| Revision as of 00:02, 5 November 2020 editElmidae (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, Page movers, New page reviewers, Rollbackers47,131 edits Undid revision 987053762 by Lord Such&Such (talk) indeed - please do refer to WP:BRD: your addition has been reverted, now discuss it on the talk page and do not edit-war to include it before a consensus has been achievedTags: Undo Reverted← Previous edit | Latest revision as of 15:26, 8 December 2024 edit undoBasketballbrian (talk | contribs)42 edits entire section was wrong from the source. the story was about blue not black marlin, Hemingway mainly fished blue, and his marlin isn’t stuffed in the museum it’s Alfred’s. Whoever wrote that didn’t even read their linked source.Tags: Mobile edit Mobile app edit iOS app edit App section source | ||
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| {{Short description|Species of fish}} | |||
| {{for|the ship MV Black Marlin|MV Black Marlin}} | {{for|the ship MV Black Marlin|MV Black Marlin}} | ||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}} | ||
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| | status = DD | | status = DD | ||
| | status_system = IUCN3.1 | | status_system = IUCN3.1 | ||
| | status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{ |
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn|author1=Collette, B.B.|author2=Di Natale, A.|author3=Fox, W.|author4=Juan Jorda, M.|author5=Pohlot, B.|author6=Schratwieser, J.|author7=Graves, J.|year=2022|title=''Istiompax indica''|page=e.T170312A46646193|doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T170312A46646193.en|access-date=19 June 2023}}</ref> | ||
| | genus = Istiompax | | genus = Istiompax | ||
| | parent_authority = ], 1931 | | parent_authority = ], 1931 | ||
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| }} | }} | ||
| The '''black marlin''' (''Istiompax indica'') is a species of ] found in tropical and subtropical areas of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase |
The '''black marlin''' ('''''Istiompax indica''''') is a species of ] found in tropical and subtropical areas of the Indian and Pacific Oceans approximately between 40 degrees North and 45 degrees South, while in some instances venturing into more temperate waters.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase | genus = Istiompax | species = indica | month = April | year = 2013}}</ref> Reaching lengths of over {{Cvt|4.5|m|ft}},<ref name=fishbase/> It is one of the largest marlins and also one of the largest ]. Marlin are among the fastest fish, but speeds may be exaggerated in popular media, such as reports of {{convert|132|km/h|mi/h|abbr=on}}.<ref>] (27-05-2008). '''' Ultimate Killers - BBC wildlife.</ref> A 2016 study estimated maximum swimming speeds from muscle contraction times, which in turn limit the tail-beat frequency; the study suggested a theoretical upper limit for the black marlin's burst speed of {{convert|36|km/h|mi/h}}.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Svendsen|first1=Morten B. S.|last2=Domenici|first2=Paolo|last3=Marras|first3=Stefano|last4=Krause|first4=Jens|last5=Boswell|first5=Kevin M.|last6=Rodriguez-Pinto|first6=Ivan|last7=Wilson|first7=Alexander D. M.|last8=Kurvers|first8=Ralf H. J. M.|last9=Viblanc|first9=Paul E.|last10=Finger|first10=Jean S.|last11=Steffensen|first11=John F.|date=2016-10-15|title=Maximum swimming speeds of sailfish and three other large marine predatory fish species based on muscle contraction time and stride length: a myth revisited|journal=Biology Open|language=en|volume=5|issue=10|pages=1415–1419|doi=10.1242/bio.019919|issn=2046-6390|pmc=5087677|pmid=27543056}}</ref> Black marlin are fished commercially and are also a highly prized ]. Black marlins were known to drag ancient Maldivian fishing boats for very long distances until the marlins tired; it would take many hours for the fishermen to row or sail back home.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Xavier |last=Romero-Frías |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/55679148 |title=The Maldive Islanders : a study of the popular culture of an ancient ocean kingdom |date=2003 |publisher=Nova Ethnographia Indica |isbn=84-7254-801-5 |oclc=55679148}}</ref> Due to the common misidentification of large billfish such as the black marlin, as well as its highly migratory habits and the lack of research into the species, much about populations are unknown.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UQ eSpace |url=https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:29c3fc4%20(refer) |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=espace.library.uq.edu.au}}</ref> The species was first known as ''Tetrapturus indicus'' and later was reclassified as ''Makaira indica'' before taking on its current scientific name. One of the earliest scientific records of black marlin is its description by French zoologist Georges Cuvier in 1832.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITIS - Report: Istiompax |url=https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=768120#null |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=www.itis.gov}}</ref> | ||
