| Revision as of 21:52, 2 September 2021 editVycl1994 (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users126,322 edits →Europe← Previous edit | Revision as of 10:30, 22 November 2021 edit undoPeters01 (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users23,232 edits Added details Idris al-Ma'mun (Almohad caliphNext edit → | ||
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| ===By |
=== By place === | ||
| ⚫ | ==== |
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| ⚫ | * The ] army besieges ], where Abu Musa, |
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| ====Asia==== | ==== Asia ==== | ||
| * ] – ]: The ] begins with ] ] defending ], its capital, against ] invaders with the use of ]s. | * ] – ]: The ] begins with ] ] defending ], its capital, against ] invaders with the use of ]s. | ||
| * The original woodblocks of the '']'' are destroyed by Mongol invaders. | * The original woodblocks of the '']'' are destroyed by Mongol invaders. | ||
| ====Europe==== | ==== Europe ==== | ||
| * May – Holy Roman Emperor ] reaffirms the '']''. | * May – Holy Roman Emperor ] reaffirms the '']''. | ||
| * ] – ]: ] defeats the armies of ]. | * ] – ]: ] defeats the armies of ]. | ||
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| * ] – ] orders the ] to be proclaimed in northern Germany.<ref>{{cite book|first=Thomas W.|last=Smith|url=https://www.academia.edu/30735419|chapter=The Use of the Bible in the Arengae of Pope Gregory IX's Crusade Calls |editor=Lapina, Elizabeth |editor2=Morton, Nicholas|title=The Uses of the Bible in Crusader Sources|publisher=Brill|year=2017|pages=206–235}}</ref> | * ] – ] orders the ] to be proclaimed in northern Germany.<ref>{{cite book|first=Thomas W.|last=Smith|url=https://www.academia.edu/30735419|chapter=The Use of the Bible in the Arengae of Pope Gregory IX's Crusade Calls |editor=Lapina, Elizabeth |editor2=Morton, Nicholas|title=The Uses of the Bible in Crusader Sources|publisher=Brill|year=2017|pages=206–235}}</ref> | ||
| === |
==== Africa ==== | ||
| ⚫ | * The ] army besieges the city of ], where Abu Musa, rebellious brother of Caliph ], has received shelter and the support of the population. The ] rent a part of their fleet to the rebels, who successfully resist the forces of the caliph. The consequences of this revolt are threefold: the city becomes '']'' independent from the Almohads, but its reliance on the Italian maritime powers increases, and the ] routes begin to shift eastward, due to the local turmoil.<ref>Picard, Christophe (1997). ''La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe–XIIIe siècle''. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.</ref> | ||
| ⚫ | ==== |
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| ⚫ | * The ] city of ] issues its first recorded ], confirming the trend of consolidation of local public debts initiated in ], by the neighboring city of ].<ref>{{cite book|last=Zuijderduijn|first=Jaco|title=Medieval Capital Markets. Markets for renten, state formation and private investment in Holland (1300-1550)|year=2009|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden/Boston|isbn=978-9-00417565-5}}</ref> | ||
| === |
=== By topic === | ||
| ⚫ | * ] – ] is ] by ] at ], less than a year after his death;<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Dal-Gal|first=Niccolò|title=St. Anthony of Padua|encyclopedia=The Catholic Encyclopedia|volume=1|publisher=Robert Appleton Company|year=1907|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01556a.htm|access-date=2011-06-13}}</ref> he becomes the patron saint of lost items. |
||
| ⚫ | ==== Markets ==== | ||
| ⚫ | * The ] city of ] issues its first recorded ], confirming the trend of consolidation of local public debts initiated in ], by the neighboring city of ].<ref>{{cite book|last=Zuijderduijn|first=Jaco|title=Medieval Capital Markets. Markets for renten, state formation and private investment in Holland (1300-1550)|year=2009|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden/Boston|isbn=978-9-00417565-5}}</ref> | ||
| ⚫ | ==== Religion ==== | ||
| ⚫ | * ] – ] is ] by ] at ], less than a year after his death;<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Dal-Gal|first=Niccolò|title=St. Anthony of Padua|encyclopedia=The Catholic Encyclopedia|volume=1|publisher=Robert Appleton Company|year=1907|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01556a.htm|access-date=2011-06-13}}</ref> he becomes the patron saint of lost items. | ||
| </onlyinclude> | |||
| == Births == | == Births == | ||
| * ], Florentine architect (d. ]) | * ], Florentine architect (d. ]) | ||
Revision as of 10:30, 22 November 2021
Calendar year
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1232 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1232 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1232 MCCXXXII |
| Ab urbe condita | 1985 |
| Armenian calendar | 681 ԹՎ ՈՁԱ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5982 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1153–1154 |
| Bengali calendar | 638–639 |
| Berber calendar | 2182 |
| English Regnal year | 16 Hen. 3 – 17 Hen. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1776 |
| Burmese calendar | 594 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6740–6741 |
| Chinese calendar | 辛卯年 (Metal Rabbit) 3929 or 3722 — to — 壬辰年 (Water Dragon) 3930 or 3723 |
| Coptic calendar | 948–949 |
| Discordian calendar | 2398 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1224–1225 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4992–4993 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1288–1289 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1153–1154 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4332–4333 |
| Holocene calendar | 11232 |
| Igbo calendar | 232–233 |
| Iranian calendar | 610–611 |
| Islamic calendar | 629–630 |
| Japanese calendar | Kangi 4 / Jōei 1 (貞永元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1141–1142 |
| Julian calendar | 1232 MCCXXXII |
| Korean calendar | 3565 |
| Minguo calendar | 680 before ROC 民前680年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −236 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1774–1775 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴金兔年 (female Iron-Rabbit) 1358 or 977 or 205 — to — 阳水龙年 (male Water-Dragon) 1359 or 978 or 206 |
Year 1232 (MCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Asia
- April 8 – Mongol conquest of Jin China: The Mongol siege of Kaifeng begins with Jin dynasty China defending Kaifeng, its capital, against Mongol invaders with the use of rockets.
