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| '''Johann Rudolf Glauber''' ( 1604 (?); ] ]), a ]-] ] and ]. Some historians of science have described him as one of the first ]s<ref>Herman Skolnik ''in'' W. F. Furter (ed) (1982) ''A Century of Chemical Engineering'' ISBN 0-306-40895-3 page 230</ref>. His discovery of ] in 1625 led to the compound being named after him ("Glauber's salt"). | '''Johann Rudolf Glauber''' ( 1604 (?); ] ]), a ]-] ] and ]. Some historians of science have described him as one of the first ]s<ref>Herman Skolnik ''in'' W. F. Furter (ed) (1982) ''A Century of Chemical Engineering'' ISBN 0-306-40895-3 page 230</ref>. His discovery of ] in 1625 led to the compound being named after him ("Glauber's salt"). | ||
| ==Life<ref name=German>This incorporates material from the German Misplaced Pages and the Galileo Project which are referenced to German sources</ref>== | |||
| Born 1604 in ], the son of a ], he was one of a large family and did not finish school, but is thought to have studied pharmacy and visited a number of laboratories. He himself said that he was glad that he had not suffered the grind of high school but had instead learned by experience. He lived in ] (1625), ] (1649-1651), ] (1651-1655), ], ], ], ] and ] (1640-1644, 1646-1649, 1656-death). He worked manufacturing mirrors then as court Apothecary in ]. He built up a business manufacturing drugs (including chemicals such as Glauber's salt. | |||
| Born in ], he received no ] and later he moved to the ] and settled in ] (1655). | |||
| ==Work== | |||
| His work and experiments resulted in discoveries of several analytic methods and he was the first to produce ]. He also established the manufacture of ] in 1648, by heating ] with concentrated ]. | His work and experiments resulted in discoveries of several analytic methods and he was the first to produce ]. He also established the manufacture of ] in 1648, by heating ] with concentrated ]. | ||
| The ] (or Silica Garden) was first observed and described by Glauber in 1646.<ref>Johann Rudolf Glauber, Furni Novi Philosophici. Amsterdam, 1646</ref> In its original form, the Chemical Garden involved the introduction of ] (FeCl<sub>2</sub>) crystals into a solution of ] (K<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>, ]). | The ] (or Silica Garden) was first observed and described by Glauber in 1646.<ref>Johann Rudolf Glauber, Furni Novi Philosophici. Amsterdam, 1646</ref> In its original form, the Chemical Garden involved the introduction of ] (FeCl<sub>2</sub>) crystals into a solution of ] (K<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>, ]). | ||
| ==Publications== | |||
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| ==References== | ==Notes and References== | ||
| {{reflist}} | |||
| <references/> | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Glauber, Johann}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Glauber, Johann}} | ||
Revision as of 18:08, 9 November 2008
Johann Rudolf Glauber ( 1604 (?); March 10 1670), a German-Dutch alchemist and chemist. Some historians of science have described him as one of the first chemical engineers. His discovery of sodium sulfate in 1625 led to the compound being named after him ("Glauber's salt").
Life
Born 1604 in Karlstadt am Main, the son of a barber, he was one of a large family and did not finish school, but is thought to have studied pharmacy and visited a number of laboratories. He himself said that he was glad that he had not suffered the grind of high school but had instead learned by experience. He lived in Vienna (1625), Salzburg (1649-1651), Kitzingen (1651-1655), Basel, Paris, Frankfurt am Main, Cologne and Amsterdam (1640-1644, 1646-1649, 1656-death). He worked manufacturing mirrors then as court Apothecary in Giessen. He built up a business manufacturing drugs (including chemicals such as Glauber's salt.
Work
His work and experiments resulted in discoveries of several analytic methods and he was the first to produce hydrochloric acid. He also established the manufacture of nitric acid in 1648, by heating potassium nitrate with concentrated sulphuric acid.
The Chemical Garden (or Silica Garden) was first observed and described by Glauber in 1646. In its original form, the Chemical Garden involved the introduction of ferrous chloride (FeCl2) crystals into a solution of potassium silicate (K2SiO3, water glass).
Publications
External Sources
Notes and References
- Herman Skolnik in W. F. Furter (ed) (1982) A Century of Chemical Engineering ISBN 0-306-40895-3 page 230
- This incorporates material from the German Misplaced Pages and the Galileo Project which are referenced to German sources
- Johann Rudolf Glauber, Furni Novi Philosophici. Amsterdam, 1646