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| The '''Smolensk War''' (Polish- |
The '''Smolensk War''' (Polish-Russian War of 1632-1634) was a conflict fought in the years ]-] between the ] and ]. After recovering to a certain extent from the ], Russia, expecting the Commonwealth to be weakened by the death of king ], launched the war in an attempt to liberate the key Russian city of ] which it had to cede to the Commonwealth in ], during the ] wars. | ||
| A large, carefully prepared Russian army of 34,500 men under ] reached Smolensk in October of ] and began a siege. The city held out for the following year while the Commonwealth, under its newly elected king ], organised a relief force. This force, led personally by the king, finally arrived near Smolensk in September of ] and began immediate operations against the besieging forces. | A large, carefully prepared Russian army of 34,500 men under ] reached Smolensk in October of ] and began a siege. The city held out for the following year while the Commonwealth, under its newly elected king ], organised a relief force. This force, led personally by the king, finally arrived near Smolensk in September of ] and began immediate operations against the besieging forces. | ||
| In a series of fierce combats, the |
In a series of fierce combats, the Russians were first forced to break their siege of Smolensk by ], and then by the end the month were themselves surrounded by ]. The surrounded Russians waited for relief but none arrived. Finally they surrendered on ], ]. The war ended soon afterwards with the ] signed in May of ]. The peace treaty confirmed the ], with Russia paying a large ] (20,000 ]s in gold), while Wladislaus IV agreed to surrender his claim to the Russian throne and return the royal insignia to Russia. | ||
| The treaty ended the almost unbroken series of wars that the Commonwealth waged with its neighbours since the start of the ]. The 14 years of peace that followed were arguably the most prosperous in Commonwealth's history. | The treaty ended the almost unbroken series of wars that the Commonwealth waged with its neighbours since the start of the ]. The 14 years of peace that followed were arguably the most prosperous in Commonwealth's history. | ||
Revision as of 00:15, 10 November 2005
The Smolensk War (Polish-Russian War of 1632-1634) was a conflict fought in the years 1632-1634 between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia. After recovering to a certain extent from the Time of Troubles, Russia, expecting the Commonwealth to be weakened by the death of king Sigismund III, launched the war in an attempt to liberate the key Russian city of Smolensk which it had to cede to the Commonwealth in 1611, during the Dimitriads wars.
A large, carefully prepared Russian army of 34,500 men under Mikhail Borisovich Shein reached Smolensk in October of 1632 and began a siege. The city held out for the following year while the Commonwealth, under its newly elected king Wladislaus IV, organised a relief force. This force, led personally by the king, finally arrived near Smolensk in September of 1633 and began immediate operations against the besieging forces.
In a series of fierce combats, the Russians were first forced to break their siege of Smolensk by October 3, and then by the end the month were themselves surrounded by forces of the Commonwealth. The surrounded Russians waited for relief but none arrived. Finally they surrendered on March 1, 1634. The war ended soon afterwards with the Treaty of Polanów signed in May of 1634. The peace treaty confirmed the pre-war status quo, with Russia paying a large war indemnity (20,000 rubles in gold), while Wladislaus IV agreed to surrender his claim to the Russian throne and return the royal insignia to Russia.
The treaty ended the almost unbroken series of wars that the Commonwealth waged with its neighbours since the start of the 17th century. The 14 years of peace that followed were arguably the most prosperous in Commonwealth's history.
See also
External links
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