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{{short description|rock formation in Western Australia}} {{Short description|Rock formation in Western Australia}}
{{Distinguish|The Wave, Arizona}} {{Distinguish|The Wave, Arizona}}
{{pp-pc1}} {{pp-pc1}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2012}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Use Australian English|date=January 2012}} {{Use Australian English|date=January 2012}}
{{stack
{{Infobox Australian place |1={{Infobox Australian place
| type = other | type = other
| name = Wave Rock | name = Wave Rock
| native_name = Katter Kich
| state = wa | state = wa
| image = Wave rock (2005).jpg | image = Wave rock (2005).jpg
| caption = | caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|32|26|38|S|118|53|53|E|display=inline,title}} | coordinates = {{coord |region:AU-WA_type:mountain_dim:2500 |name={{wikidata |property |P1448 }} |display=inline,title |format=dms}}
| dist1 = 3 | dist1 = 3
| dir1 = E | dir1 = E
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| rainfall = | rainfall =
}} }}
{{Infobox designation list |2={{Infobox designation list
|embed = no |embed = no

⚫ |designation1 = Australian Register of the National Estate
|designation1 = State Register of Heritage Places
|designation1_offname = Wave Rock and Environs |designation1_offname = Wave Rock & Environs
|designation1_type = Natural
|designation1_type = Aboriginal Heritage Sites Register
|designation1_criteria = |designation1_criteria =
|designation1_date = |designation1_date = 21 August 1995
|delisted1_date = |delisted1_date =
|designation1_partof = |designation1_partof =
|designation1_number = {{RNE|17137}} |designation1_number = {{SRHP|4466}}
|designation1_free2name = Place File Number |designation1_free2name = Status
|designation1_free2value = 5/06/099/0004 |designation1_free2value = Registered

⚫ |designation2 = Australian Register of the National Estate
|designation2_offname = Wave Rock and Environs
|designation2_type = Natural
|designation2_criteria =
|designation2_date =
|delisted2_date =
|designation2_partof =
|designation2_number = {{RNE|17137}}
|designation2_free2name = Place File Number
|designation2_free2value = 5/06/099/0004
}}
}} }}

'''Wave Rock''' is a natural rock formation that is shaped like a tall breaking ]. The "wave" is about {{convert|15|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} high and around {{convert|110|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} long. It forms the north side of a solitary hill, which is known as "Hyden Rock". This hill, which is a ] ], lies about {{convert|3|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} east of the small town of ] and {{convert|296|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} east-southeast of ].<ref name="Twidale1968a">] (1968) ''Origin of Wave Rock, Hyden.'' Transactions of the Royal Academy of South Australia. vol. 92, pp. 115–124.</ref> Wave Rock and Hyden Rock are part of a {{convert|160|ha|acre|0|abbr=on|adj=on}} nature reserve, Hyden Wildlife Park. More than 100,000 tourists visit every year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wheatbelttourism.com/where-to-stay/hyden/|title=Hyden|website=Central Wheatbelt Visitor Centre|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-16}}</ref> '''Wave Rock''' ({{langx|nys|Katter Kich}}) is a natural rock formation that is shaped like a tall breaking ].<ref>{{Cite web|title=About the Ballardong Region {{!}} Kaartdijin Noongar|url=https://www.noongarculture.org.au/ballardong/|access-date=2021-02-12}}</ref> The "wave" is about {{convert|15|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} high and around {{convert|110|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} long. It forms the north side of a solitary hill, which is known as "Hyden Rock". This hill, which is a ] ], lies about {{convert|3|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} east of the small town of ] and {{convert|296|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} east-southeast of ], Western Australia.<ref name="Twidale1968a">] (1968) ''Origin of Wave Rock, Hyden.'' Transactions of the Royal Academy of South Australia. vol. 92, pp. 115–124.</ref> Wave Rock and Hyden Rock are part of a {{convert|160|ha|acre|0|abbr=on|adj=on}} nature reserve, Hyden Wildlife Park. More than 100,000 tourists visit every year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wheatbelttourism.com/where-to-stay/hyden/|title=Hyden|website=Central Wheatbelt Visitor Centre|access-date=2019-05-16}}</ref>


==Dam== ==Dam==
A wall lies above Wave Rock about halfway up Hyden Rock and follows the contours of the wall. It collects and funnels rainwater to a storage dam.<ref name="Twidale1968a"/> The wall and dam were constructed in December 1928 by the ] for the original settlers of East Karlgarin District. Both were renovated in 1951 to increase water capacity for the Hyden township. Such walls are common on many similar rocks in the ]. A wall lies above Wave Rock about halfway up Hyden Rock and follows the contours of the rock surface. It collects and funnels rainwater to a storage dam.<ref name="Twidale1968a"/> The wall and dam were constructed in December 1928 by the ] for the colonist settlers of East Karlgarin District. Both were renovated in 1951 to increase water capacity for the Hyden township. Such walls are common on many similar rocks in the ].


