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Shahin Dezh Template:Lang-fa
City
General view of Bibi Kand rock complex
Shahin Dezh
Coordinates: 36°40′50″N 46°34′05″E / 36.68056°N 46.56806°E / 36.68056; 46.56806
Country	Iran
Province	West Azerbaijan
County	Shahin Dezh
District	Central
Population
• Total	43,131
Time zone	UTC+3:30 (IRST)

Shahin Dezh (Template:Lang-fa and Template:Lang-az, Template:Lang-ku, also Romanized as Shāhīn Dezh; also known as Şā’īn Dezh, Shahindej, and Sahin Dazh; formerly, Sāīn Kale, صائین قالا and Şā’īn Qal‘eh, is a city in the Central District of Shahin Dezh County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

At the 2006 census, its population was 34,204 in 8,671 households. The following census in 2011 counted 38,396 people in 10,782 households. The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 43,131 people in 12,826 households.

Shahin Dezh is located about 1,300 meters in elevation. The city is on the Zarrineh River, southeast of Lake Urmia.

History

The modern town of Shahin Dezh was formerly known as Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh. The name Ṣāʾīn (also spelled Sāīn, Shahin, etcetera.) is derived from the Mongol sayin, which translates as "good".

The local Turkic Afshars were brought to the area from Shiraz at the beginning of the 19th century by Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (r. 1797–1834), the second shah of Qajar Iran. Later, a segment of these Afshars had to migrate to Urmia in order to make way for the Chardawri (Chardowli) Lurs. The chief of the Chardowli's resided at Mahmuddjik and was the commander of c. 5,000 men. In 1830, Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh was sacked by Kurds led by Sheikh Ubeydullah. Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh, being the site of an Iranian military garrison in the past, safeguarded the entrance to the Azerbaijan Province through the Zarrineh valley.

The ancient Karaftu caves, first described by Robert Ker Porter (1777–1842), and the old site of Takht-e Soleyman were formerly located in the territory of the Afshars of Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh. The lake of Chamli Göl, near the village of Badarli with its floating island were likewise well known at the time. Some of the Afshars of Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh belonged to the Yarsanism sect.

The old site of Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh is now occupied by the modern town of Shahin Dezh, which is also the chef-lieu of Shahin Dezh County. In c. 1950, its population was 3,170 which by 1991 had increased to 25,050.

The fortress of Ṣāʾīn Qal‘eh must not be confused with the similarly named fortress on the Abhar river to the east of Soltaniyeh, which was mentioned by Hamdallah Mustawfi (1281 – after 1339/40).

References

1. OpenStreetMap contributors (19 February 2024). "Shahin Dezh, Shahin Dezh County" (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
2. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 04. Archived from the original (Excel) on 30 August 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
3. Aseman: منطقه‌ای که مرکز آن تکاب است و معروف به یوخاری‌محال (محال علیا) و منطقه دیگر را که مرکز آن سایین قالا یا همان شاهین دژ فعلی است آشاقی‌محال (محال سفلی) می‌نامند
4. Shahin Dezh can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3081937" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
5. Habibi, Hassan (24 September 1369). "Creation and establishment of two cities and several districts and annexation of several villages to Urmia city". Research Center of the System of Laws of the Islamic Council of the Farabi Library of Mobile Users (in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Board. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
6. "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 04. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
7. "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 04. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
8. ^ Minorsky, V. (1997). "Ṣāʾīn Ḳalʿa". In Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Lecomte, G. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume IX: San–Sze. Leiden: E. J. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-10422-8.

