letters.htm|title= Sun Exclusive: The Pickton Letters|publisher=]|date=2006-09-02|accessdate=2007-01-22}}</ref> | |||
== 2016 film == | |||
In 2015, a film with the working title of ''Full Flood'' began production in Vancouver by ]. Based on ]'s book ''On The Farm'' it was to use the life experiences of Pickton's victims for a fictional story about women in the Downtown Eastside who became victims of a serial killer.<ref>{{cite news|title=Robert Pickton case: Movie on victims starts filming in Vancouver next week|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/robert-pickton-case-movie-on-victims-starts-filming-in-vancouver-next-week-1.2975196|accessdate=28 February 2015|work=CBC News - Arts & Entertainment|date=Feb 27, 2015}}</ref> Pickton was portrayed by ] in the film. In 2016, the film was released under the title ''Unclaimed'', or ''On the Farm'' in certain markets.<ref>https://vancouversun.com/entertainment/local-arts/on-the-farm-a-story-of-survival</ref> | |||
== 2016 autobiography == | |||
In 2016, a book claimed to have been written by Pickton and titled ''Pickton: In his Own Words'' went up for sale and initiated controversy, critical petitions and actions by government to prevent Pickton from profiting from the work. | |||
Pickton was described as getting his manuscript out of prison by passing it to a former cellmate who then sent it to a retired construction worker from California named Michael Chilldres—who typed it up and is credited as the author of the 144-page book.<ref name="ctvbook">{{cite news|title=Robert Pickton book 'deeply disturbing': B.C. solicitor general|url=http://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/robert-pickton-book-deeply-disturbing-b-c-solicitor-general-1.2787548 |work=CTV News|date=2016-02-22}}</ref> Provincial Solicitor General ] and an online petition on ] each sought to remove the book from sale on ].<ref name="ctvbook" /> Premier ] expressed interest in introducing new legislation similar to laws in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Nova Scotia and Ontario to prevent criminal profits from such books.<ref name="GM-book">{{cite news|last1=Stueck|first1=Wendy|title=Robert Pickton book pulled from production after public outcry|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/bc-governments-appeals-to-amazon-to-drop-possible-robert-pickton-memoir/article28834209/|work=The Globe and Mail|date=2016-02-22}}</ref> Colorado publisher ] ceased publication of the book and asked Amazon to remove it from their site after finding out that although Chilldres had his name on the book cover, the author was actually an incarcerated criminal.<ref name="GM-book" /> | |||
==See also== | |||
*] | *] | ||
*] | |||
*] | |||
* The 2005 film '']'' | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|30em}} | {{Reflist|30em}} | ||
==Further reading == | ==Further reading == | ||
*{{cite book| |
*{{cite book|first=Stevie|last=Cameron|title=The Pickton File|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3xF-WH4V0d0C&pg=PP1|date=May 30, 2007|publisher=Random House Digital, Inc.|isbn=978-0-676-97953-4}} | ||
*{{cite book| |
*{{cite book|first=Stevie|last=Cameron|title=On the Farm: Robert William Pickton and the Tragic Story of Vancouver's Missing Women|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U3Xjz_HulEMC&pg=PP1|date=October 25, 2011|publisher=Random House Digital, Inc.|isbn=978-0-676-97585-7}} | ||
*{{cite book |last1=Langton |first1=Jerry |title=The Notorious Bacon Brothers Inside Gang Warfare on Vancouver Streets |date=2013 |publisher=John Wiley and Sons |location=Toronto |isbn=9781118404577}} | |||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{Commons category}} | {{Commons category}} | ||
* (November 19, 2012) | |||
{{Wikinews|Robert Pickton found guilty of 6 counts of second degree murder}} | {{Wikinews|Robert Pickton found guilty of 6 counts of second degree murder}} | ||
* (November 19, 2012) | |||
*''R. v. Pickton'', {{lexum-scc|2010|32}} (July 30, 2010) | |||
* (June 25, 2009) (defence appeal) | * ''R. v. Pickton'', {{lexum-scc|2010|32}} (July 30, 2010) | ||