==Dreamtime== ==Dreamtime==
Wave Rock has cultural significance to ] people.<ref>{{cite web|title=Noongar Native Title Settlement Information|url=http://www.noongar.org.au/assets/Final_Quick_Web_Version_edited_for_Gov_v2.pdf|publisher=Southwest Land and Sea Council|accessdate=6 December 2015|date=7 October 2014}}</ref> Local tribes believed that wave rock was a creation of the ], and was created in her wake by dragging her swollen body over the land after she had consumed all of the water in the land. They respected this area as an icon of cultural learning; a moral from this ] tale was to be remembered for life.<ref>{{cite journal |last=The Australian Society for Microbiology |date=September 2001 |title=Microbiology Australia |url=http://microbiology.publish.csiro.au/ |journal=Microbiology Australia |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=13–16 |access-date=23 June 2016}}</ref> Wave Rock has cultural significance to ] people, who call it {{lang|nys|Katter Kich}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=Noongar Native Title Settlement Information|url=http://www.noongar.org.au/assets/Final_Quick_Web_Version_edited_for_Gov_v2.pdf|publisher=Southwest Land and Sea Council|access-date=6 December 2015|date=7 October 2014}}</ref><ref name="abc 2023-10-21">{{cite news |last1=Fiore |first1=Briana |title=WA's iconic Wave Rock appears to be changing its colour |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-10-21/wave-rock-in-hyden-changing-colour/102994070 |access-date=2023-10-21 |work=] |date=2023-10-21 |language=en-AU}}</ref> Local tribes believed that wave rock was a creation of the ], and was created in her wake by dragging her swollen body over the land after she had consumed all of the water in the land. They respected this area as an icon of cultural learning; a moral from this ] tale was to be remembered for life.<ref name="abc 2023-10-21"/><ref>{{cite journal |last=The Australian Society for Microbiology |date=September 2001 |title=Microbiology Australia |url=http://microbiology.publish.csiro.au/ |journal=Microbiology Australia |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=13–16 |access-date=23 June 2016}}</ref>
The rock is part of a ] trail that extends from the south coast near ] to the ] country to the north east. Other features along the trail include ], ], ], Jitarning Rock and ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blazingswan.com.au/wp-content/uploads/Jilakin-Rock.pdf|title=Belief systems|accessdate=4 December 2018|publisher=Blazing Swans}}</ref> The rock is part of a ] trail that extends from the south coast near ] to the ] country to the north east. Other features along the trail include ], ], ], Jitarning Rock and ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blazingswan.com.au/wp-content/uploads/Jilakin-Rock.pdf|title=Belief systems|access-date=4 December 2018|publisher=Blazing Swans}}</ref>


