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| {{Infobox cemetery | |||
| | name = O'Neill's Point Cemetery | |||
| | image = ] | |||
| | imagesize = | |||
| | caption = Outside the cemetery, at the lychgate | |||
| | map_type = {{Infobox mapframe}} | |||
| | map_size = | |||
| | map_caption = | |||
| | established = 1891 | |||
| | country = New Zealand | |||
| | location = Auckland | |||
| | coordinates = {{coord|-36.81030|174.78128|region:NZ_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | |||
| | type = Historic | |||
| | style = | |||
| | owner = | |||
| | size = | |||
| | graves = | |||
| | interments = | |||
| | cremations = | |||
| | leases = | |||
| | website = | |||
| | findagraveid = 2162544 | |||
| | political = | |||
| | embedded = {{designation list|embed=yes|designation1=NZ Category I|designation1_offname=O'Neill's Point Cemetery |designation1_number=9394 |designation1_date=7 July 2022}} | |||
| }} | |||
| '''O'Neill's Point Cemetery''' is a historic cemetery and reserve located in ]. It is a 3.4 hectare tract of land that extends from Bayswater Ave, down to the shore of ]. Across from it is Bayswater Park. There is a walking and cycling track that runs beside the cemetery that connects Bayswater to ] and ] to the north and south respectively. | |||
| Built in 1891, O'Neill's acted as a second-generation cemetery to the '''Mount Victoria Cemetery''' in Devonport after this site raised health and safety concern for its proximity to the local residences<ref name=":4">{{Cite news |date=26 January 1877 |title=Trinity Church, Devonport, North Shore |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH18770126.2.21 |url-status=live |work=New Zealand Herald |page=2 |volume=XIV |issue=4741}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |date=23 August 1890 |title=Cemetery Scandals |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/TO18900823.2.3 |url-status=live |work=Observer |page=3 |volume=X |issue=608}}</ref>. The cemetery is listed on the Heritage New Zealand List as a category 1 heritage site<ref>{{Cite web |title=O'Neill's Point Cemetery |url=https://www.heritage.org.nz/list-details/9394/O%E2%80%99Neill%E2%80%99s-Point-Cemetery |url-status=live |access-date=3 December 2024 |website=Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga}}</ref>. It is particularly significant as it contains the final resting place of many prominent early New Zealanders as well as WWI veterans of Pacific and Māori background who were trained at Narrowneck Camp. | |||
| == History == | |||
| The land the O'Neill's Point Cemetery was built on was given to the Devonport Borough council by James Frederick O'Neill to build a cemetery on in 1898<ref>{{Cite news |title=Borough Council Meetings: Devonport |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS18891210.2.16 |url-status=live |access-date= |publisher=Auckland Star |page=5 |volume=XX |issue=293}}</ref>. The need for a new cemetery came when the existing cemetery in Devonport, Mount Victoria Cemetery, raised health concerns from residents<ref name=":4" /> as it was located in the centre of the town<ref name=":5" />. At this time, Bayswater was mostly vacant land and so was an appropriate place just outside of the Devonport area to set up a cemetery. | |||
| The cemetery's layout was designed by John Francis Boylan, a prominent engineer from the Auckland area<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boylan, John Francis 1850-1922 |url=https://natlib.govt.nz/records/22546270 |url-status=live |website=National Library of New Zealand}}</ref>. The plots formed a ] grid that allowed for people to walk easily amongst the graves, which was lined with native trees<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=12 September 1885 |title=The Devonport Cemetery |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH18850912.2.20 |url-status=live |work=New Zealand Herald |page=5 |volume=XXII |issue=7431}}</ref>. These plots were divided into Anglican, Catholic and Unsectarian sections<ref name=":0" />. The cemetery was open for interments in August 1891<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 July 1891 |title=Page 1 Advertisements Column 4 |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH18910725.2.3.4 |url-status=live |work=New Zealand Herald |page=1 |volume=XXVIII |issue=8628}}</ref>. | |||
| In 1895, more grave plots were added to the existing plots<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 April 1895 |title=Borough Councils |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH18950418.2.59 |url-status=live |work=New Zealand Herald |page=6 |volume=XXXII |issue=9797}}</ref>, and in 1897, a mortuary chapel was constructed<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=14 July 1897 |title=Devonport Borough Council |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS18970714.2.7 |url-status=live |work=Auckland Star |page=2 |volume=XXVIII |issue=162}}</ref>. It was designed by Edward Bartley<ref name=":1" /> in the ] style. Further plots were added in 1903<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 May 1903 |title=Devonport Borough Council |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19030520.2.14 |url-status=live |work=New Zealand Herald |page=3 |volume=XL |issue=12275}}</ref>. | |||
