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| {{Single source|date=April 2019}}] | {{Single source|date=April 2019}}] | ||
| In ], a '''FR''', or '''front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout''' is one where the ] is ] and ] via a ]. This was the traditional automobile layout for most of the 20th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/2006-01-1339|title=Development of a New Hybrid Transmission for RWD Car|publisher=www.sae.org|access-date=2008-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207074723/http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/2006-01-1339|archive-date=2009-02-07|url-status=dead}}</ref> Modern designs commonly use the ] (FF). It is also used in ] ] and ]. | In ], a '''FR''', or '''front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout''' is one where the ] is ] and ] via a ]. This was the traditional automobile layout for most of the 20th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/2006-01-1339|title=Development of a New Hybrid Transmission for RWD Car|publisher=www.sae.org|access-date=2008-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207074723/http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/2006-01-1339|archive-date=2009-02-07|url-status=dead}}</ref> Modern designs commonly use the ] (FF). It is also used in ] ] and ]. | ||
| ==Front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout== | |||
| {{anchor|FMR layout}} | |||
| ] | |||
| In ], a '''front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (FMR)''' is one that places the ] in the front, with the rear wheels of vehicle being driven. In contrast to the front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (FR), the engine is pushed back far enough that its ] is to the rear of the front axle. This aids in ] and reduces the ], improving the vehicle's ]. The mechanical layout of an FMR is substantially the same as an FR car. Some models of the same vehicle can be classified as either FR or FMR depending on the length of the installed engine (e.g. 4-cylinder vs. 6-cylinder) and its centre of mass in relation to the front axle. | |||
| ===Characteristics=== | |||
| * FMR cars are often characterized by a long hood and front wheels that are pushed forward to the corners of the vehicle, close to the front bumper. ]s often have FMR layouts, as a rear engine would not leave much space for the rear seats. | |||
| * FMR should also not be confused with a "front midships" location of the engine, referring to the engine being located fully behind the front axle centerline, in which case a car meeting the above FMR center of mass definition could be classified as a ] instead. The V35 ] / ] / ] are FR cars. | |||
| * FMR layout came standard in most pre–World War II, front-engine / rear-wheel-drive cars. | |||
| <gallery> | <gallery> | ||
| File:Fiat124Luc106.jpg|Fiat 124. | |||
| File:GMLT5.JPG|All ] from the second generation (model year 1963) through the seventh generation (model year 2019) are FMR layouts as seen in the engine bay of the ]. | |||
| File:Infiniti G37X sedan -- 03-16-2012.JPG|Infiniti G-series. | |||
| File:Honda F22C Engine.JPG|The ] engine sits clearly behind the top of the shock towers. | |||
| File:File:2004 Nissan 350Z 3.5 Front.jpg|Nissan 350Z. | |||
| File:Morgan 4 4 - Flickr - Alexandre Prévot (1).jpg|The ] and ] are classic "front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layouts". | |||
| File:The frontview of Nissan DAA-HV37 SKYLINE HYBRID GT Type SP (cropped).jpg|Nissan Skyline. | |||
| File:Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren engine.jpg|The engine bay of the ]. | |||
| File:2006 Maserati Quattroporte - Flickr - The Car Spy (4).jpg|The 4.2-litre V8 in the ] has FMR layout. | |||
| File:Dodge Viper Motorraum.JPG|Dodge Viper showing its 8.4l V10 positioned behind the car’s front axle | |||
| </gallery> | </gallery> | ||
Revision as of 11:13, 5 October 2022
Automobile layout | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources. Find sources: "Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2019) |
In automotive design, a FR, or front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout is one where the engine is located at the front of the vehicle and driven wheels are located at the rear via a drive shaft. This was the traditional automobile layout for most of the 20th century. Modern designs commonly use the front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout (FF). It is also used in high-floor buses and school buses.
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Fiat 124.
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Infiniti G-series.
- Nissan 350Z. Nissan 350Z.
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Nissan Skyline.
.jpg)
See also
References
- "Development of a New Hybrid Transmission for RWD Car". www.sae.org. Archived from the original on 2009-02-07. Retrieved 2008-01-11.