==Geomorphology== ==Geomorphology==
Hyden Rock, of which Wave Rock is part, consists of 2.63 billion year-old ] ] ] ] that is part of the ].<ref name="QuiOthers1999a">Qiu, Y., and N. J. McNaughton (1999) ''Source of Pb in orogenic lode-gold mineralisation: Pb isotope constraints from deep crustal rocks from the southwestern Archaean Yilgarn Craton, Australia.'' Mineralium Deposita. 34:366–381.</ref> Hyden Rock is a ] ], which consists of three domes. The central and western domes are separated by a deep valley, which is now occupied by a reservoir. The central and eastern domes are linked by a low platform. A multistage process of landform development created these domes. The initial step in the development of Hyden Rock was the subsurface alteration by weathering of granite bedrock beneath a ] land surface during the ] Period between 100–130 million years ago. Depending on the degree to which it was fractured by ], the granite bedrock underlying this surface was altered to varying depths beneath the land surface. This process formed underground "domes" of solid granite bedrock surrounded by deeply weathered, relatively loose, and disaggregated granite. Following separation of Australia and Antarctica and accompanying tilting of what became southwestern Australia, periodic erosion of the deeply weathered granite, which underlaid the surrounding land surface, exposed these buried solid bedrock domes over time as Hyden Rock.<ref name="TwidaleOthers2002a">Twidale, C. R., J. A. Bourne, and J. R. Vidal Romani (2002) Cadernos do Laboratório Xeolóxico de Laxe. 27:55–76.</ref><ref name="TwidaleOthers2005a">Twidale, C. R., and J. R. V. Romani (2005) ''Landforms and Geology of Granite Terrains.'' Taylor & Francis, New York, 359 pp.</ref> Hyden Rock, of which Wave Rock is part, consists of 2.63 billion year-old ] ] ] ] that is part of the ].<ref name="QuiOthers1999a">Qiu, Y., and N. J. McNaughton (1999) ''Source of Pb in orogenic lode-gold mineralisation: Pb isotope constraints from deep crustal rocks from the southwestern Archaean Yilgarn Craton, Australia.'' Mineralium Deposita. 34:366–381.</ref> Hyden Rock is a ] ], which consists of three domes. The central and western domes are separated by a deep valley, which is now occupied by a reservoir. The central and eastern domes are linked by a low platform. A multistage process of landform development created these domes. The initial step in the development of Hyden Rock was the subsurface alteration by weathering of granite bedrock beneath a ] land surface during the ] Period between 100 and 130 million years ago. Depending on the degree to which it was fractured by ], the granite bedrock underlying this surface was altered to varying depths beneath the land surface. This process formed underground "domes" of solid granite bedrock surrounded by deeply weathered, relatively loose, and disaggregated granite. Following separation of Australia and Antarctica and accompanying tilting of what became southwestern Australia, periodic erosion of the deeply weathered granite, which underlaid the surrounding land surface, exposed these buried solid bedrock domes over time as Hyden Rock.<ref name="TwidaleOthers2002a">Twidale, C. R., J. A. Bourne, and J. R. Vidal Romani (2002) Cadernos do Laboratório Xeolóxico de Laxe. 27:55–76.</ref><ref name="TwidaleOthers2005a">Twidale, C. R., and J. R. V. Romani (2005) ''Landforms and Geology of Granite Terrains.'' Taylor & Francis, New York, 359 pp.</ref>
] ]


Wave Rock is a spectacular example of what geomorphologists call a "]". A flared slope is a concave-upward or -inward bedrock surface that is typically found around the base of inselbergs, ]s, and granitic boulders and also on their higher slopes. Flared slopes like Wave Rock are particularly well developed in granitic landforms of south-western and southern Australia. The flared slopes are argued to have formed by the concentrated chemical weathering around the base of an inselberg by groundwater. The chemical weathering of the bedrock by groundwater produces a concave-upward or –inward pocket of deeply weathered, relatively loose, and disaggregated bedrock within the formerly solid bedrock base of an inselberg. When the land surface, which is underlain by deeply weathered bedrock, around an inselberg is lowered by erosion, the pocket of deeply weathered disaggregated bedrock is also removed to produce a flared slope such as Wave Rock. It has also been argued that flared slopes can form during the erosion of slopes of any inselbergs.<ref name="Twidale1968a"/><ref name="TwidaleOthers2002a"/><ref name="TwidaleOthers2005a"/> Wave Rock is a good example of what geomorphologists call a "]". A flared slope is a concave-upward or -inward bedrock surface that is typically found around the base of inselbergs, ]s, and granitic boulders and also on their higher slopes. Flared slopes like Wave Rock are particularly well developed in granitic landforms of south-western and southern Australia. The flared slopes are argued to have formed by the concentrated chemical weathering around the base of an inselberg by groundwater. The chemical weathering of the bedrock by groundwater produces a concave-upward or –inward pocket of deeply weathered, relatively loose, and disaggregated bedrock within the formerly solid bedrock base of an inselberg. When the land surface, which is underlain by deeply weathered bedrock, around an inselberg is lowered by erosion, the pocket of deeply weathered disaggregated bedrock is also removed to produce a flared slope such as Wave Rock. It has also been argued that flared slopes can form during the erosion of slopes of any inselbergs.<ref name="Twidale1968a"/><ref name="TwidaleOthers2002a"/><ref name="TwidaleOthers2005a"/>

According to local ] man and tour guide Michael Ward, the wall above the top of Wave Rock has caused the rock to change colour over time. He has said that in the early days of the wall, the rock was lighter yellow or cream in colour, and that the wall has helped it to become red and orange with black streaking across its face.<ref name="abc 2023-10-21"/>
{{clear left}} {{clear left}}


