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'''Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy''', officially the "'''General Secretary Xi Jinping's Thought on Diplomacy'''" ({{lang-zh|习近平总书记外交思想}}),<ref>{{cite web |title=Studying General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Thought on Diplomacy |url=http://english.qstheory.cn/2017-11/28/c_1122007258.htm |website=english.qstheory.cn |publisher=] Journal |author=] |date=2017-11-28}}</ref> is the current ] and ] doctrine of the ]. It is related to the larger ], which is derived from the ] ] ]. '''Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy''', officially the "'''General Secretary Xi Jinping's Thought on Diplomacy'''" ({{lang-zh|习近平总书记外交思想}}),<ref>{{cite web |title=Studying General Secretary Xi Jinping's Thought on Diplomacy |url=http://english.qstheory.cn/2017-11/28/c_1122007258.htm |website=english.qstheory.cn |publisher=] Journal |author=] |date=2017-11-28}}</ref> is the current ] and ] doctrine of the ]. It is related to the larger ], which is derived from the ] ] ].


According to Chinese Foreign Minister ], Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is "the fundamental guideline for China's diplomatic work is an epoch-making milestone in the diplomatic theory of New China."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bishop |first1=Bill |title=Xi's thought on diplomacy is "epoch-making" |url=https://www.axios.com/xis-diplomacy-epoch-making-3063df60-c714-44cf-bd59-f811ea544a1e.html |website=www.axios.com |publisher=Axios |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412011333/https://www.axios.com/xis-diplomacy-epoch-making-3063df60-c714-44cf-bd59-f811ea544a1e.html |archive-date=12 April 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref> The main point of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is to orient as much of diplomacy as possible to the ] level while still supporting the formal architecture of the international system.<ref name="Modern Diplomacy 2019" /> According to Chinese Foreign Minister ], Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is "the fundamental guideline for China's diplomatic work is an epoch-making milestone in the diplomatic theory of New China."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bishop |first1=Bill |title=Xi's thought on diplomacy is "epoch-making" |url=https://www.axios.com/xis-diplomacy-epoch-making-3063df60-c714-44cf-bd59-f811ea544a1e.html |website=www.axios.com |publisher=Axios |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412011333/https://www.axios.com/xis-diplomacy-epoch-making-3063df60-c714-44cf-bd59-f811ea544a1e.html |archive-date=12 April 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref> The main point of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is to orient as much of diplomacy as possible to the ] level while still supporting the formal architecture of the international system.<ref name="Modern Diplomacy 2019" />


==History== ==History==
During the first five years of Xi Jinping's leadership the budget for diplomacy doubled.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Loh |first1=Dylan M.H |title=Over here, overbearing: The origins of China’s ‘Wolf Warrior’ style diplomacy |url=https://hongkongfp.com/2020/06/12/over-here-overbearing-the-origins-of-chinas-wolf-warrior-style-diplomacy/ |website=hongkongfp.com |publisher=hongkongfp.com |access-date=31 July 2020}}</ref> During the first five years of Xi Jinping's leadership the budget for diplomacy doubled.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Loh |first1=Dylan M.H |title=Over here, overbearing: The origins of China's 'Wolf Warrior' style diplomacy |url=https://hongkongfp.com/2020/06/12/over-here-overbearing-the-origins-of-chinas-wolf-warrior-style-diplomacy/ |website=hongkongfp.com |publisher=hongkongfp.com |access-date=31 July 2020}}</ref>


According to ] agency, Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy was officially adopted during the Central Conference on Work Relating to Foreign Affairs in 2018.<ref name="Xinhua 2019" >{{cite web |title=Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy an epoch-making milestone in China's diplomatic theory: FM |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-03/08/c_137879309.htm |website=www.xinhuanet.com |publisher=Xinhua |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109163252/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-03/08/c_137879309.htm |archive-date=9 January 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> According to ] agency, Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy was officially adopted during the Central Conference on Work Relating to Foreign Affairs in 2018.<ref name="Xinhua 2019" >{{cite web |title=Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy an epoch-making milestone in China's diplomatic theory: FM |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-03/08/c_137879309.htm |website=www.xinhuanet.com |publisher=Xinhua |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109163252/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-03/08/c_137879309.htm |archive-date=9 January 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref>
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==Reception== ==Reception==
Foreign observers have noted that, under Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, China and the rest of the world play by different rules.{{Citation needed|date=November 2020}} This endorsement of Chinese exceptionalism has been criticized as havoc.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Roy |first1=Denny |title='Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy' Fails to Impress – or Reassure |url=https://thediplomat.com/2020/04/xi-jinping-thought-on-diplomacy-fails-to-impress-or-reassure/ |website=thediplomat.com |publisher=The Diplomat |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412011333/https://thediplomat.com/2020/04/xi-jinping-thought-on-diplomacy-fails-to-impress-or-reassure/ |archive-date=12 April 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> ] seems to be positively perceived by the domestic audience, especially those with a more nationalist point of view.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Zhu |first1=Zhiqun |title=Interpreting China’s ‘Wolf-Warrior Diplomacy‘ |url=https://thediplomat.com/2020/05/interpreting-chinas-wolf-warrior-diplomacy/ |website=thediplomat.com |publisher=The Diplomat |access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref> Foreign observers have noted that, under Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, China and the rest of the world play by different rules.{{Citation needed|date=November 2020}} This endorsement of Chinese exceptionalism has been criticized as havoc.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Roy |first1=Denny |title='Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy' Fails to Impress – or Reassure |url=https://thediplomat.com/2020/04/xi-jinping-thought-on-diplomacy-fails-to-impress-or-reassure/ |website=thediplomat.com |publisher=The Diplomat |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412011333/https://thediplomat.com/2020/04/xi-jinping-thought-on-diplomacy-fails-to-impress-or-reassure/ |archive-date=12 April 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> ] seems to be positively perceived by the domestic audience, especially those with a more nationalist point of view.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Zhu |first1=Zhiqun |title=Interpreting China's 'Wolf-Warrior Diplomacy' |url=https://thediplomat.com/2020/05/interpreting-chinas-wolf-warrior-diplomacy/ |website=thediplomat.com |publisher=The Diplomat |access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>