* (June 25, 2009) (defence appeal) | |||
* (June 25, 2009) (Crown appeal) | * (June 25, 2009) (Crown appeal) | ||
* (December 13, 2007) (ruling re: re-instructing the jury) | * (December 13, 2007) (ruling re: re-instructing the jury) | ||
* (January 16, 2007) (ruling re: media application to access and publish exhibits #1) | * (January 16, 2007) (ruling re: media application to access and publish exhibits #1) | ||
* (Court Services, Ministry of Attorney General) | * (Court Services, Ministry of Attorney General) | ||
* | * | ||
* | * | ||
*TruTV article on | * TruTV article on | ||
* | * {{usurped|}} | ||
* (2007-01-21) | * (2007-01-21) | ||
* | * {{usurped|}} | ||
*, June 4–6, 2007 | * , June 4–6, 2007 | ||
* (downloadable PDF book written by sex workers) | * {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206115117/http://www.sfu.ca/community/sexwork.htm |date=December 6, 2013}} (downloadable PDF book written by sex workers) | ||
* obtained by ] |
* obtained by '']'' | ||
*, part of research stored at Simon Fraser University Library. | * , part of research stored at Simon Fraser University Library. | ||
{{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 00:17, 11 January 2025
Canadian serial killer (1949–2024)
Robert Pickton | |
---|---|
Pickton in 1996 | |
Born | Robert William Pickton (1949-10-24)October 24, 1949 Port Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada |
Died | May 31, 2024(2024-05-31) (aged 74) Quebec City, Quebec, Canada |
Conviction(s) | Second-degree murder (×6) |
Criminal penalty | Life imprisonment with no possibility of parole for 25 years |
Details | |
Victims | 6 convicted 26 charged 49 confessed |
Span of crimes | 1978–2001 |
Country | Canada |
Date apprehended | February 22, 2002 |
Robert William Pickton (October 24, 1949 – May 31, 2024), also known as the Pig Farmer Killer or the Butcher, was a Canadian serial killer and pig farmer. After dropping out of school, he left a butcher's apprenticeship to begin working full-time at his family's pig farm, and inherited it in the early 1990s.
Between 1995 and 2001, Pickton is believed to have murdered at least 26 women, many of them prostitutes from Vancouver's Downtown Eastside. Pickton would confess to 49 murders to an undercover RCMP officer disguised as a cellmate, going on to say he wanted to make it an even 50, but thought he was caught because he got "sloppy". In 2007, he was convicted on six counts of second-degree murder and sentenced to life in prison with no possibility of parole for 25 years—the longest possible sentence for second-degree murder under Canadian law at the time.
In 2010, the Crown attorney officially stayed the remaining 20 murder charges, allowing previously unrevealed information to be made available to the public, including that Pickton previously had a 1997 attempted murder charge dropped. Crown prosecutors reasoned that staying the additional charges made the most sense, since Pickton was already serving the maximum sentence allowable.
The discovery of Pickton's crimes sparked widespread outrage and forced the Canadian government to acknowledge the crisis of missing and murdered Indigenous women, with the British Columbia provincial government forming the Missing Women Commission of Inquiry to examine the role of the police in the matter. Pickton died in 2024 after being attacked in prison by another inmate.
Early life and criminal history
Robert Pickton was born on October 24, 1949, to Leonard Francis Pickton (1896–1977) and Louise Helene Arnal (1912–1979), a family of pig farmers in Port Coquitlam, British Columbia, 27 kilometres (17 miles) east of Vancouver. Pickton's older sister, Linda Louise Wright, was sent off to live with relatives in Vancouver as their parents thought that the family pig farm would be an inappropriate setting to raise a young girl. Robert and his younger brother, David Francis Pickton, began working at the farm at an early age, and their mother was very demanding, prioritizing the pigs over the brothers' personal hygiene, and forcing them to work long hours raising the farm's livestock.