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==In popular culture== ==In popular culture==
⚫ Wave Rock hosts the nearby Wave Rock Weekender event, a music festival<ref>{{cite web|url=http://waverockweekender.com.au/|title=Wave Rock Weekender 2018|access-date=5 May 2018}}</ref> that has been held annually<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/site-archive/rural/content/2011/s3356604.htm|title=Wheatbelt town rides the rock wave|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=4 November 2011|access-date=6 May 2018}}</ref> since 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kondinin.wa.gov.au/file/WaveRockVGwebJan222013_1.pdf|title=The Wave Rock 2 day experience : Visitor's guide|date=18 January 2015<!--From PDF properties-->|page=25|access-date=6 May 2018}}</ref>


Wave Rock features on the album artwork for Japanese Jazz-fusion band ] 1987 studio album, '']''.
Wave Rock hosts the nearby Wave Rock Weekender event, a music festival<ref>{{cite web|url=http://waverockweekender.com.au/|title=Wave Rock Weekender 2018|access-date=5 May 2018}}</ref> that has been held annually<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/site-archive/rural/content/2011/s3356604.htm|title=

⚫ Wheatbelt town rides the rock wave|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=4 November 2011|access-date=6 May 2018}}</ref> since 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kondinin.wa.gov.au/file/WaveRockVGwebJan222013_1.pdf|title=The Wave Rock 2 day experience : Visitor's guide|date=18 January 2015<!--From PDF properties-->|p=25|access-date=6 May 2018}}</ref>
==See also==
* ]


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}


==External links== ==Further reading==
{{refbegin}}
⚫ * {{Commons category inline}}
* {{cite news |last1=Fiore |first1=Briana |title=Elder slams partygoers for 'disrespecting' 2.7-billion-year-old sacred rock |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-11-21/wave-rock-weekender-festival-slammed-by-aboriginal-elder/103060558 |access-date=29 December 2023 |work=ABC News |date=20 November 2023 |language=en-AU}}
⚫ * – on the website of the – includes Wave Rock
{{refend}}
* – website operated by the Hyden Tourist Development Company

* – official website
== External links ==
*{{official website}}
⚫ * {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426234823/http://www.wheatbelttourism.com/natural-wonders/granite-outcrops-in-the-wheatbelt/ |date=26 April 2014 }} – on the website of the – includes Wave Rock
⚫ *{{Commons category-inline}}


] ]
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] ]
] ]
]

Latest revision as of 07:53, 9 November 2024

Rock formation in Western Australia Not to be confused with The Wave, Arizona.

Wave Rock
Katter KichWestern Australia
Wave Rock is located in Western AustraliaWave RockWave Rock
Coordinates32°26′38″S 118°53′54″E / 32.44389°S 118.89828°E / -32.44389; 118.89828 (Wave Rock)
Location
  • 3 km (2 mi) E of Hyden
  • 296 km (184 mi) ESE of Perth
Designations
Western Australia Heritage Register
Official nameWave Rock & Environs
TypeAboriginal Heritage Sites Register
Designated21 August 1995
Reference no.4466
StatusRegistered
Register of the National Estate
Official nameWave Rock and Environs
TypeNatural
Reference no.17137
Place File Number5/06/099/0004

Wave Rock (Nyungar: Katter Kich) is a natural rock formation that is shaped like a tall breaking ocean wave. The "wave" is about 15 m (50 ft) high and around 110 m (360 ft) long. It forms the north side of a solitary hill, which is known as "Hyden Rock". This hill, which is a granite inselberg, lies about 3 km (2 mi) east of the small town of Hyden and 296 km (184 mi) east-southeast of Perth, Western Australia. Wave Rock and Hyden Rock are part of a 160 ha (395-acre) nature reserve, Hyden Wildlife Park. More than 100,000 tourists visit every year.

Dam

A wall lies above Wave Rock about halfway up Hyden Rock and follows the contours of the rock surface. It collects and funnels rainwater to a storage dam. The wall and dam were constructed in December 1928 by the Public Works Department for the colonist settlers of East Karlgarin District. Both were renovated in 1951 to increase water capacity for the Hyden township. Such walls are common on many similar rocks in the Wheatbelt.

Dreamtime

Wave Rock has cultural significance to Ballardong people, who call it Katter Kich. Local tribes believed that wave rock was a creation of the Rainbow Serpent, and was created in her wake by dragging her swollen body over the land after she had consumed all of the water in the land. They respected this area as an icon of cultural learning; a moral from this Dreamtime tale was to be remembered for life. The rock is part of a dreaming trail that extends from the south coast near Augusta to the Great Victoria Desert country to the north east. Other features along the trail include Mulka's Cave, Puntapin Rock, Jilakin Rock, Jitarning Rock and Dumbleyung Lake.

