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| {{Infobox television channel | {{Infobox television channel | ||
| | name = Canal 6 | | name = Canal 6 | ||
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| '''Canal 6''' —formally '''Corporación de Televisión de la Universidad de Chile'''— was the temporary station owned by the ] from June to November 1973, due to the takeover of the original station (]) by workers who supported ].<ref name="uchiles">{{cite web |url=http://repositorio.uchile.cl/bitstream/handle/2250/134710/El_Canal_de_la_Chile_Historia_y_desarrollo.pdf |title=El canal de la Chile: historia y desarrollo de la Corporación de Televisión de la Universidad de Chile entre los años 1960-1993 |access-date=5 December 2015 |format=PDF |publisher=Universidad de Chile |date=May |
'''Canal 6''' —formally '''Corporación de Televisión de la Universidad de Chile'''— was the temporary station owned by the ] from June to November 1973, due to the takeover of the original station (]) by workers who supported ].<ref name="uchiles">{{cite web |url=http://repositorio.uchile.cl/bitstream/handle/2250/134710/El_Canal_de_la_Chile_Historia_y_desarrollo.pdf |title=El canal de la Chile: historia y desarrollo de la Corporación de Televisión de la Universidad de Chile entre los años 1960-1993 |access-date=5 December 2015 |format=PDF |publisher=Universidad de Chile |date=May 2012 |first1=Liencura Melillán |last1=Jaime Rodrigo |first2=Thiers Huerta |last2=Raúl Nicolás |location=Santiago de Chile |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423065853/https://repositorio.uchile.cl/bitstream/handle/2250/134710/El_Canal_de_la_Chile_Historia_y_desarrollo.pdf |archive-date=23 April 2023 }}</ref> | ||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
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| In October 1972, the Superior Council of the University of Chile called for a public contest to replace all positions in the Press Department of Channel 9, a fact that increased the existing struggle between the Board of Directors of the Television Corporation and the channel's Union; In the words of Juan Ángel Torti, they sought to "change almost all of the journalists on Channel 9 who were left-wing" and the Workers' Assembly of the television station denounced said contest as a "political maneuver" and used Channel 9 as "yet another organ of the Chilean reaction".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://culturadigital.udp.cl/dev/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/LN_1972_10_16.pdf |title=Derecha unida intenta apropiarse de Canal 9 |work=La Nación |date=16 October 1972 |access-date=15 November 2023 |format=PDF |page=5 }}</ref> | In October 1972, the Superior Council of the University of Chile called for a public contest to replace all positions in the Press Department of Channel 9, a fact that increased the existing struggle between the Board of Directors of the Television Corporation and the channel's Union; In the words of Juan Ángel Torti, they sought to "change almost all of the journalists on Channel 9 who were left-wing" and the Workers' Assembly of the television station denounced said contest as a "political maneuver" and used Channel 9 as "yet another organ of the Chilean reaction".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://culturadigital.udp.cl/dev/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/LN_1972_10_16.pdf |title=Derecha unida intenta apropiarse de Canal 9 |work=La Nación |date=16 October 1972 |access-date=15 November 2023 |format=PDF |page=5 }}</ref> | ||
| On January 2, 1973, the journalists who had won the contest began their work, however the Channel 9 workers prevented them from entering the facilities. The conflict continued, which led to the television station being taken over and under the direct control of its workers between January 19 and September 8, 1973. The then head of the ''Channel Defense Committee'' was Augusto Carmona, also elected by his colleagues from ''Nuevediario'' as press chief, which generated a new struggle with the University.<ref name="hurtado">{{cite web|url=http://www.memoriachilena.cl/temas/documento_detalle.asp?id=MC0039724|title=Historia de la televisión en Chile (1958-1973)|author=Hurtado, María de la Luz|publisher=Documentas/Ceneca| |
On January 2, 1973, the journalists who had won the contest began their work, however the Channel 9 workers prevented them from entering the facilities. The conflict continued, which led to the television station being taken over and under the direct control of its workers between January 19 and September 8, 1973. The then head of the ''Channel Defense Committee'' was Augusto Carmona, also elected by his colleagues from ''Nuevediario'' as press chief, which generated a new struggle with the University.<ref name="hurtado">{{cite web|url=http://www.memoriachilena.cl/temas/documento_detalle.asp?id=MC0039724|title=Historia de la televisión en Chile (1958-1973)|author=Hurtado, María de la Luz|publisher=Documentas/Ceneca|date=1989|access-date=16 February 2010|format=PDF}}</ref> On March 5, 1973, the ] declared the call for competition illegal, since it was not made by the Corporation but by the Superior Council of the University.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://culturadigital.udp.cl/dev/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/LN_1973_03_09.pdf |title=Contraloría rechazó concurso de Canal 9 |work=La Nación |date=9 March 1973 |access-date=15 November 2023 |format=PDF |page=1 }}</ref> | ||