- The original woodblocks of the Tripitaka Koreana are destroyed by Mongol invaders.
Europe
- May – Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II reaffirms the Statutum in favorem principum.
- June 15 – Battle of Agridi: Henry I of Cyprus defeats the armies of Frederick II.
- July 16 – Muhammad Ibn Yusuf Ibn Nasr is elected ruler of Arjona, Spain, by the local mosque. He rebels against the independent ruler of al-Andalus, Ibn Hud al-Yadami, and takes control of the city. This is the foundation of the Nasrid dynasty.
- August – In Italy, Pope Gregory IX is forced to remain in his summer retreat of Anagni by forces from Rome.
- September – Drenther Crusade ends.
- October 29 – Pope Gregory IX orders the Stedinger Crusade to be proclaimed in northern Germany.
Africa
- The Almohad army besieges the city of Ceuta, where Abu Musa, rebellious brother of Caliph Idris al-Ma'mun, has received shelter and the support of the population. The Genoese rent a part of their fleet to the rebels, who successfully resist the forces of the caliph. The consequences of this revolt are threefold: the city becomes de facto independent from the Almohads, but its reliance on the Italian maritime powers increases, and the Trans-Saharan trade routes begin to shift eastward, due to the local turmoil.
By topic
Markets
- The northern French city of Troyes issues its first recorded life annuities, confirming the trend of consolidation of local public debts initiated in 1218, by the neighboring city of Reims.
Religion
- May 30 – Anthony of Padua is canonized by Pope Gregory IX at Spoleto, less than a year after his death; he becomes the patron saint of lost items.
Births
- Arnolfo di Cambio, Florentine architect (d. 1310)
- Manfred, King of Sicily (approximate date; k. 1266)
- Elisabeth of Wrocław, duchess consort of Greater Poland (approximate date; d. 1265)
- Ramon Llull, Majorcan missionary (d. 1316)
- Bernard Saisset, Occitan bishop of Pamiers (d. 1311)
Deaths
- July 18 – John de Braose, Marcher Lord of Bramber and Gower
- Michael Scot, Scottish mathematician and astrologer (b. 1175)
- Azalaïs of Montferrat, marchioness regent of Saluzzo (b. 1150)
- Tolui, son of Genghis Khan (b. c. 1190)
References
- Linehan, Peter (1999). "Chapter 21: Castile, Portugal and Navarre". In Abulafia, David (ed.). The New Cambridge Medieval History c.1198–c.1300. Cambridge University Press. pp. 668–673. ISBN 0-521-36289-X.
- Gregorovius, Ferdinand. History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages. Vol. 9. p. 164.
- Maier, Christoph T. (2006). "Drenthe Crusade (1228–1232)". In Murray, A. V. (ed.). The Crusades: An Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. ABC-CLIO. p. 365.
- Smith, Thomas W. (2017). "The Use of the Bible in the Arengae of Pope Gregory IX's Crusade Calls". In Lapina, Elizabeth; Morton, Nicholas (eds.). The Uses of the Bible in Crusader Sources. Brill. pp. 206–235.
- Picard, Christophe (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe–XIIIe siècle. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
- Zuijderduijn, Jaco (2009). Medieval Capital Markets. Markets for renten, state formation and private investment in Holland (1300-1550). Leiden/Boston: Brill. ISBN 978-9-00417565-5.
- Dal-Gal, Niccolò (1907). "St. Anthony of Padua". The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved June 13, 2011.