Geomorphology

Hyden Rock, of which Wave Rock is part, consists of 2.63 billion year-old biotite K-feldspar porphyritic monzogranite that is part of the Yilgarn Craton. Hyden Rock is a granite inselberg, which consists of three domes. The central and western domes are separated by a deep valley, which is now occupied by a reservoir. The central and eastern domes are linked by a low platform. A multistage process of landform development created these domes. The initial step in the development of Hyden Rock was the subsurface alteration by weathering of granite bedrock beneath a lateritised land surface during the Cretaceous Period between 100 and 130 million years ago. Depending on the degree to which it was fractured by jointing, the granite bedrock underlying this surface was altered to varying depths beneath the land surface. This process formed underground "domes" of solid granite bedrock surrounded by deeply weathered, relatively loose, and disaggregated granite. Following separation of Australia and Antarctica and accompanying tilting of what became southwestern Australia, periodic erosion of the deeply weathered granite, which underlaid the surrounding land surface, exposed these buried solid bedrock domes over time as Hyden Rock.

View from the top

Wave Rock is a good example of what geomorphologists call a "flared slope". A flared slope is a concave-upward or -inward bedrock surface that is typically found around the base of inselbergs, bornhardts, and granitic boulders and also on their higher slopes. Flared slopes like Wave Rock are particularly well developed in granitic landforms of south-western and southern Australia. The flared slopes are argued to have formed by the concentrated chemical weathering around the base of an inselberg by groundwater. The chemical weathering of the bedrock by groundwater produces a concave-upward or –inward pocket of deeply weathered, relatively loose, and disaggregated bedrock within the formerly solid bedrock base of an inselberg. When the land surface, which is underlain by deeply weathered bedrock, around an inselberg is lowered by erosion, the pocket of deeply weathered disaggregated bedrock is also removed to produce a flared slope such as Wave Rock. It has also been argued that flared slopes can form during the erosion of slopes of any inselbergs.

According to local Noongar man and tour guide Michael Ward, the wall above the top of Wave Rock has caused the rock to change colour over time. He has said that in the early days of the wall, the rock was lighter yellow or cream in colour, and that the wall has helped it to become red and orange with black streaking across its face.

Nearby features

Other notable rock formations in the area include Hippos Yawn and The Humps.

In popular culture

Wave Rock hosts the nearby Wave Rock Weekender event, a music festival that has been held annually since 2006.

Wave Rock features on the album artwork for Japanese Jazz-fusion band T-Square's 1987 studio album, Truth.

See also

References

  1. "About the Ballardong Region | Kaartdijin Noongar". Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  2. ^ Twidale, C. R. (1968) Origin of Wave Rock, Hyden. Transactions of the Royal Academy of South Australia. vol. 92, pp. 115–124.
  3. "Hyden". Central Wheatbelt Visitor Centre. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
  4. "Noongar Native Title Settlement Information" (PDF). Southwest Land and Sea Council. 7 October 2014. Retrieved 6 December 2015.
  5. ^ Fiore, Briana (21 October 2023). "WA's iconic Wave Rock appears to be changing its colour". ABC News. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
  6. The Australian Society for Microbiology (September 2001). "Microbiology Australia". Microbiology Australia. 22 (4): 13–16. Retrieved 23 June 2016.
  7. "Belief systems" (PDF). Blazing Swans. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
  8. Qiu, Y., and N. J. McNaughton (1999) Source of Pb in orogenic lode-gold mineralisation: Pb isotope constraints from deep crustal rocks from the southwestern Archaean Yilgarn Craton, Australia. Mineralium Deposita. 34:366–381.
  9. ^ Twidale, C. R., J. A. Bourne, and J. R. Vidal Romani (2002) Multistage Landform Development in Various Settings and at Various Scales. Cadernos do Laboratório Xeolóxico de Laxe. 27:55–76.
  10. ^ Twidale, C. R., and J. R. V. Romani (2005) Landforms and Geology of Granite Terrains. Taylor & Francis, New York, 359 pp.
  11. "Wave Rock Weekender 2018". Retrieved 5 May 2018.
  12. "Wheatbelt town rides the rock wave". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 4 November 2011. Retrieved 6 May 2018.
  13. "The Wave Rock 2 day experience : Visitor's guide" (PDF). 18 January 2015. p. 25. Retrieved 6 May 2018.

Further reading

External links

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