| ==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| ] | |||
| Compared to striped or white marlins and sailfish, black marlins are more solid than their blue counterparts. They have a shorter bill and a rounder and lower dorsal fin. Black marlin may be distinguished from all other marlin species by their rigid pectoral fins, which, especially from a weight of around {{convert|150|lb|kg|disp=flip}}, are unable to be pressed flat against their sides.{{cn|date=September 2020}} | |||
| Compared to striped or white marlins and sailfish, black marlins are more solid than their blue counterparts. They have a shorter, heavier bill and a rounder and lower dorsal fin. Black marlin may be distinguished from all other marlin species by their rigid pectoral fins, which, especially from a weight of around {{cvt|68|kg|lb}}, are unable to be pressed flat against their sides but can be tilted further backwards for reduced drag.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Marlin - Species Guide |url=https://www.blackmagictackle.com/species-guides/marlin#:~:text=Black%20marlin%20have%20one%20feature,drag%20when%20swimming%20at%20speed. |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=www.blackmagictackle.com |language=en}}</ref> The black marlin showcases an extremely chrome underside and a dark blue-black dorsal side, the two colored layers are often separated by a yellow-ish chrome stripe. The black marlin is the only istiophorid in which the second dorsal fin is anterior to the second anal fin, this feature holds for all sizes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Black Marlin, Istiompax indica (Cuvier, 1832) |url=https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/black-marlin-makaira-indica-cuvier-1832/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=The Australian Museum |language=en}}</ref> Black marlin are measured like other bill fish from the tip of their lower jaw to the fork of their tail.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Measurement |url=https://myfwc.com/fishing/saltwater/recreational/measurement/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission |language=en}}</ref> The black marlin is also the biggest marlin as well as one of the largest bony fishes in the world with females capable of reaching a mass of over 700 kg.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Domeier |first1=Michael L. |last2=Speare |first2=Peter |date=2012-02-21 |title=Dispersal of Adult Black Marlin (Istiompax indica) from a Great Barrier Reef Spawning Aggregation |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=e31629 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0031629 |doi-access=free |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=3283654 |pmid=22363692|bibcode=2012PLoSO...731629D }}</ref> The maximum published length is {{Cvt|4.65|m|ftin}}, however the average growth was found to be approximately 6-9ft.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |title=Istiompax indica, Black marlin : fisheries, gamefish |url=https://www.fishbase.se/summary/217 |website=www.fishbase.se}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite book |last1=Flindt |first1=Rainer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9t7Tht1kf88C |title=Amazing Numbers in Biology |date=21 December 2006 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-3-540-30147-9 |pages=12 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last1=Sun |first1=Chi-Lu |last2=Chang |first2=Hsiao-Yun |last3=Liu |first3=Tsung-Yun |last4=Yeh |first4=Su-Zan |last5=Chang |first5=Yi-Jay |date=2015-06-01 |title=Reproductive biology of the black marlin, Istiompax indica, off southwestern and eastern Taiwan |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165783614002732 |journal=Fisheries Research |series=Proceedings of the 5th International Billfish Symposium |volume=166 |pages=12–20 |doi=10.1016/j.fishres.2014.09.006 |bibcode=2015FishR.166...12S |issn=0165-7836}}</ref> Females tend to be larger than males after about age 5, however before age 5 the females are smaller.<ref name=":4" /> The maximum weight is {{Cvt|750|kg|lb}}, possibly up to {{Cvt|900|kg|lb}}.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> Juveniles are similar in most features except their coloration is lighter, bills are shorter and they are physically smaller. | |||
| === Key Distinctions From Other Billfishes === | |||
| ] | |||
| There are 4 types of marlin and the most obvious distinguishing trait of black marlin is their large size and deep body depth, other marlin have a more slender body with less distance from back to stomach. The blue marlin looks very similar to the black marlin but the pectoral fins are angled more laterally whereas the black marlins fins face more ventrally; black marlins are also larger and do not have the faint light blue vertical stripes that are visible on blue marlins. The black marlin could be confused for striped marlin, however a distinct difference between the two are the highly prominent vertical white lines on the striped marlin which the black marlin lacks. White marlins also have defined white stripes that distinguish them from black marlins.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
