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| The '''Keystone Pipeline''' is a proposed crude oil pipeline that will transport crude oil from the ] ] felds in ], to refineries in ] and ], and further to the U.S. Gulf Coast. | |||
| The '''Keystone Pipeline''' is a proposed {{convert|2148|mi|km|0}} pipeline that will transport crude oil from ], ] to ], ]. ] proposed the project on ], ], with an expected completion date of 2009, and subsequent expansions into 2010. The pipeline will have an initial nominal capacity of {{convert|530000|oilbbl/d|m3/d}} from the Alberta oil fields to United States refineries in ] and ], ].<ref name=upstream1>{{cite news | url = http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article150750.ece | title = Canada-US link gets green light | publisher = Upstream Online | date = ] | accessdate = 2008-03-14}}</ref> Nominal capacity will be expanded to {{convert|590000|oilbbl/d|m3/d}} in late 2010. A proposed {{convert|291|mi|km|sing=on}} extension would take the pipeline to its southernmost hub in Cushing, Oklahoma. The cost of the pipeline is estimated at US$5.2 billion.<ref name=upstream2>{{cite news | url = http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article143207.ece | title = Keystone pipe costs hit $5.2bn | publisher = Upstream Online | date = ] | accessdate = 2008-03-14}}</ref> | |||
| ==History== | |||
| ] proposed the project on ], ]. | |||
| ==Route== | |||
| The pipeline will transport crude oil from ], ] to the United States refineries in ] and ].<ref name=upstream1> | |||
| {{cite news | |||
| | url = http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article150750.ece | |||
| | title = Canada-US link gets green light | |||
| | publisher = Upstream Online | |||
| | date = 2008-03-14 | |||
| | accessdate = 2008-03-14}} | |||
| </ref> From Patoka a {{convert|291|mi|km}} long extension would take the pipeline to the oil hub in ].<ref name=upstream2> | |||
| {{cite news | |||
| | url = http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article143207.ece | |||
| | title = Keystone pipe costs hit $5.2bn | |||
| | publisher = Upstream Online | |||
| | date = 2007-10-30 | |||
| | accessdate = 2008-03-14}} | |||
| </ref> From there, the pipeline would be expanded to ]. The pipeline will reach to Illinois in late 2009, to Oklahoma in late 2010, and to Texas in 2012. | |||
| <ref name=downstream2/> | |||
| ==Technical features== | |||
| The pipeline will have a total capacity of {{convert|1100000|oilbbl/d|m3/d}}, which would be expanded later up to {{convert|1500000|oilbbl/d|m3/d}} in late 2010.<ref name=downstream2/> | |||
| The Keystone expansion from the U.S. Midwest to U.S. Gulf Coast includes an approximate 3,200-kilometer (1,980-mile), 36-inch crude oil pipeline starting at Hardisty, Alberta and extending south to a delivery point near existing terminals in Port Arthur, Texas and, subject to shipper support, will include an additional approximate 80-kilometer (50-mile) pipeline lateral to the Houston, Texas area. With the addition of incremental pumping facilities, the Keystone Pipeline system could be further expanded from 1.1 million barrels per day to 1.5 million barrels per day. " | |||
| The whole pipeline is expected to cost US$12.2 billion, and to be completed by 2012.<ref name=downstream2/> | |||
| ==Project company== | |||
| The project is developed by the Keystone Pipeline partnerships (Keystone), which is a partnership between ] and ]. Certain parties who have agreed to make volume commitments to the Keystone expansion have an option to acquire up to a combined 15 percent equity ownership in the partnerships.<ref name=downstream2> | |||
| {{cite news | |||
| | url = http://www.downstreamtoday.com/News/Articles/200807/TransCanada_ConocoPhillips_To_Expand_Ke_11890.aspx | |||
| | title = TransCanada, ConocoPhillips To Expand Keystone To Gulf Coast | |||
| | publisher = Downstream Today | |||
| | date = 2008-07-16 | |||
| | accessdate = 2008-07-18}} | |||
| </ref> | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
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| ] | ] | ||
| {{pipeline-stub}} | |||
| {{alberta-stub}} | |||
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Revision as of 19:49, 18 July 2008
The Keystone Pipeline is a proposed crude oil pipeline that will transport crude oil from the Alberta oil sand felds in Canada, to refineries in Illinois and Oklahoma, and further to the U.S. Gulf Coast.
History
TransCanada proposed the project on February 9, 2005.
Route
The pipeline will transport crude oil from Hardisty, Alberta to the United States refineries in Wood River, Illinois and Patoka, Illinois. From Patoka a 291 miles (468 km) long extension would take the pipeline to the oil hub in Cushing, Oklahoma. From there, the pipeline would be expanded to Port Arthur, Texas. The pipeline will reach to Illinois in late 2009, to Oklahoma in late 2010, and to Texas in 2012.
Technical features
The pipeline will have a total capacity of 1,100,000 barrels per day (170,000 m/d), which would be expanded later up to 1,500,000 barrels per day (240,000 m/d) in late 2010.
The Keystone expansion from the U.S. Midwest to U.S. Gulf Coast includes an approximate 3,200-kilometer (1,980-mile), 36-inch crude oil pipeline starting at Hardisty, Alberta and extending south to a delivery point near existing terminals in Port Arthur, Texas and, subject to shipper support, will include an additional approximate 80-kilometer (50-mile) pipeline lateral to the Houston, Texas area. With the addition of incremental pumping facilities, the Keystone Pipeline system could be further expanded from 1.1 million barrels per day to 1.5 million barrels per day. "
The whole pipeline is expected to cost US$12.2 billion, and to be completed by 2012.
Project company
The project is developed by the Keystone Pipeline partnerships (Keystone), which is a partnership between TransCanada and ConocoPhillips. Certain parties who have agreed to make volume commitments to the Keystone expansion have an option to acquire up to a combined 15 percent equity ownership in the partnerships.
References
- "Canada-US link gets green light". Upstream Online. 2008-03-14. Retrieved 2008-03-14.
- "Keystone pipe costs hit $5.2bn". Upstream Online. 2007-10-30. Retrieved 2008-03-14.
- ^ "TransCanada, ConocoPhillips To Expand Keystone To Gulf Coast". Downstream Today. 2008-07-16. Retrieved 2008-07-18.