| In 1910, a wharf was built at the end of the Bayswater peninsula with regular steam ferry services to Auckland city<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=18 September 1909 |title=By Ferry and Tram to Takapuna |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS19090918.2.78 |url-status=live |work=Auckland Star |page=11 |volume=XL |issue=223}}</ref>. A tram service connected this ferry terminal to ]<ref name=":2" />] Because of increased access to the peninsula and an increase population<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 December 1912 |title=Auckland's Death Roll |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS19121230.2.49 |url-status=live |work=Auckland Star |page=6 |volume=XLIII |issue=311}}</ref>, the Bayswater peninsula began to grow in popularity as a residential area<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 September 1909 |title=Page 8 Advertisements Column 4 |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19090917.2.99.4 |url-status=live |work=New Zealand Herald |page=8 |volume=XLVI |issue=14168}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2 January 1913 |title=Page 10 Advertisements Column 2 |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19130102.2.90.2 |url-status=live |work=New Zealand Herald |page=10 |volume=L |issue=15190}}</ref>. By the 1930's, the cemetery became increasingly full<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 October 1931 |title=New Cemetery Desired |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19311009.2.96 |url-status=live |work=New Zealand Herald |page=10 |volume=LXVIII |issue=20999}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite news |date=18 August 1938 |title="Like Ned Kelly |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS19380818.2.125 |url-status=live |work=Auckland Star |page=11 |volume=LXIX |issue=194}}</ref>, and therefore the amount of people interred at the cemetery decreased significantly. Petitions to increase the size of the cemetery as well as add a crematorium were opposed by the Takapuna Council, who now had jurisdiction over the land surrounding the cemetery<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 February 1932 |title=Takapuna Council |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS19320218.2.33 |url-status=live |work=Auckland Star |page=5 |volume=LXIII |issue=41}}</ref><ref name=":3" />. This decrease in internments led to the demolition of the mortuary chapel some time before 1959. | |||
| ] | |||
| The ownership of the cemetery transferred to the City of Takapuna in 1972, and in 1974, the North Shore Memorial Park opened for burials for people from the broader ] area<ref>{{Cite web |title=North Shore Memorial Park |url=https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2162568/north-shore-memorial-park |url-status=live |access-date=3 December 2024 |website=Find a Grave}}</ref>, which had grown substantially after the construction of the ]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Auckland Harbour Bridge |url=https://www.engineeringnz.org/programmes/heritage/heritage-records/auckland-harbour-bridge/#:~:text=Having%20successfully%20navigated%20various%20construction,Cobham%2C%20on%20May%2030%201959. |url-status=live |access-date=3 December 2024 |website=Engineering New Zealand}}</ref>. At this point, the cemetery became open only to burials within existing family plots<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oneill's Cemetery Park |url=https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/cemeteries/pages/cemetery-location-details.aspx?LocationId=851 |url-status=live |access-date=3 December 2024 |website=Auckland Council Te Kaunihera o Tāmaki Makaurau}}</ref>. | |||
| == Significance == | |||
| As one of the first cemeteries in the Auckland area, O'Neill's Point Cemetery is the resting place of many notable figures in early Auckland history. | |||
| This cemetery has distinct significance in ] history in 20th century Auckland as the main burial site in New Zealand for ] soldiers who served in ]. One tenth of the Pacific Island ] soldiers buried are there. It is especially significant as many of other sites connected to early Pacific Island history in New Zealand no longer exist. | |||
| == Notable burials == | |||
| * '''Thomas''' (1803-1892) and '''Mary''' (1812-1891) '''Poynton''': Key figures in the growth of Catholicism in New Zealand. Celebrated the first Catholic mass in New Zealand in their home in Hokianga. | |||