| == Biology == | |||
| === Diet === | |||
| French naturalist ] described the black marlin in 1832 as ''Tetrapturus indicus.'' Diet mostly consists of various fish and ]. They may eat tuna, mackerel, snake mackerel, flying fish, squid, crustaceans, octopus, etc, but mackerel scad have been found to be the preferred prey of black marlin.<ref name="fishbase" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last1=Shimose |first1=Tamaki |last2=Yokawa |first2=Kotaro |last3=Saito |first3=Hirokazu |last4=Tachihara |first4=Katsunori |date=2008-02-01 |title=Seasonal occurrence and feeding habits of black marlin, Istiompax indica, around Yonaguni Island, southwestern Japan |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10228-007-0004-3 |journal=Ichthyological Research |language=en |volume=55 |issue=1 |pages=90–94 |doi=10.1007/s10228-007-0004-3 |bibcode=2008IchtR..55...90S |issn=1616-3915}}</ref> Scientists have even found young sharks in the stomachs of some black marlin. When black marlin hunt prey they swallow the prey head first. Prey observed from the stomachs of black marlins often show slashes from the bill of the fish. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=FAO species catalogue. Vol.5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date |url=https://www.fao.org/4/ac480e/ac480e00.htm |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=www.fao.org}}</ref> Because of this, it is believed that these fish utilize their bills when hunting within a school of fish.<ref name=":5" /> | |||
| === Reproduction === | |||
| Black marlin spawn at different times depending on their location. Spawning around southern Asia has been observed in May and June, around Taiwan from March through April as well as from August to October, and around Australia between October and December.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Chiang |first1=Wei-Chuan |last2=Musyl |first2=Michael K. |last3=Sun |first3=Chi-Lu |last4=DiNardo |first4=Gerard |last5=Hung |first5=Hsiao-Min |last6=Lin |first6=Hsien-Chung |last7=Chen |first7=Shin-Chi |last8=Yeh |first8=Su-Zan |last9=Chen |first9=Wen-Yie |last10=Kuo |first10=Chin-Lau |date=2015-06-01 |title=Seasonal movements and diving behaviour of black marlin (Istiompax indica) in the northwestern Pacific Ocean |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165783614003178 |journal=Fisheries Research |series=Proceedings of the 5th International Billfish Symposium |volume=166 |pages=92–102 |doi=10.1016/j.fishres.2014.10.023 |bibcode=2015FishR.166...92C |issn=0165-7836}}</ref> Spawning has also been noted from August to November around northern Australia. Black marlin are believed to prefer water temperatures around 27° to 28°C during spawning. Egg counts of ripe roe totaled about 40 million per female.<ref name=":6" /> | |||
| === Habitat Preference === | |||
| Black marlins spend more time closer to the surface than most other billfish, except for sailfish.<ref name=":6" /> Scientists found in one population of black marlin that at night the fish would spend up to 87% of their time at depths above 30 meters deep, but during the day less than 60% of their time was spent in the upper 30 meter depths of the sea.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Rohner |first1=Christoph A. |last2=Bealey |first2=Roy |last3=Fulanda |first3=Bernerd M. |last4=Everett |first4=Jason D. |last5=Richardson |first5=Anthony J. |last6=Pierce |first6=Simon J. |date=September 2021 |title=Movement ecology of black marlin Istiompax indica in the Western Indian Ocean |journal=Journal of Fish Biology |language=en |volume=99 |issue=3 |pages=1044–1059 |doi=10.1111/jfb.14809 |issn=0022-1112 |pmc=8518400 |pmid=34050533|bibcode=2021JFBio..99.1044R }}</ref> Because of this, black marlin distribution is influenced by the surface height of the ocean throughout the time of year.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Farchadi |first1=Nima |last2=Hinton |first2=Michael G. |last3=Thompson |first3=Andrew R. |last4=Yin |first4=Zhi-Yong |date=2019-07-18 |title=Modeling the dynamic habitats of mobile pelagic predators (Makaira nigricans and Istiompax indica) in the eastern Pacific Ocean |url=https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v622/p157-176/ |journal=Marine Ecology Progress Series |language=en |volume=622 |pages=157–176 |doi=10.3354/meps12996 |bibcode=2019MEPS..622..157F |issn=0171-8630}}</ref> Black Marlin live in temperatures from 15 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius.<ref name=":6" /> Juvenile black marlin around Australia utilize the great barrier reef lagoon as an area to grow and develop due to an abundance of resources. During the younger life stages, black marlin will form seasonal aggregations (aggregation: temporary assemblage of individuals) throughout the great barrier reef lagoon.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