| ===Founding and trespassing=== | ===Founding and trespassing=== | ||
| As a result of the takeover of the television station, the group of workers who supported Rector Boeninger began to meet in the offices of the University of Chile located at Amunátegui 73, preparing the programming that would be aired once the studios at Ines Matte Urrejola 0825 were recovered. At the same time, different programs began to be recorded in the ] studios.<ref>{{cite news |title=Programación de Canal Nueve al recuperar sus estudios |newspaper=] |date=13 April 1973 |page=10 }}</ref> | As a result of the takeover of the television station, the group of workers who supported Rector Boeninger began to meet in the offices of the University of Chile located at Amunátegui 73, preparing the programming that would be aired once the studios at Ines Matte Urrejola 0825 were recovered. At the same time, different programs began to be recorded in the ] studios.<ref>{{cite news |title=Programación de Canal Nueve al recuperar sus estudios |newspaper=] |date=13 April 1973 |page=10 }}</ref> | ||
| In April 1973, the written press reported that the launch of "Teleonce" was planned for the following month, a new channel of the University of Chile that would broadcast on frequency 11 to replace Channel 9, which was still in use.<ref>{{cite news|date=2 April 1973 |first=Yolanda |last=Montecinos |page=25 |title="Teleonce", nuevo canal de la "U" de Chile |work=Las Últimas Noticias}}<!-- auto-translated from Spanish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> In response to this, the Superintendency of Electrical, Gas and Telecommunications Services (Segtel) denounced that the airing of Channel 11 would be illegal,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://culturadigital.udp.cl/dev/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/LN_1973_04_06.pdf |title=TV-11 también sería canal pirata | |
In April 1973, the written press reported that the launch of "Teleonce" was planned for the following month, a new channel of the University of Chile that would broadcast on frequency 11 to replace Channel 9, which was still in use.<ref>{{cite news|date=2 April 1973 |first=Yolanda |last=Montecinos |page=25 |title="Teleonce", nuevo canal de la "U" de Chile |work=Las Últimas Noticias}}<!-- auto-translated from Spanish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> In response to this, the Superintendency of Electrical, Gas and Telecommunications Services (Segtel) denounced that the airing of Channel 11 would be illegal,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://culturadigital.udp.cl/dev/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/LN_1973_04_06.pdf |title=TV-11 también sería canal pirata |work=La Nación |format=PDF |date=6 April 1973 |access-date=15 November 2023 |page=2 }}</ref> and on April 6, it authorized experimental transmissions for six months of a channel of the ] (UTE) that ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://culturadigital.udp.cl/dev/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/LN_1973_04_08.pdf |title=UTE TV 11 |work=La Nación |date=8 April 1973 |access-date=15 November 2023 |format=PDF |page=15 }}</ref> The authorities of the University of Chile denounced that this measure was illegal, since the legislation exclusively authorized the universities ], ] and ] —in addition to ]— to operate television channels,<ref>{{cite news |title=Entregan a la UTE Canal 11 de TV |work=La Segunda |date=9 April 1973 |page=2 }}</ref> which was reaffirmed by the National Television Council on April 18.<ref>{{cite news|title=Es ilegal TV de la U. Técnica |work=La Segunda |date=19 April 1973 |page=5 }}</ref> | ||
| On June 16, 1973, the University of Chile announced that it was no longer transmitting on channel 9 and created ''Canal 6'', starting its broadcasts regularly the next day at 8:05 |
On June 16, 1973, the University of Chile announced that it was no longer transmitting on channel 9 and created ''Canal 6'', starting its broadcasts regularly the next day at 8:05 p.m. The choice of frequency 6 had symbolism for the university, since it corresponded to "an inverted 9" in the words of its directors.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cepchile.cl/cep/site/docs/20160304/20160304094752/cap6_libro_MilDiasAllende.pdf |title=Canal 6 sostiene: Somos ejecutores de un derecho y no nos gustan las mordazas |work=] |date=18 June 1973 |access-date=3 March 2020}}</ref> Its transmitter was of limited power (1.5 kW) so the channel's broadcasts only covered the eastern sector of the Chilean capital, although it was expected that in the future they could reach up to ] or ].<ref name="diputados">{{cite web |url= http://www.bcn.cl/obtienearchivo?id=recursoslegales/10221.3/44683/6/Acusaci%C3%B3nConstitucionalGerardoEspinoza.pdf |title=Acusación Constitucional contra Gerardo Espinoza |author=] |website=Historia Política Legislativa |access-date=11 December 2023 |format=PDF }}</ref> | ||