| * '''John Palmer''' (1837-1902): Archdeacon of South Melanesia and missionary of the Melanesian Mission for 40 years. | |||
| === Military Deaths === | |||
| * '''Private Vilipate''' (1893-1915): First Pacific Islander military death. Vilipate was from Niue and died of pneumonia after he arrived in New Zealand | |||
| * '''Sergeant Beni Banaba''' (1890-1917): Came from an important chiefly family in Manihiri in the Cook Islands. Served in Egypt and Palestine between 1916 - 1917. Died of tuberculosis. | |||
| ==== 1918 Flu Epidemic Deaths ==== | |||
| * '''Private Mannao (Manuao)''' (1880-1918): From Tuvalu. | |||
| * '''Private Tonuia''' (1891-1918): From Tuvalu. | |||
| * '''Private Laliqapta Illitomasi''' (1891-1918): From Fiji. | |||
| * '''Te Hapa Ihia''' (c. 1893-1919): Waikato Māori. Participated in passive resistance movement against engaging in warfare led by Te Puea | |||
| * '''Tame Tahi''' (d.1918): Waikato Māori. Participated in passive resistance movement against engaging in warfare led by Te Puea | |||
| * '''Kiri Toto''' (c.1895-1918): Waikato Māori. Participated in passive resistance movement against engaging in warfare led by Te Puea | |||
| * '''Rupena Hihi''' (c.1891-1918): Waikato Māori. Participated in passive resistance movement against engaging in warfare led by Te Puea. | |||
| * '''Isabelle Maude (Maud)''' (1870-1918): Volunteered to look after the Māori and Pacifika troops who caught the flu. Died of the flu herself. | |||
| == Gravestones == | |||
| == Gallery == | |||
| <gallery> | |||
| File:Inside O'Neill's.jpg|link=|Inside O'Neill's Cemetery | |||
| </gallery> | |||
| == Reference List == | |||
| <references /> | |||
Revision as of 21:13, 3 December 2024
| O'Neill's Point Cemetery | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Details | |
| Established | 1891 |
| Location | Auckland |
| Country | New Zealand |
| Coordinates | 36°48′37″S 174°46′53″E / 36.81030°S 174.78128°E / -36.81030; 174.78128 |
| Type | Historic |
| Find a Grave | O'Neill's Point Cemetery |
| Heritage New Zealand – Category 1 | |
| Official name | O'Neill's Point Cemetery |
| Designated | 7 July 2022 |
| Reference no. | 9394 |
O'Neill's Point Cemetery is a historic cemetery and reserve located in Bayswater, New Zealand. It is a 3.4 hectare tract of land that extends from Bayswater Ave, down to the shore of Shoal Bay. Across from it is Bayswater Park. There is a walking and cycling track that runs beside the cemetery that connects Bayswater to Takapuna and Devonport to the north and south respectively.
Built in 1891, O'Neill's acted as a second-generation cemetery to the Mount Victoria Cemetery in Devonport after this site raised health and safety concern for its proximity to the local residences. The cemetery is listed on the Heritage New Zealand List as a category 1 heritage site. It is particularly significant as it contains the final resting place of many prominent early New Zealanders as well as WWI veterans of Pacific and Māori background who were trained at Narrowneck Camp.
History
The land the O'Neill's Point Cemetery was built on was given to the Devonport Borough council by James Frederick O'Neill to build a cemetery on in 1898. The need for a new cemetery came when the existing cemetery in Devonport, Mount Victoria Cemetery, raised health concerns from residents as it was located in the centre of the town. At this time, Bayswater was mostly vacant land and so was an appropriate place just outside of the Devonport area to set up a cemetery.
The cemetery's layout was designed by John Francis Boylan, a prominent engineer from the Auckland area. The plots formed a rectilinear grid that allowed for people to walk easily amongst the graves, which was lined with native trees. These plots were divided into Anglican, Catholic and Unsectarian sections. The cemetery was open for interments in August 1891.
In 1895, more grave plots were added to the existing plots, and in 1897, a mortuary chapel was constructed. It was designed by Edward Bartley in the Gothic Revival style. Further plots were added in 1903.
In 1910, a wharf was built at the end of the Bayswater peninsula with regular steam ferry services to Auckland city. A tram service connected this ferry terminal to Takapuna. Because of increased access to the peninsula and an increase population, the Bayswater peninsula began to grow in popularity as a residential area. By the 1930's, the cemetery became increasingly full, and therefore the amount of people interred at the cemetery decreased significantly. Petitions to increase the size of the cemetery as well as add a crematorium were opposed by the Takapuna Council, who now had jurisdiction over the land surrounding the cemetery. This decrease in internments led to the demolition of the mortuary chapel some time before 1959.