External links

• Images from this city

v t e West Azerbaijan province, Iran
List of cities, towns and villages in West Azerbaijan Province
Capital	Urmia
Counties and cities	Bukan County Bukan Simmineh Chaldoran County Siah Cheshmeh Avajiq Chaypareh County Qarah Zia od Din Khoy County Khoy Firuraq Ivughli Mahabad County Mahabad Maku County Maku Bazargan Miandoab County Miandoab Baruq Chahar Borj Naqadeh County Naqadeh Mohammadyar Oshnavieh County Oshnavieh Nalus Piranshahr County Piranshahr Gerd Kashaneh Poldasht County Poldasht Salmas County Salmas Tazeh Shahr Sardasht County Sardasht Mirabad Rabat Shahin Dezh County Shahin Dezh Keshavarz Mahmudabad Showt County Showt Marganlar Yowla Galdi Takab County Takab Urmia County Urmia Nushin Qushchi Serow Silvaneh
Tourism	Teppe Hasanlu Kelashin Stele Bastam Citadel Takht-e Soleymān Lake Urmia Zarrineh River Shalmash Falls St. Mary Church St. Thaddeus Monastery Chapel of Dzordzor St. George Church Jameh Mosque of Urmia Baghchejogh museum and palace Segonbad Ghoutour Bridge
Places	List of cities, towns and villages in West Azerbaijan Province

v t e Shahin Dezh County
Capital	Shahin Dezh
Districts	Central Cities Mahmudabad Shahin Dezh Rural Districts and villages Hulasu Aghajari Baghlujeh Bayram Qalehsi Cheragh Abdal Dulanqir Elibalta Fathabad Godaklu Hachasu Hamzeh Qasem Hasan Owlan Hulasu Karan Kerkereh Khan Qoli Khazai-ye Olya Khazai-ye Sofla Khulineh Khvajehlu Kord Kandi Mahmudabad-e Olya Mahmudabad-e Sofla Mamalu Manbar Mirajal Otaqlu Owch Darreh Pichaqchi Qaleh Qurineh Qareh Zagh Qezel Qabr Qezel Qayeh-ye Olya Qezel Qayeh-ye Sofla Qezel Qayeh-ye Vosta Qiz Korpi Quyjeq Quzlujeh Tark-e Viran Tumar Aghaj Yengejeh Zeyd Kandi Mahmudabad Abbas Bolaghi Ahmadabad-e Dash Kasan Aq Tappeh Aqrablu Bibi Kand Chichaklu Dash Kasan Gheyb Ali Hajjiabad Hoseynabad Industrial Estate Jushatuy-e Olya Jushatuy-e Sofla Kani Sanjud Khatunabad Mastanabad Mushandarreh Nowruzabad Qadim Qarah Tappeh Qeshlaq-e Bakhtiar Sarujeh-ye Olya Sarujeh-ye Sofla Yengi Orkh Yengiabad Safa Khaneh Aliabad Baghcheh Misheh Bagh-e Olya Bagh-e Sofla Bardeh Naqshineh Beygtuli-ye Olya Gachi Qalehsi Golcharmu Guzal Bolagh Hasanlu Hesar Hoseynabad Incheh Quzluy-e Afshar Safa Khaneh Safiar Khan Sanjud Soleymanabad Tark Darreh Tazehabad Keshavarz Cities Keshavarz Rural Districts and villages Chaharduli Ahmad Beyg Akhi Jan Alaguz Alichin Ashti Bolagh Chapu Damirchi Guli Incheh Kahel-e Olya Kahel-e Sofla Kahriz Khalaj Kuseh Leylakabad Maqbul Nowruzlu Osman Owlan Owbeh Bolaghi Parvizabad Qalqanlu Qarah Qayeh Qareh Ughlan Qatur Qinarjeh Quzluy-e Olya Quzluy-e Sofla Reza Qeshlaq Sevarin Tazeh Kand Uzan-e Olya Uzan-e Sofla Zaher Kandi Zeynalu Keshavarz Aghcheh Masjed Aghchehlu Ahmadabad Aqbal Chaplujeh Goli Heydarabad Khalvat Mohammadabad Najjar Pareh-ye Olya Pareh-ye Sofla Qaban Kandi Qareh Bolagh-e Olya Qareh Bolagh-e Sofla Qareh Qowyunlu Qazanlu Qulanjeq Saidabad Tez Kharab Yusef Kandi Zamanabad

• Cities in West Azerbaijan Province
• Populated places in Shahin Dezh County
• Kurdish settlements in West Azerbaijan Province