In terms of theory, parallels have been drawn to ] international relations theory,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Economy |first1=Elizabeth |title=China's Neo-Maoist Moment |url=https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2019-10-01/chinas-neo-maoist-moment |journal=Foreign Affairs |date=3 October 2019 |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412014358/https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2019-10-01/chinas-neo-maoist-moment |archive-date=12 April 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> in particular to Mao Zedong's “].”<ref name="Modern Diplomacy 2019" >{{cite web |last1=Elia Valori |first1=Giancarlo |title=President Xi Jinping's diplomacy doctrine |url=https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2019/09/11/president-xi-jinpings-diplomacy-doctrine/ |website=moderndiplomacy.eu |date=11 September 2019 |publisher=Modern Diplomacy |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412011333/https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2019/09/11/president-xi-jinpings-diplomacy-doctrine/ |archive-date=12 April 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> In terms of theory, parallels have been drawn to ] international relations theory,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Economy |first1=Elizabeth |title=China's Neo-Maoist Moment |url=https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2019-10-01/chinas-neo-maoist-moment |journal=Foreign Affairs |date=3 October 2019 |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412014358/https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2019-10-01/chinas-neo-maoist-moment |archive-date=12 April 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> in particular to Mao Zedong's “].”<ref name="Modern Diplomacy 2019" >{{cite web |last1=Elia Valori |first1=Giancarlo |title=President Xi Jinping's diplomacy doctrine |url=https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2019/09/11/president-xi-jinpings-diplomacy-doctrine/ |website=moderndiplomacy.eu |date=11 September 2019 |publisher=Modern Diplomacy |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412011333/https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2019/09/11/president-xi-jinpings-diplomacy-doctrine/ |archive-date=12 April 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref>

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Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, officially the "General Secretary Xi Jinping's Thought on Diplomacy" (Chinese: 习近平总书记外交思想), is the current diplomatic and foreign policy doctrine of the People's Republic of China. It is related to the larger Xi Jinping Thought, which is derived from the Chinese Communist Party general secretary Xi Jinping.

According to Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is "the fundamental guideline for China's diplomatic work is an epoch-making milestone in the diplomatic theory of New China." The main point of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is to orient as much of diplomacy as possible to the bilateral level while still supporting the formal architecture of the international system.

History

During the first five years of Xi Jinping's leadership the budget for diplomacy doubled.

According to Xinhua agency, Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy was officially adopted during the Central Conference on Work Relating to Foreign Affairs in 2018.

In July 2020, Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs inaugurated a research center for the study of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy.

Reception

Foreign observers have noted that, under Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, China and the rest of the world play by different rules. This endorsement of Chinese exceptionalism has been criticized as havoc. Wolf warrior diplomacy seems to be positively perceived by the domestic audience, especially those with a more nationalist point of view.

In terms of theory, parallels have been drawn to Maoist international relations theory, in particular to Mao Zedong's “Three Worlds Theory.”

See also

References

  1. Yang Jiechi (2017-11-28). "Studying General Secretary Xi Jinping's Thought on Diplomacy". english.qstheory.cn. Qiushi Journal.
  2. Bishop, Bill. "Xi's thought on diplomacy is "epoch-making"". www.axios.com. Axios. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
  3. ^ Elia Valori, Giancarlo (11 September 2019). "President Xi Jinping's diplomacy doctrine". moderndiplomacy.eu. Modern Diplomacy. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
  4. Loh, Dylan M.H. "Over here, overbearing: The origins of China's 'Wolf Warrior' style diplomacy". hongkongfp.com. hongkongfp.com. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  5. "Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy an epoch-making milestone in China's diplomatic theory: FM". www.xinhuanet.com. Xinhua. Archived from the original on 9 January 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
  6. Tzu-ti, Huang. "China sets up Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy research center". www.taiwannews.com.tw. Taiwan News. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  7. Roy, Denny. "'Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy' Fails to Impress – or Reassure". thediplomat.com. The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
  8. Zhu, Zhiqun. "Interpreting China's 'Wolf-Warrior Diplomacy'". thediplomat.com. The Diplomat. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  9. Economy, Elizabeth (3 October 2019). "China's Neo-Maoist Moment". Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
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