| === Sexual Dimorphism === | |||
| Female black marlin are often larger than males after age 5, they have also been found to live longer than males. In Taiwan, data from studies have provided evidence from population samples that there is likely a larger female to male ratio. <ref name=":4" /> | |||
| == Conservation Status == | |||
| The conservation status of the black marlin is unknown.<ref name=":0">{{Cite report |url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/170312/46646193 |title=Istiompax indica: Collette, B.B., Di Natale, A., Fox, W., Juan Jorda, M., Pohlot, B., Schratwieser, J. & Graves, J.: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2022: e.T170312A46646193 |date=2021-05-01 |publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature |doi=10.2305/iucn.uk.2022-1.rlts.t170312a46646193.en |language=en}}</ref> Due to the migratory nature of these fish and a lack of research, the population size and health cannot be accurately stated. Research into black marlin runs into many complications regarding finding them consistently. One such problem is that they are particularly good at ditching their trackers.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Domeier |first1=Michael L. |last2=Speare |first2=Peter |date=2012-02-21 |title=Dispersal of Adult Black Marlin (Istiompax indica) from a Great Barrier Reef Spawning Aggregation |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=e31629 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0031629 |doi-access=free |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=3283654 |pmid=22363692|bibcode=2012PLoSO...731629D }}</ref> The Billfish Conservation Act was passed in 2012 and has been amended as recently as 2018 outlawing the sale of billfish throughout the United States (except swordfish), this act does not outlaw fishing for such fish but only the sale. There are currently no fisheries for black marlin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-27 |title=Billfish Conservation Act {{!}} NOAA Fisheries |url=https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/national/laws-and-policies/billfish-conservation-act |access-date=2024-11-04 |website=NOAA |language=en}}</ref> | |||
| ==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| ] | |||
| The species occurs in the tropical and subtropcial Indo-Pacific, with uncommon movements into temperate waters, and rare reports from the Atlantic.<ref name=fishbase/> | |||
| The species occurs in the tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific approximately between 40 degrees North and 45 degrees South, with uncommon movements into temperate waters, and rare reports from the Atlantic.<ref name="fishbase" /> There has been no evidence to suggest that there is a breeding population in the Atlantic. They are found anywhere from surface level down to depths of approximately 500 meters.<ref name=":0" /> The relative abundance of black marlin is currently unknown. In Taiwan, data from studies have provided evidence from population samples that there is likely a larger female to male ratio.<ref name=":4" /> | |||
| == |
==Human interaction== | ||
| ]|left]]Black marlin are a very popular big game fish. They are commonly fished along the coasts of South America, Southern Asia, and Australia. Recreational angling is a large market throughout the world and the black marlin is a very sought after fish. In August 1953, while fishing off of ], ] caught a black marlin weighing {{convert|1560|lb|kg}}, using a handheld {{convert|7|foot|m}} bamboo rod, a Fin-Nor reel and 130-pound-test linen line.<ref name=tompkins>{{cite news|url=https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/article/world-record-marlin-a-symbol-of-glassell-s-legacy-5415512.php|title=World-record marlin a symbol of Glassell's legacy|first=Shannon|last=Tompkins|date=April 19, 2014|access-date=July 5, 2023|newspaper=Houston Chronicle}}</ref> As of 2023 this remained a record catch under ] rules.<ref name=igfa>{{cite news|url=https://igfa.org/gilbert-keech-heavy-tackle-alfred-c-glassell-jr/|title=Alfred C. Glassell Jr.|publisher=The International Game Fishing Association|access-date=July 5, 2023}}</ref> The black marlin caught by Alfred C. Glassell Jr. is stuffed and can be viewed in the National History Museum in Washington, D.C.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Marlin |url=https://seahistory.org/sea-history-for-kids/marlin/ |access-date=2024-11-04 |website=National Maritime Historical Society |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
| Diet mostly consists of various fish and ]s. They may eat tuna, mackerel, snake mackerel, flying fish, squid, crustaceans, octopus, etc.<ref name=fishbase/> | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
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Latest revision as of 15:26, 8 December 2024
Species of fish For the ship MV Black Marlin, see MV Black Marlin.
