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| == Discovery and naming == | == Discovery and naming == | ||
| The ''Neobohaiornis'' ] specimen, MH]-0288, was discovered in sediments of the ] near Lamadong in ] of ], northeastern China. The specimen is a nearly complete skeleton preserved in dorsal view. Feather traces are visible around much of the skeleton.<ref name="Neobohaiornis">{{Cite journal |last1=Shen |first1=Caizhi |last2=Clark |first2=Alexander D. |last3=Fang |first3=Hui |last4=Chen |first4=Shaokun |last5=Jiang |first5=Hongxia |last6=Ji |first6=Qiang |last7=O’Connor |first7=Jingmai K. |date=2024-12-28 |title=A new diminutive species of bohaiornithid enantiornithine (Aves: Ornithothoraces) from the Lower Cretaceous Jehol Group, northern China |journal=] |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=31363 |doi=10.1038/s41598-024-82869-8 |issn=2045-2322}}</ref> | The ''Neobohaiornis'' ] specimen, MH]-0288, was discovered in sediments of the ] near Lamadong in ] of ], northeastern China. The specimen is a nearly complete skeleton preserved in dorsal view. Feather traces are visible around much of the skeleton.<ref name="Neobohaiornis">{{Cite journal |last1=Shen |first1=Caizhi |last2=Clark |first2=Alexander D. |last3=Fang |first3=Hui |last4=Chen |first4=Shaokun |last5=Jiang |first5=Hongxia |last6=Ji |first6=Qiang |last7=O’Connor |first7=Jingmai K. |date=2024-12-28 |title=A new diminutive species of bohaiornithid enantiornithine (Aves: Ornithothoraces) from the Lower Cretaceous Jehol Group, northern China |journal=] |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=31363 |doi=10.1038/s41598-024-82869-8 |issn=2045-2322}}</ref> | ||
| In 2024, Shen et al. ] ''Neobohaiornis lamadongensis'' as a new genus and species of ] birds based on these fossil remains. The ], ''Neobohaiornis'', combines the ] prefix "]", meaning "new" with an allusion to the Bohaiornithidae (in turn derived from the ] and the Greek word ''ornis'', meaning "bird"<ref name=Bohaiornis>{{cite journal |last=Hu |first=Dongyu |author2=Li, Li |author3=Hou, Lianhaim |author4= Xu, Xing |year=2011 |title=A new enantiornithine bird from the Lower Cretaceous of western Liaoning, China |journal=] |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=154–161 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2011.546305|s2cid=145959744 }}</ref>). This name references the derived morphology of this taxon compared to other members of the clade. The ], ''lamadongensis'', refers to Lamadong, a town near the ].<ref name="Neobohaiornis "/> | In 2024, Shen et al. ] ''Neobohaiornis lamadongensis'' as a new genus and species of ] birds based on these fossil remains. The ], ''Neobohaiornis'', combines the ] prefix "]", meaning "new" with an allusion to the Bohaiornithidae (in turn derived from the ] and the Greek word ''ornis'', meaning "bird"<ref name=Bohaiornis>{{cite journal |last=Hu |first=Dongyu |author2=Li, Li |author3=Hou, Lianhaim |author4= Xu, Xing |year=2011 |title=A new enantiornithine bird from the Lower Cretaceous of western Liaoning, China |journal=] |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=154–161 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2011.546305|s2cid=145959744 }}</ref>). This name references the derived morphology of this taxon compared to other members of the clade. The ], ''lamadongensis'', refers to Lamadong, a town near the ].<ref name="Neobohaiornis "/> | ||
| == Description == | |||
| As most of the compound bones are fused in the holotype specimen, this individual was likely fully grown. With a humerus length of {{convert|25|mm|in}}, ''Neobohaiornis'' likely had a body mass around {{convert|47|g|lb}}. In comparison, the closely related '']'' may have weighed closer to {{convert|162.46|g|lb}}, and all other bohaiornithids are estimated at more than {{convert|100|g|lb}}. As such, ''Neobohaiornis'' is the smallest known member of the clade. In comparison to other bohaiornithids, ''Neobohaiornis'' demonstrates a reduced ] and more ] (more than seven).<ref name="Neobohaiornis "/> | |||
| === Plumage === | |||
