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| C=7 | H=6 | O=4 |
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| C=7 | H=6 | O=4 |
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| Appearance = Colorless solid |
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| Appearance = Colorless solid |
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| Density=1.542 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20 °C)<ref name=crc/> |
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| MeltingPtC = 204 to 206 |
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| MeltingPtC = 205 |
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| MeltingPt_ref=<ref name=crc>{{cite book |ref=Haynes| editor= Haynes, William M. | date = 2016| title = ] | edition = 97th | publisher = ] | isbn = 9781498754293|page=3.190}}</ref> |
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| BoilingPt = |
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| BoilingPt = |
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| Solubility = 26 g/L at 22C |
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| Solubility = |
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards |
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards |
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'''2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid''' is a natural phenol found in '']''<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1124/mol.106.025262 | pmid=17065237 | volume=71 | issue=1 | title=An extract from the medicinal plant Phyllanthus acidus and its isolated compounds induce airway chloride secretion: A potential treatment for cystic fibrosis |date=January 2007 | journal=Mol. Pharmacol. | pages=366–76 |vauthors=Sousa M, Ousingsawat J, Seitz R, etal| s2cid=5793585 }}</ref> and in the aquatic fern '']''.<ref>{{Cite journal| last1 = Choudhary| first1 = M. I. | last2 = Naheed | first2 = N. | last3 = Abbaskhan | first3 = A. | last4 = Musharraf | first4 = S. G. | last5 = Siddiqui | first5 = H. | last6 = Atta-Ur-Rahman | doi = 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.10.028 | title = Phenolic and other constituents of fresh water fern Salvinia molesta | journal = Phytochemistry | volume = 69 | issue = 4 | pages = 1018–1023 | year = 2008 | pmid = 18177906}}</ref> It is also abundant in the fruits of '']''. It is a ], a type of organic compound. |
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'''2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid''' is a natural phenol found in '']''<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1124/mol.106.025262 | pmid=17065237 | volume=71 | issue=1 | title=An extract from the medicinal plant Phyllanthus acidus and its isolated compounds induce airway chloride secretion: A potential treatment for cystic fibrosis |date=January 2007 | journal=Mol. Pharmacol. | pages=366–76 |vauthors=Sousa M, Ousingsawat J, Seitz R, etal| s2cid=5793585 }}</ref> and in the aquatic fern '']''.<ref>{{Cite journal| last1 = Choudhary| first1 = M. I. | last2 = Naheed | first2 = N. | last3 = Abbaskhan | first3 = A. | last4 = Musharraf | first4 = S. G. | last5 = Siddiqui | first5 = H. | last6 = Atta-Ur-Rahman | doi = 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.10.028 | title = Phenolic and other constituents of fresh water fern Salvinia molesta | journal = Phytochemistry | volume = 69 | issue = 4 | pages = 1018–1023 | year = 2008 | pmid = 18177906}}</ref> It is also abundant in the fruits of '']''. It is a ], a type of organic compound. |
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The colorless solid occurs naturally, being formed via the ]. It is incorporated into various ]s, which are molecules that strongly complex iron ions for absorption into bacteria. 2,3-DHB consists of a ] group, which upon deprotonation binds iron centers very strongly, and the ] group by which the ring attaches to various scaffolds through amide bonds. A famous high affinity siderophore is ], which contains three dihydroxybenzoyl substituents linked to the depsipeptide of ].<ref>{{cite journal |author1=I. G. O'Brien |author2=G. B. Cox |author3=F. Gibson | title = Biologically active compounds containing 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid and serine formed by ''Escherichia coli'' | journal = ] | year = 1970 | volume = 201 | pages = 453–60 | pmid = 4908639 | issue = 3 | doi=10.1016/0304-4165(70)90165-0}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Young | first1 = I. G. | last2 = Gibson | first2 = F. | doi = 10.1016/0304-4165(69)90302-X | title = Regulation of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid in Aerobacter aerogenes and Escherichia coli | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects | volume = 177 | issue = 3 | pages = 401–11 | year = 1969 | pmid = 4306838}}</ref> |
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The colorless solid occurs naturally, being formed via the ]. It is incorporated into various ]s, which are molecules that strongly complex iron ions for absorption into bacteria. 2,3-DHB consists of a ] group, which upon deprotonation binds iron centers very strongly, and the ] group by which the ring attaches to various scaffolds through amide bonds. A famous high affinity siderophore is ], which contains three dihydroxybenzoyl substituents linked to the depsipeptide of ].<ref>{{cite journal |author1=O'Brien, I. G. |author2=Cox, G. B. |author3=Gibson, F. | title = Biologically active compounds containing 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid and serine formed by ''Escherichia coli'' | journal = ] | year = 1970 | volume = 201 | pages = 453–60 | pmid = 4908639 | issue = 3 | doi=10.1016/0304-4165(70)90165-0}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Young | first1 = I. G. | last2 = Gibson | first2 = F. | doi = 10.1016/0304-4165(69)90302-X | title = Regulation of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid in ''Aerobacter aerogenes'' and ''Escherichia coli'' | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects | volume = 177 | issue = 3 | pages = 401–11 | year = 1969 | pmid = 4306838}}</ref> |