Louise often sent the brothers to school in unwashed dirty clothes, reeking of manure and earning them the nickname "stinky piggy" from their classmates. Robert was strongly attached to her and rarely interacted with his abusive father. He struggled in school, being put in a special class after failing grade two. At the age of 12, he began raising a calf which became his beloved pet. Two weeks later, after not finding it after school, he was told to check the barn, and was distraught to find it slaughtered.
Pickton dropped out of school in 1963 and began working as a meat cutter. He continued to do so for nearly seven years before leaving to work full-time at the farm. In 1978 and 1979, the parents died and the siblings inherited the pig farm, selling parts for C$5.16 million. Worker Bill Hiscox called the farm a "creepy-looking place" patrolled by a 612-pound boar and described Pickton as a "pretty quiet guy, hard to strike up a conversation with", whose occasional bizarre behaviour, despite no evidence of substance abuse, would draw attention. Pickton became wealthy by selling parts of his farmland to property developers as the economy of the Lower Mainland grew exponentially in the 1980s–1990s. He often hosted parties at an ad hoc nightclub called Piggy's Palace, which attracted the political and economic elites of the Lower Mainland along with the Hells Angels. Starting in the 1990s, women living in the Lower Mainland, most notably on the impoverished Downtown Eastside of Vancouver, had started to go missing, leading to speculation in the media that a serial killer was operating. The majority of the missing women were Indigenous women, women with substance use disorders, and sex workers.
On March 23, 1997, Pickton was charged with the attempted murder of sex worker Wendy Lynn Eistetter, whom he had stabbed 4 times during an altercation at the farm. She told police he had handcuffed her, and that she had escaped after suffering several lacerations. She told them she had disarmed him and stabbed him with his weapon. He sought treatment at Eagle Ridge Hospital, while Eistetter recovered at the nearest emergency room.
Pickton was released on C$2,000 bond and the attempted-murder charge against him was stayed on January 27, 1998, because Eistetter had drug addiction issues and prosecutors believed her too unstable for her testimony to help secure a conviction. David was convicted of sexual assault in 1992, being fined C$1,000 and given 30 days' probation. In that case the victim told police that David had attacked her in his trailer at the pig farm, but she managed to escape. Robert had also been sued three times for traffic offences in 1988 and 1991, settling all three claims out of court.
The Pickton brothers were eventually sued by Port Coquitlam officials for violating zoning ordinances—neglecting the agriculture for which it had been zoned, and having "altered a large farm building on the land for the purpose of holding dances, concerts and other recreations". They had begun to neglect the site's farming operations and registered a non-profit charity, the Piggy Palace Good Times Society, with the Canadian government in 1996, claiming to "organize, co-ordinate, manage and operate special events, functions, dances, shows and exhibitions on behalf of service organizations, sports organizations and other worthy groups".
Its events included raves and wild parties featuring Vancouver sex workers and gatherings in a converted slaughterhouse on the farm at 953 Dominion Avenue in Port Coquitlam. These events attracted as many as 2,000 people and members of the Hells Angels were known to frequent the farm. Subsequently, the Pickton brothers ignored growing legal pressure and held a 1998 New Year's Eve party, after which they were faced with an injunction banning future parties; the police were "authorized to arrest and remove any person" attending future events at the farm. The society's non-profit status was removed the following year, for inability to produce financial statements. It was subsequently disbanded. An employee of Pickton found several purses belonging to the missing women from the Downtown Eastside and reported Pickton to the police. The police conducted three searches of the farm, but found no evidence. In June 1999, the police received a tip that Pickton had a freezer full of human flesh in his farmhouse, which the police ignored.
Discovery and investigation
On February 6, 2002, police executed a search warrant for illegal firearms at the Pickton property. Both Pickton brothers were arrested and police obtained a second warrant using what they had seen on the property to search the farm as part of the BC Missing Women Investigation. Personal items belonging to missing women were found at the farm, which was sealed off by members of the joint RCMP–Vancouver Police Department task force. The following day, Pickton was charged with weapons offences. Both Picktons were later released and Robert was kept under police surveillance.