| Black marlin | |
|---|---|
| |
| Conservation status | |
 Data Deficient (IUCN 3.1) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Carangiformes |
| Family: | Istiophoridae |
| Genus: | Istiompax Whitley, 1931 |
| Species: | I. indica |
| Binomial name | |
| Istiompax indica (G. Cuvier, 1832) | |
| Synonyms | |
List
| |
The black marlin (Istiompax indica) is a species of marlin found in tropical and subtropical areas of the Indian and Pacific Oceans approximately between 40 degrees North and 45 degrees South, while in some instances venturing into more temperate waters. Reaching lengths of over 4.5 m (15 ft), It is one of the largest marlins and also one of the largest bony fish. Marlin are among the fastest fish, but speeds may be exaggerated in popular media, such as reports of 132 km/h (82 mph). A 2016 study estimated maximum swimming speeds from muscle contraction times, which in turn limit the tail-beat frequency; the study suggested a theoretical upper limit for the black marlin's burst speed of 36 kilometres per hour (22 mph). Black marlin are fished commercially and are also a highly prized game fish. Black marlins were known to drag ancient Maldivian fishing boats for very long distances until the marlins tired; it would take many hours for the fishermen to row or sail back home. Due to the common misidentification of large billfish such as the black marlin, as well as its highly migratory habits and the lack of research into the species, much about populations are unknown. The species was first known as Tetrapturus indicus and later was reclassified as Makaira indica before taking on its current scientific name. One of the earliest scientific records of black marlin is its description by French zoologist Georges Cuvier in 1832.
Description
Compared to striped or white marlins and sailfish, black marlins are more solid than their blue counterparts. They have a shorter, heavier bill and a rounder and lower dorsal fin. Black marlin may be distinguished from all other marlin species by their rigid pectoral fins, which, especially from a weight of around 68 kg (150 lb), are unable to be pressed flat against their sides but can be tilted further backwards for reduced drag. The black marlin showcases an extremely chrome underside and a dark blue-black dorsal side, the two colored layers are often separated by a yellow-ish chrome stripe. The black marlin is the only istiophorid in which the second dorsal fin is anterior to the second anal fin, this feature holds for all sizes. Black marlin are measured like other bill fish from the tip of their lower jaw to the fork of their tail. The black marlin is also the biggest marlin as well as one of the largest bony fishes in the world with females capable of reaching a mass of over 700 kg. The maximum published length is 4.65 m (15 ft 3 in), however the average growth was found to be approximately 6-9ft. Females tend to be larger than males after about age 5, however before age 5 the females are smaller. The maximum weight is 750 kg (1,650 lb), possibly up to 900 kg (2,000 lb). Juveniles are similar in most features except their coloration is lighter, bills are shorter and they are physically smaller.
Key Distinctions From Other Billfishes
There are 4 types of marlin and the most obvious distinguishing trait of black marlin is their large size and deep body depth, other marlin have a more slender body with less distance from back to stomach. The blue marlin looks very similar to the black marlin but the pectoral fins are angled more laterally whereas the black marlins fins face more ventrally; black marlins are also larger and do not have the faint light blue vertical stripes that are visible on blue marlins. The black marlin could be confused for striped marlin, however a distinct difference between the two are the highly prominent vertical white lines on the striped marlin which the black marlin lacks. White marlins also have defined white stripes that distinguish them from black marlins.