| The ] government would label the launch of Channel 6 as illegal. In the early hours of June 19, the studios of Channel 6—located at Avenida Pedro de Valdivia 2454, ]—were raided by the ] and some equipment was seized, but the station still restarted its transmissions on frequency 6 on July 7.<ref name="diputados"/> The assault on the headquarters of Channel 6 motivated the deputies opposed to the Popular Unity to present a constitutional accusation against the Minister of the Interior, ], which was approved by the ] on July 19, 1973, being removed from office.<ref name="diputados"/> | The ] government would label the launch of Channel 6 as illegal. In the early hours of June 19, the studios of Channel 6—located at Avenida Pedro de Valdivia 2454, ]—were raided by the ] and some equipment was seized, but the station still restarted its transmissions on frequency 6 on July 7.<ref name="diputados"/> The assault on the headquarters of Channel 6 motivated the deputies opposed to the Popular Unity to present a constitutional accusation against the Minister of the Interior, ], which was approved by the ] on July 19, 1973, being removed from office.<ref name="diputados"/> | ||
Revision as of 20:48, 30 December 2024
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.png) | |
| Country | Chile |
|---|---|
| Programming | |
| Language(s) | Spanish |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | University of Chile |
| History | |
| Launched | 17 June 1973; 51 years ago (1973-06-17) |
| Closed | 18 November 1973; 51 years ago (1973-11-18) |
| Availability | |
| Terrestrial | |
| Santiago | Channel 9 |
Canal 6 —formally Corporación de Televisión de la Universidad de Chile— was the temporary station owned by the University of Chile from June to November 1973, due to the takeover of the original station (Canal 9) by workers who supported Popular Unity.
History
Background
In October 1972, the Superior Council of the University of Chile called for a public contest to replace all positions in the Press Department of Channel 9, a fact that increased the existing struggle between the Board of Directors of the Television Corporation and the channel's Union; In the words of Juan Ángel Torti, they sought to "change almost all of the journalists on Channel 9 who were left-wing" and the Workers' Assembly of the television station denounced said contest as a "political maneuver" and used Channel 9 as "yet another organ of the Chilean reaction".
On January 2, 1973, the journalists who had won the contest began their work, however the Channel 9 workers prevented them from entering the facilities. The conflict continued, which led to the television station being taken over and under the direct control of its workers between January 19 and September 8, 1973. The then head of the Channel Defense Committee was Augusto Carmona, also elected by his colleagues from Nuevediario as press chief, which generated a new struggle with the University. On March 5, 1973, the Comptroller General of Chile declared the call for competition illegal, since it was not made by the Corporation but by the Superior Council of the University.
Founding and trespassing
As a result of the takeover of the television station, the group of workers who supported Rector Boeninger began to meet in the offices of the University of Chile located at Amunátegui 73, preparing the programming that would be aired once the studios at Ines Matte Urrejola 0825 were recovered. At the same time, different programs began to be recorded in the Protab studios.
In April 1973, the written press reported that the launch of "Teleonce" was planned for the following month, a new channel of the University of Chile that would broadcast on frequency 11 to replace Channel 9, which was still in use. In response to this, the Superintendency of Electrical, Gas and Telecommunications Services (Segtel) denounced that the airing of Channel 11 would be illegal, and on April 6, it authorized experimental transmissions for six months of a channel of the State Technical University (UTE) that would occupy said frequency (11). The authorities of the University of Chile denounced that this measure was illegal, since the legislation exclusively authorized the universities de Chile, Catholic of Chile and Catholic of Valparaíso —in addition to Televisión Nacional de Chile— to operate television channels, which was reaffirmed by the National Television Council on April 18.