On February 22, 2002, Robert Pickton was arrested again and charged with two counts of first degree murder in the deaths of Sereena Abotsway and Mona Wilson. On April 2, three more charges were added for the murders of Jacqueline McDonell, Dianne Rock, and Heather Bottomley. A sixth for the murder of Andrea Joesbury was laid on April 9, followed shortly by a seventh for Brenda Wolfe. On September 20, four more were added for Georgina Papin, Patricia Johnson, Helen Hallmark, and Jennifer Furminger. Another four for Heather Chinnock, Tanya Holyk, Sherry Irving, and Inga Hall were laid on October 3. On May 26, 2005, 12 more came for Cara Ellis, Andrea Borhaven, Debra Lynne Jones, Marnie Frey, Tiffany Drew, Kerry Koski, Sarah de Vries, Cynthia Feliks, Angela Jardine, Wendy Crawford, Diana Melnick, and Jane Doe, bringing the total to 27.
Excavations continued at the farm through November 2003; the cost of the investigation is estimated to have been C$70 million by the end of 2003, according to the provincial government. The property was fenced off under lien by the Crown in Right of British Columbia and remained so as-of 2023. In the meantime, all the buildings on the property, except a small barn, had been demolished. Forensic analysis proved difficult because the bodies may have been left to decompose, or be eaten by insects and pigs on the farm.
During the early days of the excavations, forensic anthropologists brought in heavy equipment, including two 50-foot (15-metre) flat conveyor belts and soil sifters to find traces of human remains. On March 10, 2004, the government revealed that Pickton may have ground up human flesh and mixed it with pork that he sold to the public; the province's health authority later issued a warning. Another claim was made that he fed the bodies directly to his pigs. In 2003, a preliminary hearing was held and the clothes and rubber boots that Pickton had been wearing during the Eistetter assault were seized by police from an RCMP storage locker. In 2004, lab testing showed that the DNA of two women (Borhaven and Ellis) were on the items.
Trial
Pickton's trial began on January 30, 2006, in New Westminster. Pickton pleaded not guilty to the 27 charges of first-degree murder in the Supreme Court of British Columbia. The voir dire phase of the trial took most of the year to determine what evidence might be admitted before the jury. Reporters were not allowed to disclose any of the material presented in the arguments. On March 17, one of the counts was rejected by Justice James Williams for lack of evidence. On August 9, Justice Williams severed the charges, splitting them into one group of six counts and another of twenty.
The trial proceeded on the group of six counts. The remaining 20 were stayed on August 4, 2010. Because of the publication ban, full details of the decision were not made publicly available, but Justice Williams explained that trying all 26 charges at once would put an unreasonable burden on the jury as the trial could have lasted up to two years; it would also have increased the possibility of mistrial.
The initial date for the jury trial on the first six counts was January 8, 2007, but it was postponed to January 22. On that date, Pickton faced first-degree murder charges in the deaths of Frey, Abotsway, Papin, Joesbury, Wolfe, and Wilson. The media ban was eventually lifted, and the details of what was found during the investigation were publicly released:
- During Pickton's trial, lab staff testified that about eighty unidentified DNA profiles, roughly half male and half female, have been detected on evidence.
- A loaded .22 revolver with a dildo over the barrel and one round fired, boxes of .357 Magnum handgun ammunition, night-vision goggles, two pairs of faux fur-lined handcuffs, a syringe with three millilitres of blue liquid inside, and "Spanish fly" aphrodisiac were found inside Pickton's trailer. In a videotaped recording played for the jury, Pickton claimed to have attached the dildo to his weapon as a makeshift silencer; this explanation was impractical at best, as revolvers are near-impossible to silence in this manner.
- A videotape of Pickton's friend Scott Chubb saying Pickton had told him a good way to kill a female heroin addict was to inject her with windshield washer fluid. A second tape was played for Pickton, in which an associate named Andrew Bellwood said Pickton mentioned killing sex workers by handcuffing and strangling them, then bleeding and gutting them before feeding them to pigs.
