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{{Islam}}The '''Deobandi''' (]: دیو بندی ''devbandī'') is a ] ]ic revivalist movement which started in ] and has more recently spread to other countries, such as ], ] and the ]. Deobandis follow the ] of ] and are regarded as a part of the ]. They follow ]'s thought in ] and ] i.e refuting criticism of Islam made using ]. Deobandi proport to be characterised by a strict adherence to the ] and an emphasis on ]. The name derives from ], ], where the ] ] is situated. {{Sunni Islam}}The '''Deobandi''' (]: دیو بندی ''devbandī'') is a ] ]ic revivalist movement which started in ] and has more recently spread to other countries, such as ], ] and the ]. Deobandis follow the ] of ] and are regarded as a part of the ]. They follow ]'s thought in ] and ] i.e refuting criticism of Islam made using ]. Deobandi proport to be characterised by a strict adherence to the ] and an emphasis on ]. The Deobandis are associated with the ] ]s of the ], the ], ] and Suhrawardiyyah. The name derives from ], ], where the ] ] is situated.


==Tenets== ==Tenets==
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===Opposition by Barelwis=== ===Opposition by Barelwis===
The ]s oppose Deobandis for their opposition to several practices which are common in the Indian subcontinent, like the celebration of ],Meraj un Nabi. Deobandis claim these practices were never practised by the ] and are considered to be ].The differences are broad and wider on the personality of Prophet of Islam S.A.was Barelwi considers that Nabi Kareem S.A.W has power of unseen and he is Hazir o nazir, he is noor and he helps Muslims in all matters where as deobandis denies these Points. The ]s oppose Deobandis for their opposition to several practices which are common in the Indian subcontinent, like the celebration of ]. Deobandis claim these practices were never practised by the ] and are considered to be ]. Some Barelvis make ] on Deobandis and also accuse them of being ]s. This rivalry and antagonism increased during British rule in India, when Ahmad Raza Khan was passing pro-British ]s discouraging people from fighting the British, while the ]s linked to Darul Uloom Deoband where passing fatwas in support of fighting the British. However this rivalry and antagonism has declined in recent decades, and members of both groups generally consider one another to be within Sunni Islam.<ref>http://www.sunnitorrents.com/viewtopic.php?t=4964&sid=c855de10aaccf5063e57106fbe1fad77</ref>
Some Barelvis make ] on Deobandis and also accuse them of being ]. .<ref>http://www.sunnitorrents.com/viewtopic.php?t=4964&sid=c855de10aaccf5063e57106fbe1fad77</ref>


===Present=== ===Present===

Revision as of 20:15, 27 September 2007

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The Deobandi (Urdu: دیو بندی devbandī) is a Sunni Islamic revivalist movement which started in South Asia and has more recently spread to other countries, such as Afghanistan, South Africa and the United Kingdom. Deobandis follow the fiqh of Abu Hanifa and are regarded as a part of the Ahlus Sunnah wal-Jamaa'h. They follow Abu Mansur Maturidi's thought in Aqeedah and Ilm ul Kalaam i.e refuting criticism of Islam made using Greek logic. Deobandi proport to be characterised by a strict adherence to the Sunnah and an emphasis on Sharia. The Deobandis are associated with the Sufi Tariqahs of the Naqshbandi, the Chishti Order, Qadiriyyah and Suhrawardiyyah. The name derives from Deoband, India, where the madrassa Darul Uloom Deoband is situated.

Tenets

Deobandi thought has five main principles, which are:

  1. Tawhid: (Monotheism) of God; no one shares His attributes.
  2. Sunna: Following the methodology of Muhammad.
  3. Ħubbus-Sahaba: Following the methodology of companions of Muhammad.
  4. Taqlid wal-Ittibā: Giving preference to the jurisprudence of one of the earliest jurists of Islam over that of later jurists.
  5. Jihād fī Sabīlil-Lāh: Doing Jihād

History

The Deobandi movement developed as a reaction to the British colonialism in India, whom they believed to be corrupting Islam. Fearing this, a group of Indians Ulama led by Maulana Qasim Nanautavi founded an Islamic seminary known as Darul Uloom Waqf Deoband. The Urdu word "Waqf" refers to a social trust. It is here that the Islamic revivalist and anti-British ideology of the Deobandis began to develop. Gradually, their influence, through organisations such as Jamiat Ulema-e Hind and Tableeghi Jamaat, began to spread and hundreds of Madrassas and Darul Ulooms affiliated to Deoband sprouted. Notable Deobandi seminaries include Nadwatu l-Ulama in Lucknow and Darul Uloom Karachi Karachi, Pakistan.

Some of the early Deobandi scholars included Maulana Qasim Nanotwi, Maulana Rasheed Ahmad Gangohi, Maulana Husain Ahmed Madani, Mawlana Ashraf Ali Thanawi, Allama Anwar Shah Kashmiri, Mufti Kifayat Ullah Dahlavi, Maulana Ilyas Khandhelawi and Mawlana Ubaidullah Sindhi, Maulana Muḥammad Zakarīyā al-Kandahlawī, as well as Maulana Rahmatullah Kairanvi, the famous polemicist who emigrated to Arabia after the 1857 war, who was also associated with Deoband.

Opposition by Barelwis

The Barelwis oppose Deobandis for their opposition to several practices which are common in the Indian subcontinent, like the celebration of Mawlid an-Nabi. Deobandis claim these practices were never practised by the Sahaba and are considered to be bid'ah. Some Barelvis make takfir on Deobandis and also accuse them of being Wahhabis. This rivalry and antagonism increased during British rule in India, when Ahmad Raza Khan was passing pro-British Fatwas discouraging people from fighting the British, while the Muslim scholars linked to Darul Uloom Deoband where passing fatwas in support of fighting the British. However this rivalry and antagonism has declined in recent decades, and members of both groups generally consider one another to be within Sunni Islam.

Present

Prominent Deobandi scholars today include Maulana Saalim Qasmi, Mufti Taqi Uthmani, Mufti Ebrahim Desai, Grand Mufti Muhammad Rafi Usmani of Pakistan, and Maulana Tariq Jamil.

The Taliban

The Taliban are said to follow the teachings of the Deoband school, although some journalists, such as Ahmed Rashid, claim they follow a simplistic version of the school's teachings.

Tablighi Jamaat

Some famous people who propagate Islam by joining the Tablighi Jamaat (a movement started by a student of the Islamic University, Deoband, Maulana Muhammad Ilyas) are Pakistani cricketers Shahid Afridi, Inzamam ul Haq, Mohammad Yousuf (a recent revert/convert), Saqlain Mushtaq and many others. Also, former Pakistani cricketers including Saeed Anwar and Salim Malik. A very famous pop star Junaid Jamshaid is also a visible personality, propagating Islam to the masses amongst many others.

In the United Kingdom

According to The Times, about 600 of Britain's nearly 1,400 mosques are run by Deobandi-affiliated clerics, and 17 of the country's 26 Islamic seminaries follow Deobandi teachings, producing about 80 percent of all domestically trained Muslim clerics.

See also

Notes

  1. http://www.sunnitorrents.com/viewtopic.php?t=4964&sid=c855de10aaccf5063e57106fbe1fad77
  2. Ahmed Rashid Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia (2001)
  3. Times Online September 7, 2007

References

External links

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