On June 16, 1973, the University of Chile announced that it was no longer transmitting on channel 9 and created Canal 6, starting its broadcasts regularly the next day at 8:05 p.m. The choice of frequency 6 had symbolism for the university, since it corresponded to "an inverted 9" in the words of its directors. Its transmitter was of limited power (1.5 kW) so the channel's broadcasts only covered the eastern sector of the Chilean capital, although it was expected that in the future they could reach up to Curicó or Talca.
The Popular Unity government would label the launch of Channel 6 as illegal. In the early hours of June 19, the studios of Channel 6—located at Avenida Pedro de Valdivia 2454, Providencia—were raided by the Investigations Police and some equipment was seized, but the station still restarted its transmissions on frequency 6 on July 7. The assault on the headquarters of Channel 6 motivated the deputies opposed to the Popular Unity to present a constitutional accusation against the Minister of the Interior, Gerardo Espinoza Carrillo, which was approved by the Senate on July 19, 1973, being removed from office.
Part of its own programming was carried out from the 2 studios owned by the Channel 6 headquarters (equipped with 3 television cameras), while the rest was produced in the Protab studios. At 4:15 in the morning on August 11, a bomb was thrown by unknown persons that detonated in the front garden of the channel, without causing damage to the infrastructure. On August 23, the channel reported that elements from its retransmission plant in Agua Santa (Valparaíso) were stolen.
Return to channel 9
On September 8, 1973, a contingent of carabineers entered the studios of Channel 9 by order of the mayor of the province of Santiago, Julio Stuardo, and the next day the University of Chile recovered frequency 9 as a result of an agreement between the State Technical University (UTE), the Corporation and the channel's unions. The University of Chile would have to choose which channel (and, therefore, which personnel) it would stay with—with 6 or 9—and the UTE would be in charge of the other frequency. However, the fall of Salvador Allende frustrated the UTE's plans to have its own television channel, since the Military Board did not recognize the agreement reached between the universities.
After the military coup of September 11, 1973, Channel 6 was off the air, resuming its broadcasts on September 15 and broadcasting only the official news prepared by Canal 13 and foreign material. On the 17th of the same month, the university authorities were able to enter the premises of the unoccupied Channel 9 to verify damage and see if it was possible to restart its broadcasts through said frequency; That same day the broadcast of the news program TeleU restarted at 9:30pm. The return to channel 9 was held on November 18.
References
- ^ Jaime Rodrigo, Liencura Melillán; Raúl Nicolás, Thiers Huerta (May 2012). "El canal de la Chile: historia y desarrollo de la Corporación de Televisión de la Universidad de Chile entre los años 1960-1993" (PDF). Santiago de Chile: Universidad de Chile. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 April 2023. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
- "Derecha unida intenta apropiarse de Canal 9" (PDF). La Nación. 16 October 1972. p. 5. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- Hurtado, María de la Luz (1989). "Historia de la televisión en Chile (1958-1973)" (PDF). Documentas/Ceneca. Retrieved 16 February 2010.
- "Contraloría rechazó concurso de Canal 9" (PDF). La Nación. 9 March 1973. p. 1. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- "Programación de Canal Nueve al recuperar sus estudios". Las Últimas Noticias. 13 April 1973. p. 10.
- Montecinos, Yolanda (2 April 1973). ""Teleonce", nuevo canal de la "U" de Chile". Las Últimas Noticias. p. 25.
- "TV-11 también sería canal pirata" (PDF). La Nación. 6 April 1973. p. 2. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- "UTE TV 11" (PDF). La Nación. 8 April 1973. p. 15. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- "Entregan a la UTE Canal 11 de TV". La Segunda. 9 April 1973. p. 2.
- "Es ilegal TV de la U. Técnica". La Segunda. 19 April 1973. p. 5.
- "Canal 6 sostiene: Somos ejecutores de un derecho y no nos gustan las mordazas" (PDF). La Prensa de Santiago. 18 June 1973. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
- ^ Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile. "Acusación Constitucional contra Gerardo Espinoza" (PDF). Historia Política Legislativa. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
- "Actualidades". El Mercurio. 1 July 1973.
- "Lanzada bomba a Canal 6" (PDF). El Mercurio. 12 August 1973. p. 1. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
- "Denuncian robo de equipos al Canal 6" (PDF). El Mercurio. 24 August 1973. p. 18. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
- "Fin de emisiones de Canal 9" (PDF). El Mercurio. 9 September 1973. p. 5. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
- "La U' Tomó Posesión Del Canal Nueve de TV" (PDF). El Mercurio. 18 September 1973. p. 15. Retrieved 5 May 2024.