- Photos of the contents of a garbage can found in Pickton's slaughterhouse, which held some remains of victim Mona Wilson.
On December 9, 2007, the jury found Pickton not guilty on six counts of first-degree murder, but he was found guilty on six counts of second-degree murder. On December 11, 2007, after reading eighteen victim impact statements, British Columbia Supreme Court Judge Justice James Williams sentenced Pickton to life with no possibility of parole for 25 years—the maximum punishment for second-degree murder—and equal to the sentence which would have been imposed for a first-degree murder conviction, stating: "Mr. Pickton's conduct was murderous and repeatedly so. I cannot know the details but I know this: What happened to them was senseless and despicable."
Victims
On December 9, 2007, Pickton was convicted of second-degree murder in the deaths of six women:
- Count One: Sereena Abotsway, 29, reported missing on August 22, 2001
- Count Two: Mona Lee Wilson, 26, reported missing on November 30, 2001
- Count Six: Andrea Joesbury, 22, reported missing June 8, 2001
- Count Seven: Brenda Ann Wolfe, 32, reported missing on April 25, 2000
- Count Eleven: Georgina Faith Papin, 34, reported missing in March 2001
- Count Sixteen: Marnie Lee Anne Frey, 24, reported missing on December 29, 1997
Pickton also stood accused of first-degree murder in the deaths of 21 other women. These charges were stayed on August 4, 2010:
- Count Three: Jacquelene Michelle McDonell, 22, reported missing on January 16, 1999
- Count Four: Dianne Rosemary Rock, 34, reported missing on December 13, 2001
- Count Five: Heather Kathleen Bottomley, 27, reported missing on April 17, 2001
- Count Eight: Jennifer Lynn Furminger, 28, reported missing on December 27, 1999
- Count Nine: Helen Mae Hallmark, 20, reported missing on June 15, 1997
- Count Ten: Patricia Rose Johnson, 25, reported missing on January 2, 2001
- Count Twelve: Heather Gabrielle Chinnock, 30, last seen in April 2001
- Count Thirteen: Tanya Holyk, 23, reported missing on November 3, 1996
- Count Fourteen: Sherry Leigh Irving, 24, reported missing on February 22, 1997
- Count Fifteen: Inga Monique Hall, 46, last seen in February 1998
- Count Seventeen: Tiffany Louise Drew, 27, reported missing on December 31, 1999
- Count Eighteen: Sarah Jean de Vries, 29, last seen in April 1998
- Count Nineteen: Cynthia "Cindy" Feliks, 43, last seen in December 1997
- Count Twenty: Angela Rebecca Jardine, 27, reported missing on November 20, 1998
- Count Twenty-One: Diana Melnick, 23, last seen in December 1995
- Count Twenty-Two: Mission Jane Doe, discovered on February 25, 1995
- Count Twenty-Three: Debra Lynne Jones, 42, last seen in December 2000
- Count Twenty-Four: Wendy Crawford, 43, last seen in December 1999
- Count Twenty-Five: Kerry Lynn Koski, 38, reported missing on January 7, 1998
- Count Twenty-Six: Andrea Fay Borhaven, 25, last seen in March 1997
- Count Twenty-Seven: Cara Louise Ellis, 25, reported missing on January 21, 1997
Pickton was implicated in the deaths of but not charged with the murders of three women:
- Mary Ann Clark, 25, disappeared in August 1991.
- Yvonne Marie Boen, 33, reported missing on March 16, 2001
- Dawn Teresa Crey, 42, last seen in December 2000
After Pickton was arrested, witness Lynn Ellingsen came forward to authorities claiming to have seen Pickton skinning a woman hanging from a meat hook years earlier and claimed she had not told anyone about it out of fear of losing her life. However, Ellingsen admitted she had blackmailed Pickton about the incident on more than one occasion.
The victims' children filed a civil lawsuit in May 2013 against the Vancouver Police Department, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and the Crown for failing to protect the victims. They reached a settlement in March 2014, and each child was compensated C$50,000 (equivalent to C$62,740 in 2023), without admission of liability.
