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			{{Infobox Politician
	Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Misplaced Pages article at ]; see its history for attribution.
			\| name = Joseph Rossé
			\| image = Joseph Rossé.png
			\| caption = Joseph Rossé in 1929
			\| office1 = ] for ]
			\| term_start1 = June 1, 1932
			\| term_end1 = May 31, 1942
			\| predecessor1 = ]
			\| successor1 = Constituency abolished
			\| constituency1 = ]
			\| term_start2 = June 1, 1928
			\| term_end2 = November 8, 1928
			\| predecessor2 = New constituency
			\| successor2 = ]
			\| constituency2 = ]
			\| birth_date = August 26, 1892
			\| birth_place = ], ], ]
			\| death_date = October 24, 1951
			\| death_place = ], ], ]
			\| party = ]
			}}

			'''Joseph Rossé''' (August 26, 1892 – October 24, 1951) was an ] ] and ], notable for his engagement in the ] and his controversial role during and after the ].

			== Early life and education ==
			Rossé was born in ], then part of ] under German rule. Raised in a Catholic family, he became trilingual in French, German, and Alsatian. After the region returned to France following ], he became a teacher at the ] in ].

			Rossé experienced professional discrimination compared to his colleagues from mainland France, particularly in salary discrepancies. This fueled his involvement in ] and later in the regionalist movement, advocating for the preservation of Alsace's linguistic and religious traditions.

			== Political career ==
			In 1928, Rossé was elected as a deputy for ], representing the ]. That same year, he was implicated in the ''Komplottprozess'' in ], where he and other regionalists were accused of conspiring against the French state. Rossé was convicted of "plotting against state security" and briefly imprisoned before being pardoned.

			Despite these setbacks, Rossé was re-elected in 1932 and again in 1936, serving as part of the ] and later the ] parliamentary groups. He was a staunch pacifist and supported the ] in 1938.

			== World War II and controversy ==
			At the outbreak of ], Rossé was arrested on charges of collaboration with ]. In 1940, after the German invasion, he and other detainees were freed by German forces. He subsequently signed the "Manifesto of the Trois-Épis," which advocated for Alsace's annexation to Germany, though he did so under duress.

			Rossé later managed the publishing house ''ALSATIA'', where he clandestinely published Catholic and anti-Nazi literature. He also maintained connections with the ], including ].

			== Post-war trial and imprisonment ==
			Following the liberation of France, Rossé was arrested and tried for collaboration. In 1947, he was sentenced to 15 years of forced labor. He died in 1951 while imprisoned in ].

			== Legacy ==
			Rossé's role during the war remains controversial. While some view him as a victim of his circumstances, others criticize his perceived collaboration. In 2016, a group in ] began efforts to rehabilitate his memory.

			== Further reading ==
			* ], "Joseph Rossé," in ''Nouveau dictionnaire de biographie alsacienne'', vol. 32.
			* Michel Krempper, ''Joseph Rossé 1892-1951, Alsacien interdit de mémoire''. Yoran, 2016.

			== References ==
			{{reflist}}

			{{DEFAULTSORT:Rossé, Joseph}}
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Revision as of 10:25, 30 December 2024

Joseph Rossé
Joseph Rossé in 1929

Deputy for Haut-Rhin
In office June 1, 1932 – May 31, 1942
Preceded by	René Hauss
Succeeded by	Constituency abolished
Constituency	Haut-Rhin
In office June 1, 1928 – November 8, 1928
Preceded by	New constituency
Succeeded by	René Hauss
Constituency	Haut-Rhin

Personal details
Born	August 26, 1892 Montreux-Vieux, Haut-Rhin, Alsace-Lorraine
Died	October 24, 1951 Villeneuve-sur-Lot, Lot-et-Garonne, France
Political party	Union populaire républicaine

Joseph Rossé (August 26, 1892 – October 24, 1951) was an Alsatian politician and autonomist, notable for his engagement in the Union Populaire Républicaine and his controversial role during and after the Second World War.

Early life and education

Rossé was born in Montreux-Vieux, then part of Alsace-Lorraine under German rule. Raised in a Catholic family, he became trilingual in French, German, and Alsatian. After the region returned to France following World War I, he became a teacher at the École primaire supérieure in Colmar.

Rossé experienced professional discrimination compared to his colleagues from mainland France, particularly in salary discrepancies. This fueled his involvement in trade unionism and later in the regionalist movement, advocating for the preservation of Alsace's linguistic and religious traditions.

Political career

In 1928, Rossé was elected as a deputy for Haut-Rhin, representing the Union Populaire Républicaine. That same year, he was implicated in the Komplottprozess in Colmar, where he and other regionalists were accused of conspiring against the French state. Rossé was convicted of "plotting against state security" and briefly imprisoned before being pardoned.

Despite these setbacks, Rossé was re-elected in 1932 and again in 1936, serving as part of the Républicains du centre and later the Indépendants d'action populaire parliamentary groups. He was a staunch pacifist and supported the Munich Agreement in 1938.

World War II and controversy

At the outbreak of World War II, Rossé was arrested on charges of collaboration with Nazi Germany. In 1940, after the German invasion, he and other detainees were freed by German forces. He subsequently signed the "Manifesto of the Trois-Épis," which advocated for Alsace's annexation to Germany, though he did so under duress.

Rossé later managed the publishing house ALSATIA, where he clandestinely published Catholic and anti-Nazi literature. He also maintained connections with the German resistance, including Claus von Stauffenberg.

Post-war trial and imprisonment

Following the liberation of France, Rossé was arrested and tried for collaboration. In 1947, he was sentenced to 15 years of forced labor. He died in 1951 while imprisoned in Villeneuve-sur-Lot.

Legacy

Rossé's role during the war remains controversial. While some view him as a victim of his circumstances, others criticize his perceived collaboration. In 2016, a group in Colmar began efforts to rehabilitate his memory.

References

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