| The holotype specimen of ''Neobohaiornis'' preserved numerous feather traces. The longer raised feathers seen over the head likely did not form a ], although they superficially resemble this structure. Instead, Shen et al. interpret this as an artifact of post-mortem ] distortion. The ] of the wings are about twice the length of the humerus and their distal margins are rounded. Two long steamer-like feathers are present at the end of the tail, which would have trailed behind a small fan of ] tail feathers.<ref name="Neobohaiornis "/> | |||
| == References == | == References == | ||
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| {{Taxonbar|from=Q131582597}} | {{Taxonbar|from=Q131582597}} | ||
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Revision as of 06:43, 30 December 2024
Extinct genus of enantiornithean birds
| Neobohaiornis Temporal range: Lower Cretaceous (Aptian), ~119 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ | |
|---|---|
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| Holotype specimen and interpretive drawing | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Clade: | Dinosauria |
| Clade: | Saurischia |
| Clade: | Theropoda |
| Clade: | Avialae |
| Clade: | †Enantiornithes |
| Family: | †Bohaiornithidae |
| Genus: | †Neobohaiornis Shen et al., 2024 |
| Species: | †N. lamadongensis |
| Binomial name | |
| †Neobohaiornis lamadongensis Shen et al., 2024 | |
Neobohaiornis is an extinct genus of bohaiornithid enantiornithean birds from the Early Cretaceous (Aptian-aged) Jiufotang Formation of Liaoning Province, China. The genus contains a single species, N. lamadongensis, known from a well-preserved skeleton with feather impressions.
Discovery and naming
The Neobohaiornis holotype specimen, MHGU-0288, was discovered in sediments of the Jiufotang Formation near Lamadong in Jianchang County of Liaoning Province, northeastern China. The specimen is a nearly complete skeleton preserved in dorsal view. Feather traces are visible around much of the skeleton.
In 2024, Shen et al. described Neobohaiornis lamadongensis as a new genus and species of bohaiornithid birds based on these fossil remains. The generic name, Neobohaiornis, combines the Greek prefix "neo-", meaning "new" with an allusion to the Bohaiornithidae (in turn derived from the Bohai Sea and the Greek word ornis, meaning "bird"). This name references the derived morphology of this taxon compared to other members of the clade. The specific name, lamadongensis, refers to Lamadong, a town near the type locality.
Description
As most of the compound bones are fused in the holotype specimen, this individual was likely fully grown. With a humerus length of 25 millimetres (0.98 in), Neobohaiornis likely had a body mass around 47 grams (0.104 lb). In comparison, the closely related Bohaiornis may have weighed closer to 162.46 grams (0.3582 lb), and all other bohaiornithids are estimated at more than 100 grams (0.22 lb). As such, Neobohaiornis is the smallest known member of the clade. In comparison to other bohaiornithids, Neobohaiornis demonstrates a reduced alular digit and more sacral vertebrae (more than seven).
Plumage
The holotype specimen of Neobohaiornis preserved numerous feather traces. The longer raised feathers seen over the head likely did not form a crest, although they superficially resemble this structure. Instead, Shen et al. interpret this as an artifact of post-mortem taphonomic distortion. The primary feathers of the wings are about twice the length of the humerus and their distal margins are rounded. Two long steamer-like feathers are present at the end of the tail, which would have trailed behind a small fan of rectricial tail feathers.
References
- ^ Shen, Caizhi; Clark, Alexander D.; Fang, Hui; Chen, Shaokun; Jiang, Hongxia; Ji, Qiang; O’Connor, Jingmai K. (2024-12-28). "A new diminutive species of bohaiornithid enantiornithine (Aves: Ornithothoraces) from the Lower Cretaceous Jehol Group, northern China". Scientific Reports. 14 (1): 31363. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-82869-8. ISSN 2045-2322.
- Hu, Dongyu; Li, Li; Hou, Lianhaim; Xu, Xing (2011). "A new enantiornithine bird from the Lower Cretaceous of western Liaoning, China". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (1): 154–161. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.546305. S2CID 145959744.