British Columbia Court of Appeal
Crown appeal
On January 7, 2008, the Attorney General filed an appeal in the British Columbia Court of Appeal, against Pickton's acquittals on the first-degree murder charges. The grounds of appeal related to a number of evidentiary rulings made by the trial judge, certain aspects of the trial judge's jury instructions, and the ruling to sever the six charges Pickton was tried on from the remaining twenty. Although Pickton had been acquitted on the first-degree murder charges, he was convicted of second-degree murder and received the same sentence as he would have on first-degree murder convictions. The relatives of the victims expressed concern that the convictions would be jeopardized if the Crown argued that the trial judge had made errors. Opposition critic Leonard Krog criticized the Attorney-General for not having briefed the victims' families in advance.
Wally Oppal apologized to the victims' families for not informing them of the appeal before it was announced to the general public. Oppal also said that the appeal was filed largely for "strategic" reasons, in anticipation of an appeal by the defence. Under the applicable rules of court, the time period for the Crown to appeal expired thirty days after December 9, when the verdicts were rendered, while the time period for the defence to appeal expired thirty days after December 11, when Pickton was sentenced.
Defence appeal
On January 9, 2008, lawyers for Pickton filed a notice of appeal in the British Columbia Court of Appeal, seeking a new trial on six counts of second-degree murder. The notice of appeal enumerated various areas in which the defence alleged that the trial judge erred: the main charge to the jury, the response to the jurors' questions, amending the jury charge, similar fact evidence, and Pickton's statements to the police.
Decisions
The British Columbia Court of Appeal issued its decisions on June 25, 2009, including some banned from publication. It dismissed the defence appeal by a 2:1 majority. Due to a dissent on a point of law, Pickton was entitled to appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada, without first seeking leave to appeal. His notice of appeal was filed in the Supreme Court of Canada on August 24, 2009. The Court of Appeal allowed the Crown appeal, finding that the trial judge erred in excluding some evidence and in severing six counts from the rest. The order resulting from this severance was stayed, so that the conviction on the six counts of second degree murder was not set aside.
Supreme Court appeal
On June 26, 2009, Pickton's lawyers confirmed that they would exercise his right to appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada. The appeal was based on the dissent in the British Columbia Court of Appeal. While Pickton had an automatic right to appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada based on the legal issues on which Justice Donald had dissented, Pickton's lawyers applied to the Supreme Court of Canada for leave to appeal on other issues as well. On November 26, 2009, the Supreme Court of Canada granted this application for leave to appeal. The effect of this was to broaden the scope of Pickton's appeal, allowing him to raise arguments that had been rejected unanimously in the British Columbia Court of Appeal. On July 30, 2010, the Supreme Court of Canada rendered its decision dismissing Pickton's appeal and affirming his convictions. The argument that Pickton should be granted a new trial was unanimously rejected by the Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada.
Although unanimous in its result, the Supreme Court split six to three in its legal analysis of the case. The issue was whether the trial judge made a legal error in his instructions to the jury, and in particular in his "re-instruction" responding to the jury's question about Pickton's liability if he was not the only person involved. Writing for the majority, Madam Justice Charron found that "the trial judge's response to the question posed by the jury did not adversely impact on the fairness of the trial". She further found that the trial judge's overall instructions with respect to other suspects "compendiously captured the alternative routes to liability that were realistically in issue in this trial. The jury was also correctly instructed that it could convict Mr. Pickton if the Crown proved this level of participation coupled with the requisite intent." Justice Louis LeBel, writing for the minority, found that the jury was not properly informed "of the legal principles which would have allowed them as triers of fact to consider evidence of Mr. Pickton's aid and encouragement to an unknown shooter, as an alternative means of imposing liability for the murders".
Judicial aftermath
Discontinuance of prosecution
British Columbia Crown spokesman Neil MacKenzie announced that prosecution of the 20 other murder charges would likely be discontinued: "In reaching this position, the branch has taken into account the fact that any additional convictions could not result in any increase to the sentence that Mr. Pickton has already received." Families of the victims had varied reactions to this announcement. Some were disappointed that Pickton would never be convicted of the twenty other murders, while others were relieved that the gruesome details of the murders would not be aired in court.
