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== Distribution == == Distribution ==
''Bartonia paniculata'' is the northernmost-ranging species in the '']'' species.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Mathews |first=Katherine G. |last2=Dunne |first2=Niall |last3=York |first3=Emily |last4=Struwe |first4=Lena |date=2009-03-01 |title=A Phylogenetic Analysis and Taxonomic Revision of Bartonia (Gentianaceae: Gentianeae), Based on Molecular and Morphological Evidence |url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/10.1600/036364409787602320 |journal=Systematic Botany |language=en |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=162–172 |doi=10.1600/036364409787602320 |issn=0363-6445}}</ref> It is found along the ]; its widespread range crosses 29 American states and 5 Canadian provinces, and overlaps with that of ].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hill |first=Steven |date=28 January 2003 |title=Conservation assessment for twining screwstem (Bartonia paniculata (Michx.) Muhl.). |url=https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/items/10353/bitstreams/37879/object |journal=Center for Biodiversity Technical Report 2003 |volume=7}}</ref> The subspecies ''texana'' is found in eastern Texas and northeastern Louisiana; it was previously identified as ''Bartonia texana''.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Bartonia paniculata (Michx.) Muhl. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1119316-2#children |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=Plants of the World Online |language=en}}</ref> ''Bartonia paniculata'' is the northernmost-ranging species in the '']'' species.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Mathews |first=Katherine G. |last2=Dunne |first2=Niall |last3=York |first3=Emily |last4=Struwe |first4=Lena |date=2009-03-01 |title=A Phylogenetic Analysis and Taxonomic Revision of Bartonia (Gentianaceae: Gentianeae), Based on Molecular and Morphological Evidence |url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/10.1600/036364409787602320 |journal=Systematic Botany |language=en |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=162–172 |doi=10.1600/036364409787602320 |issn=0363-6445}}</ref> It is found along the ]; its widespread range crosses 29 American states and 5 Canadian provinces, and overlaps with that of '']''.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hill |first=Steven |date=28 January 2003 |title=Conservation assessment for twining screwstem (Bartonia paniculata (Michx.) Muhl.). |url=https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/items/10353/bitstreams/37879/object |journal=Center for Biodiversity Technical Report 2003 |volume=7}}</ref> The subspecies ''texana'' is found in eastern Texas and northeastern Louisiana; it was previously identified as ''Bartonia texana''.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Bartonia paniculata (Michx.) Muhl. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1119316-2#children |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=Plants of the World Online |language=en}}</ref>


==Conservation== ==Conservation==

Revision as of 05:38, 9 January 2025

Species of plant

Bartonia paniculata
Conservation status

Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Gentianaceae
Genus: Bartonia
Species: B. paniculata
Binomial name
Bartonia paniculata
(Michx.) Muhl.
Subspecies
  • B. paniculata ssp. iodandra
  • B. paniculata ssp. paniculata
  • B paniculata ssp. texana

Bartonia paniculata, commonly known as Twining screwstem, is a saprophytic, annual or biennial species that grows in acidic, sandy-peaty wetlands.

Distribution

Bartonia paniculata is the northernmost-ranging species in the Bartonia species. It is found along the Atlantic coastal plain; its widespread range crosses 29 American states and 5 Canadian provinces, and overlaps with that of Bartonia virginica. The subspecies texana is found in eastern Texas and northeastern Louisiana; it was previously identified as Bartonia texana.

Conservation

Twining screwstem is legally protected in the state of Michigan as a threatened species.

Populations of the subspecies texana have declined by 50% over the past 57 years. It is found within the baygalls of the coastal plain forests of southeastern Texas. As the baygalls have become rarer as a plant community, the texana subpopulation has also declined.

References

  1. ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 2025-01-08.
  2. ^ "Bartonia paniculata (Michx.) Muhl. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2025-01-08.
  3. ^ Mathews, Katherine G.; Dunne, Niall; York, Emily; Struwe, Lena (2009-03-01). "A Phylogenetic Analysis and Taxonomic Revision of Bartonia (Gentianaceae: Gentianeae), Based on Molecular and Morphological Evidence". Systematic Botany. 34 (1): 162–172. doi:10.1600/036364409787602320. ISSN 0363-6445.
  4. Hill, Steven (28 January 2003). "Conservation assessment for twining screwstem (Bartonia paniculata (Michx.) Muhl.)". Center for Biodiversity Technical Report 2003. 7.
  5. "Bartonia paniculata (Panicled screwstem) - Michigan Natural Features Inventory". mnfi.anr.msu.edu. Retrieved 2025-01-08.
  6. ^ Chahal, Sharandeep S. (December 2023). Ecology of rare North American plant species Bartonia paniculata subsp. texana and Platanthera cooperi (Thesis). Texas Tech University. Retrieved 8 January 2025.
Taxon identifiers
Bartonia paniculata
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