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It is a potentially useful ]<ref>{{cite journal | title = The identification of 2,3-dihroxybenzoic acid as a potentially useful iron-chelating drug |author1=J. H. Graziano |author2=R. W. Grady |author3=A. Cerami | journal = Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics |year = 1974 | volume= 190 | issue = 3| pages =570–575 |pmid=4416298 | url = http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/190/3/570.short}}</ref> and has ] properties.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Shibumon George |author2=Benny PJ |author3=Sunny Kuriakose |author4=Cincy George | title = Antibiotic activity of 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid isolated from Flacourtia inermis fruit against multidrug resistant bacteria | journal = Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research| volume=4 | issue = 1 | date = 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Benny PJ |author2=George Shibumon |author3=Kuriakose Sunny |author4=George Cincy | title = 2, 3-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid: An Effective Antifungal Agent Isolated from Flacourtia inermis Fruit | journal = International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research | date = 2010 | volume = 2 | issue = 3 | pages = 101–105}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=George Shibumon |author2=Benny PJ |author3=Kuriakose Sunny |author4=George Cincy |author5=Gopalakrishnan Sarala | title = Antiprotozoal activity of 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid isolated from the fruit extracts of Flacourtia inermis Roxb | journal = Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries |date=2011 | volume = 3 | issue = 3 | pages = 237–241| doi=10.5958/j.0975-4261.3.3.038}}</ref> |
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It is a potentially useful ]<ref>{{cite journal | title = The identification of 2,3-dihroxybenzoic acid as a potentially useful iron-chelating drug |author1=Graziano, J. H. |author2=Grady, R. W. |author3=Cerami, A. | journal = Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics |year = 1974 | volume= 190 | issue = 3| pages =570–575 |pmid=4416298 | url = http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/190/3/570.short}}</ref> and has ] properties.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=George, Shibumon |author2=PJ, Benny |author3=Kuriakose, Sunny |author4=George, Cincy |url=https://innovareacademics.in/journal/ajpcr/Vol4Issue1/227.pdf| title = Antibiotic activity of 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid isolated from ''Flacourtia inermis'' fruit against multidrug resistant bacteria | journal = Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research| volume=4 | issue = 1 | date = 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=PJ, Benny |author2=Shibumon, George |author3=Sunny, Kuriakose |author4=Cincy, George | title = 2, 3-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid: An Effective Antifungal Agent Isolated from ''Flacourtia inermis'' Fruit |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/210252724| journal = International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research | date = 2010 | volume = 2 | issue = 3 | pages = 101–105}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=George, Shibumon |author2=PJ, Benny |author3=Kuriakose, Sunny |author4=George, Cincy |author5=Sarala, Gopalakrishnan | title = Antiprotozoal activity of 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid isolated from the fruit extracts of ''Flacourtia inermis'' Roxb | journal = Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries |date=2011 | volume = 3 | issue = 3 | pages = 237–241| doi=10.5958/j.0975-4261.3.3.038}}</ref> |
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2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid is also a product of human ] metabolism.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Grootveld | first1 = M. | last2 = Halliwell | first2 = B. | doi = 10.1016/0006-2952(88)90729-0 | title = 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid is a product of human aspirin metabolism | journal = Biochemical Pharmacology | volume = 37 | issue = 2 | pages = 271–280 | year = 1988 | pmid = 3342084}}</ref> |
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2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid is also a product of human ] metabolism.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Grootveld | first1 = M. | last2 = Halliwell | first2 = B. | doi = 10.1016/0006-2952(88)90729-0 | title = 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid is a product of human aspirin metabolism | journal = Biochemical Pharmacology | volume = 37 | issue = 2 | pages = 271–280 | year = 1988 | pmid = 3342084}}</ref> |
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== References == |
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== References == |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Phenolic acid}} |
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{{Phenolic acid}} |