Management review of investigation
In 2010, the Vancouver Police Department issued a statement that an "exhaustive management review of the Missing Women Investigation" had been conducted, and the Vancouver Police Department would make the Review available to the public once the criminal matters are concluded and the publication bans are removed. In addition, the Vancouver Police Department disclosed that for several years it has "communicated privately to the Provincial Government that it believed a Public Inquiry would be necessary for an impartial examination of why it took so long for Robert Pickton to be arrested". In August 2010, the publication ban imposed during Pickton's trial in 2006 was lifted. The journalist Jerry Langton wrote: "The now-public details of the investigation and trial appalled many. The unwillingness of the police to pursue Pickton, despite overwhelming evidence, smacked hard of racism, sexism, and bias against drug addicts and sex workers. Many felt that the police treated crimes against aboriginals, drug addicts, sex workers and, in particular women, as less important than they should have". The Pickton case seriously damaged the image of the police forces of the Lower Mainland.
Apology by police department
At a press conference, Deputy Chief Constable Doug LePard of the Vancouver Police Department apologized to the victims' families: "I wish from the bottom of my heart that we would have caught him sooner. I wish that, the several agencies involved, that we could have done better in so many ways. I wish that all the mistakes that were made, we could undo. And I wish that more lives would have been saved. So on my behalf and behalf of the Vancouver Police Department and all the men and women that worked on this investigation, I would say to the families how sorry we all are for your losses and because we did not catch this monster sooner."
Inquiry
After Pickton lost his final appeal at the Supreme Court of Canada, the Missing Women Commission of Inquiry chaired by Wally Oppal was called to examine the role of the Vancouver police and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in the disappearances and murders of women in the Downtown Eastside. Families of the missing and murdered women have been calling for public hearings since before Pickton was arrested and eventually convicted of six murders. The commission's final report submission to the Attorney General was dated November 19, 2012, and was released to the public on December 17. During the inquiry, lawyers for some of the victims' families sought to have an unpublished 289-page manuscript authored by former police investigator Lorimer Shenher entered as evidence and made entirely public. Several passages were read into the inquiry's record but Commissioner Oppal declined to publicize the entire manuscript. As an extension of The Missing Women Commission of Inquiry, the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls was formed by the Government of Canada in September 2016.
Transfer to penitentiary
During a court hearing on August 4, 2010, Judge Williams stated that Pickton should be committed to a federal penitentiary; up to that point he had been held at a provincial pretrial institution. In June 2018, he was transferred from Kent Institution in British Columbia to Port-Cartier Institution in Quebec.
Parole eligibility
In February 2024, Pickton became eligible to apply for day parole. No Parole Board of Canada hearing was scheduled.
Death
On May 19, 2024, Pickton was attacked by another prisoner at the Port-Cartier Institution in Quebec. The prisoner, Martin Charest, described as having a history of assaulting other prisoners, "speared" Pickton in the head with a "broken broom-like handle". Pickton was airlifted to a hospital and put on life support. He died at a hospital in Quebec City from complications of the attack on May 31.
Media and merchandise
A major plotline in the Canadian crime drama Da Vinci's Inquest deals with a spate of missing women thought to be victims of a prolific serial killer hunting in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside. Pickton is not directly referred to by name, but starting in the show's fifth season characters and advertisements made reference to "the pig farm" in relation to the case.
In August 2006, Thomas Loudamy, a 27-year-old Fremont, California, resident, claimed that he had received three letters from Pickton in response to letters Loudamy sent under an assumed identity. Loudamy, an aspiring journalist, claimed that his motivation in releasing the letters was to help the public gain insights into Pickton.