The ownership of the cemetery transferred to the City of Takapuna in 1972, and in 1974, the North Shore Memorial Park opened for burials for people from the broader North Shore area, which had grown substantially after the construction of the Auckland Harbour Bridge. At this point, the cemetery became open only to burials within existing family plots.
Significance
As one of the first cemeteries in the Auckland area, O'Neill's Point Cemetery is the resting place of many notable figures in early Auckland history.
This cemetery has distinct significance in Pacific Island history in 20th century Auckland as the main burial site in New Zealand for Pasifika soldiers who served in World War I. One tenth of the Pacific Island NZEF soldiers buried are there. It is especially significant as many of other sites connected to early Pacific Island history in New Zealand no longer exist.
Notable burials
- Thomas (1803-1892) and Mary (1812-1891) Poynton: Key figures in the growth of Catholicism in New Zealand. Celebrated the first Catholic mass in New Zealand in their home in Hokianga.
- John Palmer (1837-1902): Archdeacon of South Melanesia and missionary of the Melanesian Mission for 40 years.
Military Deaths
- Private Vilipate (1893-1915): First Pacific Islander military death. Vilipate was from Niue and died of pneumonia after he arrived in New Zealand
- Sergeant Beni Banaba (1890-1917): Came from an important chiefly family in Manihiri in the Cook Islands. Served in Egypt and Palestine between 1916 - 1917. Died of tuberculosis.
1918 Flu Epidemic Deaths
- Private Mannao (Manuao) (1880-1918): From Tuvalu.
- Private Tonuia (1891-1918): From Tuvalu.
- Private Laliqapta Illitomasi (1891-1918): From Fiji.
- Te Hapa Ihia (c. 1893-1919): Waikato Māori. Participated in passive resistance movement against engaging in warfare led by Te Puea
- Tame Tahi (d.1918): Waikato Māori. Participated in passive resistance movement against engaging in warfare led by Te Puea
- Kiri Toto (c.1895-1918): Waikato Māori. Participated in passive resistance movement against engaging in warfare led by Te Puea
- Rupena Hihi (c.1891-1918): Waikato Māori. Participated in passive resistance movement against engaging in warfare led by Te Puea.
- Isabelle Maude (Maud) (1870-1918): Volunteered to look after the Māori and Pacifika troops who caught the flu. Died of the flu herself.
Gravestones
Gallery
-
Inside O'Neill's Cemetery
Reference List
- ^ "Trinity Church, Devonport, North Shore". New Zealand Herald. Vol. XIV, no. 4741. 26 January 1877. p. 2.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Cemetery Scandals". Observer. Vol. X, no. 608. 23 August 1890. p. 3.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "O'Neill's Point Cemetery". Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Borough Council Meetings: Devonport". Vol. XX, no. 293. Auckland Star. p. 5.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Boylan, John Francis 1850-1922". National Library of New Zealand.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "The Devonport Cemetery". New Zealand Herald. Vol. XXII, no. 7431. 12 September 1885. p. 5.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Page 1 Advertisements Column 4". New Zealand Herald. Vol. XXVIII, no. 8628. 25 July 1891. p. 1.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Borough Councils". New Zealand Herald. Vol. XXXII, no. 9797. 18 April 1895. p. 6.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Devonport Borough Council". Auckland Star. Vol. XXVIII, no. 162. 14 July 1897. p. 2.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Devonport Borough Council". New Zealand Herald. Vol. XL, no. 12275. 20 May 1903. p. 3.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "By Ferry and Tram to Takapuna". Auckland Star. Vol. XL, no. 223. 18 September 1909. p. 11.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Auckland's Death Roll". Auckland Star. Vol. XLIII, no. 311. 30 December 1912. p. 6.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Page 8 Advertisements Column 4". New Zealand Herald. Vol. XLVI, no. 14168. 17 September 1909. p. 8.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Page 10 Advertisements Column 2". New Zealand Herald. Vol. L, no. 15190. 2 January 1913. p. 10.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "New Cemetery Desired". New Zealand Herald. Vol. LXVIII, no. 20999. 9 October 1931. p. 10.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ ""Like Ned Kelly". Auckland Star. Vol. LXIX, no. 194. 18 August 1938. p. 11.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Takapuna Council". Auckland Star. Vol. LXIII, no. 41. 18 February 1932. p. 5.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "North Shore Memorial Park". Find a Grave. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Auckland Harbour Bridge". Engineering New Zealand. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Oneill's Cemetery Park". Auckland Council Te Kaunihera o Tāmaki Makaurau. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)