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'''Claude Monet''' also known as '''Oscar-Claude Monet''' or '''Claude Oscar Monet''' (], ] &ndash; ], ])<ref Name=giverny> giverny.org. Retrieved ] 2007.</ref> was a ] ] painter. The term ] is derived from the title of his painting '']''.

==Early life==
Monet was born to Adolphe and Louise Justine Monet, both of them second-generation Parisians, of 90 Rue Laffitte, in the 9th arrondissement of ], but his family moved in 1845 to ] in ] when he was five. He was christened as Oscar-Claude at the church of Notre-Dame-de-Lorette. His father wanted him to go into the family (grocery store) business, but Claude Monet wanted to become an artist. His mother was a singer.

On the first of April 1851 Monet entered the Le Havre secondary school. He first became known locally for his charcoal caricatures, which he would sell for ten to twenty ]. Monet also undertook his first drawing lessons from Jacques-Francois Ochard, a former student of ]. On the beaches of Normandy in about 1856/1857, he met fellow artist ], who became his mentor and taught him to use oil paints. Boudin taught Monet '']'' (outdoor) techniques for painting.<ref Name=guggenheim> Guggenheim Collection. Retrieved ] 2007.</ref>

On ], ] his mother died. Now 16 years old, he left school and his widowed, childless aunt ] took him into her home.

==Paris==
When Monet traveled to Paris to visit ], he witnessed painters copying from the old masters. Monet, having brought his paints and other tools with him, would instead go and sit by a window and paint what he saw. Monet was in Paris for several years and met several friends who were painters. They all painted in the ] style. One of those friends was ].

In June of 1861 Monet joined the First Regiment of African Light Cavalry in ] for two years of a seven-year commitment, but upon his contracting typhoid his aunt Madame Lecadre intervened to get him out of the army if he agreed to complete an art course at a university. It is possible that the Dutch painter ], whom Monet knew, may have prompted his aunt on this matter. Disillusioned with the traditional art taught at universities, in ] Monet was a student of ] in Paris, where he met ], ], and ]. Together they shared new approaches to art, painting the effects of light ] with broken color and rapid brushstrokes, in what later came to be known as ].

Monet's ] ''Camille'' or ''The Woman in the Green Dress'' (''La Femme à la Robe Verte''), which brought him recognition, was one of many works featuring his future wife, ]. Shortly thereafter Doncieux became pregnant and bore their first child, ]. In 1868, Monet attempted suicide by throwing himself into the Seine.

==Franco-Prussian War==
During the ] (1870 - 1871), Monet took refuge in ].<ref> Nicolas Pioch, www.ibiblio.org, ] 2002. Retrieved ] 2007.</ref> While there he studied the works of ] and ], both of whose landscapes would serve to inspire Monet's innovations in the study of color.

From 1871 to 1878 Monet lived at ], a village on the Seine near Paris, and here were painted some of his best known works.

]/]).]]
Upon returning to France, in ] (or ]) he painted ''] (Impression: soleil levant)'' depicting a ] landscape. It hung in the first Impressionist exhibition in ] and is now displayed in the ], Paris. From the painting's title, art critic Louis Leroy coined the term "Impressionism", which he intended to be derogatory, however the Impressionists appropriated the term for themselves.<ref> ARTinthePICTURE.com. Retrieved ] 2007.</ref>

==Later life==
In ], Monet and Doncieux married and in ] moved into a house in ] near the ]. They had another son, Michel, on ], ]. Madame Monet died of ] in ].

] decided to help Monet by bringing up his two children together with her own. They lived in ]. In April ] they moved to a house in ], ], in ], where he planted a large garden which he painted for the rest of his life. Monet and Alice Hoschedé married in ].<ref Name=guggenheim/>

In the 1880s and 1890s, Monet began "series" painting: paintings of one subject in varying light and weather conditions. His first series was of ] from different points of view and at different times of the day. Twenty views of the cathedral were exhibited at the ] in ]. He also painted a series of paintings of ] at different times of day.

])]]
Monet was exceptionally fond of painting controlled nature: his own garden in Giverny, with its ], pond, and bridge. He also painted up and down the banks of the Seine.

Between ] and ], Monet traveled to the ], where he painted landmarks, landscapes, and seascapes, such as ''Bordighera''. He painted an important series of paintings in ], and in ] he painted two important series - views of ] and views of Charing Cross Bridge. His wife Alice died in ] and his son Jean died in ].<ref Name=guggenheim> During ] Monet painted a series of ] trees as homage to the ] fallen soldiers. ] formed on Monet's eyes, for which he underwent two surgeries in ]. It is interesting to note that the paintings done while the cataracts affected his vision have a general reddish tone, which is characteristic of the vision of cataract victims. It may also be that after surgery he was able to see certain ] wavelengths of light that are normally excluded by the lens of the eye, this may have had an effect on the colors he perceived. After his operations he even repainted some of these paintings, with bluer water lilies than before the operation.<ref> Guardian News, ] 2002. Retrieved ] 2007.</ref>

==Death==
Monet died ], ] at the age of 86 and is buried in the ] church cemetery.<ref> giverny.org. Retrieved ] 2007.</ref> His famous home and garden with its waterlily pond and bridge at Giverny are a popular drawcard for tourists. In the house there are many examples of Japanese woodcut prints on the walls.

In ], ''], the Parliament, Effects of Sun in the Fog (Le Parlement, Effet de Brouillard)'' (]), sold for ]20.1 million.<ref> newsfromrussia.com, ] 2004. Retrieved ] 2007.</ref> Interestingly, in 2006, the journal ] published a paper providing evidence that these were painted in situ at ] over the river ].

==References==
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==External links==
{{commonscat|Claude Monet}}
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Revision as of 13:49, 14 January 2007

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