Killer Pickton is a 2005 American horror film loosely based on Pickton's killings. In 2015, a film with the working title of Full Flood began production in Vancouver by CBC-TV. Based on Stevie Cameron's book On The Farm, it was to use the life experiences of Pickton's victims for a fictional story about women in the Downtown Eastside who became victims of a serial killer. Pickton was portrayed by Ben Cotton in the film. In 2016, the film was released under the title Unclaimed, and also as On the Farm in certain markets.
In 2009, the Criminal Minds season 4 two-part finale, "To Hell ... And Back", based the storyline on Pickton's case. Though names and locations were changed (Pickton's character was named Mason Turner, and acts take place in Ontario instead of British Columbia), many key details were used, including two brothers living on a run-down family pig farm who would abduct sex workers and homeless women and bringing them back to the farm before feeding the remains to the pigs.
In 2011, Vancouver artist Pamela Masik planned to mount an art exhibition, The Forgotten, featuring portraits of some of Pickton's victims, at the University of British Columbia's Museum of Anthropology, which declined to host it after some controversy. The incident was profiled by Damon Vignale in the 2013 documentary film The Exhibition.
In 2011, a documentary was released, titled The Pig Farm, which outlined the flawed investigative work by the RCMP and the Vancouver Police Service. Details emerged about the impossibly long list of suspects, departmental in-fighting and lack of resources.
In 2016, a purported autobiography, Pickton: In his Own Words, was released. Its publication and marketing initiated controversy, critical petitions, and government action to stop him from profiting from the work. Pig Killer, a biopic written and directed by Chad Ferrin, starring Jake Busey as Pickton, was released in select theatres on November 17, 2023.
In 2024, the comedy troupe Danger Cats was selling T-shirts online with a caricature of Pickton headlined with "Pickton Farms". Under the caricature was the tagline "Over 50 flavors of hookery smoked bacon". The shirt caused controversy. The British Columbia premier David Eby expressed his outrage: "All I can say is how deeply disappointed I am by the idea that the lives of vulnerable women could be trivialized like this." Upcoming shows of Danger Cats were cancelled and the shirt was removed from their online store.
See also
References
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While Pickton was being held in jail in Surrey, British Columbia, he shared a cell with an undercover RCMP officer he believed to be another detainee.
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Further reading
- Cameron, Stevie (May 30, 2007). The Pickton File. Random House Digital, Inc. ISBN 978-0-676-97953-4.
- Cameron, Stevie (October 25, 2011). On the Farm: Robert William Pickton and the Tragic Story of Vancouver's Missing Women. Random House Digital, Inc. ISBN 978-0-676-97585-7.
- Langton, Jerry (2013). The Notorious Bacon Brothers Inside Gang Warfare on Vancouver Streets. Toronto: John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 9781118404577.
External links
- Women Commission of Inquiry ("Oppal") Report (November 19, 2012)
- R. v. Pickton, Full text of Supreme Court of Canada decision available at LexUM and CanLII (July 30, 2010)
- R. v. Pickton, decision of the Court of Appeal for British Columbia (June 25, 2009) (defence appeal)
- R. v. Pickton, decision of the Court of Appeal for British Columbia (June 25, 2009) (Crown appeal)
- R. v. Pickton, decision of the Supreme Court of British Columbia (December 13, 2007) (ruling re: re-instructing the jury)
- R. v. Pickton, decision of the Supreme Court of British Columbia (January 16, 2007) (ruling re: media application to access and publish exhibits #1)
- Robert William Pickton Trial Information (Court Services, Ministry of Attorney General)
- Covering The Trial: Former Sex Trade Workers Work As Citizen Correspondents For Orato
- Backgrounder
- TruTV article on Robert Pickton
- Vancouver Eastside Missing Women
- BBC Article on Pickton (2007-01-21)
- Excerpts from 'The Pickton letters'
- Pat Casanova testimony, June 4–6, 2007
- History of Sex Work in Vancouver Archived December 6, 2013, at the Wayback Machine (downloadable PDF book written by sex workers)
- PDFs of the Pickton letters obtained by The Vancouver Sun
- Interviews and oral histories with victims' families and community workers, part of research stored at Simon Fraser University Library.
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