Biology
Diet
French naturalist Georges Cuvier described the black marlin in 1832 as Tetrapturus indicus. Diet mostly consists of various fish and cephalopods. They may eat tuna, mackerel, snake mackerel, flying fish, squid, crustaceans, octopus, etc, but mackerel scad have been found to be the preferred prey of black marlin. Scientists have even found young sharks in the stomachs of some black marlin. When black marlin hunt prey they swallow the prey head first. Prey observed from the stomachs of black marlins often show slashes from the bill of the fish. Because of this, it is believed that these fish utilize their bills when hunting within a school of fish.
Reproduction
Black marlin spawn at different times depending on their location. Spawning around southern Asia has been observed in May and June, around Taiwan from March through April as well as from August to October, and around Australia between October and December. Spawning has also been noted from August to November around northern Australia. Black marlin are believed to prefer water temperatures around 27° to 28°C during spawning. Egg counts of ripe roe totaled about 40 million per female.
Habitat Preference
Black marlins spend more time closer to the surface than most other billfish, except for sailfish. Scientists found in one population of black marlin that at night the fish would spend up to 87% of their time at depths above 30 meters deep, but during the day less than 60% of their time was spent in the upper 30 meter depths of the sea. Because of this, black marlin distribution is influenced by the surface height of the ocean throughout the time of year. Black Marlin live in temperatures from 15 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius. Juvenile black marlin around Australia utilize the great barrier reef lagoon as an area to grow and develop due to an abundance of resources. During the younger life stages, black marlin will form seasonal aggregations (aggregation: temporary assemblage of individuals) throughout the great barrier reef lagoon.
Sexual Dimorphism
Female black marlin are often larger than males after age 5, they have also been found to live longer than males. In Taiwan, data from studies have provided evidence from population samples that there is likely a larger female to male ratio.
Conservation Status
The conservation status of the black marlin is unknown. Due to the migratory nature of these fish and a lack of research, the population size and health cannot be accurately stated. Research into black marlin runs into many complications regarding finding them consistently. One such problem is that they are particularly good at ditching their trackers. The Billfish Conservation Act was passed in 2012 and has been amended as recently as 2018 outlawing the sale of billfish throughout the United States (except swordfish), this act does not outlaw fishing for such fish but only the sale. There are currently no fisheries for black marlin.
Distribution
The species occurs in the tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific approximately between 40 degrees North and 45 degrees South, with uncommon movements into temperate waters, and rare reports from the Atlantic. There has been no evidence to suggest that there is a breeding population in the Atlantic. They are found anywhere from surface level down to depths of approximately 500 meters. The relative abundance of black marlin is currently unknown. In Taiwan, data from studies have provided evidence from population samples that there is likely a larger female to male ratio.
Human interaction
Black marlin are a very popular big game fish. They are commonly fished along the coasts of South America, Southern Asia, and Australia. Recreational angling is a large market throughout the world and the black marlin is a very sought after fish. In August 1953, while fishing off of Cabo Blanco, Peru, Alfred C. Glassell Jr. caught a black marlin weighing 1,560 pounds (710 kg), using a handheld 7 foot (2.1 m) bamboo rod, a Fin-Nor reel and 130-pound-test linen line. As of 2023 this remained a record catch under International Game Fish Association rules. The black marlin caught by Alfred C. Glassell Jr. is stuffed and can be viewed in the National History Museum in Washington, D.C.
See also
References
- Collette, B.B.; Di Natale, A.; Fox, W.; Juan Jorda, M.; Pohlot, B.; Schratwieser, J.; Graves, J. (2022). "Istiompax indica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T170312A46646193. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T170312A46646193.en. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
- ^ Istiompax indica: Collette, B.B., Di Natale, A., Fox, W., Juan Jorda, M., Pohlot, B., Schratwieser, J. & Graves, J.: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2022: e.T170312A46646193 (Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature. 1 May 2021. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2022-1.rlts.t170312a46646193.en.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Istiompax indica". FishBase. April 2013 version.
- BBC Worldwide (27-05-2008). Black marlin - the fastest fish on the planet. Ultimate Killers - BBC wildlife.
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| Istiompax indica | |